Uburezi bwagize uruhare mu gutuma urwego rw’ubuzima ruzamuka

Uko ubuzima buhagaze mu gihugu biba bifite aho bihurira n’urwego uburezi buriho. U Rwanda rwashoye cyane mu burezi, ibyo bituma umubare w’abazi gusoma no kwandika uzamuka uva kuri 56.7% mu 1992, ugera kuri 83.1% mu 2024.

Abaturage bajijutse bazi gusoma no kwandika, bumva neza amakuru ajyanye n’ubuzima bagafata ibyemezo byerekeye ubuzima bwabo bashingiye kuri ayo makuru ndetse bakagira uruhare mu ngamba zigamije gutuma bagira ubuzima bwiza n’imibereho myiza.

Muri urwo rwego rw’uburezi kandi, abarangiza kwiga za Kaminuza bariyongereye bava ku 2.870 mu 1995 bagera ku 431.606 mu 2022.

Uko kuzamuka k’urwego rw’uburezi, ni ko gutuma haboneka abakora mu rwego rw’ubuzima harimo abaganga, abaforomo, abashakashatsi, ibyo byose bikarushaho gufasha urwego rw’ubuzima gukora neza.

Imibare igaragaza ko impinduka zabaye mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi ahanini zijyana n’ubwishingizi bwo kwivuza, kuko abaturage bari bafite ubwishingizi bwo kwivuza mu Rwanda bari 2.6% gusa mu 1992, ariko mu mpera z’umwaka ushize wa 2023, umubare w’Abanyarwanda bafite ubwishingizi bwo kwivuza wari kuri 97.3%.

Abarangiza Kaminuza bakomeje kwiyongera

Uko kuba bafite ubwishingizi bwo kwivuza bituma utunguwe n’indwara yoroherwa no kwivuza kuko ikiguzi cy’ubuvuzi kiba ari gito, bigatuma urwaye atabanza kurembera mu rugo kandi ubuzima bwe akabugira nyambere.

Izo mpinduka zo mu rwego rw’ubuzima kandi ni zo zatumye icyizere cy’ubuzima ku Banyarwanda kizamuka, aho mu 1992 icyizere cyo kubaho (life expectancy) ku Munyarwanda cyari imyaka 53.7, kirazamuka kigera ku myaka 69.6 mu 2024, ibyo bikaba byaravuye ku kwiyongera kw’imitangire ya serivisi z’ubuzima, gukumira no kurwanya ibyorezo, kongera uburyo bufasha abaturage kwivuza no kubona imiti, ndetse n’ingamba zitandukanye igihugu gifata hagamijwe kuzamura urwego rw’ubuzima.

Umubare w’ibitaro wariyongereye uva ku bitaro 14 gusa, mu gihugu cyose mu 1993 bifite abaganga b’abanyamwuga 117, uwo mubare urazumuka ugera ku bitaro 52 mu 2024, n’abaganga b’abanyamwuga bagera ku 1.223.

Umubare w’inka mu Rwanda nawo warazamutse ku buryo wikubye hafi kane, kuko warazamutse uva ku nka 321.331 ugera ku nka Miliyoni 1.5 mu 2022. Uko kuzamuka k’urwego rw’ubworozi kandi kwatumye n’ubuhinzi buzamuka bugira uruhare mu gutuma haboneka ibiribwa bihagije ndetse bwinjiza n’amafanga mu gihugu biturutse mu bucuruzi bwo kohereza umusaruro hanze y’igihugu.

Indi mpinduka yabaye mu rwego rw’ubukungu ni ukwandikisha ubutaka no gutanga ibyangombwa byabwo. Nubwo nta mibare ihari izwi y’ubutaka bwari bwanditswe kugeza mu 1994, ariko imibare yo muri uyu mwaka wa 2024, igaragaza ko ubutaka bugera kuri 11.719,464 bwanditswe ndetse hatangwa ibyangombwa byabwo, ibyo bikaba bingana na 100% by’ubutaka bw’u Rwanda.

Gutanga ibyangombwa by’ubutaka ku baturage, byagize uruhare rukomeye mu iterambere ry’ubukungu , kuko bituma abaturage bashora imari mu butaka bwabo cyangwa se bakabukoresha nk’ingwate basaba inguzanyo muri za banki bagamije kwiteza imbere.

imihanda hirya no hino yahawe umuriro w’amashanyarazi

Mu rwego rw’iterambere ry’ibikorwaremezo, hari n’amatara yo ku mihanda y’u Rwanda nayo yariyongereye, kuko nubwo nta mibare ihari igaragaza uko imihanda yari iriho amatara mbere ya 1994, ariko ubu mu 2024, imihanda y’u Rwanda iriho amatara ibarirwa mu birometero 1.966 uwo akaba ari umuhigo ukomeye, kuko ayo matara yo ku mihanda agira uruhare mu kurinda umutekano, ndetse no mu iterambre kuko atuma abakora ubucuruzi butandukanye babukora amasaha menshi kurusha igihe amatara atari ahari ku mihanda.

Inzu zubakishije sima

Inzu z’abatishoboye 1991 - 2020

Inzu zo guturamo 1991 - 2022

Mu 1991, mu Rwanda habarurwaga 7,1% by’inzu zubakishije sima, kandi muri zo inyinshi zari ziganje mu mujyi wa Kigali no mu dusantire tw’ubucuruzi. Mu byaro henshi bakoreshaga ishwagara, ahandi bagakurungira n’amase, abandi bakibera muri nyakatsi. Kugeza mu 2022 imiryango ituye mu nzu za sima yabarirwaga muri 48,1% mu gihugu hose, inzu za nyakatsi zo ubu zamaze kuba amateka.

Inzu za sima, zaba iza kera cyangwa iz’ubu, nazo wasangaga ziri mu byiciro bitandukanye bitewe n’amikoro, ariko ubu mu gihugu hose hari inzu zubatse mu buryo bw’imidugudu nk’uko politike y’igihugu ibisaba, kandi n’abatari mu midugudu, abenshi bari mu nzu zubakishije sima nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza: 7,1% (1991), 48,1% (2022).

Abagerwaho n’amazi

Abaturage bagenda bagezwaho amazi hafi yabo

Mu Rwanda, mu 1991 abantu babashaga kubona amazi bari ku kigero cya 26,3%, ariko kugeza ubu amazi aragera kuri 87,4% by’abaturage. Kugira ngo iyo mibare izamuke ku buryo bufatika, byagombye imbaraga nyinshi uhereye ku mpinduka zagiye ziba mu kigo cy’igihugu cyari gishinzwe gukwirakwiza amazi n’amashanyarazi (EECTROGAZ 1976 - 2009), kugeza mu 2014 ubwo cyakorwagamo ibigo bibiri REG na WASAC hagamijwe kunoza no kugeza ibikorwa kuri benshi.

Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda hari inganda nini enye zitunganya amazi, zirimo urwa Nzonve II mu i Kanyinya mu karere ka Gasabo, rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya m3 105,000 zaje ziyongera kuri m3 15,000 zitangwa n’urwa Karenge mu Karere ka Rwamagana, na m3 25,000 zitangwa n’urwa Kimisagara mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Kuri uwo musaruro kandi, hiyongereyeho utangwa n’uruganda rushya rwa Kanzenze mu Karere ka Bugesera rufite ubushobozi bwo gutunganya m3 40,000 ku munsi, 30,000 zigakwirakwizwa mu Bugesera, 10,000 mu Mujyi wa Kigali.

Abagerwaho n’amashanyarazi

Imibare itangwa na Banki y’Isi, yerekana ko abantu bagerwagaho n’umuriro w’amashanyarazi mu Rwanda mu 1991 bari 2,4%, barazamuka bagera kuri 6% mu 2009, naho mu 2023 bagera kuri 74,$%.
Kugeza ubu u Rwanda rwagejeje amashanyarazi ku kigero cya 100% ku bigo nderabuzima n’inyubako z’ubuyobozi ku rwego rw’akarere no ku kigero cya 84% by’amashuri n’abafite ibikorwa biyabyaza umusaruro (ba rwiyemezamirimo bato n’abaciriritse).

Imihanda ya kaburimbo

U Rwanda rwa mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, by’umwihariko mu 1993, rwarangwaga n’ikirere cyuzuyemo umukungugu cyane cyane mu mpeshyi kubera ko imihanda myinshi yo mu nkengero z’umujyi no mu byaro nta kaburimbo yari irimo.

Mu bice hafi ya byose bikikije umujyi wa Kigali birimo imihanda irimo kaburimbo, hari n’imihanda mishya yaharuwe aho itari iri, ku buryo kugeza ubu muri 2024, mu gihugu hose hari imihanda ireshya na 2,652km yose irimo kaburimbo ivuye kuri 530km mu 1993.

Ubwikorezi

Ibikorwa byo gutwara abantu mu Rwanda nabyo bimaze gutera intambwe ishimishije cyane, kubera ko leta yakomoreye abikorera, ibaha umwanya wo kugira uruhare mu guteza imbere urwo rwego rw’ubucuruzi.

Mu Rwanda rwa mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, habaga ikigo kimwe rukumbi cyo gutwara abantu kitwaga ONATRACOM, cyari gifite bisi zo mu bwoko bwa Nissan na Fuji zabarirwaga muri 40 ahagana mu 1983 na bisi ntoya za Daihatsu 15. Nyuma ya Jenoside ni bwo haje bisi nshya zo mu bwoko bwitwa ISUZU.

Mu kazi ko gutwara abantu, ONATRACOM yunganirwaga n’imodoka nto z’abikorera, ariko nazo zitari zihagije, kuko wasangaga abantu bivanga n’amatungo n’imizigo, ab’intege nke bakahazaharira.

Kugeza mu 2016, ONATRACOM yari ikigerageza gukora ariko icumbagira cyane, ikunganirwa n’ibindi bigo by’abikorera byari bimaze kuba byinshi mu gihugu, kugeza ubwo yaje guseswa kubera kunanirwa kwishyura imyenda ya miliyari 4,6FRW. Bisi zayo zisaga 80 zari zitagikora zaje kugurishwa muri Kenya ahari ikoranabuhanga ryo kuvugurura imodoka zishaje.

ONATRACOM imaze guseswa yasimbuwe na RITCO, kimwe mu bigo 47 bitwara abantu u Rwanda rufite kugeza ubu, byose hamwe bifite imodoka 2,948 zirimo bisi nini n’intoya.

Hoteli zifite inyenyeri

Mu 1991, u Rwanda rwari rufite hoteli ebyiri gusa zifite inyenyeri (Hotel des Mille Collines na Hotel Meridien Umubano). Ariko kugeza mu 2022, mu gihugu habarirwaga hoteli 37 zifite inyenyeri, harimo izifite inyenyeri eshanu (Kigali Marriot Hotel, One&Only Gorilla’s Nest, Radisson Blu Hotel & Convention Centre n’izindi).

Andi makuru kuri Hoteli zifite inyenyeri kanda hano —>

Abakerarugendo

Ubukerarugendo ni rwo rwego nyamukuru rwinjiriza u Rwanda amadevize. Imibare itangwa n’Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Iterambere RDB, yerekana ko amadevize yinjiye yazamutse ku kigero cya 25% buri mwaka uhereye mu 2013-2018.

Ubukerarugendo kandi bugira uruhare nyamukuru mu guteza imbere ibyoherezwa hanze. Mu 2014 honyine, ubukerarugendo bwinjije miliyoni 305 z’amadolari y’Amerika. Ni mu gihe Raporo ya RDB yo mu 2023 yerekana ko ibyo ubukerarugendo bwinjije byazamutseho 36% bivuye kuri miliyoni 445$ mu 2022 bigera kuri miliyoni 620$ mu 2023 (angana hafi na miliyari 800FRW).

Uyu musaruro ukaba waraturutse ku mubare w’abakerarugendo basura u Rwanda wagiye wiyongera uko imyaka ishira indi igataha, kuko imibare ihari igaragaza ko mu 1988 u Rwanda rwasuwe na bamukerarugendo 32,000 ugereranyije na miliyoni 1,4 barusuye mu 2023.

Ingagi (Ifoto y’imva ya Dian Fossey 1985, n’iy’abakerarugendo basuye ingagi 2022)
Mu 1989, muri Parike y’Igihugu y’Ibirunga y’u Rwanda habarirwaga ingagi 355, ariko kugeza ubu imibare itangwa n’Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Iterambere (RDB), igaragaza ko mu 2024, mu Rwanda hari ingagi 1,000 harimo 604 zo mu Birunga.

Uku kwiyongera bikaba biterwa n’imbaraga zashyizwe mu gusigasira ingagi, by’umwihariko izo mu Birunga, kuko kugeza ubu zitakibarizwa ku rutonde rw’ibinyabuzima biri mu marembera, nk’uko byari byifashe mu myaka 21 ishize.

Imibare itangwa na RDB kandi, igaragza ko u Rwanda rwinjije Miliyoni 247 z’Amadolari ya Amerika mu mezi atandatu ya mbere ya 2023, aho yazamutse ku kigero cya 56% ugereranyije n’amezi atandatu ya 2022.

Abantu bavuga indimi zirenze rumwe

Mu 1991, haba mu nzego z’ubutegetsi, ubucuruzi, ubukerarugendo n’izindi, wasangaga abantu bari bashoboye kuvuga indimi zirenze rumwe ari mbarwa kuko bari ku kigero cya 8,3% ugereranyije na 24,8% mu 2024.

Iri terambere mu mikoreshereze y’indimi ryatewe n’uko mu Rwanda, uko imyaka yagiye ishira, haje amashuri yigenga, harimo n’ayo ku rwego mpuzamahanga yigisha mu Gifaransa no mu Cyongereza, amwe muri yo akigisha n’izindi ndimi ari nako hakenerwa abarimu bazi neza izo ndimi baba abo mu Rwanda cyangwa abaturutse hanze.

Raporo yakozwe na Banki y’Isi mu 2018, yagaragaje ko hakenewe cyane amahugurwa y’abarimu mu Cyongereza kuko 38% by’abigisha kuva mu wa mbere kugira mu wa gatatu ari bo bonyine bari bafite ubumenyi buhagije mu Cyongereza.

Abafite ubumuga bwo kutavuga no kumva, nabo kugeza ubu babasha gukurikira amakuru kuri televiziyo nyuma y’uko leta y’u Rwanda ishyizeho gahunda yo guhugura abanyamakuru mu gukoresha imvugo y’amarenga.

Mu Rwanda kandi hari amashuri yigisha indimi zitandukanye, zirimo, Igiswayili, Icyongereza, Igifaransa, Igishinwa, Ikidage, Igiporutigali, Icyesipanyole n’izindi.

Ingoro z’umurage

Kubera politike mbi yari ishingiye ku kugoreka amateka y’igihugu, mu Rwanda nta mbaraga zigeze zishyirwa mu kubungabunga amateka n’umurage by’igihugu. Mu 1990, u Rwanda rwari rufite inzu ndangamurage ebyiri gusa, nazo zitari zujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Iyamenyekanye cyane n’inzu ndangamurage w’u Rwanda ya Butare (Huye), yaje guhinduka Ingoro y’Umurage w’Amateka y’Imibereho y’Abanyarwanda. Indi ni ingoro y’umurage yitiriwe Richard Kandt umukoloni w’umudage (Nyarugenge-Kigali).

Kugeza ubu mu Rwanda hari ingoro z’umurage zikurikira:

1. Ingoro y’Umurage w’Amateka y’Imibereho y’Abanyarwanda
2. Ingoro y’Abami mu Rukari
3. Ingoro Ndangamurage yo Kwigira
4. Ingoro y’Umurage Yitiriwe Kandt
5. Ingoro y’Amateka y’Urugamba rwo Guhagarika Jenoside (Igizwe n’ibice bibiri)
6. Ingoro y’Ubuhanzi n’Ubugeni
7. Ingoro y’Umurage w’Ibidukikije
8. Ingoro y’Amateka y’Urugamba rwo Kubohora u Rwanda

Fungura —> hano urebe ibisobanuro n’amafoto bijyanye n’Ingoro n’Ahantu ndangamurage/ndangamateka

Abandi bagize uruhare muri iyi nkurur:

Anne Marie Niwemwiza
Jean de la Croix Tabaro
Fred Mwasa

Muri raporo yakoze nyuma y’urugendo rwe, Ndiaye yanditse ko inkambi ziri imbere mu Gihugu, zituyemo Abanyarwanda bari hagati y’ibihumbi 900 na Miliyoni. Icyo gihe hari hashize amezi abiri gusa Umuryango w’Abibumbye utangaje ko umubare w’abari baravuye mu byabo mu Rwanda (IDPs) wari hafi ibihumbi 350. Ibyo bivuze ko, mu byumweru umunani byonyine, Abanyarwanda bakomeje kumeneshwa no gukurwa mu byabo bakajya gutura mu nkambi bikubye inshuro zirenga ebyiri.

Icyo gihe ubuzima bwari bugoye, umutekano wari ntawo, imirire mibi yari yugarije abana bari munsi y’imyaka itanu, ariko n’abandi baturage bari mu nkambi babonaga amafunguro bigoranye ndetse hakaba n’ubwo bayabura. Si ibyo gusa ariko, kuko n’indwara ziterwa n’umwanda zari zarabibasiye.

Ngubwo ubuzima bamwe mu Banyarwanda bari barimo, ngiyo impumeko bari bafite, aho amahoro n’umutekano byari inzozi babona nk’izitazigera zisohora. Tubibutse ko ibyo bihe byakurikiwe na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, yagejeje u Rwanda mu majye, irutwara abantu n’ibintu, Igihugu gitemba imivu y’amaraso, hirya no hino huzuye imirambo n’amatongo.

Muri iyi nkuru ya kabiri y’umushinga wacu, tugiye kukwereka uko u Rwanda rwavuye ahabi haruta ahandi, rukubaka amahoro n’umutekano birambye imbere mu Gihugu, rukubaka igitinyiro n’icyubahiro mu ruhando rw’amahanga, rukanakomerezaho ibikorwa byo kubungabunga no kugarura amahoro mu bihugu binyuranye. U Rwanda kandi ubu ni iwabo w’abanyamahanga benshi bava mu bihugu byabo bagahitamo kuza gutura mu Rwanda.

Amahoro n’umutekano byaragarutse

Abanyarwanda bari impunzi mu gihugu cyabo imbere, basubijwe mu byabo maze inkambi zose zifungwa mu 1995 nk’uko byatangajwe n’ibiro by’umuryango w’abibumbye byari bishinzwe ibikorwa by’ubutabazi mu Rwanda, tariki 5 Nyakanga 1995.

Gusa, mu gihe abantu bari babonye agahenge, mu mwaka wa 1998, abacengezi bateye igihugu bibasira ibice by’amajyaruguru n’uburengerazuba maze abanyarwanda batari bacye bongera kuzinga uturago, berekeza mu nkambi bongera kuba impunzi mu gihugu cyabo.

Icyakora ibyo ntibyatinze cyane kuko mu mwaka wa 2000 umutekano wari wagarutse, ndetse n’abaturage basubira mu byabo.

Igihugu cy’abihebye cyahindutse icy’umudendezo

Umutekano imbere mu gihugu wabaye uwa bose, umubare w’abanyamahanga bari mu Rwanda wikubye inshuro zirenga ebyiri, tutibagiwe n’impunzi zirenga 130,000 zicumbikiwe mu Rwanda. Ibi bishimangira ko u Rwanda ari igihugu gitekanye kandi cyakira abakigana kitarobanuye.

Umugore ku isonga

U Rwanda ubu ni igihugu giteza imbere umugore. Imibare yerekana ko mu mwaka wa 1993 abagore bari mu nteko ishinga amategeko bari 14.9% by’umubare w’abaturage bari batuye igihugu icyo gihe, ariko ubu bageze kuri 61%. Ibi bishyira u Rwanda mu bihugu byimakaje ihame ry’uburinganire mu ruhando mpuzamahanga.

Ububanyi n’amahanga bwashinze imizi

Mu 1988 u Rwanda rwari rufite ambasade 11 gusa hirya no hino ku isi, ariko ubu zabaye 49 ndetse urugendo rurakomeje. Si ibyo gusa kandi kuko ubu u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu byubashywe kandi bifite ijambo ku isi. Urwanda kandi ruri mu miryango mpuzamahanga ikomeye ndetse imwe ruranayiyoboye. Aha twavuga nk’umunyarwandakazi Madamu Louise Mushikiwabo, Umunyamabanga Mukuru w’Umuryango w’Ibihugu bikoresha Igifaransa (Francophonie).

Uwari umunyantege nke ubu ni we utabara abandi

Mu 1994 nta hantu na hamwe u Rwanda rwatangaga umusanzu mu kugarura amahoro cyane ko na rwo ubwarwo ntayo rwari rufite. Uyu munsi u Rwanda rufite ingabo zigera ku 5,929 ziri hirya no hino mu bikorwa byo kugarura no kubungabunga amahoro kandi rubishimirwa n’abatari bacye barimo n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye.

Imibare irivugira

Iki cyegeranyo ntikivuga imibare gusa ahubwo kiravuga akariho. Kirerekana ishusho y’ubudaheranwa, kwiyubaka n’agaciro k’Umunyarwanda n’ak’Igihugu.

Iyi mibare irerekana ko u Rwanda rwageze kure habi ariko ko rutahezeyo, ahubwo rwahavuye rukiyubaka ndetse rukaba rurimo gutanga n’umusanzu mu kubaka ibindi bihugu.
Iyi mibare kandi irerekana ahazaza heza ku gihugu nk’u Rwanda n’Abanyarwanda, twese tubigizemo uruhare.

Reka nongere ngire nti: icara neza wegame maze usome, ucurure wongere usome.

Muryoherwe kandi biracyaza !!!

Abandi bagize uruhare kuri iyi nkuru:

Fred Mwasa
Tabaro Jean de la Croix
Daniel Sabiti
David Rutaganda
Cyrien Akayezu

Ibi byegeranyo bishingiye ku mibare mpamo, bikaba bigaruka ku bice byose by’ubuzima, ariko uyu munsi tukaba tugiye guhera ku bukungu.

Umusogongero ku iterambere ry’u Rwanda

Mu ncamake, iterambere ry’u Rwanda ryareberwa mu bihe bibiri by’ingenzi; hagati ya 1962 na 1994 ndetse n’igihe cy’imyaka 30 iri hagati ya 1995 na 2024.

Kuva ku gusabiriza kugera ku bukungu bugabye amashami: Mu 1989, u Rwanda rwohereje mu mahanga amabuye y’agaciro yinjije amadovize angana na miliyoni 2.5, ariko mu 2023, u Rwanda rwakubye uyu musaruro inshuro amagana, aho rwinjije amadovize miliyari 1.1 y’Amadolari. Iterambere nk’iri rigaragaza ko ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwagabye amashami.

Uburezi nk’imwe mu nkingi z’iterambere:

Kugera mu 1994, Abanyarwanda bari bamaze kurangiza kaminuza bari 2870. Nyamara uyu munsi, uyu mubare wikubye inshuro amagana ugera ku 431,606 (mu 2022)

Imihanda bivuze iterambere:

Igihugu kitagira imihanda, ntikigire uburyo bwo gutwara abantu buhamye, ubuhahirane buragorana, ibyo bigatuma abakora ingendo ndende babura uko bagira uretse kurara nzira, ugize amahirwe akurira ikamyo itwaye imizigo mu mihanda mibi ishobora no gushyira ubuzima bwe mu kaga.

Mu 1993, u Rwanda rwari rufite ibirometero 530 by’imihanda ya kaburimbo. Uyu munsi, imihanda ya kaburimbo yariyongereye igera ku birometero 2,652 ibi bikaba byoroshya ubuhahirane n’iterambere.

Ubuvuzi kuri bose:

Kugera mu 1994, Abanyarwanda 2.6% ni bo bari bafite ubwishingizi mu kwivuza. Ibyo bisobanuye ko ubuvuzi bukomeye bw’umuntu urembye bwashoboraga gusiga umuryango mu bukene, cyangwa se akanapfa atarabuhabwa. Uyu munsi, Abanyarwanda 97.3% bafite ubwishingizi mu kwivuza, ibi bikaba bivuze ko ntawe ukirembera mu rugo. Kuba serivisi z’ubuvuzi zariyongereye ndetse zikegerezwa rubanda na byo bisobanuye ubuzima buzira umuze n’icyizere kirambye cy’ahazaza.

Kwandikisha ubutaka:

Mbere ya 1994, umutungo w’ubutaka mu Rwanda warimo ibibazo byinshi kuko butabaga bwanditse, ku buryo byari isoko y’amakimbirane adashira. Kugeza muri uyu mwaka wa 2024, ibyangombwa by’ubutaka miliyoni 11.7 bimaze gutangwa, bikaba byarazanye umutuzo mu Banyarwanda.

U Rwanda, Igihugu cyihagazeho

Niba ushaka kumva iterambere ry’u Rwanda, fata u Buyapani nyuma y’Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi. Igihugu cy’u Buyapani cyasenywe n’intambara, ariko ubu cyabaye ikigega cy’Isi. Nubwo wenda ubukungu bwabo n’ubw’u Rwanda bitangana, u Rwanda ni Igihugu kimaze kwandika amateka nk’Igihugu kidasanzwe kandi cyihuta mu iterambere.

Iyi ni inkuru y’u Rwanda, kandi tuguhaye ikaze muri uru rugendo rutangaje.

Icara wegame, ubundi usome kandi uryoherwe!

Mu gukora iyi nkuru twifashishije:

• Ibarura Rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire ryo mu 1991
• Ibarura Rusange ry’Ubuzima 1992
• Ibarura Rusange ry’Abaturage n’Imiturire 2022
• Raporo za Banki y’Isi
• Raporo z’Ikigega cy’Isi cy’Imari
• Inyandiko z’ubushakashatsi
• Ibinyamakuru

Abandi bagize uruhare muri iyi nkuru:

Tabaro Jean de la Croix
Sabiiti Daniel
Fred Mwasa
Gasana Marcellin