Nubwo bigoye gutanga urutonde rwuzuye, hari bamwe bazahora bibukwa kubera ubugome n’amaraso menshi bamennye, cyane cyane nk’abayoboye ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi.

Agathe Kanziga Habyarimana

Nubwo benshi bakatiwe, abandi bagikurikiranwa n’ubutabera, hari n’abacyidegembya barimo uwahoze ari Madamu wa Perezida, Agathe Kanziga Habyarimana, na Esperance Karwera Mutwe, wari umujyanama muri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga mu gihe cya Jenoside.

Kanziga, ubu urinzwe n’u Bufaransa, yari umwe mu bagize uruhare rukomeye mu itsinda ryiswe “Akazu”, ryari rigize urwego rw’imbere rw’ubutegetsi bwateguye Jenoside, rikaba ryaranavugwaga nk’“umuryango wa Madamu”. Iri tsinda ryagenzuraga ibikorwa bya politiki, ubukungu, igisirikare n’itangazamakuru. Yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gutangiza no kugenzura ikinyamakuru cy’ivangura nka Kangura ndetse na radiyo y’ivangura RTLM, byashishikarizaga abantu kwica Abatutsi.

Karwera na we yari umuyobozi w’amakuru n’icengezamatwara mu ishyaka ryari ku butegetsi rya MRND, rifite uruhare runini mu gutegura no gushyira mu bikorwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Ababikira ba Sovu

Ibyabaye ku Batutsi amagana bahungiye ku kigo cy’Ababikira b’Ababenedikitini i Sovu ndetse no ku kigo nderabuzima cyaho birazwi neza. Umubikira wari uyoboye icyo kigo, Consolata Mukangango (Soeur Gertrude) na mugenzi we Julienne Mukabutera (Soeur Kizito) banze kubakira, ariko Abatutsi baza kuhagera ku ngufu, abandi bajya ku kigo nderabuzima.

Ubwicanyi bwabereye aho hagati ya tariki ya 22 na 25 Mata 1994 bwari burimo uruhare rutaziguye rwa Gertrude wari ufite imyaka 42 na Kizito wari ufite 36. Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Jenoside (CNLG) ivuga ko kuva tariki ya 17 Mata 1994, Abatutsi barenga 10,000 bari bahungiye aho. Ku wa 25 Mata, ababikira basutse lisansi ku igaraje ryari ririmo impunzi bararitwika, hapfiramo abantu bagera ku 7,000.

Nyuma, Kizito wari ufite urutonde rw’abagombaga kwicwa, yagenzuraga niba bose bapfuye. Uwo munsi, umuyobozi w’Interahamwe i Sovu, Adjudant Emmanuel Rekeraho, yagarutse n’ingabo ze kwica abari bagihari, maze Kizito amushishikariza kubarimbura. Abasigaye bagera ku 1,000 bishwe uwo munsi.

Tariki ya 5 Gicurasi 1994, Gertrude yandikiye Burugumesitiri wa Komini Huye, Jonathan Ruremesha, amusaba ubufasha bwo kwikiza impunzi. Ku wa 6 Gicurasi, yazanye abapolisi n’Interahamwe barica abasigaye. Nyuma ya Jenoside, Gertrude na Kizito bahungiye mu Bubiligi, barafatwa, bakatirwa igifungo cy’imyaka 15 na 12 mu 2001.

Pauline Nyiramasuhuko

Yavutse ku wa 1 Mata 1946, Nyiramasuhuko yari umwe mu bagize uruhare rukomeye muri Jenoside i Butare, ari Minisitiri w’Iterambere ry’Umuryango n’Abagore. Yahamwe n’icyaha cyo gushishikariza ingabo n’Interahamwe gufata ku ngufu no kwica abagore b’Abatutsi.

Yaburanishijwe n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR) i Arusha, maze mu 2011 akatirwa igifungo cya burundu. Yabaye umugore wa mbere wahamwe n’icyaha cya Jenoside n’icyaha cyo gukoresha gufata ku ngufu nk’intwaro ya Jenoside.

Mu rubanza rwe, byagaragajwe ko yasabye umuhungu we Arsène Shalom Ntahobari gutegura Interahamwe zo gufata ku ngufu abagore n’abakobwa. Yategekaga abantu kwiyambura mbere yo kubajyana kwicwa.

Beatrice Munyenyezi

Munyenyezi, washyikirijwe u Rwanda avanywe muri Amerika mu 2021, ni umukazana wa Nyiramasuhuko. Mu gihe cya Jenoside, yagenzuraga bariyeri iri imbere ya hoteli y’umuryango wabo i Butare, aho yatoranyaga abagore b’Abatutsi akabashyikiriza Interahamwe zikabafata ku ngufu mbere yo kubica.

Akekwaho ibyaha bya Jenoside, gutegura Jenoside, kuyigiramo uruhare no gushishikariza kuyikora.

Angelina Mukandutiye

Mukandutiye, uzwi nka “Inspectrice”, yari umuyobozi w’Interahamwe mu Mujyi wa Kigali mu 1994, akanagenzura ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi muri Kiyovu. Yagize uruhare mu bwicanyi bwabereye kuri CELA, kuri Paruwasi ya Ste Famille no kuri Centre St Paul.

Yakatiwe n’Inkiko Gacaca igifungo cy’imyaka 30 adahari. Kuri ubu arimo kuburanishwa mu Rukiko Rukuru i Kigali.

Valérie Bemeriki

Bemeriki yari umwe mu banyamakuru bakomeye ba RTLM, yagize uruhare rukomeye mu gukwirakwiza ubutumwa bushishikariza Jenoside. Yakatiwe igifungo cya burundu mu 2009, nyuma yo kwemera icyaha cyo gushishikariza ubwicanyi no kuba icyitso mu bwicanyi.

Thérèse Dusabe, “muganga w’urupfu”

Hari n’abandi bagore benshi bakoraga mu buvuzi bagize uruhare muri Jenoside, bicaga abarwayi cyangwa bafasha mu kubica. Muri bo harimo Thérèse Dusabe, wari umubyaza ku kigo nderabuzima cya Butamwa.

Yitwaga “muganga w’urupfu” kubera ubugome bwe, aho yicaga abagore batwite b’Abatutsi ndetse n’impinja. Mu 2009, yakatiwe igifungo cya burundu n’Inkiko Gacaca.

Mu gihe twibuka ku nshuro ya 32 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda, tugomba kwibuka ukuri kose, kuko kwemera amateka uko ari byo bidufasha kurinda ejo hazaza.