Kuki Noheli yizihizwa ku itariki 25 Ukuboza?
Kuva mu kinyejana cya 17, hari bamwe batangiye gukwiza hose ko itariki ya 25/12 Abakristu bahimbazaho Noheli, ari umunsi wahimbazwagaho umunsi mukuru w’izuba (Sol invictus), gusa babikoze ari ukugira ngo barwanye inyigisho za Kiliziya n’ubuyobozi bwayo.
Padiri Phocas Banamwana arasobanura impamvu Noheli yizihizwa kuri iyi tariki, n’uburyo amateka amwe n’amwe yagiye agorekwa ku batizeraga Imana.
Ati “Nyamara tugendeye ku gihe uyu munsi mukuru w’izuba watangiriye, dusanga harimo ukwibeshya gukomeye ahubwo ko abatizeraga Imana aribo bahinduye itariki Abakristu bahimbazagaho Noheli, bakayishyiraho ikigirwamana cy’izuba”.
Padiri Banamwa avuga ko umunsi mukuru w’izuba ‘Sol invictus’, watangiye guhimbazwa muri Roma mu gihe cy’umwami w’abami Eliogabalo, wategetse kuva mu mwaka wa 218 kugeza mu wa 222 nyuma y’ivuka rya Yezu Kristu. Gusa wahimbazwaga hagati y’itariki ya 19-22 Ukuboza.
Umuhanga mu bya Tewolojiya Thomas J. Talley, mu nyandiko ze agaragaza ko uyu munsi mukuru w’izuba watangiye guhimbazwa tariki ya 25 Ukuboza ku gihe cy’umwami w’abami Aureliano, watoteje Abakristu mu kinyejana cya 3 nyuma ya Yezu.
Yafashe iyo tariki Abakristu bahimbazagaho ivuka rya Yezu, ayigira iyo guhimbazaho ikigirwamana cy’izuba mu buryo bwo kurushaho gusenya ubukristu, kuko yabonaga itariki ya 25 yari ikomeye ku bakristu.
Padiri Banamwana yasobanuye ko hariho inyandiko nyinshi z’abahanga ba Kiliziya zivuga ku itariki ya 25 nka Noheli, abakristu bahimbazagaho ivuka rya Yezu, zanditswe mbere ho imyaka 150, mbere y’umunsi mukuru wa Sole invictus.
Ati “Aha twavuga nk’inyandiko ya Evode wa Antiyokiya wapfuye muri 69 nyuma ya Yezu Kristu, wanditse avuga ko ukuvuka kwa Kristo, we Rumuri rw’Isi kwabaye tariki ya 25 Ukuboza. Aha twavuga kandi na Hippolyte w’i Rome mu mwaka wa 203, wanditse ibi bikurikira: "Ukuza kwa mbere kwa Nyagasani yigira umuntu akavukira i Betelehemu, byabaye iminsi umunani mbere y’ukwezi kwa mbere. Ni ukuvuga iminsi 8 mbere y’itariki ya mbere y’ukwezi kwa mbere, aha rero bigahura n’itariki ya 25 Ukuboza”.
Akomeza agira tai “Uwitwa Michele Loconsole, umuhanga mu bya tewolojiya atubwira ko Kiliziya ya mbere yatangiye guhimbaza Noheli ku itariki ya 25 Ukuboza, nyuma gato y’urupfu n’izuka bya Yezu Kristu.
Ikindi gufata iyi tariki ya 25 Ukuboza nk’ivuka rya Yezu Kristu, Kiliziya yagendeye ku ivuka rya Yohani Batista, integuza ye kuko tariki 25 Werurwe: Bikira Mariya abwirwa ko azabyara Umukiza (Luka1,26-27).
Icyo gihe hari hashize amezi 6 Elizabeti asamye inda ya Yohani Batista. Ni ukuvuga ko Elizabeti yasamye tariki ya 25 Nzeri, tariki 25 Kamena habaho ivuka rya Yohani Batista, naho tariki 25 Ukuboza havuka Yezu Kristu.
Yifashishije ibyanditswe muri Bibiliya, Padiri Banamwana yasobanuye imwe mu nyandiko zivuga ku ivuka rya Yezu Kristu.
Ati “Kuba tuvuga ko Yezu Kristu ari we rumuri rw’Isi, mbere na mbere ni ubuhanuzi bwa kera ntabwo duhera ku bigirwamana by’izuba nk’uko tubisanga muri Malakiya3,20-21: “Naho mwebwe, abubaha izina ryanjye, izuba ry’ubutabera rigiye kubarasiraho, ribazanire agakiza mu mirasire yaryo. Muzasohoka maze mwikinagure nk’inyana zivuye mu kiraro. Muzanyukanyuka abagome, bamere nk’ivu munsi y’ibirenge byanyu kuri uwo munsi nateganyije”. Uwo ni Uhoraho, Umugaba w’ingabo, ubivuze.
Izayi 30,26: Igihe Uhoraho azaba yapfutse ibisebe by’umuryango we, akomora ibikomere byawo, urumuri rw’ukwezi ruzaka nk’urw’izuba, naho urw’izuba rwikube karindwi, nk’aho rwabaye urumuri rw’iminsi irindwi.
Izayi 62,1: Sinzigera ntererana Siyoni, sinzareka guhihibikanira Yeruzalemu, kugeza ubwo ubutungane bwayo butangaje nk’icyezezi, n’umukiro wayo ukakirana nk’urumuri.
Luka 1,78-79: Koko Imana yacu igira impuhwe zihebuje, ari na zo zatumye Zuba‐rirashe amanuka mu ijuru aje kudusura, akabonekera abari batuye mu mwijima no mu gicucu cy’urupfu, kugira ngo atuyobore mu nzira y’amahoro.
Luka 2,32:Ni we rumuri ruboneshereza amahanga, akaba n’ikuzo ry’umuryango wawe Israheli.
Icyakora nubwo hari abakirisitu bizihiza Ivuka rya Yezu tariki ya 25 Ukuboza buri mwaka, hari andi madini n’amatorero bitizihiza uyu munsi kuko batawemera.
Aha twavuga nk’abahamya ba Yehova, Abadivantisite b’umunsi wa Karindwi ndetse n’itorero ry’abagorozi.
Icyo Bibiliya ibivugaho
Mu nyigisho za Bibiliya z’abahamya ba Yehova, zivuga ko Bibiliya itavuga igihe nyacyo Yesu Kristo yavukiye nk’uko ibitabo New Catholic Encyclopedia na Encyclopedia of Early Christianity bibivuga.
Muri ibi bitabo bisobanura ko Bibiliya idasubiza mu buryo bweruye ikibazo kigira kiti “Yesu yavutse ryari?” Ariko kandi, ivuga ibintu bibiri byabaye mu gihe Yesu yavukiyemo, ibyo bigatuma abantu benshi bemeza ko atavutse ku itariki ya 25 Ukuboza.
Muri iyo nyandiko bavuga ko Yezu yavutse mu ntangiriro z’umuhindo
Iyo nyandiko ivuga ko kugira ngo hamenyekane igihe Yesu yavukiye, hashobora kugenekerezwa bikabarwa basubira inyuma bahereye igihe yapfiriye, kuri Pasika yo ku itariki ya 14/6 mu rugaryi rwo mu mwaka wa 33, nk’uko bigaragara muri (Yohana 19: 14-16). Icyo gihe Yesu yari afite imyaka igera hafi kuri 30, igihe yatangiraga umurimo we yakoze imyaka itatu n’igice. Ku bw’ibyo, abahamya bavuga ko yavutse mu ntangiriro z’umuhindo wo mu mwaka wa 2 Mbere ya Yesu (Luka 3: 23).
None se ko nta gihamya igaragaza ko Yesu Kristo yavutse ku itariki ya 25 Ukuboza, kuki Noheli yizihizwa kuri iyo tariki?
Igitabo cy’inyigisho za Bibilia cy’Abahamya kivuga ko abayobozi ba kiliziya bashobora kuba barahisemo iyo tariki, bashaka kuyihuza n’umunsi mukuru wa gipagani Abaroma bizihirizagaho ‘ivuka ry’izuba ritaneshwa’, bishimira ko izuba ryongeye kuboneka nk’uko babikesha igitabo ‘Encyclopædia Britannica’.
Abahamya bakavuga ko hari ikindi gitabo cyavuze ko intiti nyinshi zitekereza ko ibyo byakozwe kugira ngo abapagani bahindukiriye Ubukristo, barusheho kubuha agaciro.
Nubwo ariko Amadini atavuga rumwe ku itariki Yezu yavukiyeho yose, amwemera nk’umwana w’Imana ndetse inyigisho zose ugasanga zihuriye ku kuba yaraje aje gucungura Isi n’abayituye.
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