Kuki imbaraga n’ubushobozi bya M23 bikomeza kwegekwa ku Rwanda?

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Tarib Abdul

16-04-2025 - 17:57' | Ibitekerezo ( )

Ni kenshi byagiye bivugwa n’ubutegetsi bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) n’abandi barimo ibihugu by’amahanga, ndetse n’imwe mu miryango mpuzamahanga ko umutwe witwaje intwaro wa M23 ufashwa ukanashyigikirwa n’u Rwanda, nubwo rwo rutahwemye kubihakana.

Abavuga ibi babishingira ku mbaraga n’ubushobozi abarwanyi ba M23 bagiye bagaragaza, by’umwihariko ubwo bigaruriraga ibice bitandukanye byo muri RDC ku buryo uyu munsi bagenzura hejuru ya 80% y’ibice bigize Kivu y’Amajyaruguru n’iy’Amajyepfo.

Kwigarurira ibyo bice byose ntabwo byapfuye kwizana, kuko byagezweho binyuze mu mirwano yahanganishijemo abarwanyi ba M23 n’ingabo za RDC (FARDC), FDLR, Wazalendo, ingabo z’u Burundi, iza SADC zari ziturutse mu bihugu bya Afurika y’Epfo, Malawi na Tanzania hamwe n’abacancuro bari biganjemo abo mu gihugu cya Romania, bose bananiwe guhangana na M23, abenshi muri bo bagata ibikoresho bakanamanika amaboko.

Uko gutsimbura izo ngabo zose mu birindiro hakigarurirwa na M23, byatumye benshi batangira kwibaza ku bushobozi bw’uwo umutwe abenshi bafata nk’inyeshamba, bakibaza aho bashobora gukura imbaraga n’ubushobozi byo guhangana n’ingabo zose zari zibateraniyeho ariko bakazitsinda, bamwe batangira kubyegeka ku Rwanda, nubwo rwo rwagiye rubitera utwatsi rugaragaza ko abakerensa imbaraga z’uwo mutwe, badakwiye kuzitiranya n’Ingabo z’u Rwanda.

Abavuga ibyo byose ariko, banirengagiza ko M23 yavutse kugira ngo irwanire Abanyekongo bambuwe uburenganzira mu gihugu cyabo, hagamijwe kubakura mu buhungiro, bagasubira iwabo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Asubiza abavuga ko nta mutwe witwaje intwaro wagira imbaraga nk’iza M23, cyangwa ibikoresho bihambaye nk’ibyo ifite mu gihe waba udashyigikiwe n’Igihugu, bakabishingiraho bashinja ingabo z’u Rwanda gufasha M23, mu kiganiro yagiranye n’umunyamakuru wa Anewz TV, Umuvugizi wa Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, Yolande Makolo, yavuze ko uyu mutwe ufite imyitwarire myiza kandi uhamye ku mpamvu yatumye utangiza urugamba.

Yagize ati “M23 ni umutwe uhamye. Bamwe mu bayigize babaye mu ngabo za RDC, twumva ko ari umutwe ufite imyitwarire myiza, uhamye ku mpamvu yawo kubera ko kuri bo ni ugupfa no gukira, bari kurwanira kubaho. Iyo ni yo ntwaro ya mbere. Uwa mbere uha M23 intwaro ni ingabo za RDC, kubera ko buri rugamba M23 irwana, ikarutsinda, ingabo za RDC ziriruka zigata intwaro. Zataye intwaro nyinshi, mu myaka irenga itatu.”

Ku bijyanye no kuba ibiganiro hagati ya RDC n’u Rwanda byonyine bishobora gukemura ibibazo biri mu burasirazuba bwa RDC, Umuvugizi wa Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, avuga ko bidashoboka, ahubwo ko uyu mutwe na wo ukwiye kujya mu biganiro byo gukemura impamvu yatumye urwana.

Ati “Hari ikibazo cy’imbere muri RDC, M23 ni umutwe w’Abanyekongo kandi bafite ibyo basaba Leta yabo, bityo rero ibyo bikwiye gukemurirwa hagati yabo na Leta yabo”.

Nyuma yaho Ihuriro rya AFC/M23 rishinje Ingabo z’Umuryango SADC ziri mu butumwa muri RDC (SAMIDRC), kugira uruhare mu gitero cyagabwe n’Ingabo z’iki gihugu, FDLR n’imitwe ya Wazalendo, tariki 11 Mata 2025, hagamijwe kwisubiza Umujyi wa Goma, zisabwa gutaha bwangu nta yandi mananiza, nubwo bitaremezwa neza aho zizanyura zitaha kuko ibibazo byagaragajwe ko biri mu kibuga cy’indege cya Goma bitarakemuka.

Itaha ry’ingabo za SADC ziri muri RDC, ryanemejwe n’Inama idasanzwe y’Abakuru b’Ibihugu by’uwo muryango, yiga ku bibazo by’umutekano muke muri RDC yateranye tariki ya 13 Werurwe 2025 hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, ikanzura isozwa ry’ubutumwa bw’Ingabo zawo (SAMIDRC) ziri muri RDC, itegeka ko zitangira gutaha.

Ni inama yitabiriwe na Perezida wa Zimbabwe akaba n’Umuyobozi Mukuru wa SADC, Emmerson Mnangagwa, Umwami Mswati III wa Eswatini, Perezida wa Madagascar, Andry Rajoelina, Joao Lourenco wa Angola, Samia Suluhu Hassan wa Tanzania, Lazarus Chakwera wa Malawi na Hakainde Hichilema wa Zambia.

Bivugwa ko ingabo za SADC ziri muri RDC zigera ku 5,000 zikaba zigizwe n’abasirikare bavuye muri Tanzania, Malawi n’abo muri Afurika y’Epfo.

Mu nama zitandukanye zagiye ziba, ziga ku kibazo cy’umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, ntabwo Abakuru b’Ibihugu bahwemye kugaragaza ko umuti w’ikibazo ari ukugirana ibiganiro na M23, aho gushyira intambara imbere.

Nko mu nama yahuje Abakuru b’Ibihugu bya Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) n’ab’ibihugu bigize SADC, yabereye i Dar es Salaam muri Tanzania tariki 8 Gashyantare 2025, yigaga ku gushakira umuti ibibazo by’umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, bagaragaje ko amahoro ashoboka binyuze muri dipolomasi.

Perezida wa RDC Félix Antoine Tshisekedi ntiyitabiriye iyo nama ya EAC na SADC i Dar es Salaam, bigaragaza ubushake buke bwo gukemura ikibazo cy’umutekano mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo, ndetse ni kenshi yagiye avuga ko adashobora gushyikirana na M23.

Ku ruhande rwa M23, bavuga ko igikenewe atari intambara ahubwo ko baharanira uburenganzira bwabo nk’abenegihugu, kuko bajujubywa n’ubuyobozi bwa RDC, aho batotezwa, bicwa, bityo batari gukomeza kurebera abantu bicwa, ariko ko biteguye kugirana ibiganiro na Leta ya Congo, kugira ngo ikibazo cy’umutekano muke mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC kibonerwe umuti urambye.

Umutwe wa M23 ugiye kumara imyaka ine wongeye kubura intwaro kuko urugamba irimo uyu munsi yarutangiye mu kwezi k’Ugusyingo 2021, nyuma y’imyaka umunani basaba Leta ya RDC kubahiriza amasezerano yagiranye n’abahoze mu mutwe witwaje intwaro wa CNDP tariki ya 23 Werurwe 2009.