Hari inyamaswa zugarijwe kurusha izindi kandi muri zo hari n’izikiboneka mu Rwanda nk’ingagi zo mu misozi miremire, cyane ko nazo ari nke.

Zimwe mu nyamaswa zivugwa izigihumeka ngo ntizirenze nibura 1000, mu gihe ku isi hari n’izitageze kuri 250 nk’uko urubuga magazine-racines rubivuga.

Icyegeranyo cyakozwe n’Umuryango w’Ihuriro ry’ibihugu riharanira kubungabunga ibidukikije (UICN), kigaragaza ko zimwe mu nyamaswa zugarijwe harimo izitwa Panda geant, Tamaraus zitarenze 400, Rhinoceros de Java zizwi nk’inkura, inzovu zo muri Aziya, leptodactyles des Antilles zitageze kuri 200.

Icyo cyegeranyo kivuga ko n’inzuki zitorohewe kubera ibihingwa biterwa imiti bikagira ingaruka ku buzima bwazo kuko zishakira ibizitunga ku bimera.

Ubuhigi bugikorwa mu bihugu byinshi n’ubwakozwe mu myaka ishize bwagize ingaruka ku nkwavu z’agasozi, ndetse no mu Rwanda kubona urukwavu rw’agasozi bishobora kuba umugani kuri bamwe kubera ubutaka bwinshi bukorerwaho zikaba zitabona aho kuba, naho ziboneka ni byanya bya leta nka pariki kuko ahandi zirahigwa.

Iyo urebye urutonde ruriho inyamaswa zirimo gukendera rwiswe urw’umutuku, rugaragaza ko inzoka nk’inziramire nazo ziri kugenda zizima mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe bitewe n’ibikorwa bya muntu.

Ibikorwa bya muntu bikaba bishinjwa kugira uruhare mu ikendera ry’ubwoka 22,400 nk’uko bitangazwa na UICN.

Nubwo Bibiliya ivuga ko Imana yaremye isi n’ibiyiriho kugira ngo muntu abitegeke, biboneka ko muntu ashobora kugira uruhare no kubitsemba kuko umubare w’ibibura wihuta kurusha umubare w’ibivuka.

Ingero zitangwa n’ibikorwa bya rushimusi b’inyamaswa, uburobyi butemewe, ubucuruzi bw’ibikomoka ku nyamaswa z’ishyamba, gutema amashyamba bikirukana inyamaswa, gutwika amashyamba bigatuma inyamaswa zihiramo, gukoresha imiti y’uburozi.

Hari kandi kwiyongera kw’imiturire abantu bagasatira inyamaswa n’ibimera, imyuka ihumanya ikirere, indwara z’ibyorezo bigera ku nyamswa bikazitsemba hamwe n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

Uretse kuba abantu bakora ibikorwa byo kwica inyamaswa banabakomeje kuzisanga aho zagenewe nka pariki bakazirukanamo kugira ngo bahature cyangwa bahahinge.

Umuryango wa UICN ukaba uvuga ko mu mwaka wa 2050, ibikorwa byo kwangiza inyamaswa n’ibimera bizaba byarikubye inshuro 120 hatagize igikorwa, ibintu bitigeze bibaho mu bindi bihe byose isi yabayeho.

Urutonde ruto rugaragaza inyamaswa zugarijwe kurusha izindi kugera muri 2020, zirimo ingwe za Bengale, ubu habarurwa izitarenze 4,500, gukendera kwazo bikaba biterwa no guhigwa hashakishwa uruhu rwazo n’ibice by’umubiri wazo nk’amenyo, amagufa, amaso n’amaraso bikorwamo imiti n’imitako, ibyo bikorwa kandi bikaba byaragize ingaruka ku ngwe zizwi nka Java n’ingwe z’umweru.

Habarurwa ingagi ibihumbi 110, mu gihe ingagi 700 zo mu misozi miremire, kubera ubuke bwazo nubwo mu Rwanda izi nyamaswa zizwi kandi zitaweho, hari ibindi bihugu zigenda zigabanuka kubera umutekano mucye uterwa na rushimusi, gutema amashyamba n’ubuhigi, hamwe n’ibikorwa byo gushaka amabuye y’agaciro nka Coltan ikoreshwa mu gukora telefoni zigendanwa.

Inyamaswa zizwi nk’inkura za Java hasigaye izitarenze 58 ziboneka mu byanya bya Ujung Kulon muri Indonisiya na Java, inkura nazo zikaba zihigwa kubera kuzishakamo imiti gakondo ikoreshwa mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa.

Inzovu zo muri Aziya zibarwa nk’inyamaswa ziri mu kaga kubera ko 75% byazo zari mu mashyamba kimeza yamaze kwangizwa.

Icyegeranyo gishyira izo nyamaswa ku rutonde rw’izirimo gukendera bashingira ko ubwoko bwa ziriya nzovu ibihumbi 50 zajyanywe kororwa aho gushyirwa mu byanya zisanzuramo.

Panda geant ziboneka mu Bushinwa no mu misozi ya Tibet, habarurwa nibura 1,750 zisigaye ku isi, gukendera kwazo bikaba byaragiye biterwa no kwangiza amashyamba, ikoreshwa cyane ry’imigano nk’ikiribwa cyazo cy’ingenzi.

Mu gace kitwa Wanglang ahazwi nka paradizo ya Panda, mu myaka 21 ishize habaruwe 176 zabuze, mu gihe ku buso bwa hegitare ibihumbi 32 hasigaye nibura 20.

Utunyamaswa tuzwi nka Hapalémur tubarizwa mu gihugu cya Madagascar y’Iburasirazuba bw’Amajyepfo natwo turi ku rutonde rw’inyamaswa zirimo kuva ku isi kuko habarurwa izitarenze 160 bitewe n’ikoreshwa ry’amashyamba tubamo, ibikorwa byo gucukura amabuye y’agaciro n’ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi bitewe no kwiyongera kw’abantu.

Inyoni izwi nka cacatoès ifite ibara ry’umuhondo ku isunzu nayo ishyirwa mu nyamaswa zirimo kuburirwa irengero kuko habarurwa 1000 mu gace zizwimo nka Hong Kong, Indoniziya na Tomor bitewe n’uko zihigwa zigashyirwa mu miryango ntizishobore gukomeza kororoka.

Muri Afurika habarurwa igabanuka ry’inyoni zizwi nk’inkongoro kubera kuko zisanzwe zitunzwe no kurya inyamaswa zipfushize, ariko kubera ibikorwa bya muntu byatumye inyamaswa zigabanuka, n’ahakorerwa ubworozi amatungo agaterwa imiti bigatuma inkongoro zipfa.

Mu mwaka wa 2020 inkongoro 1000 zabonetse mu byumweru bibiri zapfuye zirozwe mu gihugu cya Guinea-Bissau mu mijyi ibiri ya Bafatá na Gabú.

Ibikorwa byo kwica inkongoro zirozwe bikorwa na rushimusi ashaka guhisha ibikorwa bye, José Τavares umuyobozi w’ishyirahamwe ryita ku nkongoro avuga ko zicwa bitewe no guhisha amakuru y’ibikorwa bya rushimusi kuko aho biciye inzovu bayikuraho amahembe inkongoro zihagaragaza ziza kurya inyama z’ibisigazwa.

Mu Rwanda ibikorwa byo kwangiza inyamaswa naho byagiye bihaboneka, aho nk’imisambi yari itunzwe mu ngo z’abantu yakorewe ubuvugizi ikahakurwa, ibi bikaba byaratumye muri 2019 mu Rwanda habarurwa nibura imisambi 748.