Menya amateka ya Zaza

Yanditswe na

Ernestine Musanabera

28-08-2024 - 20:39' | Ibitekerezo ( )

Mu rwego rwo gukomeza kumenya amwe mu mateka yaranze igihugu cy’u Rwanda Kigali Today igenda ibagezaho amateka y’ahantu hatandukanye mu bihe byo ha mbere.

Kiriziya ya Zaza yubatswe mu 1961, hano yarimo isanwa muri 2016 (Foto Inteko y'Umuco )

Mu gushaka kumenya amateka arambuye y’ahitwa Zaza yegereye Inteko y’Umuco baganira kuri aya mateka kuko Zaza ubu yabaye ahantu Ndangamateka ndetse hazakomeza kubungabungwa kugira ngo atazasibangana.

Misiyoni gatorika ya Zaza yashinzwe na Musenyeri Hirth tariki ya 1 Ugushyingo 1900. Mu ishingwa ryayo yari ifite Abasaseridoti batatu ari bo Padiri Zumbiehl waje nyuma no kuba muri Misiyoni ya Mibirizi igihe kirekire, Padiri Barthélémy wari warabaye i Save, na Padiri Pouget.

Mu bandi bahabaye mu minsi ya mbere y’ishingwa ryayo harimo Padiri Brard (Terebura) wahoze i Save, ndetse na Furere Anselme na we wari warabaye i Save. Ni Misiyoni ya kabiri mu Gihugu nyuma ya Save yari yarashinzwe tariki ya 8 Gashyantare 1900.

Zaza iherereye mu gice cy’Igisaka kitwaga Mirenge, mu Karere ka Ngoma, Umurenge wa Zaza, Akagari ka Ruhembe. Aka gace nta gihe kinini kari kamaze kigaruriwe n’u Rwanda, ndetse abaturage bamwe b’i Gisaka bari batarayoboka neza ubuyobozi bw’i Nyanza. Ibi ni bimwe mu byo aba bapadiri bera baheragaho bavuga ko byorohereje i Bwami kwemerera Musenyeri Hirth kuhashinga Misiyoni.

Abapadiri Bera bakigera i Zaza bakiriwe na Karakawe, se wa Joseph Rukamba, akaba na Sekuru wa Aloys Bigirumwami wabaye Musenyeri wa mbere w’Umunyarwanda. Inzu yabo ya mbere bayishinze ku musozi wa Ruhembe.

Yari inzu nto yo kwikinga imbeho n’izuba. Nk’uko byakozwe i Save, abakirisitu ba mbere bo muri aka gace bahinduwe hifashishijwe impano z’amasaro, imyenda, umunyu, n’ibindi Abapadiri Bera bifashishaga mu kureshya abaturage.

Aloys Bigirumwami yari se wabo wa Philippe Rukamba umushumba wa Diyoseze ya Butare kuri ubu uri mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, kuko Bigirumwami yari mukuru wa Jean Baptiste Rukamba se wa Philippe Rukamba, bombi bakaba abana ba Joseph Rukamba.
Umukirisitu wa mbere mu Rwanda, Nyirambeba Elisabeth, wakomokaga i Save yabatirijwe aho i Zaza mu wa 1903. Padiri Balthazar Gafuku, umwe mu Banyarwanda ba mbere bihaye Imana, na we yakomokaga muri Misiyoni ya Zaza.

Yahawe Ubusaseridoti mu mwaka wa 1917 hamwe na Donat Reberaho wakomokaga muri Misiyoni ya Save. Mu bandi bihaye Imana bakomoka muri Misiyoni ya Zaza, harimo Musenyeri wa mbere w’Umunyarwanda, Bigirumwami Aloys, wahawe ubwepisikopi mu mwaka wa 1952.

Misiyoni ya Zaza yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gutangiza ibikorwa by’uburezi, ubuvuzi, n’ubuhinzi bw’imbuto nshya nk’amacunga, indimu, amapapayi, amapera ndetse n’inanasi muri ako karere.

Mu mwaka wa 1959 Abatutsi bahigwaga bahungiye muri Kiriziya ya Zaza, baraharokokera. Ibyo ariko si ko byagenze mu wa 1994 kuko Abatutsi bahahungiye icyo gihe bahashiriye.
Kubaka Kiriziya ya mbere i Zaza ntibyari byoroshye. Abaturage bakoreshejwe imirimo y’agahato irimo kwikorera ibiti, kubumba amatafari n’ibindi.

Rumiya avuga ko kubera ikibazo cy’ibiti cyari i Zaza, abamisiyoneri, babifashijwemo n’ubutegetsi bw’abakoroni, baciye iteka ribuza abaturage baho gutema igiti icyo ari cyo cyose, kuva mu mwaka wa 1907 kugeza 1912. Ibi byagize ingaruka cyane cyane ku mazu y’abaturage atarashoboraga gusanwa mu gihe cy’imyaka itanu yose.