Ibikorwa bya Kaminuza ya Gitwe byahagaritswe na Minisiteri y’Uburezi nyuma y’aho Inama Nkuru y’Uburezi (HEC) itangiye raporo igaragaza imikorere mibi y’iyo Kaminuza, yatumye inanirwa gutanga uburezi bufite ireme, ikananirwa kwishyura abarimu mbere gato y’uko icyorezo cya Covid-19 kigera mu Rwanda.

Ibindi byasabwaga n’itsinda rishinzwe ubugenzuzi byarangije kuzuzwa, ubu abayobozi bari aho iryo shuri riherereye bashobora kwemeza ko rizafungura imiryango nirimara kwishyura ibirarane by’imishahara y’abakozi.

Kayitesi Alice, Guverineri w’ Intara y’Amajyepfo, nyuma yo kwikorera ubugenzuzi bwe akanakorana inama n’ubuyobozi bw’iyo Kaminuza mu ntangiriro z’iki cyumweru, yagize icyo avuga.

Yagize ati “Mu nama bemeye ko bagiye kwishyura ibirarane bya Miliyoni 216 z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda. Icyo ni cyo kibazo gikomeye bagomba kubanza gukemura niba bashaka kongera gutangira ibikorwa byabo. Muri iki gihe barimo gukorana na ‘Banque Populaire’ ngo ibahe inguzanyo bishyure ibyo birarane by’imishahara. Ubu sinshobora gutangaza igihe iyo Kaminuza izemererwa gufungura, ariko ndizera ko ari vuba cyane”.

Guverineri Kayitesi yongeyeho ko Kaminuza ya Gitwe ari ingenzi cyane ku bayituriye mu bijyanye na ‘business’ ku buryo kongera gufungura kwayo bizakiranwa yombi n’abaturage.

Gusa Guverineri Kayitesi yavuze ko iyo kaminiza izafungura idafite amashami abiri ari yo ‘Biomedical Laboratory Sciences’ na ‘Medicine and Surgery’ (amashami y’iby’ubuganga) yafunzwe na Minisiteri y’Uburezi na ‘HEC’.

Ayo mashami abiri yafunzwe ku itariki 29 Mutarama 2019, nyuma y’uko ‘HEC’ ikoze igenzura (comprehensive external Audit ‘CEA’) muri Werurwe 2017, ikagira ibyo ibasaba kuzuza bitandukanye.

Nyuma mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru, ku wa kabiri tariki 29 Mutarama 2019, Dr Mutimura Eugène wari Minisitiri w’Uburezi icyo gihe, yavuze ko iryo shuri ritigeze rikora ibyo ryasabwe gukora muri iryo genzura, bityo yanzura ko ayo mashami afunzwe burundu.

Mu bindi Minisitiri yavuze byatumye bafunga ayo mashami harimo kuba “Abanyeshuri biga iby’ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi bwa Laboratwari batabona uko bimenyereza umwuga wabo uko bikwiriye”.

Nk’uko Guverineri Kayitesi abivuga, Kaminuza ya Gitwe ifite amahirwe menshi yo kongera kwiyubaka kubera abanyeshuri benshi bakeneye serivisi zayo z’uburezi.

Yagize ati “Twagiriye inama ubuyobozi bw’iyo Kaminuza ko bashaka abafatanyabikorwa mu iterambere. Ntibashingira ku mafaranga y’ishuri yishyurwa n’abanyeshuri gusa. Amashami ya Siyansi yafunzwe ntazafungurwa kugeza igihe bazuzuriza ibyo bagiriwemo inama na HEC”.

Abayobozi b’iyo Kaminuza ya Gitwe bahamirije Kigali Today ko barimo kureba uko bakwishyura ibirarane by’imishahara, ku buryo bakwemererwa gufungura vuba.

Ni inyubako y’amagorofa ane, igabanyijemo ‘blocks’ ebyiri, ikaba izakira abanyeshuri bagera kuri 920, ndetse ikaba inafite ibintu by’ibanze nk’aho barira, ibikoni, ahagenewe imyidagaduro, aho kuruhukira ndetse na parikingi yakira imodoka ijana.

Buri cyumba cyo kuraramo cyo muri iyo nyubako, kizaba kirimo ibitanda bine ndetse n’akabaraza.

Mugabe Joshua ushinzwe gukurikirana ibijyanye n’izo nyubako yagize ati “Ibikorwa byo kubaka bizaba byarangiye muri Gicurasi uyu mwaka. Ubu turi mu cyiciro gisoza cyo gushyiramo amashanyarazi”.

Ishuri ry’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro

Ayo macumbi ni igice kimwe cy’Umushinga wa Kaminuza y’u Rwanda ufite agaciro ka Miliyoni 40 z’Amadolari, umushinga wo kubaka icyicaro gikuru cya Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, n’ishuri ry’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ubumenyi bw’imiterere y’ubutaka (Geology).

Mu nyandiko Kaminuza y’u Rwanda yasobanuye ko “Impamvu yo gushyiraho iryo shuri ari uko byamaze kugaragara ko rizagira uruhare mu iterambere ry’ubukungu, rizamura igice cy’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro. Ikindi kandi ngo iryo shuri, biteganyijwe ko rizaba ishuri ry’icyitegererezo mu Karere mu bijyanye n’amasomo y’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro n’ubumenyi bw’imiterere y’ubutaka”.

U Rwanda ruzwiho kuba rukize ku mabuye y’agaciro, biryo iryo shuri ryari rikenewe. Abubatse iryo shuri barihaye ishusho igaragaza aho bacukura amabuye y’agaciro, ku buryo uryinjiramo aba asa n’uwinjira mu kirombe gicukurwamo amabuye y’agaciro.

U Rwanda nk’igihugu gifite amabuye y’agaciro, rukomeje gushaka abantu bazajya bayacukura bikozwe kinyamwuga.

Hari imishinga y’iki Kigo yadindiye kubera Covid-19

Mu mishinga yadindijwe n’icyo cyorezo, harimo uwo kwagura icyo kigo no kucyongerera ubushobozi.

Kucyagura bivuze kubaka ibyumba 16 bikorerwamo igerageza rijyanye na porogaramu za mudasobwa (coding laboratories) bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 6.5 z’Amadolari ya America.

Izo laboratwari zagombaga gutangira kubakwa mu mwaka ushize wa 2020, aho mu kigo cya ‘Rwanda Coding Academy’ giherereye mu Karere ka Nyabihu mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba , ariko kubera icyorezo cya Covid-19 n’ubu ntiziratangira kubakwa.

Ni Laboratwari 16 zizukwa ku bufatanye n’IKigo cy’ubutwererane mpuzamahanga cya Koreya (KOICA), nk’uko bitangazwa na Niyigena Papius, ushinzwe iterambere ry’imishinga muri Rwanda Coding Academy.

Aganira na Kigali Today Niyigena yagize ati “Abanyeshuri bafite ubuzima bwiza kandi bariga neza, ariko covid-19 yadindije imwe mu mishinga yari yitezweho kuzamura ibijyanye na ‘coding’, harimo kubaka laboratwari 16 za zizubakwa ku bufatanye na ‘KOICA”.

Yongeraho ati “Ndatekereza ko uwo uzaba ari umushinga munini mu bijyanye na porogaramu zo muri mudasobwa. Izo laboratwari zizajya zifasha abanyeshuri gukora imishinga itandukanye, nko kuburira ba nyirurugo, bakamenya uko abashyitsi babagendereye bameze, ibyo bigakorwa hifashishijwe Internet n’ibindi.”

Ikigo cya ‘Rwanda coding academy’ cyatangiye muri 2019, gitangirana abanyeshuri 60 harimo abakobwa 30 n’abahungu 30. Icyo kigo cyakiriye abanyeshuri bari barangije icyiciro rusange cy’amashuri (tronc-commun), bakaba baratsinze neza Imibare, Ubugenge n’Icyongereza.

Nk’uko Niyigena abivuga, biteganyijwe ko abo banyeshuri bose uko ari 60, umwaka utaha mbere y’uko basoza amasomo yabo kuko azamara imyaka itatu, bazabanza kujya muri Korea y’Epfo, mu rugendo rujyanye no kwimenyereza ibyo biga (internship studies).

Abanyeshuri basubiye ku ishuri nyuma yo kumara amezi umunani bari mu kiruhuko

Umwaka w’amashuri utangiye, abanyeshuri bagiye ku mashuri uko byari biteganijwe, bamwe bagera ku mashuri bitwaje amafaranga y’ishuri (minerval), abandi bagera ku bigo abana bigaho gusaba igihe cyo kuba babihanganiye kuko batarayabona.

Kugeza tariki 14 Werurwe 2020,ubwo icyorezo cya Covid-19, ubundi abantu bumvaga ko iri kure cyane, yageraga mu Rwanda, hari amwe mu mashuri yari atararangiza kwishyuza amafaranga y’ishuri ku banyeshuri bose.

Bigitangira, nta muntu wiyumvishaga ko icyo cyorezo cya Covid-19 cyahungabanya n’amashuri. Ariko mu gihe gito byahise bigaragara ko kizagira ingaruka zikomeye ku burezi.

Tariki 16 Werurwe 2020, Minisiteri y’uburezi yabonye ko bihenze cyane kugumisha abanyeshuri ku mashuri mu gihe cy’icyorezo cya Covid-19 kuruta uko bagaruka mu miryango yabo.

Abanyeshuri batashye muri Werurwe bateganya ko bazahita bagaruka ku ishuri vuba nyamara si ko byagenze

Itangazo ryahise risohorwa ribwira abanyeshuri kutazagaruka ku mashuri kugeza igihe bazamenyesherezwa,nyuma umunsi wakurikiyeho,imodoka zari zagiye kuzana abanyshuri zibakura ku mashuri zibajyana mu miryango yabo, kugira birinde ikwarakwira rya Covid-19.

Nyuma y’icyumweru,umwanzuro wari wamaze gufatwa ko abantu bose bagomba kuguma mu ngo n’abana bakagumana n’ababyeyi babo amasaha yose y’umunsi n’iminsi yose y’icyumweru.

Mu cyumweru cya mbere, abanyeshuri bari mu rugo ntacyo bakora, ariko nyuma Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe uburezi (REB) ndetse na Minisiteri y’uburezi batangiye gushaka uko abanyeshuri n’abarimu batatandukana burundu n’ubwo hari icyo cyorezo.

Ni uko hatekerejwe gukoresha uburyo bwo kwiga hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rya interineti(E-learning), nubwo yaje ibiciro bya interineti byaje kugorana, ariko gahunda zo kwigisha kuri televiziyo na radiyo zo zarakomeje.

Nyuma yo kubona ko COVID-19 itarangira burundu, hashyizweho ingamba z’uburyo bwo kwirinda icyo cyorezo, amashuri arasubukurwa, abanyeshuri basubira ku ishuri

Dr. Irénée Ndayambaje, wahoze ari Umuyobozi mukuru wa REB, yabwiye KigaliToday ko gahunda yashyizwe kuri YouTube, ‘Youtube channel’ igamije gufasha abanyeshuri gukomeza kwiga no mu gihe cy’icyorezo.

Dr Ndayambaje yagize ati, “amasomo ashyirwaho aturuka mu mashuri atandukanye.N’abarimu bashobora kuyigiramo,bakareba uko abandi bategura amasomo”.

Muri icyo gihe byari byanzuwe ko amashuri afunga, abarimu benshi bo mu mashuri yigenga,bahagarikiwe amasezerano y’akazi, kuko ba nyir’ibigo by’amashuri bavugaga ko hari ikibazo cy’amikoro.Abo barimu bagerageje gukomanga hirya no hino ngo bumvikanishe ikibazo cyabo ariko wari umurimo utoroshye.

Ku kibazo cy’abarimu bo mu bigo by’amashuri byigenga bahise birukanwa ku kazi, Dr Uwamariya Valentine, Minisitiri w’uburezi yagize ati, “Ibigo by’amashuri byisnhi byahise byirukana abakozi babyo kubera ibibazo by’amikoro,ariko icyo ngo si cyo cyari igisubizo gikwiriye,ahubwo ibyo bigo ngo bashoboraga kugana ikigega cya Leta gishinzwe kuzahura imari,kikabafasha bagakomeza guhemba abarimu babo”.

Dr Uwamariya Valentine

Bidatinze, u Rwanda rwabonye uko icyorezo kimeze, rutangira gutegura uburezi buzakomeza nubwo icyorezo cyaba kigihari. Icya mbere cyakozwe ni ukubaka ibyumba by’amashuri bishya bigera ku 22.505 hirya no hino mu gihugu,intego ikaba ari ukugira ngo mu cyumba cy’ishuri hajye hicaramo umubare w’abanyeshuri umwarimu ashobora kuvuga bakamwumva, kandi bicaya bahanye intera mu rwego rwo kwirinda icyorezo cya Covid-19 .

Mu rwego rwo kwitegura gukomeza amasomo mu gihe cy’icyorezo kandi, Leta yahise itangira gushaka abarimu bashya. Abagera ku bihumbi makumyabiri n’icyenda (29000) bakora ikizamini kijyanye no kwigisha.

Ibyo byose byakorwaga mu rwego rwo kugira ngo amashuri nafungura Covid-19 igabanutse, hatazagira ikiyarogoya. Muri Kanama 2020, nibwo hatangiye kumvikana ibihuha by’amatariki amashuri azafunguriraho.Inama y’Abaminisitiri yateranye ntacyo yabivuzeho icyo gihe,ariko uko ibindi bikorwa byagenda bifungurwa n’amashuri yaje kongerwa mu mubare w’ibyo inama y’Abaminisitiri yagombaga kwigaho niba yafungurwa.

Ubwo hahise hatangira igenzura mu bigo by’amashuri, bareba uko ibigo byiteguye.Nyuma bidatinze amashuri yemerewe kongera gufungura ariko mu byiciro bitandukanye.

Mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 2020,itangira ry’amashuri ryahereye mu mashuri makuru mpuzamahanga akorera mu Rwanda harimo African Leadership University (ALU), African Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS), Rwanda Institute for Conservation Agriculture (RICA), Carnegie Mellon University-Africa (CMU-Africa), University of Global Health Equity (UGHE) ndetse na Oklahoma Christian University.

Ku itariki 2 Ugushyingo 2020, hatangiye icyiciro cya kabiri kigizwe n’izindi Kaminuza,n’ibindi bigo bahereye ku banyeshuri bo mu mwaka wa gatatu, uwa kane n’uwa gatanu.

Muri icyo cyiciro kandi harimo n’abashuri bo mu mashuri abanza mu myaka yo hejuru, ndetse no mu mashuri yisumbuye naho mu myaka yo hejuru, amashuri yigisha imyuga ‘TVET’ n’abari mu myaka yo hejuru (upper level), ndetse n’amashuri nderabarezi(TTCs). Ubu abagitegereje ni abiga mu mashuri y’incuke ndetse no mu mashuri abanza mu myaka yo hasi.

Ubundi byari bimenyerewe ko iyo abanyeshuri bavuye mu biruhuko, baza bahoberana, ariko ubu icyorezo cyarababujije, kuko ubu ntibemerewe gukoranaho,ibwiriza ryo guhana intera rirubahirizwa guhera mu rugo kugera mu ishuri ndetse no kuva mu ishuri kugera aho abanyeshuri barara ndetse n’ahandi hose.

N’izindi ngamba zo kwirinda Covid-19, harimo gukaba intoki n’amazi meza kandi kenshi,kwambara agapfukamunwa,byose birubahirizwa ku mashuri.

Mu gihe cy’akaruhuka ka saa yine, abanyeshuri bemerewe gusohoka bakinanura,bakaganira bahanye intera,kuko baba bagenzurwa kugira ngo bakomeze kubahiriza ingamba zo kwirinda,iminota y’akaruhuko yarangira bagasubira mu ishuri.

Umutaboba Gerardine,umwarimu wigisha ubutabire ku ishuri rya Groupe Scolaire Protestant riherereye mu Murenge wa Remera mu Mujyi wa Kigali yagize ati,“ Twashimishijwe no kubona ukuntu abanyeshuri biteguye,bose batugeraho bambaye udupfukamunwa kandi ubona baratumenyereye ndetse no guhana intera barabyubahiriza.”

Umutaboba yongeraho ko kwigisha, uvugira mu gapfukamunwa bitoroshye, ariko kuko nta yandi mahitamo uretse gukomeza kwirinda icyorezo cya Covid-19, barigisha banambaye agapfukamunwa.

Yagize ati, “ Kugira ngo twumvikane n’abanyeshuri neza, bisaba gukomeza kuzenguruka mu ishuri, turabikora,ariko tukibuka gusiga intera hagati yacu”.

Ese umutekano w’ubuzima bw’abanyeshuri urizewe?

Kugira ngo hizerwe ko abanyeshuri bameze neza, mu kwezi k’Ugushyingo hagati, Minisiteri y’ubuzima yakoze gahunda yo gupima abanyeshuri ku mashuri,basanga hari umubare muto cyane w’abanyeshuri banduye Covid-19 kuva amashuri yafungura imiryango.

Gusa Minisiteri y’ubuzima yatangaje ko abo banyeshuri basanganywe Covid-19,bazavurirwa ku mashuri.

Dr Nsanzimana Sabin, Umuyobozi mukuru w’ikigo cy’ubuzima(RBC) yagize ati, “Mu mashuri 70, arindwi gusa niyo yabonetsemo umunyeshuri umwe cyangwa babiri banduye Covid-19 ”.

Ubu abanyeshuri batangiye ukwezi kwa kabiri biga, ariko hari za Kaminuza n’amashuri makuru atarafunguye,muri yo harimo ‘Christian University of Rwanda’, ‘Indangaburezi College of Education’, nk’uko bivugwa na Minisiteri y’uburezi,kudafungura bikaba byaratewe n’uko ayo mashuri yagize ibibazo bituma batuzuza ireme ry’uburezi.

Andi mashuri makuru yafunzwe harimo Kaminuza ya Kibungo (University of Kibungo ‘UNIK’), ndetse na (Kigali institute of Management ‘KIM’), Kaminuza ya Kigali (University of Kigali), ikaba yarahise yihutira kugura aho ‘KIM’ yakoreraga kugira ngo yagure ibikorwa byayo.

Bamwe mu banyeshuri bigaga muri Kaminuza zafunzwe, ubu baracyashakishwa izindi Kaminuza zibakira n’ubwo Minisiteri y’uburezi yari yasabye ko bakoroherezwa kubona aho biga.

Kaminuza ya KIM iri mu zafunze imiryango

Muri uyu mwaka, hari abahaniwe ibyaha ndetse n’amakosa atandukanye harimo,Munyakazi Isaac wari umunyamabanga wa Leta ushinzwe amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye.Munyakazi yahanishijwe igihano cyo gufungwa imyaka icumi (10), kuko yahamwe n’icyaha cyo kwakira ruswa mu gihe cyo gukora urutonde rw’uko amashuri yatsinze ibizamini bya Leta.

Hari kandi Ndayambaje Irenee n’abamwungirije babiri bahagaritswe ku mirimo yabo kubera gutinza gahunda yo gushaka abarimu no kubashyira mu myanya.

Dr. Emmanuel Muvunyi, wahoze ari umuyobozi mukuru w’inama nkuru y’uburezi (Higher Education Council ‘HEC’), nawe yirukanywe ku kazi, nyuma ashyirwa no ku rutonde rw’abatemerewe kuzongera kubona akazi muri Leta.

Mu bijyanye n’abigiye mu myanya, Dr Valentine Uwamariya yasimbuye Eugene Mutimura ku mwanya wa Minisitiri w’uburezi, ndetse na Twagirayezu Gaspard, wagizwe umunyamabanga wa Leta ushinzwe amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye na Irere Claudette, ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga ‘ICT’ n’amashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro ‘TVET’. Dr. Rose Mukankomeje yasimbuye Emanuel Muvunyi ku buyobozi bwa ‘HEC’.

Kuri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda(UR), Dr. Philip Cotton yarangije manda ye nk’umuyobozi wungirije, nyuma gato y’uko yari amaze kubona ubwenegihugu bw’u Rwanda naho Dr. Charles Murigande yagiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru yari ari ku mwanya w’umuyobozi wungirije ‘Deputy Vice-Chancellor’ muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda.

Imwe mu nyubako zikoreramo Kaminuza y’u Rwanda

Ni ukuvuga ko iyo umunyeshuri atsinzwe, bikaba ngombwa ko asibira mu mwaka yari arimo, ntabwo Leta iwumwishyurira ahubwo we arawiyishyurira, noneho yatsinda akongera akandika asaba ko Leta yakongera ikamwishyurira mu yindi myaka asigaje kwiga.

Nk’uko bivugwa na Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, abanyeshuri 25 biga mu bijyanye n’imicungire y’imari (Finance and Business Management) bajuririye icyo cyemezo, basaba Kaminuza y’u Rwanda n’Inama Nkuru y’Uburezi ko cyahinduka nyuma y’uko batsinzwe amasomo yabo umwaka ushize.

Ubujurire bwabo bwakozwe muri Gashyantare uyu mwaka, mbere gato y’uko igihugu cyose kijya muri gahunda ya ‘Guma mu rugo’ kubera icyorezo cya COVID-19. Gusa na nyuma y’uko amashuri yongeye gufungura, icyemezo cy’uko abanyeshuri batsinzwe bagomba kwiyishyurira umwaka wo gusibira cyagumyeho.

Mushabe Samuel ushinzwe ibijyanye no kwandika abanyeshuri muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda yagize ati “Abanyeshuri bandikiye Kaminuza y’u Rwanda ibaruwa y’ubujurire nyuma y’uko batsinzwe.Natwe twandikiye ibaruwa Inama Nkuru y’Uburezi tubakorera ubuvugizi. Ubwo busabe twakoze bushobora kwemerwa cyangwa se ntibwemerwe. Ariko twe uruhande turiho, ni uko abanyeshuri bagomba kubanza gutsinda ibizamini kugira ngo Leta ikomeze kubishyurira buruse”.

Ku rundi ruhande, Dr Rose Mukankomeje, Umuyobozi mukuru w’Inama Nkuru y’Uburezi, ubwo yari mu kiganiro ‘ubyumva ute’ cya KT Radio ku wa Gatatu tariki 25 Ugushyingo 2020, yavuze ko batakwica amategeko ngo bakomeze kwishyurira abanyeshuri batsinzwe.

Yagize ati “Ntiwatubwira ngo twice amategeko, iyi nguzanyo ihabwa abanyeshuri nyuma y’uko biyemeje ko bagomba gutsinda ibizamini byabo, kugira ngo Banki y’Iterambere y’u Rwanda (BRD) ikomeze kubishyurira.

Yongeyeho ko Iyo umunyeshuri atsinzwe ikizamini, buruse iba ihagaze kugeza mu mwaka ukurikiyeho mu gihe umunyeshuri yatsinze neza akongera agasaba buruse.

Buri mwaka, Kaminuza y’u Rwanda ikora urutonde rw’abanyeshuri batsinze neza ibizamini, havuyemo amazina y’abatsinzwe. Urwo rutonde Kaminuza irushyikiriza ubuyobozi bwa HEC, na yo ikarufataho imyanzuro ishyikirizwa BRD kuko ari yo yahawe inshingano zo kwishyura buruse za Leta zihabwa abanyeshuri guhera mu mwaka wa 2015.

Kaminuza y’u Rwanda ivuga ko abo banyeshuri 25 atari bo bonyine batsinzwe ibizamini, ahubwo ngo ni uko ari bo bagize ishyaka ryo kugerageza gusaba ko habaho impinduka kugira ngo bibafashe kuko batsinzwe ibizamini.

Dr Mukankomeje yagize ati “Abanyeshuri bavuga ko bafite ikibazo ni abatsinzwe ibizamini. Nta buruse bazabona, keretse nibatsinda uyu mwaka neza, hanyuma bakongera bakandika basaba buruse umwaka utaha”.

Yongeraho ko Buruse ihabwa abanyeshuri ituruka mu misoro y’abaturage, bityo ko abanyeshuri batagombye kuyikerensa.

Abasabye kuba abarimu aha bari mu kizamini cyanditse

Kuba icyiciro cya mbere cyo gushaka abarimu no kubashyira mu myanya cyarangiye, byatangarijwe mu kiganiro kigenewe abanyamakuru cyabereye ku cyicaro cya Minisiteri y’Uburezi, ku wa 16 Ugushyingo 2020.

Abarimu bamaze gushyirwa mu myanya mu mashuri abanza ni 3,732 mu gihe muri rusange hakenewe abarimu 18, 039 bivuze ko hari abandi bagikenewe bagera ku 14,307 bazakomeza gushakwa no gushyirwa mu myanya mu gihe kizaza.

Mu mashuri yisumbuye, abarimu bamaze gushyirwa mu myanya ni 2,673 mu gihe muri rusange hakenewe abarimu bagera ku 6,371, ibyo bivuze ko hari abarimu 3,698 bakibura, bazashakwa bagashyirwa mu myanya.

Mu mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyi-ngiro (Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET)), abarimu bamaze gushyirwa mu myanya yo kwigisha mu bigo basabye kwigishamo ni 336.

Nk’uko bitangazwa na Minisiteri y’Uburezi, muri rusange abarimu bashya bashyizwe mu myanya mu mashuri y’incuke, abanza, ayisumbuye ndetse n’ay’imyuga n’ubumenyi-ngiro, ni 6,741.

Dr Valentine Uwamariya Minisitiri w’Uburezi yagize ati “Gushaka abarimu no kubashyira mu myanya, byaratinze ariko ubu byarakunze kandi byagenze neza. Abarimu bashyizwe mu myanya hagendewe ku mashuri basabye kwigishaho ndetse n’uturere batuyemo. Mbere gushyira abarimu mu myanya byarimo ibibazo, ariko byarakosowe, ubu abarimu bamaze kugera mu mashuri yabo”.

Dr. Uwamariya yavuze ko “Ibintu byose byakosowe, mu gihe amashuri yitegura kwakira icyiciro cya kabiri cy’abanyeshuri n’abarimu biteguye kubakira.”

Biteganyijwe ko tariki 23 Ugushyingo 2020, ari bwo abanyeshuri mu mwaka wa kane w’amashuri abanza, n’abo mu mashuri yisumbuye mu mwaka wa mbere, uwa kabiri n’uwa gatatu bazatangira amasomo. Abo bazaza, mu gihe ikindi cyiciro cyatangiye amasomo guhera tariki 02 Ugushyingo 2020.

Minisiteri y’Uburezi ntirashyiraho itariki yo gutangira icyiciro cya kabiri cyo gushaka abarimu binyuze mu buryo bwo gukora ibizamini, gusa ngo ishobora kuzatangazwa mu gihe kitarambiranye.

Igikorwa cyo gushaka abarimu bashya, cyakozwe ku bufatanye hagati y’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’uburezi (REB), Umujyi wa Kigali, uturere, Minisiteri y’Uburezi ndetse na Minisiteri ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta n’umurimo.

Mu rwego rwo kubahiriza amabwiriza yo kwirinda icyorezo cya Covid-19 no kugabanya ubucucike mu mashuri, Leta irimo kubaka ibyumba by’amashuri bishya bigera ku 22,500. Kandi kugira ngo umubare w’abarimu ujyane n’uw’abanyeshuri, Leta izakenera gushaka abarimu bagera ku 29,000 nyuma y’uko amashuri yose azaba afunguye.

Abinyujije ku rubuga rwa twitter, Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS), Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus yashimye u Rwanda uko rwitwaye mu guhangana n’icyorezo cya Covid-19.

Yagize ati "U Rwanda rwakoze ibishoboka byose ngo rushobore guhangana n’icyorezo cya Covid-19, urebye uko bapimaga abantu no gukurikirana abahuye n’abanduye ndetse n’ingamba zo kwirinda zashyizweho. Warakoze cyane muvandimwe Paul Kagame, n’abaturage b’u Rwanda".

Umuntu wa mbere wanduye Covid-19, yagaragaye mu Rwanda tariki 14 Werurwe 2020, icyo gihe mu rwego rwo gukumira ikwirakwira ry’icyo cyorezo, Leta ishyiraho igihe cyo kuguma mu rugo (lockdown), amashuri, amasoko, ingendo rusange, imyitozo ngororamubiri n’ibindi birafungwa, hasigara abakozi bakeya cyane kandi na bo basabwa kubahiriza ingamba zo kwirinda ku buryo bwose.

Mu mezi yakurikiyeho, u Rwanda rwashyizeho gahunda yo gupima abantu benshi, iyo gahunda itangirira mu Mujyi wa Kigali ku itariki 2 Nyakanga 2020.

Tariki 30 Mata 2020, Inama y’Abaminisitiri yarateranye ifata umwanzuro wo gukuraho akato ku masoko, uburiro (restaurants) n’inganda ariko basabwa ko bajya bakoresha abakozi bakeya b’ingenzi.

Uhereye ubwo, imibare y’abanduye Covid-19 yarazamukaga, ariko mu kwezi k’Ukwakira iza kugabanuka, ibyo ni byo byatumye bafungura amashuri makuru na za kaminuza, ndetse n’andi mashuri akazatangira mu kwezi k’Ugushyingo 2020.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Leta y’u Rwanda isaba abantu kutirara, ahubwo bagakomeza kubahiriza amabwiriza yashyizweho yo kwirinda icyorezo cya Coronavirus.

Urebye uko bimeze uyu munsi, urabona ko ibintu bigenda bisubira mu buryo, niba amashuri afungurwa ni uko bifite aho bigana. Gusa amashuri afungurwa asabwa kuba yujuje ibisabwa bijyanye no kwirinda ikwirakwira ry’icyo cyorezo cya COVID-19.

Mu bisabwa harimo gushyiraho ubukarabiro, gushyiraho uburyo bufasha abanyeshuri gusiga intera hagati yabo no kugira agakoresho gapima umuriro. Ubu byamaze kwemezwa ko amashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye (imyaka imwe) azafungura tariki 2 Ugushyingo 2020.

Bamwe mu bagize PAC

WDA yitabye iyo Komisiyo ku wa 15 Nzeri 2020, igiye gusobanura ibibazo byagaragajwe na raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta ya 2018-2019, yagaragaje ko hari miliyari 15 z’amafaranga y’ u Rwanda, icyo kigo kitashoboye kugaragaza icyo yakoreshejwe, ku buryo ibisobanuro batanze byari ku rwego rwa 39% aho kuba nibura 60%.

Depite Uwimanimpaye Jeanne d’Arc, umwe mu bagize PAC, wanakurikiye uko WDA yisobanura, avuga ko icyo kigo cyananiwe guhuza na raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta guhera mu 2016.

Muri byinshi Ikigo cya WDA kivugwaho na raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukuru w’Imari ya Leta, harimo kuba cyarananiwe gusobanura impamvu habayeho kwishyura amafaranga y’inyongera (extra cost) agera kuri miliyoni 16.5 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, yishyurwa umuntu wikorera utumiza ibintu mu mahanga, ku makamyo yari yatinze kuri gasutamo hari ibyo ataruzuza, akahamara iminsi 22 kandi apakiye ibikoresha by’ubwubatsi.

WDA kandi ntiyashoboye gusobanura impamvu itagaragaje amasoko atanu yatanzwe mu myaka ibiri ishize afite agaciro ka miliyari ebyiri na miliyoni magana atanu na mirongo inani n’imwe z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

Gatabazi Pascal, Umuyobozi Mukuru w’icyo akaba avuga ko na bo batishimiye ayo makosa yo mu rwego rw’ubuyobozi yabaye mu kigo ayobora.

Gatabazi kandi yananiwe gusobanura icyatumye bacibwa amande ya miliyoni umunani z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda kubera gukerererwa kwishyura imisoro.

Inyubako y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko

Abwira Inteko Ishinga Amategeko umutwe w’abadepite, Gatabazi yagize ati “Nta mpamvu n’imwe yagombye gutuma dutina kwishyura imisoro”.

Mu bindi WDA yasabwe gusobanura, ni amafaranga agera kuri miliyoni magana atandatu z’u Rwanda, raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukur w’Imari ya Leta, igaragaza ko WDA yakoresheje igura ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi byo kubaka ishuri ry’imyuga (Technical and Vocational Education Training-TVET), ariko ishuri ntiryuzuye kandi n’ibikoresho biri aho ntacyo bimara.

Gatabazi yagize ati “Inyubako ntizuzuye kubera ko twagiye dutenguhwa na ba Rwiyemezamirimo, ni yo mpamvu hari n’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi biri aho, bitakoreshejwe”.

Iryo shuri rya TVET ryagombaga kuba ryaruzuye muri Werurwe 2020, WDA yari yasabwe kugaruka imbere ya PAC kugira ngo yongere isobanure ibimaze gukorwa kuri iryo shuri nyuma y’ibyagaragaye muri raporo y’Umugenzuzi Mukur w’Imari ya Leta.

Imbwa z’inzererezi iyo zirumye umuntu ntahite avurwa ashobora no gupfa

Izo mbwa z’inzererezi zarumye abantu mu Mirenge ya Rangiro, Cyato na Kirimbi yose ikaba ari imirenge y’Akarere ka Nyamasheke. Nyuma yo kurumwa n’imbwa, abo zakomerekeje bose bajyanwaga ku Bitaro bya Kibogora, bose bakaba barakize ku buryo bushimishije.

Mpinakarenge Samuela, ari we uheruka kurumwa n’imwe muri izo mbwa z’inzererezi imusanze mu rugo iwe mu Murenge wa Cyato, yamurumye ku itariki 14 Mata 2020.

Dr. Saratiel Kanyarukiko, Umuyobozi w’Ibitaro bya Kibogora, yavuze ko mu gihe umuntu urumwe n’imbwa atavuwe vuba bishobora kumuviramo no gupfa.

Yagize ati “Samuela Mpinakarenge yashyizwe mu bitaro ku itariki 14 Mata 2020, yari afite ibikomere nyuma yo kurumwa n’imbwa z’inzererezi. Umuntu urumwe n’imbwa, bishobora kudahita bigaragara ko ubuzima bwe buri mu kaga, ariko iyo atavuwe vuba hashobora kuzamo ibindi bibazo bikomeye byamuviramo n’urupfu”.

Ati “Izo ni imbwa zatawe na ba nyirazo, ntizikingiwe, ubwo rero ziba zishobora kuba zifite za ‘bacteries’ zitera indwara zituruka ku kurumwa n’imbwa. Izo ndwara rero ni mbi, ni yo mpamvu abarumwe n’izo mbwa duhita tubakingira”.

Izo mbwa z’inzererezi ziruma abantu ziturutse mu buhuru, zikabakomeretsa, hari n’ubwo ziruma amatungo yo mu rugo nk’ihene, inkoko, cyangwa se zigatwara n’ibiribwa, nk’uko Kanyarukiko abivuga.

Mu mwaka wa 2010, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yashyizeho gahunda igomba kubahirizwa n’abatunze imbwa ndetse n’abifuza kuzitunga bose, ariko kuva icyo gihe ubona ayo mabwiriza yarashyizwe mu bikorwa ku rwego rwo hasi cyane. Ni yo mpamvu habaho izo mbwa z’inzererezi.

Muri Kigali imbwa igomba kwambikwa umushumi ufungirwaho umudari ufite inomero, kandi umuntu wese uyitunze agomba kuyikingiza indwara y’ibisazi rimwe buri mwaka.

Mu bice by’icyaro no mu mujyi mito y’u Rwanda, abatunze imbwa bagomba kuzimenyekanisha kuri sitasiyo ya Polisi ibegereye cyangwa se ku munyamabanga nshingwabikorwa w’umurenge ubegereye.

Ingingo ya 8 y’iteka rya Minisitiri n⁰009/11.30, ryo kuwa 18/11/2010 ryerekeye izerera ry’amatungo n’izindi nyamaswa zororerwa mu rugo, iteganya amafaranga acibwa ku izerera ry’imbwa.

Mu mijyi, ibyemezo byo mu ngingo ya 4 n’iya 5 z’iri teka bikurikizwa ku mbwa zifashwe zizerera, uretse ibyerekeye amafaranga ibihumbi bitanu (5.000 Frw) ku munsi, yo kuzirinda no kuzigaburira. Iminsi igenwe yo gusaba gusubizwa imbwa ifunze ni itatu.

Ikindi kivugwa muri iryo teka ni uko imbwa ifashwe izerera itagira nyirayo iraswa n’abashinzwe iby’ubworozi babifashijwemo na Polisi.

Mu rwego rwo kurwanya izo mbwa zizerera, ku itariki 14 Mata 2020, abayobozi b’Akarere ka Nyamasheke batangije ku mugaragaro ubukangurambaga bwo kwica izo mbwa z’inzererezi bakoresheje uburozi.

Kugeza ubu, ngo hakaba hamaze kwicwa imbwa 16 zirozwe nk’uko byemezwa n’Umuyobozi w’ako Karere, Mukamasabo Appolonie.

Agira ati “Twakoranye na RAB mu kuroga izo mbwa, ubu hamaze gupfa 16, kandi kuzihiga birakomeje. Ntituzi neza aho zituruka, ariko zishobora kuba zituruka muri utu turere twacu cyangwa mu baturanyi”.

Arakomeza ati “Abarumwe n’izo mbwa z’inzererezi ni abo mu Mirenge ya Cyato, Kirimbi na Rangiro yose ituranye n’ishyamba rya Nyungwe, gusa ntizajya muri Nyungwe ntizabonamo icyo kurya. Zijya mu bihuru byegereye ingo, aho zibona ibyo kurya”.

Mukamasabo yongeyeho ati “Twizeye ko izo mbwa tuzazica mu gihe gito gishoboka, ariko dufite imbogamizi y’imvura.Iyo imvura iguye ifungura uburozi batega imbwa, bityo bukaba butazica. Uburyo bwiza bwo kuzica ni ukuzitega mu gihe cy’izuba”.

Ati “Aboroye imbwa bagirwa inama yo gukingiza imbwa zabo, abavuzi b’amatungo barahari guhera ku mudugudu kugeza ku murenge. Naho ubundi imbwa yose izerera izicwa kandi ba nyirazo baramutse bamenyekanye babifungirwa cyangwa bakabihanirwa”.

Imbwa z’inzererezi zikomeje kuruma abantu, nyamara hari amabwiriza yashyizweho n’Ikigo cy’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (RAB) ndetse na Polisi y’Igihugu, avuga ko imbwa zikwiye kwitabwaho na ba nyirazo.

Mu myaka ine ishize, RAB yagaragaje ko imbwa z’inzererezi ziruma abantu n’amatungo, zigakwirakwiza indwara y’ibisazi by’imbwa, kandi ko abatunze imbwa bananirwa kuzitaho bashobora gufatirwa ibihano bikomeye.

Ayo mabwiriza yashyizweho na RAB na Polisi, yaje nyuma yo kubona umubare w’abarumwa n’imbwa ukomeje kwiyongera hirya no hino mu gihugu.

Muri 2016, raporo yatanzwe na RAB yagaragaje ko abantu bagera kuri 669 barumwe n’imbwa z’inzererezi, mu gihe muri 2015, abarumwe n’imbwa z’inzererezi bari 383.

Mu rwego rwo gukemura icyo kibazo, imbwa z’inzererezi zigera ku 2,870 zarishwe muri 2017.