Abarenga 90% by’abari bagize izo ngabo z’Abadage b’Abirabura bari Abayisilamu. Nguko uko Abayisilamu bageze mu Rwanda.

Irindi tsinda ry’Abayisilamu ryinjiye mu Rwanda mu 1901, rikaba ryari rigizwe ahanini n’abacuruzi b’Abarabu n’Abaswayili babo.

Muri biriya bihe, Abaswayili bari Abirabura bavutse ku miryango y’Abarabu bashakanye n’Abanyafurika. Ni naho ururimi rw’Igiswahili rwakomotse.

Itsinda ry’aba rero, ryagaragaye bwa mbere i Nyanza, ari naho hari urugo rukuru rw’Umwami.

Mu 1907 nibwo Kigali yagizwe Umurwa Mukuru w’Ubutegetsi bw’Abadage, iyoborwa n’uwitwa Richard Kandt.

Icyo gihe, Abayisilamu bari i Shangi n’abari i Nyanza baje gutura mu murwa mukuru (Kigali), maze batangira kumenyana bashinga umuryango remezo wa mbere w’Abayisilamu (Jamaa’a) mu Rwanda.

Kimwe mu byari bibashishikaje bya mbere ni ugushaka aho bajya bahurira, ari nabwo batekereje uko bakubaka umusigiti, nuko bawubaka mu Mujyi rwagati ahazwi nko ku Iposita uyu munsi, mu kibanza bahawe n’Umuhinde witwaga Barakat Ali, na we wari Umuyisilamu.

Ni umusigiti watashywe ku mugaragaro ku wa 2 Ukuboza 1913, ari na rwo rusengero rwa mbere rwubatswe muri Kigali no mu Rwanda hose muri rusange, ukaba wari ufite metero 9 kuri 5.

Uyu musigiti wagiye uvugururwa n’uyu munsi urahari, ukaba witwa Masjid Madina. Uyu mnusi ugizwe n’amagorofa atatu, ari nawo munini mu Rwanda kuko ushobora kwakira abantu barenga ibihumbi bibiri.

Bitandukanye n’andi madini yinjiye mu Rwanda mu buryo bw’ibwirizabutumwa riteguye, Islam yinjiye mu Rwanda mu buryo budateguye. Haje Abayisilamu bisanga mu Rwanda ku bw’impamvu zindi zitari iyogezabutumwa.

Uko Abanyarwanda bisanze mu Buyisilarmu

Kugira ngo Abanyarwanda bagerweho n’Ubuyisilamu byanyuze muri aba Banyamahanga, ubwo batangiraga gushakana n’Abanyarwandakazi bashinga umuryango, bituma na bamwe mu bavandimwe b’abagore babo bahitamo kuyoboka iryo dini.

Indi nzira yagejeje Abanyarwanda mu buyisilam ni ubucuruzi, bitewe n’uko bamwe mu babugejeje mu Rwanda bwa mbere bari abacuruzi, baza kugera aho ubucuruzi bwigaranzura kugurana byari bisanzwe bikorwa n’Abanyarwanda nk’uburyo bwo kubona icyo udafite.

Ubucuruzi bwakorwaga n’Abarabu n’Abahinde bari biganjemo Abayisilamu bwaje kwiganza bugaragara ko ari ubw’abasirimu, bituma benshi babwitabira.

Abayisilamu bafashwe nk’itsinda ryihariye bashyirwa mu nkambi

Nubwo Abadage batakundaga bayisilamu barabihanganiraga, ariko ubwo Abakoloni b’Ababiligi bari bamaze gusimbura Abadage mu 1916, bazanye n’imiyoborere mishya y’ubukoloni, batangira kuyitegekesha u Rwanda.

Bageze mu Rwanda basa nkaho bafite Politike yo gusiba Ubuyisilamu mu bihugu bategekaga birimo n’u Rwanda, ku buryo mu 1924, umuyobozi w’Ababiligi wari ushinzwe ibikorwa bya politiki n’ubukoloni mu karere ka Ruanda - Urundi, Alfred Frédéric Gérard Marzorati, yandikiye abayoboraga koroni z’Ababiligi, abategeka gusiba Ubuyisilamu mu duce twabo.

Ibyo byatumye bashyiraho amategeko abangamira Abayisilamu, kuko mu 1925, hagiyeho iteka rya Minisitiri w’Ababiligi, Nº 38, rya tariki 18 Kamena 1925, rishyira Abayisilamu mu nkambi (Camp Swahili).

Izi nkambi zari zimeze nka gereza. Abayisilamu bagombaga kubamo, abarimo bakamenyekana, bakabuzwa kuzirenga ndetse bagahabwa n’ibyangombwa bakamenyekana.

Inkambi (Camp Swahili) ya mbere yatujwemo Abayisilamu mu 1925, yari mu Mujyi wa Kigali. Batujwe imbere y’umusigiti, (ubu ni ahazwi nko ku iposita), bakagenda bagafata ahazwi uyu munsi nko ku Nkuru nziza, bagakomeza bakamanuka kugera ahari feruge (feux rouge/Traffic lights) zo mu Gakinjiro.

Mu 1937 nibwo Abayisilam batangiye kwimurirwa mu Biryogo

Nyuma y’imyaka 12 batujwe mu nkambi yo mu Mujyi, haje gusohoka irindi teka ry’Ababiligi, ribahakura riberekeza mu Biryogo.

Al Hadji Sudi Munyantwali ni umusaza w’imyaka 80, wavukiye ndetse agakurira mu Biryogoi. Avuga ko yibuka neza aho iwabo bari batuye mu nkambi yo mu Mujyi.

Agira ati “Kugira ngo bashire mu Mujyi, bagiye bimuka buhoro buhoro, abanyuma bavuyeyo mu 1940, ni naho bubatse uriya musigiti wa Onatracom (Masjid Al fat’h), kuko kujya mu Mujyi byari bisigaye ari kure, ariko hari abakomeje kuhasengera cyane cyane ku wa Gatanu. Uko niko baje mu Biryogo.”

Icyo gihe batuzwa mu Biryogo, hari ibibanza bigera kuri 469, biri mu mihanda ine, aho umuntu yavuga ko uyu munsi ari ku muhanda uturuka mu Mujyi ukanyura munsi y’umusigiti wa Onatracom, uwa ruguru yawo uva i Nyamirambo werekeza mu Mujyi, undi ukurikiyeho w’ahazwi nko mu Marangi hamwe n’undi wo kwa Nyiranuma, ariko byose bikarangirira aho ibisate bibiri by’imihanda iva mu Mujyi n’ijya mu Mujyi yongera guhurira werekeza kuri 40.

Mu 1954 inkambi yo mu Biryogo yaraguwe ishyirwaho ikindi gice cy’ahazwi nko kuri 40, harimo n’umuhanda wo munsi y’uriya uri munsi y’umusigiti wa Onatracom uturuka mu Mujyi, unyura ku musigiti uzwi nk’uwa Majengo ukagenda ukagera ku ishuri ry’Intwali.

Mu 1959/60 inkambi ya Biryogo yongeye kwagurwa hakatwa indi mihanda igera kuri itandatu, irimo uwa Paul VI, uwo kuri St Etienne, ku Isoko, ugana ku musigiti wo mu Biryogo, uw’inyuma yawo hamwe n’uwo munsi y’Isoko, n’undi umanuka uvuye ahahoze Grace Hotel umanuka uteganye n’uwo kwa Nyiranuma.

Aho mu nkambi bari bafite amategeko yihariye arimo kuba uwagomba kuba mu nkambi yaragombaga kuba ari umuyisilam banashyirirwaho amategeko abagenga mu nkambi kuko bagombaga kugengwa n’ubutegetsi bw’Ababiligi batarebwa n’amategeko y’Umwami yagengaga abandi Banyarwanda.

Umusaza Al Hadji Munyentwali ati “Bagombaga kugengwa n’ubutegetsi bw’Ababiligi ku buryo batarebwaga n’amategeko agenga abandi baturage bose b’u Rwanda, kuko abandi basigaye inyuma y’inkambi bagengwaga n’amategeko y’ubutegetsi bw’Umwami.”

Yungamo ati “Inkambi ya Camp Swahili ya Kigali yari muri sheferi ya Bwanacyambwe, shefu wa Bwanacyambwe ntabwo yabagengaga kandi ari Abanyarwanda. Ntibakoraga imirimo yategetswe abandi Banyarwanda, ntabwo yabarebaga. Ntibanagombaga kurenga inkambi badafite uruhushya ruhabakura, igihe abandi Banyarwanda bagendaga mu gihugu uko bashaka.”

Urwo ruhushya rwagombaga kuba rwanditse kandi bakaruhabwa n’umuyobozi cyangwa komiseri ushinzwe inkambi.

Al Hadji Minyentwali arakomeza ati “Iyo umuntu ugenewe kuba mu nkambi bamufatiraga nka hariya Kicukiro n’ahandi wenda atuye mu Biryogo, baramufungaga, kuko nta ruhushya yabaga afite. N’abandi Banyarwanda ntibari bemerewe kwinjira muri izo nkambi, kwinjiramo no gusohokamo byagombaga uruhushya.”

Arongera ati “Hari uburyo wabasabaga uruhushya, hari igihe bavugaga ngo umuswayile ni umuntu w’abazungu kuki ushaka kujya iriya mu bashenzi, wowe uri umusirimu urambara ukaberwa, bariya baracyambara impu, urajya kubakoramo iki bariya banyamwanda. Bakababuza no kujya gusura benewabo. Byari ikibazo gikomeye.”

Ikindi ni uko hari amasoko abayisilam batari bemerewe kurema kugira ngo bategera abandi Banyarwanda bakabanduza ubuyisilamu, ikindi bagategekwa gutanga umusoro ku mugore wa kabiri bashakaga kuko idini yabo yabemereraga gushaka umugore urenze umwe.

Ikindi ni uko Abayisilamu batari bemerewe kwiga, kuko kugira ngo umwana w’umuyisilam yige yagombaga kwemera kubatizwa, kubera ko amashuri yari ahari icyo gihe yari ashingiye ku myemerere y’Abagatolika, harimo Sainte Famille yigagamo abahungu gusa hamwe na EPA yigagamo abakobwa.

Nubwo bafashe icyemezo cyo kubaka amashuri yabo arimo iry’i Mugandamure mu Karere ka Nyanza ryubatswe mu 1951 (Ubu ni ahari ishuri ribanza rya Kavumu) n’iryitwaga Ecole Swahili de Kigali, nyuma rikaza kwitwa n’Umwami Rudahigwa, Ecole Rwandaise Intwali de Kigali (Ubu ni ahazwi nko ku Ntwali), naryo ryuzuye mu 1951, ariko nta buzimagatozi yigeze ahabwa.

Camp Swahili yaje kongerwaho Camp Belge, yatuzwagamo abari abakozi b’Ababiligi nyuma izo nkambi zombi ziza kurema ikindi kintu cyitwa City Indigene (ba kavukire b’umujyi),
Izo nkambi zombi zagiraga Inkiko zazo zihariye zirimo urw’Ibanze n’uw’Ubujurire. Ubwo buyobozi n’izo nkiko byavuyeho muri Kamena 1960, hanyuma inkambi z’Abayisilamu zose mu Rwanda zitangira kubungabungwa n’amakomine.

Kugira ngo babone ubuzimagatozi byabasabye gutegereza kugera mu 1964, kuko kwitwa umuyislamu byageze aho bifatwa nk’ubwoko bwa kane nyuma y’andi moko y’Abanyarwanda.
N’ubwo babonye ubuzima gatozi n’igihugu cyarabonye ubwigenge, ariko Abayisilam bakomeje gukandamizwa na Leta ya mbere n’iya kabiri kugeza ubwo Leta y’Ubumwe yagiyeho mu 1994.

Uretse i Nkambi z’Abayisilam muri Kigali hari n’izindi zabaga ahandi zirimo iyabaga i Mugandamure i Nyanza, mu Ruhengeri (Musanze), i Gisenyi (Rubavu), i Butare (Huye) n’ahandi.