Abagabo basinyiye ko bagiye kurwanya isambanywa ry’abana

Ikibazo cy’abagabo basambanya abana, ni cyo kibanzweho cyane mu nama nyunguranabitekerezo ku ruhare rw’umugabo mu kurwanya isambanywa ry’abana, yabereye i Kigali kuwa kabiri tariki 19 Ugushyingo 2019.

Muri iyo nama hafashwe ingamba zo gukumira icyo kibazo no gushishikariza abana basambanywa gutanga amakuru ku gihe, kugira ngo ababasambanyije bakurikiranwe.

Rutayisire Fidele, Umuyoboyi w’umuryango nyarwanda urwanya ihohoterwa (RWAMREC), yagaragaje ipfunwe aterwa n’abagabo basambanya abana, aho yavuze ko batakwiye kugumana izina ’umugabo’ nk’abandi bose.

Ati “Abagabo nk’abo tujye tubita ibirura! Mwibaze namwe umugabo ureba ubwambure bw’umwana! Ni ukuvuga ngo aba yatakaje ubugabo bwe! Ni yo mpamvu tuvuga ngo uwo mugabo ni ikirura!

Njye rwose ndumva kwitiranwa na we, yagenda bati dore umugabo, nanjye nahita bati dore umugabo, rwose njye ndumva yaba atesheje agaciro izina umugabo. Cyera umugabo wasambanye bamwitaga ingirwamugabo, ndi igabo, umugabo wapfuye ahagaze n’ayandi”.

Akomeze avuga ko ingamba bafite zo guhindura abagabo, ari ukubaganiriza mu matsinda, bakagenda na bo bahindura abandi, kuko babonye umusaruro wabyo uko bagenda babikora.

Ati “Abagabo ubundi ni abana beza. Abagabo bicwa na sosiyete, umuco, n’ibindi bavukiramo, ya myitwarire ya kigabo bakuriramo, ariko iyo tubaganirije mu matsinda yabo barahinduka.

Rutayisire Fidele, umuyobozi wa RWAMREC asanga umugabo usambanya umwana akwiye kwitwa ikirura

Turakangurira abantu kudaceceka, niba wumvise umwana wasambanyijwe uhite utanga amakuru. Ikindi ni uko ari abagabo cyangwa abagore, bose bakwiye gufatana urunana bakarwanya icyo cyaha”.

Munyanziza Jonathan wo mu karere ka Kamonyi, ni umwe mu bagabo bari bitabiriye iyo nama.

Avuga ko uruhare rw’umugabo ari ukwita ku mwana wese nk’uwe, akavuga kandi ko ingaruka zigera ku mwana nko guta ishuri, kwandura indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina n’izindi, zitarangirira kuri we gusa, ko ahubwo no ku mugabo zimugeraho iyo yamenyekanye, akaba yafungwa cyangwa agata umuryango.

Munyanziza Jonathan

Ati “Umugabo na we ni umubyeyi. Ni ukuvuga ngo rero uko utakwifuza ko umwana wawe asambanywa, bagomba no kutabigirira ab’abandi”.

Iyi nama nyunguranabitekerezo yateguwe na Minisiteri y’uburinganire n’iterambere ry’umuryango, ifatanyije na RWAMREC n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa batandukanye, ihurirana n’umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe abagabo, aho abagabo bitabiriye inama basinyiye ko bagiye kurwanya isambanywa ry’abana, bakabishishikariza n’abandi basize iwabo.

Minisitiri Mujawamariya arasaba abantu bose kubungabunga ibidukikije

Iyo nama yabaye kuri uyu wa kabiri tariki 19 Ugushyingo 2019 yari igamije kungurana ibitekerezo ku buryo bwo kubungabunga ibidukikije muri buri rwego rukorera mu gihugu.

Minisitiri Mujawamariya yagize ati “Nk’igikorwa cyanjye cya mbere muri Minisiteri y’ibidukikije, ni ibyishimo guhura namwe. Mwakoze gufata akanya mugahura natwe, kandi niteze kuganira namwe ku byo twashyize imbere, n’uburyo twafatanya mu kubigeraho”.

Minisitiri Dr. Mujawamariya, yabwiye abari bitabiriye iyo nama ko buri muntu wese, icyo yaba akora cyose, yakagombye kwitwararika mu kubungabunga ibidukikije, kuko nta handi ho kwimukira hahari nyuma yo kwangiza isi batuyeho.

Yagize ati “Iyo ubungabunze ibidukikije, si u Rwanda gusa uba ukijije, ni isi muri rusange. Ni yo mpamvu dushishikariza abayituye bose, baba abahinzi, abacuruzi, abakora imirimo itandukanye, kubikora byose ariko bitangiza ibidukikije”.

Ibi kandi bishimangirwa n’umuyobozi mukuru wa ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (REMA), Eng. Collette Ruhamya, akavuga ko abafatanyabikorwa muri iyi gahunda ari buri muntu wese utuye isi, aho agomba gufata inshingano zo kurinda ibidukikije.

Eng. Collette Ruhamya, umuyobozi mukuru wa REMA

Ati “Nibamara kumva ko nibatekesha inkwi batema amashyamba ari ukwangiza umwuka duhumeka, bagatangira gukoresha gazi (gas), bazaba ari abafatanyabikorwa beza. Abubatsi ni uko, ababumbyi ni uko, abatwara ibinyabiziga n’ababikora byose bikaba uko”.

Abafatanyabikorwa ba Minisiteri y’ibidukikije

Mu ntego u Rwanda rwari rwihaye kuva muri 2009, rwari rwiyemeje ko ruzaba rugeze kuri 30% by’ubuso buteyeho amashyamba.

Imibare ya Ministiteri y’Ibidukikije igaragaza ko kuri ubu u Rwanda rugeze kuri 30.4% by’ubuso buteyeho amashyamba.

Abaganiriye na Kigali Today bagaragaje impungenge baterwa n’ibyo binini umuntu anywa bikamurinda gusama atabiteguye, aho bagaragaza ko batizera neza ko ibinini bihenze byavura kimwe n’ibya make.

Uwitwa Nikuze Chantal yagize ati “Njye biriya bigura bitanu (5000frw) sinabyizera rwose! Ubwo se wambwira gute ko ibinini bigura ibihumbi icumi byavura kimwe n’ibya bitanu? Ni hahandi ubinywa warangiza ukumva watwise”.

Naho Kamanzi we avuga ko nubwo atemera ko byavura kimwe, ariko byorohereza ababigura, nubwo yumva ko aho guhora ugura ibinini bya buri gihe, wagakwiye gukoresha uburyo bumara igihe.

Ati “Hari nk’umuntu usanga uko ahuye n’umukunzi we baryamana nyuma agakoresha ibinini.Ugasanga atanze nk’ibihumbi 50 ku kwezi cyangwa arenga. Bagiye bahita baboneza urubyaro, agafata nk’agashinge k’amezi atatu ko kandi bitangirwa ubuntu kwa muganga? Niba bashaka ko abahungu tubaha amafaranga yo kubigura, ntibayarira ubuntu”?

Uwayisaba we ati “Ahubwo biriya binini njye mfite impungenge ko byatuma umuntu abura urubyaro burundu! None se niba umuntu atangira kuruboneza akiri umwana, atanazi niba anabyara ariko akamiragura ibinini uko abonanye n’umusore koko ibyo nta ngaruka”?

Kigali Today yaganirije umuganga ukora muri faromasi imwe mu nyubako ya CHIC utashatse kwivuga amazina, asobanura ko guhenda cyangwa guhenduka kw’imiti biterwa n’aho yakorewe cyangwa ababikoze, ariko bitabuza kuvura indwara imwe.

Ati “Ubundi itandukaniro ry’imiti ihenze n’ihendutse kandi bivura indwara imwe, ni uko hari ikiza byihuse, niba ari igabanya ububabare iya menshi ikabugabanya byihuse, naho indi igatinda kugukiza ariko ukazakira. N’ibyo rero ni kimwe”.

Akomeza avuga ko nubwo hakigaragara abatinya kuyigura, cyangwa bakayigura bihishe ariko ko bifasha cyane, kandi abona nta mpamvu yo kwihisha.

Ati “Hari abaza bafite urwikekwe, bahasanga umukiriya ntibatinyuke kubigura bagategereza ko bose bashiramo, ariko na none hari n’abaza babimenyereye baza bakubwira n’amazina y’ibyo bashaka, ndetse bakabinywera n’aho”.

Avuga kandi ko nta mpungenge bakagombye kugira z’uko byabatera ubugumba, kuko ari imiti iba yarinjiye mu gihugu isuzumwe neza ubuziranenge bwayo, ikemezwa ko nta kibazo yatera.

Ati “Biragoye cyane kukubwira ngo ku munsi ncuruza ibingana gutya, kuko iminsi iratandukana, ariko nko guhera kuwa gatanu kugeza kuwa kabiri, iminsi yo mu mpera z’icyumweru no mu ntangiro zacyo biragurwa cyane! Gusa kuri njye ibinini byose bigurwa kimwe, ariko usanga abasirimu ari bo bakoresha ibihenze, naho abasanzwe bakigurira ibisanzwe”.

Uwimbabazi Delphine w’imyaka 15 avuga amahamba neza

Uwimbabazi avuga ko ajya gutangira gukora uyu murimo, yabanje kwitegereza ababikora, yumva arabikunze, bituma yegera uwabikoraga kugira ngo amwibire ibanga ry’uko bikorwa.

Ati “Naramwegereye ndamubaza, ambwira ko bisaba kuba ubikunda, ubundi ibigora ari ukumenya amagambo atangira n’asoza, ubundi ibindi ukaba wagenda ubikopera ku bandi, ukabisoma, cyangwa nawe ukaba wabyihimbira”.

Uwimbabazi avuga ko akimara kubyumva yahise afata telefoni, agafata amajwi ugiye kubikora mu bukwe, yagera mu rugo agatangira kubifata mu mutwe ndetse akajya akurikira n’ibitaramo, bikaba ari byo yagendeyeho ahanga ibye bwite kugeza abikoze mu bukwe abona arashimwe.

Delphine Uwimbabazi, umutahira

Ati “Mbikora bwa mbere nabikoze mu bukwe bwa marume, ariko kugira ngo bemere ko mbikora byarangoye, kuko batari barigeze babona aho mbikora cyangwa ngo babone hari uwo mu muryango wabikoze banze kubyemera. Ariko nakomeje kubinginga mbona barabyemeye, mbikoze mbona birabashimishije”.

Akomeza avuga ko kuri ubu amaze kumenyera uyu murimo, kuko hari n’ibyo asigaye yibonera atagisaba ababyeyi nk’imyenda, ibikoresho by’ishuri, n’uburyo nyoroshyangendo mu gihe agiye gushaka ibiraka.

Ati “Mu mwaka umwe maze mbikora, maze kumenyera nubwo hari abanca intege bambwira ko nkora imirimo itari iyacu mu muco Nyarwanda, ko ndi umwana bakaba bananyima ibiraka cyangwa bakampenda bitwaje ko ndi umukobwa”.

Yongeraho ati “Abanca intege hari ijambo nkunda kubabwira nti ‘kubera ko dufite igihugu gitemba amata n’ubuki, na Perezida wacu Paul Kagame utuyoboye neza, yaratubwiye ati nimutinyuke murashoboye, ni yo mpamvu nkora ibingibi.’ Imbogamizi mfite muri iyi minsi ni ukutagira imyenda y’akazi kuko ndayikodesha”.

Umusore na we usanzwe avuga amazina y’inka witwa Manzi, akaba akorana na Uwimbabazi, mu kumurangira ibiraka bahuriramo, ndetse rimwe na rimwe bakaba barangirana ibiraka, avuga ko yatangajwe n’ubuhanga bw’umukobwa ukiri muto watinyutse kujya mu mbaga akavuga amahamba.

Manzi na Uwimbabazi basigaye bahurira mu birori babisusurutsa

Ati “Tugihurira mu bukwe, nari naje ku ruhande rw’abasaba, we ari mu basabwa umugeni. Twarakoranye mbona abikoze neza, ngira ngo ni ibintu yatojwe n’umuryango we, ariko aho menyeye ko ari ibyo yishakishirije ndavuga nti uyu mwana ni intwari”.

Akomeza agira ati “Nubwo hari imvugo zimwe na zimwe cyangwa injyana ataramenya kuko akiri muto kandi ikinyarwanda dukoresha kikaba ari icya kera, ariko azi gukopera kubi, kuko ibyo umukosoyeho ahita abifata”.

Uwimbabazi Delphine, avuga ko nubwo atuye mu cyaro, yifuza kumenyekana mu gihugu hose, bikazamufasha kujya abona ibiraka aho ari ho hose nta mananiza.

Yifuza kandi ko nakura azashinga itorero ry’abatahira mu cyaro cy’iwabo akabigisha, kuko kuba bakimuha urw’amenyo ari ubujiji bukibarimo bwo kutumva ko barenga ibikorerwa mu gace batuyemo bakigana ahateye imbere.

Iyi gahunda yo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu gutanga serivisi zose, ije kugabanya na none umubare w’ impapuro zikoreshwa, zikajya ziboneka kuri murandasi bitagoranye, bityo umucuruzi wafataga umwanya ajya gusinyisha mu nzego z’ubuyobozi zitandukanye, byose abisange kuri murandasi.

Patience Umutesi, uhagarariye TMEA mu Rwanda, avuga ko intego za TMEA ari ukorohereza umucuruzi kugera ku iterambere yifuza nta mananiza Kandi vuba.

Ati “Umucuruzi ushaka kubona icyangombwa yajya yinjira mu biro, agafungura murandasi, akuzuza ibisabwa, ubundi agahita abona icyangombwa cye, atiriwe atega, adataye umwanya wo kujya I bunaka kubihiga. Noneho Kandi usibye amafaranga n’igihe azaba arokoye, bizanamuteza imbere, Kandi bitange n’akazi ku banditsi”.

Ibyo byashimangiwe na Lt Col. Patrick Nyirishema, umuyoboyi wa RURA, aho yagize ati “Ubusanzwe hari serivisi zacu zatangirwaga kuri murandasi. Ariko noneho turagira ngo zose ziyijyeho. Ibyo bizatuma hari iterambere ryiyongera ku batugana, rigabanye inshuro n’umwanya bamaraga baza gusinyisha, kwaka ibyangobwa, no kubitanga.

Cyane cyane ku bakora ubucuruzi bwambuka umupaka, buriya iyi serivisi izaborohereza cyane”.

Uyu mushinga kandi uje gufasha intego ya Goverinoma y’u Rwanda, yo gukuraho burundu ingendo n’impapuro muri serivisi zayo zose yiswe “zero trips and zero paper in all Government services”.

Bavuga ibi ari ibintu batiyumvisha impamvu yabyo, kuko bumva ubwiherero bwaba inyongera kuri serivisi bahabwa.

Abaganiriye na Kigali Today, bagaragaza imbogamizi bahura na zo iyo bakeneye ubwiherero bari muri resitora, aho bamwe badatinya kuvuga ko ari indonke irenze ba nyiri ama resitora babakuramo, kandi bidakwiye.

Uwineza ucuruza ‘metuyu’ muri iyo gare yo mu mujyi, agira ati “Umara kurya wakumva mu ruhago bitameze neza, wabaza aho kwihagarika bati ishyura ijana! Nyamara akenshi icyo kibazo uba wagitewe n’ibyo wahafatiye, kuko niba unyweye icyayi cyangwa amata bikakuyoboka, uhita ushaka kwihagarika”.

Kamanzi ukora akazi k’ubumotari we avuga ko byamutunguye ubwo yageraga muri Kigali akiri mushya, yageze muri resitora amaze gufata amafunguro, akabasaba kumwereka ubwiherero, mu gihe abuvuyemo bahita bamwishyuza 100.

Agira ati “Nyine twabanje guserera, kuko ntari nzi ko ubwiherero babwishyuza, ariko ntekereza hagize umbona mburana ijana ndayabaha ndigendera. Ahubwo byanteye kwibaza , iyo nza kuba ntayafite byari kugenda bite? Ariko ubu maze kubimenyera sinabura kugendana ijana aho naba ndi hose”.

Aganira na Kigali Today, Nsanzimana Jean Claude ukorera muri imwe muri resitora zo mu nyubako ikikije gare yo mu mujyi, yavuze ko ikibazo cyo kwishyuza ubwiherero kidaterwa na ba nyir’ama resitora, kuko nubwo resitora iba yegeranye n’ubwiherero, ba nyirabyo baba batandukanye.

Ati “Kuvuga ngo twakodesha tugashyiramo n’ubwiherero barabyanze. ‘Toilette’ na zo ni abantu bazikodesha, na zo ziba zifite abantu bazifashe. Gusa wenda nka hano nk’umukiraya wacu iyo aje, hari igihe baza batabizi noneho akavuga ko nta giceri afite, ukaba wamufasha, ariko iyo atabimenyereye uramusobanurira uko bimeze, ku buryo usanze nta n’igiceri afite, wamufasha”.

Ntabwo ama resitora yose atagira ubwiherero cyangwa uburyo bwo gufashamo abakiriya babo babukeneye, kuko nk’akorera mu nyubako ndende zo mu mujyi, hari izifite uburyo zavuganye n’abishyuza ubwiherero, bagakora udupapuro baha umukiriya wabo, yakerekana bakareka kumwishyuza, hanyuma nyiri resitora akazaba ari we wishyura.

Mu mabwiriza asimbura ayo muri 2011 umujyi wa Kigali uheruka gusohora, avuga ko nka restaurant, inzu ikorerwamo igomba kuba itaragenewe guturwamo, iri kure y’imyanda nibura muri kilometero imwe uvuye ku kimoteri, yitaruye inzu zituwemo kandi ahayikikije hatari ivumbi cyangwa icyondo.

ayo mabwiriza akavuga kandi ko igomba kuba ifite uburyo bwo kubika amazi no gufata amazi y’imvura, ifite uburyo bwo gucunga amazi yanduye, iteye irangi ryera cyangwa irijya gusa n’umuhondo, yubakishijwe ibikoresho bikomeye kandi ikorewe amasuku.

Iyo nyubako kandi amabwiriza avuga ko igomba kugira ubuhumekero buhagije, igikoni cyubakishije amakaro hasi no ku nkuta nibura kugeza kuri metero 1.5, uburyo bwo gusohora umwotsi n’ubushyuhe mu gikoni, aho kogereza ibikoresho hari n’igikoresho gishyushya amazi kandi atemba, ububiko bufite urumuri ruhagije, ubuhumekero, udutara n’utubaho two guterekaho ibintu n’ibindi.

Kuba umwana yakorera ikizamini aho atiyandikishije nta kibazo biteye

Iki ni kimwe mu bintu byahangayikishije abari babiteguye ariko bagatungurwa no kumva ko hari abagiye gukorera ku bindi bigo, ibintu bitari bisanzwe bimenyerewe, kuko aho urupapuro rw’imyirondoro yawe (souche) ruri, bimenyerewe ko ari ho wakagombye gukorera.

Kigali today isura ahakorewe ibizamini hatandukanye mu mujyi wa Kigali, abayobozi bamwe na bamwe bavuganye na yo, bagaragaje ko ibintu byose byagenze neza uko babiteguye, ariko ko imbogamizi bahuye na zo ari uko umubare w’abanyeshuri bari biteguye kwakira atari wo bakiriye.

Ku ishuri ribanza rya Muhima, ahakoreye ibigo bibiri ari byo APACOPE, na Muhima primary school, umuyobozi w’iyo site, Andre Nsengiyumva, yagaragaje ko mu bana 621 bagombaga kuhakorera, abanyeshuri 17 batahabonetse, ibintu byabateye ikibazo, bakomeza gukurikirana impamvu yabateye gusiba ikizamini.

Andre Nsengiyumva, uyobora site ya EP Muhima

Yagize ati “Ibibazo twahuye na byo by’abanyeshuri basibye gukora ibizamini kandi bariyandikishirije hano, abenshi kubera umurenge wa Muhima n’umurenge wa Kigali imiryango myinshi yimukiye mu midugudu y’ikitegererezo (modal village) yubatswe i Karama, tumaze kumenya ko hari abana bagera kuri batanu bagiye gukorera yo.

Abandi dufatanyije n’inzego z’ubuyobozi n’ushinzwe uburezi ku murenge, turimo guhamagara, tumaze kumenya abandi bagera kuri bane barwaye, mu kanya turajya kubasura aho barwariye.”.

Akomeza avuga ko ari umwihariko w’uyu mwaka, kuko ubundi iyo umwana yabaga yarafashe nimero azakoreraho ikizamini akajya kwiga ahandi, yagendaga akiga ariko igihe cyo gukora ikizamini, akaza kuri cya kindi yiyandikishirijeho.

Abana bagiye mu karuhuko mbere yo gukora ikizamini cya kabiri, aha ni kuri EP Sainte Famille

Akavuga ko ariko kuri ubu umwana aho yari ari akaba ari ho yakoreye n’ubwo atari afite ifishi.

Ati “Amabwiriza baduhaye batubwiye ko umwana wize, afite nimero tumukorera indi fishi, kuko amafishi twakoreyeho, yaturutse muri REB. Byaduteje ikibazo kinini cyane, kuko tuba dufite umubare w’abana bagomba gukora, ubwo rero twagize ngo bamwe basibye, kandi barimo gukora ikizamini ahandi, tukaba tubimenye nonaha, turimo dutelefona ababyeyi”.

Avugana na Kigali Today, umuyobozi w’ikigo gishinzwe uburezi REB, Dr. René Ndayambaje, yavuze ko nta mpamvu yo kubuza umwana gukora ikizamini aho yaba ari hose mu Rwanda, mu gihe afite ibyangombwa byerekana ko yize umwaka wa gatandatu.

Ati “Umwana niyo yaba yariyandikishirije i Rusizi akajya kwiga ku mu Bugesera, apfa kuba afite nimero imubaruyeho (registration number).

Iyo nimero iba ari iye aho yajya hose mu gihugu, ni wo mwirondoro we, aho ayitanze hose imyirondoro ye ihita yigaragaza. Aho yajya hose rero ayifite, bagomba kumwakira bakamuha aho gukorera kuko nta kibazo biteje”.

Mu Rwanda ,hateganyijwe ko ahakorerwa ibizamini (centres des examens) uyu mwaka wa 2019 ari 938, hagizwe n’ibigo 2,823, hakaba hari hateganyijwe ko abanyeshuri bakora ibizamini ari 286,087 bagizwe n’abahungu 131,748, n’abakobwa 154,339.

Nkuko imbuga zitandukanye zibigaragaza, gucura ni ibintu bisanzwe. Akenshi igihe kiringaniye cyo gucura k’umugore kiba hagati y’imyaka 45 n’imyaka 55.

Bavuga ko umugore yacuze kare iyo acuze mbere y’imyaka 40, bakanavuga ko yacuze atinze iyo bibaye arengeje imyaka 55 y’amavuko, ariko bikaba bishobora no guterwa no kubagwa mu dusabo tw’intanga-ngore cyangwa nyababyeyi.

Urubuga rwa https://www.bbc.com, rugaragaza uko wamenya ko ugeze igihe cyo gucura, aho ruvuga ruti “Birashoboka kwipimisha amaraso ukareba ibipimo by’umusemburo bizwi nka FSH (follicle-stimulating hormones), ariko ntabwo bigaragaza neza neza uko umusemburo uhagaze, by’umwihariko ku bagore barengeje imyaka 45 y’amavuko”.

Impuguke zivuga ko ibigero by’uyu musemburo iteka bihora bizamuka ubundi bikamanuka, mu gihe cy’umunsi, rero ibizamini ntibishobora gutahura neza neza ikibitera.

Icyaba cyiza kurushaho ni ukubwira muganga igihe ubonera imihango ndetse niba hari impinduka, no kumubwira ibimenyetso ibyo ari byo byose ushobora kuba ubona.

Uru rubuga rukomeza ruvuga ko kumenya ibimenyetso ugomba kureba ari ingenzi nko kumva ucitse intege no kurakazwa n’ubusa, na byo bigomba kuzirikanwa cyo kimwe no guhinda umuriro ndetse no kubira ibyuya nijoro hakaba no kugira impinduka mu mihango nko kwiyongera kwayo cyangwa ikarushaho kutabonekera ku gihe bikaba kimwe mu bimenyetso bya mbere byuko guca imbyaro byegereje.

Mbere yuko umara umwaka wose nta mihango ubonye, ntabwo uba ushobora kumenya by’ukuri ko wageze mu gihe cyo guca imbyaro.

Ni mu gihe mu nkuru ‘Symptômes de la ménopause auxquels les femmes doivent s’attendre’ y’urubuga rwa ‘santeplusmag’ rwandika ku buzima rugaragaza ko ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara mu gihe cyo gucura ari ukugira ibyiyumvo (emotions) biri hejuru, hahandi usanga abagore barizwa n’ubusa cyane, no kwiyongera kw’ibiro cyane.

Hari kandi kubura ibitotsi cyangwa se gusinzira nabi, kwibagirwa bya hato na hato, kugira ubwoba, gutera cyane k’umutima ndetse no kumva wihebye, gushyuha cyane mu mubiri ndeste no kubira ibyuya byinshi.

hari ukugabanuka k’ubushake mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ndetse n’ububobere mu gitsina, guhorana umunaniro udashira, kurwara cyane umutwe no kwibika kw’amazi mu mubiri ugasanga umuntu yabyimbye ibirenge.

Ibyo bishimangirwa n’urubuga www.rwandamagazine.com aho rugaragaza ingaruka ku mugore ugeze muri iki gihe cyo gucura nko kurwaragurika indwara zitandukanye, koroha kw’amagufa bigenda byiyongera, hamwe no gusaza iyo umugore acuze.

hari kandi kugabanuka kw’uruhago bituma umugore yihagarika cyane cyangwa inkari zikaba zanamucika (incontinece urinaire), kugabanuka kw’inda ibyara (atrophie vaginale) no kugabanuka k’ubushake mu mibonano mpuzabitsina ndetse n’ububobere mu gitsina.

Urubuga https://rw.wikipedia.org rugaragaza ko gucura k’umugore bibanzirizwa no kubura imihango rimwe na rimwe cyangwa ntizire igihe, kubera ikibazo cy’umusemburo wa ‘progesterone’ udahagije, nyuma umugore agatangira kuva buhoro buhoro no kubura imihango igihe kirekire.

Ruvuga ko “Bimwe mu bimenyetso biboneka ku bagore bari gucura harimo kumva ufite icyunzwe mu mubiri, kubira ibyuya cyane, kutabona ibitotsi, kugira umushiha (depression), kugabanuka kw’inda ibyara (atrophie vaginale).

Gucika intege, kuribwa umutwe, guhindurwa kw’imisatsi, guta ibiro, no guhinduka kw’agatuza”.

Uru rubuga ruvuka ko umuryango umuntu akomokamo (hérédité) ni ukuvuga umugore n’umwana we w’umukobwa bacura hafi ku myaka imwe.

Ni mu gihe urubuga https://wol.jw.org rwo rwerekana uko wahangana n’ibyo bibazo bizanwa no gucura, aho bavuga ko umugore ugeze mu gihe cyo gucura aramutse agize ibintu bimwe na bimwe byoroheje ahindura, bishobora kugabanya bimwe mu bibazo bijyana no gucura.

Bati “Abagore banywa itabi baramutse bariretse bishobora gutuma icyokere kigabanuka. Nanone abagore benshi iyo bagize ibyo bahindura mu mirire yabo bibagirira akamaro. Urugero, bashobora kugabanya cyangwa bakareka burundu inzoga, ibinyobwa birimo kafeyine, ibyo kurya birimo ibirungo byinshi cyangwa isukari, kuko bishobora kongera icyokere.

Birumvikana ariko ko kurya neza na byo ari iby’ingenzi. Ibyo byumvikanisha ko bagomba kurya indyo yuzuye kandi bagahinduranya”.

Bakomeza bavuga ko gukora siporo na byo bishobora kugabanya ibibazo bijyana no gucura, aho bishobora kugabanya ibibazo byo kubura ibitotsi, bikagabanya umushiha, bigatuma amagufa akomera, kandi bigatuma umugore arushaho kugira amagara mazima.

Ikigo cya EFOTEC ni kimwe mu bivugwaho guca amande abatinze kuza gutwara impamyabumenyi zabo

Abaganiriye na Kigali Today bize muri E.S.KANOMBE/EFOTEC bavuga ko iyo utinze kujya gutora impamyabumenyi (diplome), ucibwa amande y’ ibihumbi bitanu (5000frw) ku mwaka, uhereye ku mwaka ukurikira uwo izo mpamyabumenyi zasohokeyemo, ibintu batiyumvisha impamvu, ndetse bakanavuga ko kubera ubwinshi bw’ayo mafaranga hari abatayabona.

Umwe mu bize kuri icyo kigo utashatse ko izina rye rishyirwa mu nkuru wiga muri kaminuza y’u Rwanda, yagize ati “Njye narangije muri 2015, muri 2016 ndetse na 2017 narabahamagaye mbabaza ko dipolome zasohotse, bambwira ko ntazo. Nyuma naje kumenya ko zasohotse, ariko ko bari kwaka amande y’ibihumbi bitanu. Ubwo rero kuko ntayo mfite nabaye ndetse, ninyabona nzajya kuyitora.”

Kimwe na mugenzi we witegura kurangiza kaminuza uyu mwaka, yavuze ko nyuma yo kugera mu kigo bakareba ko nta mwenda w’ikigo cyangwa igikoresho yaba yarajyanye atishyuye bagasanga nta kibazo afite, bamwishyuje amande gusa.

Ati “Njye narangije muri 2014, ngiye kuyizana muri 2018, bambwira ko usibye umwaka wa 2015 dipolome zasohotsemo, indi myaka itatu yose ngomba kuyishyura ibihumbi 15000frw. Ntayo nari nitwaje rero nahise ntaha kandi ndayikeneye cyane.”

Undi wahize agaragaza ko ari ibintu bisanzwe ku kigo cyabo kuko yari yarabyumvanye abamubanjirije.

Ati “Narangije muri 2015, noneho njya kuyifata muri 2018. Ariko kuko numvaga ari ibisanzwe kuko batubwiraga ko umuntu watinze gufata dipolome acibwa amande y’ibihumbi bitanu, ndayishyura. Nishyuye kuri konti y’ikigo ibihumbi icumi(10000) by’imyaka 2 y’ubukererwe, kuko umucungamutungo atari ahari nyisigira umuyobozi ushinzwe amasomo, abasha kumpa dipolome.”

Ni mu gihe umuyobozi ushinzwe amasomo (Préfet des études) Karamuka Anaclet wo muri icyo kigo we yabwiye Kigali Today ko Atari we utanga amakuru y’ikigo, ko bagomba kwibariza umuyobozi, kuko we ntaho ahurira n’amafaranga.

Ati “Njye icyo nshinzwe ni ugutanga dipolome gusa. Iyo umwana bamusinyiye ko nta kibazo afitanye n’ikigo, araza nkamuha ibyangombwa.”

Tumukunde Monique uyobora ikigo cya EFOTEC yahakanye ibyo bavugwaho byo guca amande abarangije bagatinda kuza gutwara Diplome zabo

Kigali Today iganiriza umuyobozi w’ikigo Tumukunde Monique, yavuze ko nta faranga na rimwe baka umunyeshuri ngo ahabwe ibyangombwa, kuko nta n’ahantu byanditse.

Ati “Dipolome zikimara gusohoka, duhita tubibamenyesha dukoresheje nimero z’ababyeyi babo twari dusanzwe tuvuganiraho. Abatabimenya ni ababa barahinduye nimero, ariko igihe baziye turazibaha nta mananiza. Imbogamizi ziza ku munyeshuri uba waragiye hanze, agatuma undi kuyimufatira. We tumutuma ibyemezo by’icyo bapfana, kugira ngo twemeze neza ko ibyangombwa bigiye kuri nyirabyo.”

Ubuyobozi bw’ikigo E.S.KANOMBE/EFOTEC buvuga ko umuntu ucibwa amafaranga ngo ahabwe ibyangombwa ari uwagiye hari amafaranga y’ishuri atishyuye, cyangwa ibitabo atatiruye, bityo akaba agomba kubanza kubyishyura. Icyakora abaharangije bo bavuga ko n’iyo nta kibazo mwari mufitanye ugomba kwishyura amande y’ubukererwe bwo kujya gutora ibyangombwa, bityo bakaba basaba ko ayo mafaranga yavaho, kuko baje kumenya ko atari Minisiteri y’Uburezi yayashyizeho.

Usibye kuri iki kigo kandi hari abandi bize ku bindi bigo bavuga ko iby’ayo mande ari rusange, ko n’ahandi atangwa ariko bagasaba ko yavaho kuko ngo bishobora kuba bikorwa mu buryo budakwiye, ahubwo bikaba bikorwa mu nyungu z’ibigo by’amashuri.

Muganga Rutangarwamaboko

Ese ni umuco Nyarwanda baba bavuga? Ese ubundi umuco ni iki? Ese guta umuco bikorwa ryari, bigakorwa nande? Ese gukura k’umuco bikuraho umwimerere wawo?

Abaganiriye na Kigali today, bagaragaje imyumvire itandukanye y’uko bumva guta cyangwa kwica umuco bivuze.

Bamwe bagaragaje bo batabona ko ari umuco Nyarwanda ababivuga baba bavuga, ko ahubwo babona ari uwa gikirisitu cyangwa uw’amadini, kuko byinshi mu byo bagenderaho bavuga ko umuntu yishe umuco biba byarazanywe n’abakoloni b’abazungu bitwaje amadini, bikaza kwitirirwa umuco Nyarwanda.

Ku rundi ruhande ariko, hari n’abemera ko n’umuco Nyarwanda wangiritse, ndetse ko hari ibyo umuntu akora ukabona ko arimo awica.

Nyiramana Donatha, ni umunyeshuri muri kaminuza imwe muri Kigali. Avuga ko we atemeranya n’abavuga ko umuco wapfuye ari umuco Nyarwanda.

Ati “Hari ababona umukobwa wambaye ‘mini jupe’ (ijipo ngufi), bati yataye umuco. Kandi tuzi ko mu muco Nyarwanda, abakobwa biyambariraga impu zihishe igitsina gusa, kenshi ntibahishe n’amabere, nyuma abakoroni bakazana imyenda. Njye numva baba bavuze uwa gikirisitu rwose”!

Manzi Boris we agira ati “Abanyarwanda baretse ibyabo noneho bisanisha n’abanyamahanga, bashaka kwitwara nka bo, bibagirwa gakondo yabo. Kenshi bitiranya umuco Nyarwanda n’uw’abanyamahanga”.

Ndagijimana Claver we yumva ko guta umuco ari uguta indangagaciro na kirazira bikwiriye inyangamugayo.

Ati “Niba uzi ko iwanyu mu gace runaka badapfumura amazuru kandi ari ho utuye, warangiza ukaripfumura uzi neza ko bizagaragara nabi ku bakureba, ukima agaciro ibizakuvugwaho, menya ko uzaba warenze ihaniro. Uzaba wataye umuco. Nyamara umwana w’inshuti yawe uzava muri Amerika yararipfumuye ntazitwa ko yataye umuco, kuko iwabo kuripfumura ari ibisanzwe”.

Ibyo bishimangirwa na Muganga Rutangarwamaboko, inzobere mu by’umuco n’ amateka, akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo Nyarwanda cy’ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, aho avuga ko nta mpamvu yo gutanga urugero rw’uwishe umuco ngo uhere ku muntu utambaye, cyangwa ngo uvuge ko nta muco yishe kuko Abanyarwanda ba kera batambaraga, kuko biba bigaragaza ubivuze ko atazi umuco.

Ati “Icyo gihe uba urebye ku bigaragara gusa, wirengagije ibitagaragara. Ntabwo Abanyarwanda bigeze bafata umuco nko kwambara cyangwa kutambara, nubwo uko wambaye bikugaragaza na none bikerekana uwo uri we.

Nyir’izina yo kugira umuco no kutawugira, ntabwo byari ibyo bigaragara gusa, n’ubwo abantu babireberaho bakibwira uwo uri we. Ahanini babaga bavuga umutima”.

Muganga Rutangarwamaboko akomeza avuga ko umutima ari na ryo ryari izingiro ry’u Rwanda n’Ubunyarwanda. Noneho rero ugasanga no kwambara, Abanyarwanda baragiye bambara imyambaro ijyanye n’igihe bitewe n’uko ibihe byabaga bimeze, n’uko babaga bafite.

Avuga kandi ko mu bihe ibyo ari byo byose, bageragezaga guhisha isoni z’ubwambure bwabo, ari byo nk’imyanya bafata nk’iy’ibanga, nko ku bitsina no ku mabere, bitewe n’uko umukobwa yagendaga akura, ndetse ugasanga abagabo rimwe na rimwe agenda yambaye ubusa hejuru, ariko abakobwa bakambara vuba.

Ati “Ni wa mutima bagiraga wo kwerekana ko ubwambure bw’umugore bugomba guhishwa cyane kurusha ubw’umugabo, no mu gihe cy’amaburakindi imyambaro yabaye mikeya yaharirwaga umugore, kuko ni ba mutima w’urugo! Noneho bakazana cya kintu cy’agapfundikiye gatera amatsiko, ndetse ko umunyu wabunze witwa ivu”!

Akomeza avuga ko nta gihe mu muco Nyarwanda babagaho batambara, ku buryo wabyitwaza ngo wambare impenure, ko ahubwo Abanyarwanda bakoreshaga uko bashoboye bagashaka icyo bakinga ku bwambure bwabo, ahubwo wakwambara ibitagukwiye neza ukaba uri mu kiciro cy’abakene.

Avuga ko no mu gihe cy’impuzu, impu, ibicirane n’ibindi, habaga imyambaro uko abantu bagenda barutanwa mu bushobozi, aho wasangaga abagore b’abatware cyangwa abana babo bambara ibinyita, ibicirane n’ibindi byambarwaga n’abifite bihisha isoni zabo.

Ati “Uwambaraga neza n’ubundi yaserukaga neza, utambaye neza n’ubundi yagaragaraga nka rubanda rwo hasi rudafite n’ubushobozi. Nubwo abantu bashobora gukura ibintu ahandi, mu gihe Abanyarwanda babonaga imyambaro, ntibahisemo undi mwambaro uwo ari wo wose keretse ikizibaho!

Byaje byitwa amakanzu, n’andi mazina y’amahanga, Abanyarwanda bo bakibonye bakita ikizibaho, nk’igisobanuro cyo kuziba icyuho. Iyo ibintu wabifashe ukabigira ibyawe, ukabishyira mu buzima bwawe, ukanabyita amazina yawe, ubwo biba byabaye ibyawe”.

Muganga Rutangarwamaboko, asobanura ko iyo bavuze ko umuco wapfuye bitangirira ku kubura umutima, ukibagirwa ko amata agira gitereka, ukibagirwa ko ku ruhimbi atari nko ku karubanda, ukayoberwa ko imyanya y’ibanga yawe hari uwo igenewe, itagenewe abantu bose.

Ati “Ni ukuvuga ngo ku Banyarwanda, guta umuco ntabwo ari mu bigaragara, ahubwo biza cyane mu bitagaragara, icyakora noneho rero bigatunguka n’inyuma, bati ni mumureke! Zakuyeho uriya! Nta soni akigira! Kandi koko iyo udafite umutima biragaragara, kuko baravuga ngo akuzuye umutima gasesekara ku munwa.

Guta umuco ku Banyarwanda rero, ni ukuba utagiha agaciro ibigafite, wowe ukavuga ngo ibyo ni ibyanjye njyenyine, ntawundi bireba, ariko ukibagirwa ko uburenganzira bwawe burangirira aho ubw’abandi butangirira”.

Akomeza avuga ko abantu bitiranya gukura k’umuco cyangwa no gutira, bakabyitiranya no kugira ngo umuntu areke iby’iwabo afate iby’ahandi.

Ati “Buriya umuco wacu ntabwo wakuze ahubwo wasubiye inyuma. Aho umuco wapfiriye ntukure ahubwo ugasyigingira, ni uko twaretse aho twari tugereje twirukankira iby’ahandi byamaze gukorwa, turabigura tukabizana.

Kandi ubwongubwo nk’uko ba sogokuruza bamenye ko tugomba kwambara bagahanga imyambaro ikoze mu mpu n’ibindi, ntitwakomerezaho mu gihe imyenda yazaga ngo duhere ku byo dufite, abajya kwiga bagahanga imyambaro iturutse ku byo twari dufite, bakabiteza imbere”.

Inteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco isanga umuco ari isangano ry’ibimenyetso byihariye biranga umuryango runaka w’abantu bikagaragarira mu mitekerereze, imikorere, imyifatire mu bumenyi no mu mvugo by’imbaga igize uwo muryango.

Bakavuga kandi ko umuco uturuka ku bintu bitatu (3) by’ingenzi ari byo umurage, ibihangano n’ibitirano, aho basobanura ibi bikurikira:

Umurage: Ni ibyo abasekuru badusigiye kandi tugenderaho bikaturanga bikatwitirirwa.

Ibitirano: Ni ibyo tuvana mu bindi bihugu. Aha rero ni ho abenegihugu, abahuriye ku muco runaka ubaranga basabwa kuba maso bagashungura, bakagosora bakemeranya ibyo bakira bikabaranga mu muco wabo babikuye mu mico y’ahandi, kuko ibyiza by’abandi si ko buri gihe biba ari ibyiza mu muco wundi runaka.

Ibihangano: Ni ibyo abantu bahanga bigamije gusubiza ibibazo barimo, bakabyifashisha hanyuma bikaza kurangira byiswe umuco wabo.

Umuco Nyarwanda rero ni ishingiro ry’ituze mu muryango w’Abanyarwanda, kuko uhuza abanyarwanda mu mikorere, mu mihango, mu migenzo, mu mitekerereze, mu bihangano byabo kuko bawusangiye kandi ukabaranga.

Ni mu gihe urubuga rwa www.minispoc.gov.rw na rwo rugira ruti “Ijambo umuco rikomoka ku nshinga “guca”, akaba ari yo mpamvu bagira bati ‘Uyu mwana afite ingeso nziza aca kuri se cyangwa kuri nyina’. Ibi bisobanura ko umuco ari ibyo dukomora ku batubanjirije”.

Ariko kandi, nk’uko Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku burezi, ubumenyi n’Umuco (UNESCO) ribivuga, umuco ni uruhurirane rw’uburyo n’ubushobozi abantu bubaka, amateka y’imibereho n’imibanire byabo bahereye ku bumenyi bakomora ku bakurambere babo”.

Habaho kandi n’urota kenshi mu ijoro, urota avuga cyangwa akora, rimwe na rimwe ibyo warose ukabyibuka, cyangwa ukabyibagirwa.

Nkuko urubuga https://chambersandblohm.com/lets-talk-aboutdreams/ rubivuga, inzozi ni uruhererekane rw’amashusho, ibitekerezo n’amarangamutima bikunda kwizana mu bwonko cyangwa mu ntekerezo z’umuntu mu gihe runaka cyo gusinzira.

Ibiri n’ibigamijwe mu nzozi ntibiba byumvikana neza, nubwo biba bifite insanganyamatsiko zishingiye ku nyungu z’ubumenyi (siyansi), imbonezamitekerereze, ndetse n’iyobokamana biciye mu mateka yabitswe.

Kigali Today yagerageje kumenya ibyerekeye inzozi umuntu arota, maze iganira na Albert Gakwaya, inzobere mu mitekerereze ya muntu (Psychologie) ndetse no mu by’imikorere n’imihindagurikire ijyanye n’ibitsina (Sexologie).

Gakwaya asobanura byimbitse ko inzozi hari igihe ziterwa nuko wavutse, kuko kuva umuntu agisamwa, imibanire y’ababyeyi be hari amakuru ijya imuha akajyenda ayibikamo, muri ayo makuru hakabamo ameza n’amabi.

Ariko no mu nda ya nyina, iyo umubyeyi w’umugore n’umugabo bavugana nabi, bigira uruhare mu gutanga amakuru ku mwana.

Muri ya makuru wowe uha umwana, hari icyo biba bimusobanuriye. Iyo avutse rero, hari amakuru agenda amwiremamo gahoro gahoro, amubabaza akagira aho yibika n’amushimisha akibika ukwayo.

Hari nibyo noneho ugenda ubwirwa, cyangwa ubuzwa, nko kudatukana n’ibindi, kandi uko ukura ari bwo uba wumva ufite ibigufu byinshi byo kumenagura ibintu, gukora buri kimwe cyose cyangwa ukagikinisha, ariko ugasanga mu mutwe wacu habamo amategeko ahora akwibutsa ko icyo kintu kibujijwe, ugahora witsinda nawe.

Nijoro rero iyo watsikamiye ibyo bintu cyane, umutwe wacu umeze nka kamera iri hanze, ifata akantu ako ari ko kose uretse umwuka.

Ibyo bintu byose rero biva mu mutwe, bikagenda byibika ahantu, ariko aho hantu hakageraho hakuzurirana.

Ati “Indoto mu by’ukuri mu mbonezamitekerereze, ni uguha uburenganzira aho hantu hibitse ayo makuru, ni ugufasha umuntu guha umwanya bimwe yatsikamiye, bya bindi umubiri wibitsemo bigira aho bijya, umuntu akabirota”.

Avuga kandi ko ku mwana muto wo mu kigero cy’imyaka icyenda kumanura, akenshi arota ibyo yiriwemo. Ariko inzozi zikunze kugaruka, ari izo umuntu aba yaratsikamiye, kandi ko iyo umuntu asinziriye, ari bwo ya mategeko n’abamugenzura yiremyemo baba bagiye kuruhuka, akaba ameze nk’uri mu bwigenge.

Avuga ko cyane ku bangavu n’ingimbi, bakunze kurota ibintu bitabaho, nko kurota uguruka, n’ibindi, bakaba babiterwa n’ibyifuzo byabo biberamo, inkuru nyinshi baganira n’urungano, imigani y’amakabyankuru bacirwa, amasinema bareba n’ibindi.

Ati “Ibibi tubona mu buzima bwacu buhoraho, ni byo byibika muri bwa bubiko bwacu, ubwonko bukora ku buryo buzahora bubikwibutsa, ku buryo iyo hagarutse cya kibi muri za ndoto, kugira ngo wongere usinzire urabyuka ukongera ukabitekerezaho, ugasubiza inyuma uko wa wundi yaguhemukiye, cya kindi cyakubabaje, bityoo! Ni bwo Abanyarwanda bagira bati ‘uwarose nabi burinda bucya”.

Albert Gakwaya akomeza avuga ko nta gihe ushobora gukanguka ngo ukomereze inzozi zawe aho wari ugereje, kuko iyo ukangutse, uba usubiye mu buzima busanzwe bwo kwitsinda no kugenzurwa.

Ati “Nta muntu ubundi ubaho utarota! Ahubwo ushobora kuba warose ukabyibagirwa, cyangwa hakabaho n’umuntu utajya usinzira agakomeza agatekerezaaa. Iyo agatotsi kamutwaye arotamo gacyeya”.

Agira inama abantu ko atari byiza kurara wumva radiyo, kuko bituma ubwonko bufata gahunda yo guhora bubika ibyo buri kumva, kuko mu busanzwe ubwonko butajya buruhuka.

Si byiza kandi gukangura umuntu umukanze, kuko byamuviramo indwara y’umutima, byarimba hakazamo n’urupfu.

Mu gihe umuntu arota avuga cyangwa agenda, reka kumukangurana urusaku cyangwa ikintu kimukanga.

Mu rwego rwo guha ubufasha umuntu ukunda kurota nabi, arira, avuza induru, n’ibindi, banza umenye neza amateka ye, cyangwa ashake umuntu yisanzuraho baganire, amwifungurire, kuko biterwa no kuba hari ibyo yapfukiranye byamuteye ibikomere, bikomeza kumuzamo mu gihe cy’inzozi.

Modeste Nsanzabaganwa, ukuriye ishami ry’ururimi n’umuco muri RALC

Aha ni ho wasangaga babita ba Ntwari, Mutunzi, Mukire, Cyogere n’andi nk’ayo wasangaga bita umwana izina ry’intwari runaka yabayeho kugira ngo na we azabe yo.

Ni ho wasangaga amazina nka Ndoli, Rwabugili, Mpilimbanyi, Kamananga n’ayandi.

Muri make, amazina bitaga umwana, yabaga ari ayo kumwifuriza imigisha y’uburyo bwose, kimwe n’uko umubyeyi yitanga umwana bitewe n’uburyo abayeho.

Imvugo bakoreshaga ni yo bakunze kwita ‘Kugenura’, ari na ho hava amazina y’amagenurano. Usibye ko amazina yose yaba meza cyangwa mabi, aba afite icyo bahereyeho bayita.

Modeste Nsanzabaganwa, umuyobozi w’ishami ry’ururimi mu Nteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco (RALC), ashimangira ko amazina ari imvamutima y’ugiye kwita, ndetse kugira ngo umenye impamvu y’izina ubaza uwaritanze kuko aba ari we uzi impamvu y’izina, akaba ari yo aheraho agenura.

Ati “Bagenuraga ikintu cyabaye kenshi kibi. Bagenderaga ku kintu batishimiye. Ari ibyishimo, ntabwo bakundaga kubigenura cyane, ariko iyo wasangaga umwana avutse mu gihe utumvikana n’umuturanyi, cyangwa n’umutware, ukamwita ‘Nsanzurwimo’.

Umwana yavuka hari umuntu ukubangamiye, ariko wumva ko uzabarwanya, uri mu kuri kwawe, nta cyo bagutwara, ukamwita ‘Baribeshya’. Ikindi kintu bagenderagaho bagenura, ni ikintu kitameze neza cyabaye, uretse ko amazina aba ahatse byinshi.”

Nk’uko urubuga www.wikirwanda.org rubivuga, abakurambere bacu, bari bafite ubugenge n’ubucurabwenge bwo kwita umwana izina, kwita izina bikagendana ahanini n’impamvu z’ingenzi zikurikira:

Bitaga izina bakurikije igihe barimo bamubyara

Iyi mpamvu yagendanaga n’uko imibereho y’umuryango uwo mwana avukamo yifashe mu gihe uwo mwana yavukaga, bikagendana kandi n’uko igihugu kifashe muri rusange. Ni yo mpamvu bafatiraga ku bintu byinshi, birimo:

Uko babanye n’abaturanyi, niba babanye neza, ugasanga barita ba Mugenzi, Nkundabagenzi, Ngirabakunzi n’ayandi, baba batameranya neza, ni ho wasangaga bita ba Ntamuturano, Sibomana, Mpitabazenga, Mpitabanyika n’ayandi.

Hari kandi n’ubwo bitaga bitewe n’uko mu gihugu byifashe, aho bafatiraga ku mutekano, bakita ba Ntambara, Rugamba, aho amashyaka aziye bita ba Murwanashyaka, Mukashyaka n’ayandi.

Bitaga umwana izina bitewe n’icyo bamwifuriza ko azaba

Abanyarwanda kandi, bitaga umwana izina bitewe n’icyo bamwifuriza ko azaba. Aha ni ho wasangaga babita ba Ntwari, Mutunzi, Mukire, Cyogere n’andi nk’ayo. Aha ni ho wanasangaga bita umwana izina ry’intwari runaka yabayeho kugira ngo na we azabe yo, ni ho wasangaga amazina nka Ndoli, Rwabugili, Mpilimbanyi, Kamananga, n’ayandi.

Muri make amazina bitaga umwana, yabaga ari ayo kumwifuriza imigisha y’uburyo bwose.

Icyo tutakwirengagiza aha ni uko bashoboraga kwita umwana izina, rikazamukururira imivumo mu minsi yo kubaho kwe yose, aha niho havuye ya mvugo ikoreshwa kenshi ngo “Izina ni ryo Muntu”.

Iyo umwana umwise Rubebe, aba Rubebe nta kabuza, wamwita izina ry’umuntu mubi wabayeho cyangwa w’indwanyi, igihugu akakiyogoza. Iyo wamwitaga izina rijyanye n’uburyo utabanye neza n’abaturanyi, na byo byamugiragaho ingaruka mbi mu mibereho ye bakaba banamugirira nabi, kuko nta cyiza babaga bamutezeho.

Umwihariko w’amazina amwe n’amwe

Hari amazina yakundaga kugira umwihariko wayo. Ayo mazina ni nk’ayo bitaga abana bavutse ari impanga, aho bakungaga kubita ba Gakuru na Gatoya. Hakaza n’ayo bitaga umwana wavutse ari uwa Karindwi, aho bamwitaga Nyandwi, Rwasa, Nyamwasa n’ayandi.

Umwana wa munani, bakamwita Minani, Nyaminani, n’andi, uwa cyenda bakamwita Nyabyenda, Mwenda n’ayandi, uwa cumi bakamwita Macumi n’ayandi, naho uwa cumi n’umwe ari we wakunze kuba ihame ryo gucura kw’abagore bo hambere, bakundaga kumwita Misago.

Hakaba n’amazina yabaga afite umwihariko w’amazina atarakundaga kubaho kenshi, w’abana babaga barapfushije ba se bakabasiga mu nda, ni ho wasangaga babita ba Misigaro, Bisigara n’ayandi.

Hari kandi amazina yabaga afite igisobanuro kihishe, ku buryo guhita ufindura icyo rivuga bigomba ubuhanga n’ubunararibonye.

Urugero ni nk’izina Rutayisire aho risobanuye ‘rutamujyanye’, hakaba n’andi afite ibisobanuro bitandukanye nk’uko abaganiriye na Kigali Today babivuga.

Umukecuru witwa Nyiramana w’imyaka 70 ati “Iyo abana bavukaga ari impanga hanyuma umwe agapfa, iyo mwajyaga kumushyingura, mwabashyiraga mu mva bombi, noneho hakaza umuntu ugiye gukuramo umwe muzima wapfushije mugenzi we, akiyamira avuga ko yitoreye akana! Kuva ubwo bagahita bamwita Gatorano.”

Modeste Nsanzabaganwa we akomeza avuga ko Gatorano rifite ibisobaniro byinshi ati “Gatorano rishobora kuvuga byinshi cyane. Ashobora kuba ari umwana mwatoye ahantu, abamubyaye bakamuta mukamwitorera, mugahita mumwita mutyo. Ariko kandi, hari n’ikindi kintu Gatorano rivuze. Bivuga kugabana.

Bishatse kuvuga ko ubyaye upfusha, ukaba umaze imyaka ubyara upfusha, uba utoranye n’urupfu. Bishatse kuvuga ko ugabanye na rwo, rutwara bamwe nawe usigaranye abandi.”

Akomeza avuga ko hari amazina y’amatirano yaturutse mu zindi ndimi ariko yabaye amanyarwanda kubera amateka y’iyaguka ry’igihugu, ukaba utapfa kumenya igisobanuro cyayo, nka Kagoyire, Kayirangwa, Kayirebwa, n’andi menshi.

Ati “Hari n’izina ry’umwana ukurikira impanga, bamwita ‘Cyiza’, ariko kandi usanga no mu mahanga barifite. Cyangwa baryise umwana bamubyinirira kuko ari mwiza.”

Nsanzabaganwa asobanura ko kubera gutinya urupfu, Abanyarwanda bakundaga kwita abana babo amazina y’inyamanswa, kugira ngo urupfu rubatinye, ndetse runabanene rubafate nk’inyamanswa ntirubabone nk’abantu kugirango rutabajyana.

Ati “Urumva cyera nta nkingo zabagaho z’indwara, yewe nta n’umubyeyi wabyariraga kwa muganga, wasangaga yarabyariraga mu rugo, ndetse akabyazwa na mugenzi we, ugasanga abana benshi bakunda guhura n’impfu nyinshi. Uwabyaraga apfusha rero, yahitaga yita undi abyaye bene ayo mazina, kugira ngo urupfu rutongera kumuhekura.”

Avuga ko hari andi mazina abanyarwanda bitaga abana babo kubera kutizera ko bazabaho, aho bagiraga bati ‘Nzamwitakuze, Nzabanita, n’andi menshi, hakaba n’andi bitaga bitewe n’igihe umwana avukiye, yavuka hari imyaka yeze bakayimwitirira, aho bagiraga bati ‘Semasaka, Nyirakagari, n’ayandi.

Habagaho kandi n’andi bitiriraga inshuti zabo, kuko ukunda umuntu ukamwitirira umwana wawe.

Abana baje kurya ubunnyano babanzaga gukora ibisa no guhinga

Umuhango wo kurya ubunnyano ,wakorwaga umwana amaze iminsi 8 avutse. Bafataga amasuka y’udufuni, bagaha abana bakiri bato, bakajya guhinga hafi aho y’urugo. Iyo bamaraga guhingura bajyaga mu rugo, bagasanga babateguriye intara bashyizeho ibyo kurya.

Ku ntara basasagaho amakoma (ibirere), bagashyiraho ibishyimbo bacucumiyemo imboga, kandi bagizemo utubumbe twinshi, buri mwana akagira akabumbe ke. Akabumbe kose kabaga kageretseho agasate k’umutsima.

Bazanaga amata y’inshyushyu n’ay’ikivuguto bagatereka aho, abana bakaza bakabaha amazi bagakaraba bakarya, bakabaha n’amata bakanywa bose uko bangana. Ng’uko kurya ubunnyano.

Kubyita ubunnyano ni uko babaga babigize utubumbe twinshi tumeze nk’utwo umwana annya impande zose.

Iyo bamaraga kurya, ntibabahaga amazi yo gukaraba, barazaga bagahanaguriza intoki zabo ku mabere ya wa mubyeyi, bavuga bati, ‘Urabyare abana benshi, abahungu n’abakobwa’ nuko abana bakita uruhinja amazina.
Abana ntibatahaga iwabo imuhira, na nyina w’umwana ntiyahagurukaga aho yicaye, kereka umwana abanje kunnya cyangwa se kunyara. Nyina yabaga yamuhaye amata, yamuhaye ibere, agira ngo annye cyangwa anyare vuba. Iyo umwana yabaga yatinze kunnya cyangwa se kunyara, bamutamikaga itabi akaruka, bakabona kugenda. Kugenderaho ni ugusurira umwana nabi, agapfa. Ubwo buryo akaba ari bwo buryo bwo kurya ubunnyano bwakoreshwaga mu Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo.

Nk’uko urubuga www.wikirwanda.org rukomeza rubisobanura, mu Ngoma y’i Gisaka cy’Epfo na hamwe mu Buganza, abana bafite akabyino babyinaga, bajya gusuka ku nsina ibyo bakuye ku kiriri (ibyo basigaje barya ubunnyano). Insina akenshi yabaga ari iy’inyamunyo. Haza abana umunani, bane b’abahungu na bane b’abakobwa, bose b’amasugi(bafite ba se na ba nyina).

Barazaga bagakikiza urutaro (intara) bayoreyeho ibyo ku kiriri,bakayiterurira rimwe bagenda urunana bakabyina ngo :Bwerere yavutse,bwerere yakura,bwerere yavoma ,bwerere yasenya (yatashya),bwerere yahinga…..Bagasuka ku nsina bavuga ngo :Dore aho nyoko yakubyariye”

Bajyaga no ku yindi nsina babyina kwa kundi. Batanga insina ebyiri cyangwa se eshatu, bagasukaho ibyo ku kiriri. Insina basukagaho ibyo ku kiriri yerekanwa n’umugore washashe ikiriri. Insina iba iy’umwana, ababyeyi bazira kuyimunyaga. Iyo ari umukobwa agashyingirwa kure, igitoki cyayo barakimugemurira.

Kwita izina cyangwa guterura umwana nyirizina

Iyo bamaraga kurya ubunnyano, umwana yanyaye akanannya, bwamaraga kwira abana bagasubira iwabo. Umugore agasasa, noneho agataha ku buriri akararana n’umugabo we, ariko umwe akirinda undi. Igihe cyo mu museke, umugabo akabwira umugore ngo naze baterure umwana (gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina).

Barangiza, umugabo agasohoka akajya hanze, yava hanze, akaza agasanga umugore yamushyiriye intebe mu irebe ry’umuryango. Iyo umugabo yateruraga umwana atavuye hanze, ngo biba ari ukumuvutsa ibyiza, akazapfa atagize icyo yimarira. Nuko umugabo akaza akicara ku ntebe ati: “Mpa uwo mwana yewe wa mugore we” Umugore akamuhereza umwana. Se w’umwana akamusimbiza agira ati: “Kura ujye ejuru, nkwise kanaka”.

Umugore na we iyo ashatse yita umwana izina. Ajya kumwita izina, akagira ati: “Nnya aha, nyara aha, nkwise kanaka” ubwo akita umwana izina. Akongera ati: “Nnya aha,nyara aha,nkwise kanaka”.

Izina rihama na none ni iryo umwana yiswe na Se.

Ng’iyo imvano n’impamvu yo kurya ubunnyano mu Rwanda rwo ha mbere.

Kwita izina no kurya ubunnyano ubu bikorwa bite?

Ugereranyije uko uyu mugenzo wakorwaga hambere, n’uko ukorwa ubu usanga bisa n’ibihabanye, kuko kuri ubu hajemo iterambere ryinshi ndetse n’ikoranabuhanga, aho umwana aba akivuka agahita ahabwa izina uwo munsi, kuko aba yavukiye kwa muganga kandi akeneye kwandikwa ku ifishi y’ikingira, ndetse no mu irangamimerere.

Mu kiganiro Kigali Today yagiranye n’ingeri z’abantu zitandukanye, bagaragaza ko hari itandukaniro riri hagati y’umuhango wo hambere wo kwita izina, n’uw’ubu kubera impamvu zitandukanye, ndetse ko bitagihabwa agaciro nka mbere.

Ishimwe Mariam yagize ati “Kuri ubu nta gaciro babiha ugereranyije na kera. Ariko ubu kuko haje iterambere umubyeyi ajya kubyara azi igitsina cy’umwana azabyara, bityo bakajya kubyara bararangije kumwita kera! Hari uwo twaganiriye ati ‘ka Benigne kanjye nikavuka ni wowe uzakabyara muri batisimu!’Nawe unyumvire! Harya ubwo ngo abo bazarya ubunnyano?”

Ishimwe akomeza avuga ko hari n’ubwo ababyeyi bava kwa muganga bararangije kwita umwana, ariko bagakora umuhango wo kwita izina no kurya ubunnyano nyuma y’iminsi 8, kugira ngo bubahirize umuhango.

Yakomeje avuga ko hari n’umwana witwa izina akanabatizwa hatitawe ku gihe yavukiye, bitewe n’uko kubona ibikenewe mu mihango yombi biba ari ingorabahizi.

Ati “Kuzigama ni byo birebwaho muri iki gihe, kuko ureba gutumira abantu ngo baze kwita izina kandi uzamubatirisha vuba, ukumva waba ubaze nabi. Kwita izina umwana bigendana n’iterambere ry’aho igihugu kigeze kuri ubu.”

Hari kandi abagaragaza ko hari imbogamizi z’uko biba ari itegeko ryo kwandikisha umwana akiri kwa muganga, n’ubwo ari byiza kuko bifasha umwana kuva kwa muganga ahawe inkingo zagenwe, ndetse akandikwa mu gitabo cy’irangamimerere mu buryo bworoshye.

Kigali Today kandi yaganiriye na Muganga Rutangarwamaboko, inzobere mu by’umuco n’ amateka akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo nyarwanda cy’ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, agira icyo abivugaho.

Ati “Birababangamiye cyane kandi twe abaharanira ubusugire bw’ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, twagiye tubivuga mu nama zitandukanye. Gusa nkatwe ntibyigeze bitubaho, kuko iyo ubisobanuriye abaganga barabyumva ukazatanga izina umaze kwita. Ni na cyo cyatumye itegeko ryo kwandikisha umwana rishyirwaho rivuga ko ari iminsi 30.”

Dr Jacques Nzabonimpa, umuyobozi w’ishami ry’umuco mu Nteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco (RALC), aganira na Kigali Today, yavuze ko umuco ugenda uhinduka ujyanye n’igihe. Agaragaza ko uko byakorwaga kera ari uko umwana yategerezaga we n’umubyeyi we iminsi 8 atarajya hanze bakiri ku kiriri, maze ku munsi wo gusohora umwana bagahamagara inshuti n’abavandimwe cyane cyane abana bakaza kumwita izina no kurya ubunnyano.

Agira ati “Ibyo icyo byari bimaze byari ibintu 2 by’ingenzi ari byo: Kurinda umwana ukivuka utaragira amagara akomeye ngo adahura n’indwara zo hanze cyangwa iz’abandi bantu baza muri urwo rugo rwamwibarutse. Nyuma y’iyi minsi aba amaze kumenyera, n’umubiri we uba ushobora kwihanganira nyinshi mu ndwara yahura na zo.”

Akomeza agira ati “Hari kandi kumwakira mu muryango. Umwana wavutse ababyeyi be bamumurikiraga umuryango maze abagize umuryango bakamumenya na we akabamenya bityo umuryango ukamushyira mu bo ugomba kurengera no kwitaho. Uwo munsi kandi yahabwaga izina kugira ngo abo mu muryango bamenye uko bazajya bamuhamagara.”

Dr Nzabonimpa avuga ko muri iki gihe igihugu gifite amategeko y’irangamimerere kigenderaho, hakaba ndetse n’amadini yinjiye mu buzima no mu muco w’abanyarwanda.

Dr Nzabonimpa avuga ko iyo umwana avutse aba agomba kwandikwa mu irangamimerere, bityo akinjira mu muryango mugari w’Abanyarwanda, maze na wo ukiyemeza kumurengera no kumwitaho.

Ati “Abakirisitu hari abamubatiriza kwa muganga kubera umuco wa gikirisitu winjiye mu Banyarwanda. Kuba byarahindutse gutyo, icyo byari bigamije nticyavuyeho ahubwo cyarashimangiwe. Umwana yakirwa mu muryango w’Abanyarwanda biciye mu irangamimerere, mu muryango w’abemera binyuze mu kubatizwa n’ibindi. Twe tubona bitabangamirana gusa Abanyarwanda. Icyo bagomba kwibutswa ni uko bamye bita iyo mihango ‘Kurya ubunnyano’.”

Urubyiruko rwiyemeje kubiba amahoro

Uru rubyiriko rwahuguwe mu mushinga w’imyaka itatu watewe inkunga na USAID ugamije kwimakaza imibanire myiza y’Abanyarwanda.

Ku itariki ya 17 na 18 Nzeri 2019, ku rwibutso rwa Jenoside rwa Kigali ruherereye ku Gisozi, hahuriye amatsinda atatu y’abahuguriwe kubaka amahoro, harimo n’urubyiruko 192.

Muri ayo mahugurwa urubyiruko rwafashijwe kumenya amateka yaranze u Rwanda mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, rufashwa kumenya uburyo bwo komora ibikomere ku bagizweho ingaruka n’ayo mateka.

Banafashijwe kwihangira imirimo ibateza imbere, aho bahuguwe mu buryo bwo gufata amashusho n’amajwi, bakaba baragiye bafata inkuru zijyanye n’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge, bikifashishwa mu rwego rwo kugarura amahoro.

Nsengiyumva Ezra wo mu karere ka Karongi, avuga ko mbere atarabona ayo mahugurwa, yumvaga Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 ari amateka areba abo yabaye bahari, we bitamureba.

Avuga ko nyuma yaje kumenya ko amateka areba buri Munyarwanda, ndetse ko urubyiruko by’umwihariko bagomba gufata iya mbere mu komora ibikomere no kugarura amahoro arambye.

Ati “Ni abantu badufashije cyane mu kwigisha urubyiruko imibanire myiza, batwigisha amateka ya mbere ya Jenoside na nyuma yayo, kuko akenshi urubyiruko ntitwumvaga neza amateka ya Jenoside.

Nyuma yo guhugurwa namenye uko ntwara umuntu wahungabanye, menya uko nahugura bagenzi banjye bakirebera mu ndorerwamo y’amoko ndetse n’abakuru, ndetse twibumbira hamwe mu matsinda yo kwiteza imbere.”

Ndayishimiye Jean Baptiste wo mu karere ka Gisagara, ni umwe mu rubyiruko rwakuwe mu kigo ngororamuco cya Iwawa, na we uvuga ko nyuma yo guhugurwa yafashe umwanzuro wo kwimakaza amahoro aho atuye.

Ati “Icyo bamfashije muri iyi gahunda y’isanamitima no kubiba amahoro, ni uko tugomba kugenda aho dutuye, tugahinduka koko nyakuri.Twaragiye turahinduka, ndetse duhindura n’urundi rubyiruko, tuza kumenya ko buri muntu agomba kubaka amahoro, nyuma y’amateka yabaye.”

Umuyobozi w’itorero ry’igihugu Edouard Bamporiki, yavuze ko kubaka amahoro mu Rwanda, ubwo bigeze ku kubikora inzu ku nzu, bigakorwa n’abaturanyi, by’umwihariko urubyiruko nk’ejo hazaza h’u Rwanda, bigaragaza isura nziza u Rwanda ruzaba rufite mu gihe kizaza.

Bamporiki Edouard, umuyobozi w’itorero ry’igihugu

Ati “N’umwana w’imyaka 24 arakubwira ngo umuturanyi wanjye adafite amahoro nanjye ntayo mfite. Ni ibintu byiza cyane kandi bitanga icyizere mu mibanire y’Abanyarwanda”.

Nyuma y’uko habayeho inkiko gacaca hagatangira n’imirimo nsimburagifungo, byagaragaye ko hakenewe ubumwe n’ubwiyunge buvuye ku mutima, abantu bagashobora kubana neza, ari bwo havutse umushinga wo guharanira amahoro.

Ni umushinga wakoreye mu turere umunani, uhuza amatsinda atatu: amatsinda y’ibiganiro agizwe n’abantu 64, amatsinda y’isanamitima y’abantu 32, ndetse n’amatsinda y’urubyiruko rugamije kubaka amahoro agizwe n’abantu 192.

Ni umushinga wahurije hamwe abakoze Jenoside bafunguwe bagaruka mu buzima busanzwe, abarokotse Jenoside, Abanyarwanda batagize uruhare muri Jenoside ariko batahigwaga icyo gihe, abarokoye abandi bahigwaga icyo gihe, Abanyarwanda babaga hanze y’igihugu bari impunzi bakagaruka nyuma ya 1994, ndetse n’urubyiruko rwavutse nyuma ya Jenoside.

Abantu benshi bibaza urwego umuyobozi aba ariho kugira ngo ibyo atunze bitangire kugenzurwa n’urwego rw’umuvunyi? Ese iyo umuyobozi abeshye uru rwego bikamenyekana, ni uruhe rwego rumukurikirana? Ese haba hari abahanwe ku bwo kugaragaraho amakosa mu bugenzuzi bw’urwego rw’umuvunyi?

Mu kiganiro yagiranye na Kigali Today, Nkurunziza Jean Pierre umuvugizi w’Urwego rw’Umuvunyi, asobanura ko itegeko riteganya ko abayobozi kuva kuri Perezida wa Repubulika, abaminisitiri, abasenateri, abadepite, abasirikare n’abapolisi bafite ipeti rya ofisiye, abacamanza n’abashinjacyaha, abayobozi mu nzego zitandukanye, abacungamutungo, abacungamari, abacunga ibikoresho mu bigo bitandukanye, n’abandi bakozi ikigo cyabona ko ari ngombwa ko bashyirwa ku rutonde rw’ abagomba kugaragaza umutungo wabo, bose bagenzurwa n’urwego rw’umuvunyi.

Agira ati “Abakozi bagaragaza umutungo ni abo mu bigo bya Leta n’ibyo Leta ifitemo imigabane. Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rukora igenzura ku nkomoko y’umutungo wagaragajwe kugira ngo harebwe ko ibyagaragajwe bihuye n’ukuri”.

Akomeza avuga ko iyo bigaragaye ko hari uwabeshye hatangira iperereza, ryagaragaza ko nyir’ubwite atabasha gusobanura inkomoko y’umutungo we, ubugenzacyaha bw’ Urwego rw’Umuvunyi bugategura dosiye, igashyikirizwa ubushinjacyaha akaba ari bwo bufata icyemezo cyo kuyiregera urukiko cyangwa kuyishyingura.

Ati “Ariko ashobora no gukurikiranwa na ‘RIB’ (urwego rw’ubugenzacyaha).”

Nkurunziza Jean Pierre avuga ko Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rufite amadosiye y’abayobozi bagiye bahamwa n’icyaha cyo kutabasha gusobanura inkomoko y’umutungo wabo, bamwe bakaba barakatiwe bakanasabwa kwishyura amafaranga angana n’imitungo batabashije gusobanura inkomoko yayo, abandi amadosiye yabo akaba yarashyikirijwe ubushinjacyaha, andi akaba ari mu bugenzacyaha.

Urwego rw’Umuvunyi rwateganyijwe mu ngingo ya 182 y’itegeko nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda ryo kuwa 04/06/2003, rushyirwaho n’itegeko nomero 25/2003 ryo kuwa 15 Kanama 2003 ryaje kuvugururwa n’itegeko no 17/2005 ryo kuwa 18/08/2005.

Mu nshingano nkuru z’urwego rw’umuvunyi hakaba hari mo guhuza umuturage n’inzego z’ubutegetsi za Leta n’izigenga, gukumira no kurwanya akarengane, ruswa n’ibyaha bifitanye isano na yo mu nzego za Leta n’izigenga.

Rushinzwe kandi kwakira no gusuzuma ibirego by’abantu ku giti cyabo n’amashyirahamwe yigenga byerekeye ibikorwa by’abakozi ba Leta, iby’inzego zayo n’iby’abikorera, no gukangurira abo bakozi n’izo nzego gushakira umuti ibyo bibazo iyo rusanze bifite ishingiro
Uru rwego runashinzwe kwakira, kubika no gukurikirana buri mwaka inyandiko zigaragaza imitungo nyakuri y’abayobozi b’igihugu kuva ku rwego rwo hejuru kugera ku rwo hasi n’abandi bakozi bateganywa n’itegeko.

Ibyo bizamini bikosorwa n’abarimu baba batoranyijwe mu gihugu hose, nyuma yo kwandika babisaba, abujuje ibisabwa bagahabwa ikizamini, hanyuma abagitsinze bagahabwa ako kazi.

Kwiyandikisha ku barimu bagomba gukosora ibizamini bya Leta by’uyu mwaka wa 2019, byatangiye tariki ya 01 bikazageza kuri 15 Nzeri 2019.

Kigali Today yashatse kumenya icyo bagenderaho batoranya abakosora, ubwoko bw’ibizami abatoranyijwe bahabwa, ndetse niba hari n’inyungu ukosora akuramo.

Abaganiriye na Kigali Today basobanuye ko buri mwarimu aba afite uburenganzira bwo gusaba gukosora ibizamini bya Leta mu cyiciro yigishamo, kandi ko abatoranyijwe bakora ibizamini mu isomo (subject) bazakosora bageze aho bakosorera, hanyuma abagize hejuru y’amanota 60% bakaba aribo bemererwa, naho abagize munsi yayo bakitahira.

Bavuga kandi ko umwarimu ukosora ikizamini cya Leta aba agenewe umushahara w’amafaranga y’u Rwanda 360 ku wakosoye umunyeshuri umwe wo mu cyiciro gisoza amashuri yisumbuye (A’level), 316Frs ku wakosoye umunyeshuri umwe wo mu cyiciro rusange (O’Level) na 220Frws ku mwarimu wakosoye umunyeshuri usoza icyiciro cy’amashuri abanza (P6).

Ibi bisobanuye ko umwarimo ahembwa amafaranga bitewe n’umubare w’abanyeshuri yakosoye mu cyiciro yakosoyemo.

Umuyobozi w’ikigo cy’amashuri cya G.S Mwendo mu karere ka Bugesera, Ntakaziraho Venuste, agira ati “Iyo bagezeyo bakora ikizamini cyakozwe n’abanyeshuri bakagira inota bafatiraho utarigezeho agataha. Ikindi ni uko hari ibigenderwaho (Criteria), nk’ ingengabihe igaragaza amasomo umwarimu usaba gukosora yigisha (time table), isinywe n’umuyobozi w’ishuri, kopi y’impamyabumenyi ndetse n’indangamuntu, waba warigeze gukosora ugashyiraho n’icyemezo cy’uko wigeze kubikora”.

Dr. Sebaganwa Alphonse, Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe ibizamini n’isuzumabumenyi mu Kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere uburezi (REB), yabwiye Kigali Today ko ibisabwa byose kugira ngo umwarimu asabe gukora ibizami bya Leta biri ku rubuga rw’icyo kigo (website), ndetse yemeza ko umwarimu ahembwa bitewe n’impapuro yakosoye.

Ati “Umwarimu mbere na mbere yunguka ko hari serivisi ahaye igihugu. Nta mpungenge z’uko abarimu bakwitwaza ko bahemberwa umubare w’ibyo bakosoye, kuko urupapuro rugomba kunyura mu maboko y’abantu batandatu bakarukosora. Urumva rero ko niba uwa mbere akosoye nabi, bitagera ku wa 6 nawe agikosora nabi.”

Gukosora ibizamini habamo ibyiciro bitandukanye, kandi bihembwa mu buryo butandukanye. Nyuma y’ icyiciro cy’abakosozi (markers) ari bo bahembwa 360Frws ku wakosoye umunyeshuri umwe urangiza ayisumbuye na 316Frws ku wakosoye urangiza icyiciro rusange cy’ayisumbuye, haza icyiciro cy’umuntu uhagarariye itsinda ry’abantu nka 5 (team leaders) muri buri somo runaka, agahembwa 12,000frw buri munsi.

Hari kandi icyiciro cy’abahagarariye isomo rimwe cyangwa abiri bitewe n’impamvu (chief markers), abo bagahembwa 12.500frws ku munsi, ndetse n’ icyiciro cy’abashinzwe kugenzura niba amanota ateranyije neza (checkers) abo bagahembwa 8.000Frws ku munsi, uhereye igihe batangiriye.

Minisitiri Kamayirese yavuze ko u Rwanda nta mafaranga rwahawe kugira ngo rwemere kwakira impunzi zo muri Libya

Nyuma y’igikorwa cyo gusinya amasezerano yo kwakira izo mpunzi yasinyiwe muri Etiyopiya ku cyicaro cy’Umuryango wa Afurika yunze Ubumwe (AU), abo bayobozi ubwo bari i Kigali, bagiranye ikiganiro n’abanyamakuru. Kimwe mu byo abanyamakuru babajije ni ukumenya niba hari amafaranga u Rwanda rwahawe kugira ngo rwemere kwakira izo mpunzi, Minisitiri Kamayirese asobanura ko nta mafaranga u Rwanda rwigeze rwakira kugira ngo rwemere kwakira izo mpunzi z’Abanyafurika.

Abo bayobozi basobanuye ko Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame, ku wa 23 Ugushyingo 2017 yemeye kwakira impunzi z’Abanyafurika bari muri Libya ndetse n’abimukira bariyo, aho bateshwaga agaciro, abenshi muri bo bagacuruzwa nk’abacakara, abandi bagakorerwa iyicarubozo.

Perezida Kagame yemeye kwakira abo Banyafurika , ndetse anemera ko ababishaka uwo mwanya Leta y’u Rwanda yakohereza indege zo kujya kubatwara mu bihugu byabo aho kugira ngo bakomeze bagwe mu nyanjya ya Mediterane cyangwa ngo bakomeze kwicwa urubozo, nk’uko Minisitiri Kamayirese Germaine yabisobanuye.

Yagize ati “ Nyuma y’icyo gihe rero, Leta y’u Rwanda twatangiye kwitegura kubakira, ndetse mu kwa kane muri 2018 habaye inama hagati yacu n’umuryango wa Afurika yunze Ubumwe, tuganira uko byakorwa. Ejobundi muri Mata 2019, hongeye kuba kandi inama yahuje Leta y’u Rwanda, umuryango wita ku mpunzi, umuryango wita ku bimukira ndetse n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi, aho na none haganiriwe ku buryo byakorwa. Ariko noneho hafatwa umwanzuro wo kureba uburyo bw’agateganyo bwatuma abo Banyafurika baza mu Rwanda.”

Umuyobozi wa HCR mu Rwanda H.E Ahmed Baba Fall yashimye u Rwanda rwemeye kwakira izo mpunzi

Ibyo byabaye nyuma y’aho byagaragaraga ko mu nkambi zimwe z’impunzi ndetse n’aho abimukira b’Abanyafurika bari bafungiye hari hatangiye kuraswa.

Ati “Ni muri urwo rwego rero kuri uyu munsi wa none, hasinywe amasezerano y’imikoranire hagati ya Leta y’u Rwanda, umuryango wa Afurika yunze ubumwe, na HCR, agaragaza imirongo migari y’imikoranire, n’uruhare rwa buri mufatanyabikorwa, muri iyo micungire y’izo mpunzi zigiye kuza mu Rwanda.”

Ahmed Baba Fall, umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku mpunzi (HCR) mu Rwanda, yashimye umutima mwiza w’u Rwanda wo kwakira izi mpunzi n’abashaka ubuhungiro bari mu byago muri Libya, anagaragaza ko hari ikigiye gukorwa ngo haboneke umuti w’icyo kibazo.

Yagize ati “Turimo gukorana n’ibindi bihugu ndetse na Afurika yunze ubumwe (AU), ngo turebe uko twabona umuti urambye kuri icyo kibazo , harimo kwimurira impunzi mu bindi bihugu, no kuzikangurira gusubira mu bihugu byazo, ahaba haragarutse amahoro.”

Inkambi ya Gashora, ni inkambi y’agateganyo yakiriye impunzi z’Abarundi muri 2015, ariko nyuma yo kongererwa ubushobozi,ikaba itazongera kuba inkambi inyurwamo igihe gito, ikazaharirwa izi mpunzi zizava muri Libya. Izi mpunzi zo muri Libya, zituruka mu bihugu bitandukanye, aho bamwe baba ari abajya gushaka ubuzima mu bihugu by’i Burayi bagahera mu nzira.

Abahagarariye inzego zishinzwe impunzi mu Rwanda bagiranye ikiganiro n’abanyamakuru basobanura iby’impunzi zo muri Libya u Rwanda rugiye kwakira

Umuhanzi Danny Vumbi yemeza ko ikinyarwanda cy’umwimerere kireba abantu bose, harimo n’abahanzi

Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame na we, aherutse kugaruka kuri iyi ngingo, ubwo yasozaga itorero indangamirwa icyiciro cya 12, aho yigishaga urubyiruko uko bavuga amwe mu magambo y’ikinyarwanda.

Mu baganiriye na Kigali Today, hari benshi bemeza ko ikinyarwanda nta Munyarwanda n’umwe kitareba, kuko ari umurage wabo, ariko hakaba n’abandi bavuga ko kitabareba cyane.

Hari abagaragaza ko gukoresha ikinyarwanda cy’umwimerere ari byo kandi ari na byiza, ariko bakaba n’abagikoresha nabi ku bushake kugira ngo bigarurire abakunzi babo.

Uwamahoro Petronille wiga muri Kaminuza Gatulika ya Kabgayi (ICK) yagize ati “Gukoresha ikinyarwanda cy’umwimerere, abahanzi na bo birabareba kuko baba bakurikirwa n’abantu benshi. Gusa kugira ngo bigerweho bigomba guhera mu itangazamakuru hagashyirwa imbaraga mu kwita ku magambo agize indirimbo zicurangwa kuri radio na televiziyo, izirimo ikinyarwanda gikocamye bakareka kuzinyuzaho.”

Valens Hategekimana we yagize ati “Hari abahanzi hanze aha ubona bajarajara, basa n’abatazi icyo bakora, abo ni abashakira imibereho muri icyo kinyarwanda gipfuye. Abo nta n’ikinyarwanda bazi rwose! Hari n’abandi baririmba ugatega amatwi kuko harimo amagambo anyura amatwi.”

Habinshuti Clement ati “Birabareba cyane. Bagakwiye kuririmba mu kinyarwanda cy’umwimerere kuko burya abahanzi bumvwa kandi bakundwa na benshi ni bo bagafashe iya mbere uko mbibona. Indimi zose zigira imvugo zo ku muhanda n’izemewe mu myandikire n’imivugire. Ikibazo twe tugira rero ni uko usanga ibyo abantu bavuga mu mihanda ari byo bashaka no kuvuga mu mbwirwaruhame.”

Aganira na Kigali Today, umuhanzi Danny Vumbi yavuze ko gukoresha ururimi rw’umwimerere cyane cyane iyo ari kavukire bireba abantu bose n’abahanzi barimo, cyane ko bo baba bumvwa na benshi.

Akomeza avuga ko ku muhanzi kuvanga indimi byamugirira akamaro mu kumenyekana kwe kuko aba akurura ingeri zitandukanye z’abantu bumva ijambo rimwe cyangwa menshi mu rurimi runaka.

Ati “Uzumva umuhanzi wakoresheje igiswahili n’ikinyarwanda cyangwa ikigande n’ilingala, kuko aba ashaka ko uvuga rumwe muri zo amwumva kandi niko bigenda. Ikibazo hari abavanga nabi ku buryo nta gitekerezo cyumvikana mu magambo yakoresheje kuko aba yagiye avangavanga mu buryo bubi”.

Danny Vumbi avuga ko gukoresha ikinyarwanda cy’umwimerere bitewe n’intego z’ubuhanzi bw’umuntu runaka, byamuhungabanya cyangwa ntibimuhungabanye, kuko niba afite intego yo kumvikanisha ibihangano bye ku benegihugu nta kibazo azagira, ariko aramutse afite intego yo kwigarurira abamukikije batavuga ururimi rumwe na we byamuhungabanya kuko azumvwa n’ab’ururimi rw’umwimerere gusa.

Ati “Gukoresha ururimi bisaba kuba uruzi. Nta hantu na hamwe ku isi haba itegeko rihana umuntu udakoresha ururimi runaka. Ururimi ni igikoresho ukoresha mu kumvikanisha ibikurimo no kugaragaza ibyo ushaka, iyo urukoresheje ukagera ku cyo ushaka ntawabiguhanira. Gusa hari amategeko mu mivugire no myandikire y’ururimi biba bigomba gukurikizwa abatabikurikiza bakitwa abaswa muri urwo rurimi ariko ntawabihanirwa.”

Uyu muhanzi Danny Vumbi agaragaza ko imvugo nshya zikuza ururimi kandi na byo bikaba ku isi yose. Hakabaho kandi n’ibihugu bishyiraho uburyo bwo kuzikusanya no kuzigisha abatazizi bakanazishyira mu nkoranyamagambo nshya ari na yo mpamvu usanga inkoranyamagambo (Dictionnaire) yo muri 2019 itandukanye n’iyo muri 1920, kuko haba harabaye impinduka zikomeye mu rurimi.

Agaragaza ko amagambo mashya abantu bacura afitanye isano n’ururimi rwabo nta kibazo na kimwe ateye.

Ati “Urugero nk’amagambo: Icyuki kiva ku ijambo ubuki ariko gifite igisobanuro cyacyo. Kujya ku myako biva ku nshinga kwaka na byo bifite icyo bivuga cyumvikana. Amagambo y’amatirano ni yo ashobora kuzimya ururimi kuko avangavanga indimi ebyiri kandi ku buryo budahuye na rumwe muri zo. Urugero ‘kweditinga’ uba wumva atari ikinyarwanda ntikibe n’icyongereza”.

Akomeza avuga ko ubusanzwe amagambo mashya afitanye isano n’ururimi kavukire acurwa n’abasizi n’abahanzi, kandi ko iyo ijambo ricuzwe rigafatwa mu mutwe, mu gisobanuro cyumvikana ururimi ruba rwungutse.

Ati “Urugero, muri iyi minsi mbona abantu baba bari ku nkoni. Kujya ku nkoni biva ku gukubitwa (ku babizi) ubu bivuga kubura amafaranga!Mba numva ntacyo bitwaye ururimi kuko ni ko insigamigani cyangwa inshoberamahanga zagiye zivuka kandi ziracyavuka.”

Kigali Today na none yaganiriye na Modeste Nsanzabaganwa, Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu nteko Nyarwanda y’ururimi n’umuco (RALC), avuga ko nta Munyarwanda n’umwe ikinyarwanda cy’umwimerere kitareba, cyane cyane abakurikirwa n’abantu benshi icyarimwe, kuko ari umurage w’abanyarwanda.

Akomeza avuga ko kubera uburyo urubyiruko rufata mu mutwe cyane, nta n’ubwo rutekereza ku magambo ari mu bihangano, ko ahubwo rwibanda ku njyana, ndetse rukemeza ko ubwo byaciye ku bitangazamakuru ari ntamakemwa, ugasanga babifashe nk’urugero kandi ari ibintu bitanononsoye.

Ati “Abahanzi baba bafite uburyo bwinshi bwo kugera ku bantu. Baravuga kuko bakoresha amagambo, bakanaririmba. Urumva rero, bashobora gukundwa kabiri, cyangwa se banayobya umuntu bikagira ingaruka iremereye. Ikintu rero tubashishikariza by’umwihariko, ni ugushishoza mu Kinyarwanda bakoresha, kubera ko baririmba babwira urubyiruko.”

Akomeza avuga ko umuhanzi ndetse n’undi wese, ashobora guhanga ijambo rikemerwa mu mikoreshereze y’ikinyarwanda, kuko ari umutungo w’Abanyarwanda bose.

Nsanzabaganwa avuga ko ikintu kibi ari ugufata ijambo ukaritemagura, ukagenda ugoreka, ugobekamo andi magambo y’izindi ndimi. Ariko mu ndirimbo buri gitero kigiye kigira ururimi rwacyo runononsoye, avuga ko ntacyo byangiza.

Modeste Nsanzabaganwa, Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu nteko Nyarwanda y’ururimi n’umuco (RALC)

Ati “Nk’ubu mujya muvuga ngo ‘nsendingira’. Iyo -ndingira ni iy’ikinyarwanda, ‘send’ ni icyongereza! Ibyo ni byo bibi kuko wononnye byose. Noneho si n’ikinyarwanda gusa, wononnye n’icyongereza. Ni ukuvuga ngo nta kintu uhaye agaciro”.

Nsanzabaganwa avuga ko nta bihano birajyaho bihana uwangiza ikinyarwanda nkana, ariko ko nta mpamvu yo kwihutira ibihano bikakaye, kuko n’ukugaye aba aguhannye, kandi aguhaye n’impanuro. Avuga ko kugeza uyu munsi, n’iyo bavuze ngo ntibavuga bavuga, baba batanze impanuro, ndetse n’inama.

Ati “Ariko ubwo abantu bumva ko ibyo bihano bitaremereye, bakaba bifuza ibiremereye, njye rwose nta kibazo mfite cyo kuzazamuka mu bihano”.

Agira inama abahanzi ko bagomba kugisha inama, kuko ikibazo bahura na cyo ari ukwiyemera, nubwo na byo ari byiza, akajya mu nganzo, agatekereza, agahimba ndetse akazamuka rwose yumva yazimije nta kindi gisigaye.

Avuga ko n’ubwo ari byiza, inama batanga cyane ni uko ari ngombwa kwiyoroshya, ugasaba inama. Ukibaza niba amagambo ukoresha akwiye mu byo uririmba.

Ati “Ejo nahoze numva bambwira ngo bita abakobwa beza ko ari ibyuki, ngo kuko ari byiza kandi biva ku ijambo ubuki nk’ijambo ry’ikinyarwanda. None se ko dufite ijambo ikijumba kandi kikaba kiryoha, tuzavuge ngo abakobwa ni akajumba cyangwa urujumba? Ntaho bihuriye! Ibintu byo gutaruka wishyiriramo kuryoshya kwawe, hari aho bishoboka bigakunda koko, ariko banza ubaze, ntugume hahandi wahengamiye, kuko uba wagiye mu nganzo wenyine, usayuka yo wenyine, rero gira kwiyoroshya ubaze abandi.”

Mu buhamya bw’uwiswe Kankindi kuko atashatse ko hagaragazwa izina rye, aganira na Kigali Today, yagaragaje uburyo umugabo we amufuhira bikamubangamira, ndetse bikamutera guhangayikishwa no gushaka icyo yakora.

Ati “Tukirambagizanya yaramfuhiraga nkagira ngo ni uko tutarabana, ntarizera ko amfite neza, nitubana bizashira. Gusa na n’ubu tumaranye imyaka 6, umugabo wanjye aramfuhira, hahandi nta n’umuntu dukorana w’umugabo wansura cyangwa ngo abe yampa na lifuti ntibinkoreho!”

Akomeza agira ati “Umugabo wanjye arakabya pe! Nta gitsina gabo agira yizera kuko n’iyo mpobeye abo mu muryango wanjye biramubabaza. Yambwiye ko niba nshaka ko tubana neza nahungira kure abagabo, kabone n’iyo yaba ari se umubyara!”

Kankindi avuga ko yagerageje kugisha inama inshuti n’abavandimwe, ariko bikaba ntacyo bitanga.

Ati “Nagerageje kumuregera abo mu muryango n’inshuti ze za hafi, bakamugira inama yo kutampoza ku nkeke, ariko biranga. Inshuti zanjye zimbwira ko abiterwa n’uko ankunda cyane, akaba afite ubwoba bwo kumbura, abandi bakambwira ko ubwo atanyizera, kandi ngerageza gukora uko nshoboye kose ngo abone ko mukunda wenyine, nkabona nta gihinduka.”

Abaganiriye na Kigali Today bagaragaje ibitekerezo binyuranye, aho bamwe bemeza ko gufuha biterwa n’urukundo kuko uwo ukunda uba wumva nta wundi mwamusangira, na ho abandi bakavuga ko nta muntu ukunda undi ngo amufuhire, kuko ufuhira umuntu utizera.

Cyiza Olivier ati “Gufuha ni bibi, ariko birizana. Kandi ntibiterwa n’uko utamwizera, ahubwo ntekereza ari uko uba wumva wamwiharira wenyine gusa.”

Uwambajemariya nawe yagize ati “Gufuha ni ukudatekereza. Kuko ubona umugore cyangwa umugabo aganiriza uwo biganye ukibyimbya kandi bafitanye amateka utakuraho, nyamara wowe wavugisha uwo mudahuje igitsina ukumva ari ibisanzwe. Numva ibyo ukora bitagucira urubanza udakwiye kurucira undi.”

Kanyange ati “Gufuha ni urukundo rurenga umuntu rugatuma agira impungenge z’uwo akunda, nyuma bikabyara igitugu amushyiraho.”

Inzobere mu mitekerereze ya muntu (Psychologie) ndetse no mu by’imikorere n’imihindagurikire ijyanye n’ibitsina (Sexologie) Albert Gakwaya, na we avuga ko gufuha ari ibintu bisanzwe, ariko hakaba n’igihe bigeraho bikaba indwara, kandi ko habaho ikintu gisanzwe bita gufuha ku bantu bose bakundana, cyangwa icyo ukunze ukumva wakigenzura.

Ati “Hakabaho no gufuha bihinduka indwara, bimwe umuntu abuza undi amahoro, bigaturuka ku kizere gikeya nyir’ugufuha yigiramo, bituma yumva atari ku rugero rwo kuba yaba ari kumwe na wawundi afuhira. Ibyo rero iyo bikabije bigeraho bikaba bibi, bikica umuryango, cyangwa umwe mu bagize umuryango akabera undi umutwaro.”

Akomeza asobanura ati “Ni uburwayi buturuka ku gufuha, bukunda kugirwa n’abantu bataye ikizere ubwabo. Hari ugufuha kurenze ku buryo bigira nyir’ubwite umurwayi wo mu mutwe, bikamutera kujya arota cyangwa yibwiriza ko mugenzi we hari ukundi kuntu bigenda ku ruhande batari kumwe.”

Albert Gakwaya avuga ko akenshi na kenshi biba ku muntu nawe udafite umutuzo ku bw’utuntu agira ku ruhande, nk’umuntu uca inyuma mugenzi we, noneho akaba afite ishusho mu mutwe y’uko abikora, akibagirwa y’uko ari we bibaho gusa, akibwira ko na wa mugenzi we akora nk’uko nguko.

Ati “Icyo gihe uko amubonye asuhuza undi, bihita bimwibutsa ka kajisho areba wa muntu we, ko na we ari ko abigenza. Atekereza ibyo we afite mu mutwe we, akabishyira ku wundi, bityo bikaba byanaba n’ ubumuga. Icyo gihe mu rugo biba byatangiye kumera nabi. Iyo umuntu afushye, akenshi na kenshi, nta na rimwe biza byizanye ari ibisanzwe.”

Avuga kandi ko hari ibituruka ku ko umuntu yabayeho mu myaka ibiri ya mbere akivuka, ko hari igihe umwe mu babyeyi be yitwara nabi, ntafashe wabmwana kuzigiramo ikizere, noneho bikazatuma wabmuntu agira ikibazo gikomeye.

Agira inama ababyeyi ko mu gihe bonsa abana babo, bajya babaterura ku buryo babareba mu maso, bakabaganiriza, bakabitaho mu buryo bwose bashoboye, ku buryo nibagenda bakaza kugaruka, bongera kubikora, bityo bakarema ikizere mo umwana, akumva ko yizeye ko kugenda k’umubyeyi we bidatuma amutakaza burundu, ko ahubwo agaruka akiri uwe.

Abitandukanya na wa mubyeyi wonsa umwana yiruka, atamwitayeho, akagaruka atinze atanamwitayeho, akavuga ko uwo mwana akurana impamyi zo kumva ko ugiye wese amukunze, atari bugaruke, akumva ko uwo azaba afiteho uruhare wese azamurinda, kugirango atamuhomba nk’uko yabuze umubyeyi we.

bamwe mu abakomisiyoneri bagize koperative ’Alpha property solution ltd

Bavuga ko kugirango umuntu yitwe umukomisiyoneri, agomba kugira ibyangombwa bimuranga, bitangwa na kampani akoreramo.

Mu nama nyunguranabitekerezo yo kuwa 25 Gicurasi 2018 minisitiri w’ubutabera akaba n’intumwa ya leta Johnson Busingye yagiranye n’inzego zifite aho zihurira n’imikirize y’imanza n’izindi nyandiko mpesha, hagaragayemo kunenga imikorere y’abakomisiyoneri idahwitse.

Minisitiri Busingye we kimwe n’abandi bayobozi bari hamwe bagaragaje akajagari kaba mu bakomisiyoneri, aho avuga ko bagomba gushaka uko bakorera mu matsinda, bakagira uko bakora.

Ati “abakomisiyoneri bajye mu makampani, cyangwa babe abamarine polisi ikore akazi. Komisiyoneri nashake aho abarizwa cyangwa abe marine. Umukomisiyoneri w’inyeshyamba, udafite aho yanditse amenya ate umukiriya wananiwe kwishyura banki?”

Akazi k’ubukomisiyoneri ni akazi gasaba gutinyuka, gushakisha amakuru no gushirika ubute, ukamenya kwigisha umuntu ukamwemeza ibyo umubwira. Ntigasaba amashuri, kuko iyo uzi kuba wakwigisha umuntu ukamwemeza ibyo ukora, ako kazi uragakora, nkuko Uwambaza Joyce umugore w’imyaka 36, ubarizwa muri Alpha Property Solution LTD abivuga.

Ati “Nta mashuri ahambaye mfite, kuko njye nize amashuri abanza gusa. Ariko ntibimbuza gutera abakiriya amasomo bakaza ari benshi, ndetse bakananyizera.”

urupapuro rw’amasezerano

Uwambaza umaze muri ako kazi imyaka isaga itanu, avuga ko nyuma yo guhagarika ubucuruzi yakoraga, ari bwo yiyemeje kujya gukora umurimo w’ubukomisiyoneri, kuko yabonaga byo bidasaba igishoro, amashuri cyangwa ibindi bitari ugushirika ubute gusa.

Ati “Ubundi bajyaga bavuga ko aka kazi gakorwa n’abagabo gusa, kandi na bwo bazi ubwenge. Ariko aho niyemereje kugakora, nasanze bisaba ubwenge karemano bwo kumenya amakuru no kumenya kuganiriza abantu (gutera siyasa), ubundi ukaba inyangamugayo.”

Ni mu gihe Mugabo Olivier we avuga ko nubwo kuba umukomisiyoneri bidasaba ibintu bihambaye, ariko bisaba gukorera ahantu hazwi, n’abakuzi.

Ati “iyo ukoze nk’umumamyi, uba umeze nk’umujura cyangwa marine! Ni ho hahandi wumva izina ryacu ryarafashe isura mbi, hakazamo abanyamanyanga, abajura, ndetse n’ubikora adafite aho abarizwa, agahohoterwa adafite gikurikiranwa.”

Manzi Justin, umuyobozi mukuru wa Alpha Property Solution LTD imwe muri koperative z’abakora umwuga wo guhuza abaguzi n’abagurisha bazwi nk’abakomisiyoner, asobanura neza akazi k’ubukomisiyoneri icyo ari cyo.

Ati “Abakomisiyoneri ni abantu bakora umurimo wo guhuza abantu n’abandi. Bakaba bakora umurimo wo kuranga ufite icyo akeneye n’ugifite. Ushobora kuba ushaka inzu yo gukodesha, ikibanza cyo kugura, uraza ukatureba.”

Manzi akomeza asobanura uburyo n’ibyiza byo gukorera ahantu hazwi, no gukorana nabo.

Ati “uza kutureba ukeneye ikintu, ukadusobanurira uko giteye n’aho ugishaka, tukagirana ibiganiro, tukagusobanurira ibyo dukora, twamara kwemeranywa tugasinyana amasezerano y’uko tukurangiye icyo kintu.”

Agaruka ku bigenderwaho ngo winjire muri iyo kampani avuga ko bisaba kuba uri inyangamugayo, bigasaba abakuzi kuko udapfa kubyuka ngo ube umukomisiyoneri bahite bakwakira.

Ati “Hari abakuzana. Ntabwo twapfa kukwakira tutakuzi. Bisaba ngo habe hari abantu bakuziho ubunyangamugayo,bakaba bazi aho utuye, ushobora kuza tukaganira twakumva byashoboka tukakwakira, tukagushakira ibyangombwa, ukaza nk’umufatanyabikorwa wacu.”

Akomeza avuga ko ba nyiri amakampani bose bari kwisuganya ngo bakore urugaga rubahuza, nk’abakomisiyoneri bakorera mu Rwanda, mu rwego rwo kurwanya ababanduriza izina.

Ati “Muri karitsiye hari igihe umuntu ashobora kumva ngo abakomisiyoneri babona amafaranga, noneho waza umubaza ikintu, agahita yiyita umukomisiyoneri ako kanya. Ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko ari umukomisiyoneri. Umukomisiyoneri kugirango yitwe we, agomba kugira ibyangombwa bimuranga, bitangwa na kampani akoreramo.”

uwambaza Joyce umugore w’umukomisiyoneri

Hari ikibazo abantu bibaza ku nyungu z’umukomisiyoneri, niba yiyumvikanira n’umuntu, niba agenerwa, cyangwa niba hari igiciro fatizo kizwi.

Manzi Justin akomeza abisobanura “Uretse bamwe bakora bumamyi, ariko ubundi nkatwe tuba twemewe, dusorera leta, uza ku biro tukaganira, tukakwereka amasezerano yacu uburwo akoze, noneho wabona uyemeye, haba harimo ijanisha tugomba guhembwa mu gihe tukuboneye ikintu, twayemeranywaho, ugasinya ya masezerano, ukatwishyura twamaze kuguha ibyo twemeranyijwe.”

Manzi akomeza asobanura ko mu gukora amasezerano hari amafaranga make yerekana ko mutangiranye igikorwa umukiriya agomba gutanga. Ariko ko bigomba kurangira ari uko igikorwa mwatangiranye kirangiye neza, bakuboneye ibyo mwumvikanye.

Ati “Ntabwo dukora amasezerano ku buntu, hari amafaranga make ugomba gutanga yerekana ko dutangiye igikorwa.”

Prof. Harerimana Jean Bosco umuyobozi mukuru w’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere amakoperative (RCA) ahamya ko kuba hari amakoperative y’abakomisiyoneri ari ho, ari kimwe mu byafasha guca akajagari, ndetse n’amanyanga abavugwaho.

Avuga ko mu bihugu byateye imbere bagira za ‘website’ bagaragarizaho igiciro cy’ibyo umuhemba amaze kugukorera ibyo mwumvikanye. Magingo aya, ababiyangikishaho, bakaba babereka ko bazakora imirimo itandukanye mu gihugu, kuko ari umurimo uzwi kandi wemewe.

Ati “Icyaba kibi, ni imikorere mibi yaba irimo idahwitse muri ayo makoperative, ari na cyo turi kurwanya n’ahandi hose, dusaba rwose ko umuntu uri muri ayo makoperative cyane cyane ayo y’abakomisiyoneri kwirinda kuba ikibazo kuri rubanda bahamagariwe gukorera, n’ubwo ntawe uratuzanira ikirego cya koperative ya bo, uzakigira azakizane tuzahita tugikurikirana.”

Urwego rw’igihugu rushinzwe amakoperative (RCA), igaragaza ko kuri ubu hari amakoperative y’abakomisiyoneri agera kuri 20, afite abanyamuryango bagera kuri 573. Muri bo abagabo ari 484 naho abagore bakaba 89.

Koperative Alpha ‘property solution Ltd company’ imwe muri 20 z’abakomisiyoneri zikora byemewe n’amategeko, yashinzwe muri Nyakanga 2018 ubwo yari igizwe n’abantu babiri, ariko ubu ikaba ifite abakozi 30.

Buri mukozi ahembwa bitewe n’abakiriya yazanye, kuri komisiyo yemeranyijwe n’umukiriya, koperative ifataho 25% ya komisiyo yose umukiriya atanze, ari yo avamo imisoro, ubukode (rent), n’inyungu ya koperative.

Iyo hagize umukiriya uhemukira umukomisiyoneri wabo, uwo mukiriya akurikiranwa n’ubutabera cyane ko baba barakoranye byemewe n’amategeko.

Muri ubwo bukangurambaga, abayobozi batandukanye b’inzego za polisi, bamwe mu bigisha amategeko y’umuhanda mu Mujyi wa Kigali, ndetse na Dr Claudine Uwera Kanyamanza, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu y’Abana, bahuguye abanyeshuri ku bijyanye n’ikoreshwa ry’umuhanda ndetse n’ibinyabiziga, mu rwego rwo kubungabunga umutekano wabo.

Nsengiyumva Gaston, umwe mu bafite ishuri ryigisha amategeko y’umuhanda no gutwara ibinyabiziga mu Mujyi wa Kigali, yabwiye abanyeshuri muri make uburyo bwo kwambukiranya umuhanda.

Ati "Kirazira kugenda ku muhanda n’amaguru uteye ibitugu imodoka ziguturutse inyuma. Imodoka ino aha zigenda iburyo, ubwo nawe jya ugendera ibumoso, kugira ngo imodoka zize uzireba.Gerageza ntutere umugongo imodoka zigendera ku ruhande urimo ugenderaho, zitazakugonga utazibonye."

Nsengiyumva yasobanuye n’uburyo abanyamaguru bagomba kwitwara mu gihe bambukira mu mirongo yabagenewe izwi nka ’zebra crossing’ igizwe n’imirongo y’umukara n’umweru, cyangwa umweru n’umutuku, ndetse n’amatara yo ku muhanda. Yababwiye ko iyo itara ryo ku muhanda ryaka umutuku, umunyamaguru ahagarara, ryakwaka icyatsi akagenda.

Ati "Kandi nabwo ntupfa kwambuka uko ubonye ngo ni uko ari uburenganzira bwawe! Ni ukugerageza guhagarara, ukareba ku ruhande rw’ibumoso wabona nta kinyabiziga gihari, ugatangira ukambuka. Iyo ugeze mu murongo uciye umuhanda mo kabiri, ugomba no kureba iburyo, ukareba ko nta modoka izamuka kugira ngo ushobore kwambuka."

Muri icyo kiganiro kandi, CP Mujiji Rafiki, umuyobozi ukuriye ishami rya polisi rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda, yabwiye abanyeshuri bo muri icyo kigo cya Lycée Notre Dame de Cîteaux ko umuntu utega moto agomba kwambara ingofero irinda umutwe mu gihe cy’impanuka (Casque), kutemera gutendekwa cyangwa kugenda kuri moto muri abagenzi babiri n’ubatwaye wa gatatu, kuko ubwishingizi( assurance) bwa Moto buba ari ubw’abantu babiri gusa, ari na yo mpamvu Moto igira izo ngofero ebyiri gusa.

Umuvugizi wa Polisi y’u Rwanda, CP John Bosco Kabera we yababwiye ko n’ugendeye mu modoka agomba kugira ibyo yitaho kugira ngo agere iyo ajya amahoro.

Ati "Turabasaba ko n’igihe mugendera mu modoka mwambara umukandara, ndetse n’ugutwaye. Niba umuntu agutwaye yihuta cyane, mubwire uti sigaho, ntwara neza. Mu modoka mugendamo zose haba handitsemo nimero ya polisi, nimero za RURA, na nimero z’ikinyabiziga kibatwaye. Igihe cyose muhuye n’umushoferi utabyubahiriza, mujye mutumenyesha."

Dr Claudine Uwera Kanyamanza, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu ishinzwe Abana yabwiye abanyeshuri bari bateraniye aho ko impamvu baje babasanga ari uko babitayeho, kandi babakunda nk’abana babo.

Ati "Ni yo mpamvu na Komisiyo y’Igihugu Ishinzwe Abana iri hano by’umwihariko. Uyu munsi turifuza ko namwe mwamenya uruhare rwanyu, kandi icyo dushaka ni uko mubishyira mu bikorwa, kuko iyo umuntu akunda undi amwifuriza amahoro."

Biteganyijwe ko gahunda ya Gerayo Amahoro izamara ibyumweru 52, ikaba igamije gutanga ubukangurambaga bwo kugabanya impanuka zo mu muhanda, kuri iyi nshuro ikaba yageze no mu mashuri.

Mu minsi ishize, kigali today yanditse ku kamaro n’agaciro k’ubwoko bw’abagesera nk’ubwoko bwatangaga bukanereza ibibanza, uyu munsi yagerageje kubakusanyiriza bimwe mu bivugwa ku banyiginya, nk’ubwoko bwabyaraga abami, ndetse n’ikirangabwoko cyabwo ari cyo umusambi, kikaba kimwe mu birango bikomeye by’ingoma nyiginya.

Buri bwoko bwagiraga icyo bumariye ubundi kandi bukubahirizwa, kimwe n’inyamanswa yabaga iburanga nkuko byashimangiwe na Modeste Nsanzabaganwa, Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu Nteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco (RALC) agira ati “Hari imiryango imwe n’imwe yashingwaga ibikorwa ibi n’ibi by’ibwami cyangwa byo mu buzima busanzwe.”

Muganga Rutangarwamaboko inzobere mu by’umuco n’ amateka akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo nyarwanda cy’ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, agerageza gusobanura inkomoko y’abanyiginya, agaciro, ndetse n’akamaro kabo mu Rwanda rwo hambere.

Yagaragaje ko abanyiginya babyaraga abami bakababyarana n’ibibanda (ubwoko bwavagamo abagabekazi).
Ati “Usanga ingoma nyiginya ari na yo yahanze uru Rwanda tubona, kubera ko bo bari bari mu kintu cy’ubuyobozi.”

Akomeza avuga ko abanyiginya nta bwoko na bumwe bari bahejwemo mu gushaka abagore, kimwe n’uko bo ubwabo bishakagamo, mu rwego rwo kwagura umuryango, bakawurinda kuzima, kuko bwabaga bufashe runini ku Rwanda. Akanavuga ko ari yo nkomoko y’inyandiko zishidikanya z’abazungu cyangwa abandi bantu batazi amateka y’u Rwanda, bakavuga ko abami b’Abanyarwanda bishakagamo bakarongora bashiki babo, ibyo bise ‘incest loyale’.

Agakomeza avuga ko byavugwaga n’abadasobanukiwe imihango nyarwanda, kuko mu mihango nyarwanda habagamo icyo bita kwakira umugenzo, aho byabaga ari ukuryamana na mushiki we w’imuhana (mushiki w’umuntu batavukana mu nda imwe), byabaga bivuga umukobwa cyangwa umugore, ukomoka mu bundi bwoko basanzwe bahana abageni, ari na bo bitaga abase.

Ati “Abanyiginya ni bwo bwoko bwashoboraga kwishakamo no gushaka mu moko yose. N’umwami Musinga abamisiyoneli bajya kumuvana ku ngoma biri mu byo bagendaga bitwaza, bamurega ko aryamana na bashiki be, n’abana be, n’abandi bantu bahuje ibitsina. Ariko ntabwo byabaga ari byo, ahubwo kwabaga ari ukudasobanukirwa ya mihango y’Abanyarwanda.”

Muganga Rutangarwamaboko, avuga ko mu gitekerezo cyo mu birari bya Sabizeze hagaragaramo ko abanyiginya bari mu bwoko bw’ibimanuka, kuko ari ho haturuka abantu nka ba Kigwa, Gihanga, aho baba bashaka kuvuga ko ubuyobozi bw’u Rwanda bwavaga ku Mana.

Ati “cyagaragazaga ko ubuyobozi bw’u Rwanda, bwagombaga kuba buturutse ku Mana. Ni na ho ibyo bimanuka ubundi biba byerekeza, bakaba bafite ubwenge nyegera Mana, bakaba ari abantu babasha gushishoza bakarenga ibigaragara bagafata ibitagaragara, ari na yo mpamvu no mu kugirango umuntu yereze ingoma, bose bagombaga kubaza indagu nk’impano y’Imana yahaye abakurambere yitoranirije, kugirango ijye ibanyuzamo ubushake bwabo buganisha kuri rubanda, abami n’abatware, na bo bamenye uko bitwara mu bihe runaka.”

Urubuga www.wikirwanda.org, rugaragaza ko abanyiginya ari ijambo rikomoka ku rurimi rw’Urunyankore, aribyo bivuga: « abantu barambye ku bukire n’ubupfura» bishatse kuvuga abatunzi ba kera bafite uruhererekane rw’ubutunzi mu myaka amagana n’amagana, batari abakire ba vuba cyangwa se ngo babe abakire bahoranye ubukene (abakire b’inkirabuheri).

Bakaba bari abakire bo muri icyo gihe, barambye ku bukire mu bwoko buvukamo abami. Abandi bo muri ubwo bwoko badafite ubukire buhagije (Ni ukuvuga ibikomangoma bitabashije kugira ubutunzi bwinshi), bitwa ABASINDI nka Yuhi I Musindi bakomokaho.

Ibyo bikaba bishobora kwerekana ko Umusindi w’umukire yashoboraga kuba Umunyiginya, n’Umunyiginya w’umukene yashoboraga kuba Umusindi, yakongera kugira umutungo uhagije, akongera gusubira mu Bunyiginya. Ni naho havuye ubwoko bw’Abanyiginya b’Abasindi, ariko usuzumanye ubushishozi, usanga bose ari abo mu nzu imwe y’Abanyiginya kuko ari bo bari bafite ingoma y’Igihugu kandi ni nabo Umwami Yuhi I Musindi akomokamo. Uru rugero rutanzwe haruguru rukaba rugaragaza neza inkomoko nyayo y’amoko.

Rumwe mu mbuga zandika amateka rugira ruti “Ishema ry’Abasindi ni uko barimo Abanyiginya babyariraga u Rwanda abami n’ibikomangoma”.

Ibyo bigashimangirwa na none n’igitabo cyanditswe na Nsanzabera Jean de Dieu, umwanditsi ku muco, amateka n’ubuvanganzo cyitwa ‘Intwari z’Imbanza, zubatse u Rwanda rugahamya igitinyiro’, hagaragaramo ko Abanyiginya ari izina rusange ry’abakomoka kuri Gihanga, batigeze bagira inkomoko ku yandi moko, cyane cyane abafite inkomoko kuri Kanyarwanda Gahima.

Ubutaha, kigali today izabagezaho ubushakashatsi yakoze ku bwoko bw’abega nk’ubwoko bwavagamo abagabekazi. Ntimuzacikwe!

Bamwe bagerageza gutunga ifaranga bikanga bikarangira bavuze ko ari imivumo y’inyatsi

Ijambo ‘inyatsi’ rikoreshwa ku muntu utagira icyo ageraho, kandi yizirika umukanda, akanakorana umwete, yewe ntanasesagure, ariko bikanga burundu ntatunganirwe. Ni bwo bagira bati naka afite inyatsi.

Abenshi mu bemera ko inyatsi zibaho, banizera ko zinavurwa zigakira mu buryo bw’umwuka (spiritual), ariko hakaba n’abahakana ko zibaho ndetse bakanavuga ko ari ari ukutamenya uburyo bwo gukoresha no guteza imbere umutungo cyangwa se kugira ingeso yo gupfusha ubusa.

Kigali today yagerageje guhuza imyumvire y’abantu bandukanye bavuga ku nyatsi, bityo ishaka kumva icyo umuco nyarwanda ubivugaho, ndetse no mu mbonezamitekerereze (psychology) bagira ibyo batangaza.

Muganga Rutangarwamaboko, inzobere mu by’umuco n’ amateka akaba n’umuyobozi mukuru w’ikigo nyarwanda cy’ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, yasobanuriye kigali today ibyerekeye inyatsi mu muco nyarwanda, uko zafatwaga, ndetse nuko zavurwaga.

Ati “Inyatsi bwa mbere tubirebeye mu nkomoko y’ijambo, biva ku nshinga y’Ikinyarwanda ‘kwaka’ byo kwambura umuntu ikintu. Bikavuga rero ko inyatsi ari icyamburira umuntu kikamubuza kugira icyo agira cyangwa icyo ageraho cyangwa yagira n’icyo ageraho ntaremye, akagira ubugiri (kugira/gutunga) ariko ntagire ubugwiza (kugwiza/gutunganirwa).”

Akomeza agira ati “Bwa kabiri inyatsi nka Nyirizina yayo ni ukubura umugisha n’amahirwe bituma ntacyo umuntu ageraho cyangwa ngo agitunge atunganirwe kandi mu busanzwe ataya (kwaya), yewe ugasanga anizirika umukanda ariko bikanga akandagara. Ugasanga umuntu arakora rwose agira umwete ariko bikaba iby’ubusa ngo wa mwete we umukize nk’abandi bakora cyane bagakira.”

Muganga Rutangarwamaboko asobanura ko “Inyatsi itera kutaremya. Ufite ibimwamburira wese akenshi usanga ashobora kugira icyakiro, akagira amaboko yakira ariko ataremya, atabasha gushingishwa intege ngo agirirwe umugisha n’ibyo yakira cyangwa ibyo ageraho mu buzima bwe bwa buri munsi.”

Akomeza ati “Niko Kwa kugira ubugiri ariko ntugire ubugwiza. Gusa aho kutaremya bitandukanira n’Inyatsi ubwayo ni uko kutaremya ari kimwe mu biranga inyatsi mu gihe inyatsi ubwayo yo isobanuye kuburirwa no kubuririza mu buzima bwa muntu kandi mu byo udasobanukirwa.”

Mu Rwanda rwo hambere byabaga bikomeye cyane mu buzima. Abanyarwanda wasangaga mu mateka y’imico yabo, iyo umuntu yibonaga ntacyo ageraho kandi ntako atagize nta n’icyo yishinja nk’ubunebwe cyangwa gusesagura, yagombaga gufata akanya akajya kubibariza cyangwa kubihanuriza akamenya kabitera ndetse akahava ahawe n’intsinzi yabyo. Nkuko bikomeza bishimangirwa na Muganga Rutangarwamaboko.

Ati “Ni ho usanga nko mu mico y’ahandi nka isiraheli abantu bajya kubaza umuhanuzi abo bitaga ba Bamenya (basa neza neza n’abapfumu b’ino iwacu) ngo babamenyere insiriri y’ubuzima barimo kandi babahe cyangwa bababwire n’igisubizo cyangwa intsinzi yazatuma bagera ku mutsindo w’ubuzima bakagira ubuzima busendereye kandi busagambye.”

Inzobere mu mitekerereze ya muntu (Psychologie) ndetse no mu by’imikorere n’imihindagurikire ijyanye n’ibitsina (Sexologie) Albert Gakwaya, yifashishije imyumvire n’imyemerere hanyuma yifashisha inkoranya ebyiri zo ku rwego rw’isi z’indwara zo mu mutwe DSM y’aba psychiatres b’abanyamerika na CIM y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishami ryawo rishinzwe ubuzima, agereranya inyatsi nk’indwara cyangwa imyitwarire idasanzwe iba ibura gato ngo ihinduke indwara ziba mu gice cy’ibyitwa ‘kuba imbata y’ikintu, imyitwarire, cyangwa se imikino’ yibanda ahanini ku ndwara yo guhaha bidasanzwe’.

Mu kiganiro yagiranye na Kigali today, yagerageje gusobanura inyatsi muri make yerekana uko imyunvire n’imyemerere hamwe n’indwara y’ububata bwo guhaha cyane, ari byo by’ingezi bisobanura imikorere y’inyatsi ubwayo, maze agaragaza ko hari ibyo abantu biyunvishije bigahinduka imyemerere.

Agaragaza ibigaragaza uwishyizemo ko afite inyatsi.

• Aba ari umuntu mwiza ugaragaza gutuza bitamenyerewe utagirana ibibazo n’abantu,
• Guhinduka cyane mu mibereho, cyane cyane agana mu bukene «Gucupira»,
• Ubutunzi n’ amafaranga biramuhunga kuburyo budasobanutse.

Akomeza agira ati «agira imvugo zigira ziti ‘N’ubundi kuri njye ntacyo ndamira kuko n’ubundi mu muryango wacu inyatsi ni karande. Yewe ni nk’umuvumo!, N’ubundi kuri njyewe amafaranga cyangwa ubukungu si ibintu byanjye peee, n’ubundi ibintu by’ubutunzi simbisobanukiwe kuko uko byagenda kose burangira burangiye,Kugira invugo ivuga akarengane, invugo zirimo gucika intege, rimwe na rimwe zuzuye imyivumbagatanyo,invugo z’ibitagenda neza hose mu buzima bw’abantu, ndetse no kwivuga nabi biherekejwe n’imbamutima zijyanye nabyo.»

Albert Gakwaya agaragaza ko hari ubyiremamo akumva ko yafashwe n’inyatsi bikamuzonga (mecanismes intrapsychique dans la consolidation des convictions erronnees).Uwo ni we wemera ko inyatsi ibaho, bigahinduka imyemerere fatizo, ibitekerezo bibishingiyeho n’imbamutima (sentiments) n’amarangamutima (Emotions) bijyanye no kubitekereza bibabaje kandi biteye ubwoba byuzurirana umutwe bigasigara aribyo bimuzunguruka ubuziraherezo mu mutwe ku buryo bibuza gutekereza ibindi.

Ati «Byumwihariko kutagira iby’ibanze mu buzima (besoins primaires) bisanzwe bizwi ko bijyana n’imbamutima n’amarangamutima byiganjemo ubwoba no guhangayika, kuko nyine umuntu aba yibona yasuruye yabuze aho aba, ibimutunga n’ibindi, agasigara abona ibintu byose mu ndorerwamo yo gutakaza, kudatunga mbega abona ibintu bibi biteye n’ubwoba.»

Akomeza asobanura ko igice kinini cy’ubwonko gishinzwe imirimo itandukanye y’imikorere ya muntu gitsikamirwa n’ ubwuzurirane bw’ayo marangamutima ugasanga umuntu afite ibitekerezo bidakurikiranye, ikimusaba kubona ibisubizo akoresheje ubwenge bikamunanira. Avuga ko uko iyo myunvire igenda ishinga imizi gahoro gahoro, hagera ubwo nyirayo ageraho akakira burundu kuzabana n’iyo nyatsi, yo kutagira uburyo cyangwa ubutunzi n’ibindi.

Agaragaza ko hari abumva barafashwe n’imivumo y’inyatsi kubera wenda ibyaha abakurambere babo babahayeho umurage nk’uruhererekane.

Ati «Kugira imigenzo n’imiziririzo bakeka ko yagabanya ubukana cyangwa yagusha neza isoko y’iyo mivumo, muri iyo migenzo hakabamo kujya kubaza abaraguzi cyangwa abapfumu, se cyangwa na none akitabaza abakinamayobera, biti ihi se bagatangira inzira zitaziguye zishaka ubwo buryo. Uko byigira imbere agatangira kumva ntawe ashaka guhura nawe, ibyo yakundaga agatangira kwiyinjizamo kubireka kuko atabasha kubyiha, kujya muri gahunda yo kubeshya ko utakibikunda ariko wabihabwa ntubireke n’ibindi.»

Hari abagira indwara yo guhaha cyane n’ibyo badakeneye bamara kubihaha agahinda kakabica

Albert Gakwaya avuga ko uko psychologie na psychanalyse bigerageza gusobanura, isobanura umuntu usa n’ uwo mu Rwanda bavuga ko afite inyatsi, ko aba afite ibimenyetso bisa nk’ibivugwa ku kugira inyatsi bituruka mu myunvire ishingiye ku myemerere idasanzwe. Bishatse kuvuga ukwemera ko imivumo y’inyatsi ibaho, bitewe n’uko iyo myumvire igenda ikihindura rwihishwa kimwe mu bigize umuntu, we aba atibuka.

Ati «Nkuko bizwi umutumirwa utatumiwe ntasiba kwibonekeza bigahangayika nyir’urugo kuko aba atazi aho aturutse, by’umwihariko wa mutumirwa utazwi akaba afite amabara cyangwa yiyita ko atumwe n’umuvumo (Malédiction). Muntu aho ava akagera atinya umuvumo, ndetse benshi bakawubaha ukabahangayikisha (Anxiété), ubuzima bugahinduka guhora bashaka icyatuma bahashya ubukana bw’ uwo muhangayiko, ariko ukabakoresha ibidasanzwe, n’uko hagatangira ibikorwa bidasanzwe byisubiramo kandi kenshi (Compulsion), »

Akomeza agira ati «Iyiga mitekerereze, miterere, na myitwarire (Psychologie) rivuga ko abagira inyatsi mu kinyarwanda basa cyane n’abafite ikibazo cyo kuba imbata y’ikintu runaka mu buryo bwa rusange (addiction en generale) nkuko bisobanurwa na za nkoranyamagambo z’indwara zo mu mutwe uko ari ebyiri zemewe ku isi, rumwe rw’abaganga b’indwara zo mu mutwe b’Abanyamerika (DSM) ndetse n’urw’ umuryango w’abibumbye ishami ryawo ry’ubuzima CIM.»

Avuga kandi ko indwara yo kuba imbata y’ikintu runaka nayo yavaho icyo umuntu aburira inyito akacyita inyatsi. Avuga ko habaho n’indwara itera umuntu, agahora yumva yagura ikimushimishije cyose (guhaha by’ indwara ‘depensier compulsi’). Asobanura uko psychanalyse isobanura umuhashyi by’indwara uko bimugendekera (explication des mécanisme intra psychique).

Ati «Iyo migurire y’uburwayi kenshi iba isa nk’iyuzuza ibyo yiyumvamo bibura (sensation de manque) ariko adasobanukiwe (inconsciemment).Afatwa n’ikibatsi cy’umunyenga (excitation) kimukoramo igitekerezo cyo guhaha vuba na bwangu, kandi uko agenda yegereza kubasha guhaha niko ikibatsi kiyongera akaza kunyurwa ageze aho agomba kwishyurira, bigahita bikurikirwa no kugabanuka kwa cya kibatsi. Muri psychanalyse byitwa (jouissance), bimutera kumva yongeye kuba we wese, muri uko kunyurwa kuri we bisa nkaho ar’ubudahangarwa ndetse cyane agakeka ko bikagira icyo byongera kuko asanzwe agaragara».

Akomeza agira ati «Kuko gahunda y’imbere muri we nawe adasobanukirwa si ugutunga ibyo yaguze ahubwo ni ukugura gusa kenshi kisubiramo.Iyo ahashye akanyurwa (jouissance) rero ntahagararira aho kuko, ni ibintu byisubiramo kandi kesnhi, kuko iyo amaze guhaha aricuza cyane agafatwa n’agahinda k’umurengera (déprime igana muri Dépression) kuko za ngufu zamusunikaga zihita zishira. Ni bwo yongera gupanga uburyo yakongera kujya guhaha vuba na bwangu kugirango yongere abe muri cya kibatsi cy’umunyenga kibanziriza guhaha by’indwara navuze hejuru bigakomeza gutyo gutyo, ariko mu ibanga rikomeye ntawubimenya wundi bikagaragara yarakennye yaragurishije utwe twose.

Albert Gakwaya avuga ko bihinduka indwara igihe cya gitekerezo cyo guhaha kigenda gahoro gahoro gifata bugwate ibitekerezo bya muntu, intego zuwo byafashe bugwate ibitekerezo bye ikaba guhaha umunsi wose, nta kindi atekereza. Bitangira kwitwa indwara iyo nyir’ukubigira abisubiramo cyane agahaha agasubirayo, ku buryo byica ubuzima bwe mu bandi, akazi akakica, akaba ari ku kazi abaza aho iki n’iki bihahwa, akajya kuri interineti gushaka amaduka, kunyura mu maduka agahaha, gutoroka akazi akajya guhaha, akazarangiza asigaye nta n’urumiya yibitseho, ‘comptes’ ze byararangiye, yaragurishije yaramaririje utwe twose, ari mu myenda ndenga kamere kandi rwihishwa.

Avuga ko ibimenyetso bimugaragaraho ari “Iryo haha ry’uburwayi rikorwa nawe wenyine mu ibanga rikomeye, abandi bakabimenya yararengeje igaruriro,Kuba ubona nawe atazi ibyarimo,Gutangira gucika mu bantu,Kwanga ibyo yakundaga bindi, Kwunva atajya ku kazi kari kamutunze, n’ibindi.”

Hari impamvu zatuma umuntu ashobora kuzibasirwa n’ubukene akazabwita inyatsi

Albert Gakwaya avuga hari ibintu bikunze kuba nyirabayazana y’iyo mihahire ishobora kuzaganisha ku bizitwa inyatsi, nk’igihe mu bwana bwawe cyane cyane mu mezi atandatu kuzamura kugeza kuri 18 waragiye ugira ingorane zo kwitabwaho bikwiriye n’umubyeyi wawe cyangwa undi ubishinzwe, ibyibanze nkenerwa (ibifungurwa, n’ibindi bikenerwa) ukabibona wahogoye, igihe na none mu bwana bwawe ibyo wahawe utabikeneye,ugahabwa ibyangombwa by’umurengera, ibyibanze nkenerwa mu bwana bwawe cyane cyane muri ya mezi atandatu kuzamura, bikozwe n’umubyeyi wawe ufite umuhangayiko udasanzwe, (angoissé cg anxieuse) uko kubihatirwa, umwana atarabikenera, bikaba byakuremamo kuzinukwa byihishe (inconsciemment) bikazajya bihora bigukomanga utazi aho bituruka.

Ati “Iyo indwara y’agahinda gakomeye (Dépression) yagufashe ariko mu buryo bwihishe, kuko habaho iyihishe (Dépression masquée) ari nayo rwica ruhoze, ukumva warazahaye, ubuzima bwarakubihiye, maze cya gitekerezo cyakuzamo ukumva ufashwa na cya kibatsi cy’ingufu ziganisha mu munyenga wo guhaha, bikaba aribyo bigushuka ko umerewe neza”

Albert Gakwaya agira ati “Hari abagerageza gufata imiti itandukanye cyane cyane irimo ibifasha cyane kuzamura akanyamuneza, kuko iyo miti akenshi iba yifitemo ubushobozi bwo kuzengurutsa cyangwa gutembereza icyo bita ‘sérotonine’ igira uruhare mu gutera akanyamuneza, bikagabanya ka gahinda gakabije , ari nako bigabanya kwa gushaka guhaha cyane bigaturukaho.”

Asoza agira ati “ Murazi mwese ko ukubwira ngo afite inyatsi aba avuga ati ntako mba nta gize ngo mpahe bike ngure ibidahenze, nizirike umukanada ariko shwi.Ariko akiyibagiza ko ajya muri ‘restaurant’ agafungura, cyangwa akagura ibindi bintu yasize iwe cyangwa yakoresha abikuye ahadahenze, cyangwa se na none gutanga bitunguranye bikica gahunda zisanzwe mu buzima ugasanga ubaye ‘dépensier’ udakabije, ari we w’ inyatsi uko iwacu ivugwa. Kandi ubwo tutavuze n’utundi tuntu aba yiherereye akagura tukamumaraho ubushobozi.”

Albert Gakwaya avuga ko Iyo uri ‘petit dépensier’, ugatangira guseserwa n’imyumvire ko ugira inyatsi. Iyo udafashijwe ushobora kwisanga muri babandi bahaha by’indwara kuko uba ubihembere , bikaba bibi kuko ubikora rwihishwa bikazamenyekana wararengeje igaruriro.

Aba - Islam ntibabatiza. Gusa iyo umuntu yinjira mu idini avuga amagambo arimo no guhamya ko Yesu atari Imana cyangwa umwana wayo ahubwo ari intumwa

Kigali today yagerageje kuvugana na bamwe mu bayoboke bo mu madini atandukanye, bagaragaza imwe mu myemerere ya bo ibatandukanya n’iy’abandi.

Abadivantisite wakoze icyaha gikomeye wese arongera akabatizwa

Mu mahame 27 y’abadiventisite b’umunsi wa karindwi, harimo ayo kubatiza umuntu inshuro zirenze imwe, kutabatiza impinja, kudasezeranya abamaze kubana, no kudaseranya umuntu utwitwe, kandi ko bo umunsi utangirana n’uko izuba rirenze.

Maniragaba Gerardy ni umukuru w’ itorero ry’abadiventisite b’umunsi wa karindwi rya Kindonyi mu karere ka Bugesera mu murenge wa Mayange.

Ati “Twe ntitubatiza impinja kuko umubatizo ni uhabwa umuntu wigishijwe akawemera. Uruhinja rero nta bwenge ruba rufite ngo rube rwarakoze ibyaha kuko icyaha cy’inkomoko twe ntitukemera! Ikindi kandi ni uko twe uwakoze icyaha gikomeye wese yongera kubatizwa, ariko bitarenze inshuro eshatu. Iyo azirengeje acibwa mu itorero burundu.”

Akomeza asobanura ibyerekeye amasezerano, ati “Twe kandi ntabwo dusezeranya abamaze kwishyingira, kuko Imana yasezeranyije Adamu na Eva bakiri inkumi n’abasore. Ntabwo bari basanzwe babana. Ikindi ni uko iyo tumenye ko ugiye gushyingirwa atwite ntitumusezeranya. Dufite ivuriro ry’itorero ryacu i Remera munsi ya APAPER rikorwamo na dogiteri wacu, turamwipimishiriza.”

Akomeza asobanura uko babara iminsi n’icyo bagenderaho. Ati “Ubundi amasaha aje ejo bundi kandi na cyera kose twabaraga iminsi. Muri itangiriro igice cya mbere handitse ngo “ni uko burira buracya, biba umunsi wa mbere.” Ibyo byo gutangira umunsi saa sita z’ijoro bije vuba twe ntabwo tubyemera.”

Abahamya ba Yehova ntibaterwa amaraso. Ntibagira Pasitori cyangawa Padiri

Umuhamya wa Yehova witwa Uzayisenga Yvette avuga kuri amwe mu mahame abagenga, yasobanuye ko batagira umuyobozi w’idini nka pasitoro cyangwa padiri, ahubwo bagira abo bita abasaza b’itorero.

Ati “Naho ibendera ntiturirahiriraho, kuko bisa no kurisenga. Nta nubwo twiyamamaza ariko twemera kuyoborwa no kugandukira abatowe. Natwo na none turara irondo, ariko hakorwa imirimo irisimbura.”

Mu bindi kandi batemera ni nko gutanga cyangwa guterwa amaraso. bavuga ko iki ari ikibazo cyo mu rwego rw’idini, aho kuba ikibazo kirebana n’ubuvuzi. Isezerano rya Kera n’Isezerano rishya birimo amategeko yumvikana neza avuga ko tugomba kwirinda amaraso (Intangiriro 9:4; Abalewi 17:10; Gutegeka kwa Kabiri 12:23; Ibyakozwe 15:28, 29).

Nanone, Imana ibona ko amaraso agereranya ubuzima bw’umuntu (Abalewi 17:14). Ku bw’ibyo, twirinda guterwa amaraso bidatewe gusa n’uko twifuza kumvira Imana, ahubwo nanone bitewe n’uko tuyubaha kuko ari yo dukesha ubuzima.

Abahamya ba Yehova kandi ntabwo bizihiza pasika. Basobanura ko kwizihiza Pasika bidashingiye kuri Bibiliya

Bati "Yesu yadutegetse kwizihiza urupfu rwe; si izuka rye. Buri mwaka twizihiza umunsi mukuru wo kwibuka urupfu rwe ku munsi yapfiriyeho, dukurikije kalendari ya Bibiliya ishingiye ku mboneko z’ukwezi.—Luka 22:19, 20.

Tuzi neza ko Imana itemera imihango ikorwa kuri Pasika, kuko ikomoka mu minsi mikuru ya kera ijyana no gusenga imana z’uburumbuke. Imana idusaba ‘kuyiyegurira nta kindi tuyibangikanyije na cyo,” kandi iyo tuyisenze dukora ibikorwa itemera, irababara.—Kuva 20:5; 1 Abami 18:21."

Umu - Islam wishyingiye akubitwa inkoni 100

Islam nayo igira amahamo yayo yihariye. Urugero, iyo hari uwasambanye, itegeko ni ukumutera amabuye kugeza apfuye. Ariko kugira ngo byitwe ko umuntu yasambanye biragoye, kuko bisaba gufatirwa mu cyuho, kandi na bwo bakamufata ari abatangabuhamya bagera kuri batatu batarimo igitsinagore, kereka iyo ari umugabo cyangwa umugore wawe ukwifatiye we ubwe. Naho uwishyingiye, bakamukubita inkoni 100, ariko hakabaho no kutazikubitwa ugatanga icyiru, nk’uko bisobanurwa na Niyonsenga Ally umwe mu bayoboke b’idini ya Islam.

Niyonsenga Ally asobanura ko hari ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa bitemewe mu bayisilamu, aho batanywa icyo ari cyo cyose umuntu yanywa gishobora kuyobya ubwenge, ntibabe barya inyamanswa zirimo ingurube, imbata cyangwa ikindi kintu cyose kidatandukanyije mu mano, inyamaswa zishobora kurya umuntu zikamugirira nabi, n’ inyamaswa zifite amabwene ntibazirya.

Ati “harimo ibyo twita haramu, ibyo Imana yaziririje. Wenda urugero nakubwira nk’ingurube, imbata n’ibindi. Imbata impamvu ni uko ari imwe mu nyamanswa ridafite amano atandukanye harimo umubiri mo hagati. Ikindi ni inyamaswa zirya abantu, urugero ni nk’inzoka, cyangwa inyamanswa zishobora kurya umuntu zikaba zamugirira nabi.”

Arongera ati “Ikindi ni ibintu bifite amabwene, kuko biba bifite ubumara. Kandi abaisilamu ntabwo dushobora kunywa ikintu cyose kirimo umusemburo, gishobora kuba cyayobya ubwenge. Nabwo kandi iyo urengeje urugero rw’ibyo wemerewe biba byabaye haramu.”

Avuga kandi ko hari ibigenga imyambarire yabo, aho igitsinagore gitegetswe kwambara ukikwiza kuva ku musatsi kugera ku maguru, naho abagabo bakaba bategetswe kuterekana amavi yabo ndetse n’umukondo. Asobanura kandi ko hari imyitwarire ibagenga mu rwego rwo kwirinda ubusambanyi, hakabaho gutandukanya abadahuje igitsina mu gihe bahuriye hamwe. Gusa avuga ko usibye kwibutsa uwarenze ku mategeko, nta bihano bibaho bahanisha uwayishe.

Ati “umuisilamukazi ntiyemerewe kugira aho ahurira n’igitsinagabo aho ari ho hose mu gihe bishoboka kwirindwa kuko hari igihe bidashoboka bitewe nk’aho uri. Kuko nubwo mu mashuri yacu tubyubahiriza, ariko mu yandi ntibyakunda. Yewe no gufata mu ntoki igitsinagore ntibyemewe! Ugomba kumutorera salama (kumuvugisha gusa).”

Arongera ati “ku myambarire, itegeko muri Koroan riravuga riti “nimwambare mwikwize, musige uburanga bwanyu, musige ubujana, mwambare mugeze ku bubombampori.” Ni ukuvuga ngo uko ni ko umusilamukazi agomba kwambara. Naho umugabo kwambara ubusa kwe, ni ukwerekana umukondo ndetse nokwambara imyenda igaragaza amavi ye.”

Niyonsenga avuga ko mu idini ya Islam batabatiza, ariko kugirango winjire mu idini hari amagambo ugomba kuvuga. Ubundi ugahitamo izina ridatuka Imana.

Ati “Kugirango winjire mu idini hari amagambo uvuga agira ati “Ndahamya ko nta yindi Mana ibaho yo gusengwa mu by’ukuri usibye Imana imwe rukumbi, nkanahamya ko Muhamadi ari intumwa y’ Imana, ndetse na Yesu Atari Imana cyangwa umwana w’Imana ahubwo ari intumwa y’Imana.”

Akomeza agira ati “Ubundi ugahitamo izina. Izina iryo ari ryo ryose ridatuka Imana ushatse warigumana. Ariko nk’izina Kayezu ntabwo ryemewe, kuko Yezu uba umupfobeje, kandi ntiyanabyaye.”

Avuga kandi ko kugira ngo uve mu idini ari ukuvuguruza ariya magambo uvuga winjira mu idini.

Umupadiri ntagomba kumara amasaha 24 adasomye misa igihe bishoboka

Abagatolika na bo bafite byinshi bagenderaho badahuza n’andi madini. Kigali today yagerageje kwandika kuri bicye muri byo, nko kubatiza impinja mu rwego rwo gukiza icyaha cy’inkomoko, gufungira amasakaramentu abakoze ibyaha byo ku mugaragaro, no kudasezeranya abatwite, ariko bo bagasezeranya abamaze kwishyingira, igihe barangije ibihano byabo.

Padiri mukuru wa parowasi Mwamikazi w’intumwa Nyamata Emmanuel Nsengiyumva aganira na kigali today yagize ati “Uwakoze icyaha wese ntabwo afungirwa amasakaramentu kuko tugira n’isakaramentu rya penetensiya rifasha umuntu kwicuza akababarirwa ibyaha, ariko uwakoreye ibyaha mu ruhame, cyangwa uwo ingaruka zabyo zagaragayeho mu ruhame, agomba guhanirwa mu ruhame. Ni bwo wumva ngo aba barishyingiye, barasinze bararwana, aratwite nta mugabo agira, afungiwe amasakaramentu.”

Akomeza agira ati “N’ugiye gushyingirwa bikamenyekana ko atwite, inda iba yamutamarije mu ruhame. Agomba gufungirwa amasakaramentu mu gihe cyagenwe, yarangiza igihano, akagarukira Imana, nyuma akazashyingirwa. Kimwe n’abishyingiye, iyo barangije ibihano bahawe, bakifuza kugarukira Imana, turabasezeranya.”

Ikindi kandi ni uko uko bishoboka kose, umupadiri agomba gusoma misa ku munsi aho yaba ari hose.

Ati “Ubundi umupadiri asoma misa nk’isengesho rikuru tugira. Aho aba ari hose rero, ntabwo agomba kumara amasaha 24 atarasoma misa, keretse aho bidashobotse. Wenda ari mu ndege kandi atabona aho yiherera ngo ayisome, naho ubundi aba agomba kubikora, kabone n’ubwo yaba ayisomera umuntu umwe cyangwa ari wenyine, usibye ko bidakunze kubaho kuko abakirisitu gatolika bari hose.”

Itorero ry’umuriro wa pantekote bati ’Ntidusengera umurambo... Ntabwo aba akiri umuntu aba yahindutse umwanda’

Umushumba w’itorero Umuriro wa Pantekote riherereye Kibagabaga aganira na kigali today, hari byinshi yagaragaje idini rye ritemera, n’ubwo byinshi babihuza n’ abadiventiste, ariko hari ibyo badahuza nko kutemerera umurambo kwinjira mu rusengero, kutamerera igitsinagore kwinjira mu rusengero badahishe umusatsi wabo, kutambara amapantaro, kogosha ingohe cyangwa ikindi cyose gifite icyo gihindura ku uko waremwe.

Ati “Ntidusengera umurambo. Ntabwo aba akiri umuntu aba yahindutse umwanda no muri bibiliya byanditsemo! Imana yabwiye Mose ngo ntibazanduzwe n’intumbi.”

Arongera ati “Hari imyambarire yagenewe abagore n’iyagenewe abagabo. Kuki se abagore bashaka gufata amapantalo bakayambara kandi ari imyambaro y’abagabo? No muri bibiliya birimo ko abagore batwikira imisatsi yabo igihe bagiye kwinjira ahera.

Andi mahame agenga iri dini, ariko bakaba bayahuje n’andi madini, ni nko kutabatiza impinja, kutanywa ibisindisha, kudasezeranya abatwite, n’ibindi.

Nta munyarwanda wicaga inyamanza. N’uwayicaga ku bw’impanuka yayihambaga mu buvumo cg mu rutare ahantu hatagera imvura

Buri bwoko bwagiraga icyo bumariye ubundi kandi bukubahirizwa, kimwe n’inyamanswa yabaga iburanga. Uyu munsi Kigali Today irahera ku gusobanura umumaro n’agaciro k’ubwoko bw’abagesera, nk’ubwoko bwabaga bushinzwe gutanga no kwereza ikibanza kugira ngo cyubakwe.

Modeste Nsanzabaganwa, Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu Nteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco (RALC) ashimangira ko buri bwoko bwagiraga umuryango mugari, kandi buri muryango ukagira akamaro kawo.

Agira ati “Hari imiryango imwe n’imwe yashingwaga ibikorwa ibi n’ibi by’ibwami cyangwa byo mu buzima busanzwe”.

Aganira na Kigali Today, Muganga Rutangarwamaboko, inzobere mu by’umuco n’ amateka akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo nyarwanda cy’ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, yagerageje gusobanura umumaro n’agaciro k’ubwoko bw’Abagesera n’inyamanza nk’inyamanswa iburanga.

Ati “Abagesera ni bo batangaga ibibanza, n’iyo utabonaga Umugesera ngo aguhe ikibanza, ngo akikwereze, wahamagaraga umwana we akaza akanyara aho ugiye kubaka, noneho kikabona kigahumanurwa kandi kigakingirwa ikibi, ukazaremya. Ubwo rero urumva ko Abagesera bari bakomeye mu muco nyarwanda.”

Akomeza agira ati “Kirazira kwica inyamanza kuko ari ikirangabwoko cy’Abagesera. Iyo wishe inyamanza urayifata ukayishyingura ahantu mu buvumo cyangwa mu rutare, hatagera imvura. Kikaba ari ikimenyetso cy’uko wifatanyije na yo mu kababaro kayo”.

Hari andi makuru avuga ko iyo umugabo yabaga amaze gusiza ikibanza yifuza kubakamo inzu, yagombaga gutegereza ko inyoni ziza gutoragura udusimba muri icyo kibanza. Muri izo nyoni hagombaga kubamo inyamanza. Iyo haburagamo inyamanza, uwo muntu ngo yajyaga guhamagara umuntu wo mu bwoko bw’Abagesera, agashinga imiganda y’umuhango muri icyo kibanza. Hanyuma rero nyiri ikibanza akaza kuyirandura, akabona gushinga imiganda nyakuri, agatangira kubaka inzu ye.

Urubuga wikirwanda.org rugaragaza ko mu Rwanda rwa kera amoko yabagaho yari amoko y’Umuryango mugari w’abantu aba n’aba. Nk’uko amateka y’u Rwanda abigaragaza, amoko y’Abanyarwanda yari 18. Ariko yakagombye kuba ari 19, usibye ubwoko bumwe bwazimye burundu ari bwo bw’Abahondogo bari batuye mu gihugu cy’u Bugesera.

Ibyo bikaba byarabaye ku Ngoma y’Umwami w’u Rwanda Mibambwe II Mutabazi Sentabyo wateye Nsoro IV Nyamugeta Umwami w’u Bugesera hagapfa Abahondogo benshi, n’abasigaye biyitirira ubundi bwoko, kugira ngo bakize amagara yabo. Ibyo bikaba byarabaye ahasaga mu w’1741 kugeza mu w’1746.

Hari abajya bitiranya ubwoko bw’Abagesera, n’Abanyabugesera (abatuye cyangwa bakomoka mu gace ka Bugesera), bakumva ko utuye cyangwa ukomoka mu Bugesera wese ari umugesera, kandi si ko bimeze kuko Abagesera ni ubwoko ukwabwo, bugizwe n’Abanyarwanda babarizwa hirya no hino mu Rwanda.

Ababihuza rero n’insigamigani igira iti “Kugenda nk’Abagesera.” Ntaho bihuriye kuko uvugwa ko yagiye nk’Abagesera, bamuvuga kuko yakomokaga mu gihugu cy’u Bugesera ariko ntaho berekana ko yari uwo mu bwoko bw’Abagesera.

Urubuga wikirwanda.org rusobanura ko “Kugenda nk’Abagesera.” babivuga iyo babonye umuntu uvuye mu bo bari kumwe akanyonyomba adasezeye. Ni bwo bavuga ngo naka agenda nk’Abagesera.

Wakomotse ku munyabugesera witwaga Muganza wiyahuye muri Cyohoha, i Bugesera (ubu ni mu Karere ka Bugesera) ahayinga umwaka w’i 1400.”

Minisitiri Shyaka Anastase yamaganye iby’uko umunyarwanda yasaba uruhushya ngo abone gutaha ubukwe bw’undi munyarwanda

Ni nyuma y’uko Kigali Today isohoye inkuru ifite umutwe ugira uti‘Umugatolika w’i Nyamata ntiyemerewe gutaha ubukwe mu rindi dini adafite uruhushya rwanditse’, benshi mu bayisomye bakaba baramaganiye kure ibyakozwe n’uyu mupadiri bavuga ko bibangamiye ubumwe bw’Abana b’Imana n’ubw’Abanyarwanda by’umwihariko.

Mu ibaruwa yanditse akanayishyiraho umukono 19h50, Padiri Emmanuel Nsengiyumva ukuriye paruwasi Mwamikazi w’Intumwa, yakuyeho icyo cyemezo guhera ku isaha urupapuro yanditse yarushyiriyeho umukono.

Yaboneyeho kandi gusaba imbabazi abo icyo cyemezo cyaba cyarabereye imbogamizi.

Yagize ati “Mboneyeho umwanya wo gusaba imbabazi uwo ari we wese icyo cyemezo cyabereye imbogamizi mu bwisanzure bw’abana b’Imana ariko cyane cyane mu bumwe bw’Abanyarwanda; si icyo cyari kigambiriwe nshyiraho icyo cyemezo cyanditse.”

Iyi ni yo baruwa ya Padiri Emmanuel Nsengiyumva asaba imbabazi

MINALOC yamaganiye kure iki cyemezo ivuga ko kibangamiye ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda

Ubwo yari yifatanyije n’abakristu b’itorero EPR mu gusoza Igiterane ngarukamwaka gihuza abakristu b’iri torero n’abashumba mu karere ka Rwamagana, Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu Prof. Shyaka Anastase yamaganye ibyo gusaba uruhusa kugira ngo wemererwe gutaha ubukwe bw’undi muntu.

Yagize ati “Igihugu cyacu twiyemeje kurwanya amacakubiri ayo ari yo yose kandi dukomeye ku ihame ry’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge. Ntitwakwemera ibyo kubwira Abanyarwanda ngo ntujye kwa mugenzi wawe kuko mudahuje ukwemera. Twubahe igihugu n’amahame remezo yacyo.”

Padiri Emmanuel Nsengiyumva uyobora paruwasi Gatolika ya Nyamata washyizeho akanakuraho iby’uruhushya rwanditse rwo gutaha ubukwe

Prof. Shyaka yavuze ko idini rizana ibyo gusaba kwemererwa ngo umuntu abashe gushyigikira mugenzi we mu birori riba ritangiye kuzana amacakubiri, bityo nka Leta y’u Rwanda bakaba batakwemera ko ihame ry’ubumwe n’ubwiyunge u Rwanda rwimakaje rikandagirwa.

Prof. Shyaka yasabye amadini kwirinda ikintu cyose cyakubakirwaho amacakubiri mu Banyarwanda, cyaba gishingiye ku moko, ku gitsina ku madini cyangwa ikindi.

Yasabye kandi ihuriro ry’amatorero n’amadini ko ryakora ku buryo barushaho gukorana kuva hejuru kugera hasi, kugira ngo ibyemezo bifatwa bibe biri mu nyungu za benshi himakazwa ihame ry’ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda.

Paruwasi Mwamikazi w’Intumwa Nyamata

Parowasi Gatolika ya Nyamata ifite ibwiriza ryo guha uruhushya rwanditse umukirisitu wabo ugiye gutaha ubukwe mu rindi dini

Bamwe mu bakirisitu Gatolika bo muri iyo paruwasi, baganiriye na Kigali Today bagaragaza ko batiyumvisha impamvu z’icyo cyemezo, kuko bari basanzwe bataha ubukwe na bo bakabutahirwa nta cyo bisabye, cyane ko basanzwe ari abavandimwe kandi basenga Imana imwe.

Uyu wiswe Kayitare Joseph kuko atashatse kugaragaza amazina ye, yagize ati “Njye rwose siniyumvisha impamvu y’iki cyangombwa pe! Ubu nzajya gutaha ubukwe bwa murumuna wanjye ngo ni uko yashyingiwe mu rindi dini nake icyangombwa?”

Kabandana Vincent we agira ati “Ahubwo se ko abo mu yandi madini dusanzwe turi nk’abavandimwe, kuki tubanza gusaba icyangombwa? Boshye ari abishyingiye! Keretse niba batemera ko na bo dusenga Imana imwe!”

Hari kandi n’ababyita uburyo bwo gushakisha amafaranga ku mpamvu itumvikana.

Uwitwa Jean Claude Muneza aragira ati “Ahubwo ndabona ari ivangura rishingiye ku madini. Ubu se ko bo bataha ubwacu ntacyo basabye? Abantu turavukana, turaturanye, yewe harimo n’abanywanyi bacu, ngo ninjya kumutahira ubukwe mbanze nake icyangombwa? Ibyo rwose ni ukuruhanya cyangwa bakaba bashaka kuduca ku nshuti!”

Iki cyemezo kigura amafaranga 500 maze ugifite agataha ubukwe mu rindi dini yemye ntacyo yishisha

Naho Tuyishimire Evelyne we agira ati “Njye mbona baba babuze aho bahera batwaka amafaranga, bagashaka impamvu yo kuyabonamo, bakirengagiza umwanya n’amatike baba badutesheje!”

Aganira na Kigali Today, Nsengiyumva Emmanuel, Padiri mukuru wa paruwasi Mwamikazi w’intumwa Nyamata, akaba na perezida w’ihuriro (forum) ry’amadini n’amatorero mu Karere ka Bugesera kose, asobanura impamvu z’iki cyemezo.

Agira ati “Ubundi ni njye utanga urwo ruhushya rwo gutaha ubwo bukwe. Kugira ngo wenda byumvikane neza, paruwasi tuyifata nk’urugo. Umugabo, umugore n’abana. Hakaba harimo umuyobozi mukuru ari we padiri mukuru nk’umubyeyi mu rugo, abana bakaba nk’abakirisitu. Ubundi nta muntu tujya twima uruhushya. Icya mbere ni ukumva ko umwana agomba kujya aho ababyeyi bazi.”

Akomeza agira ati “Ku buryo aramutse agiriyeyo n’ingorane, cyangwa ikibazo kivuka, umubyeyi yaba azi ngo namwohereje aha ngaha ndabyizeye. Cyangwa ubwo ingorane zivutse, nanjye birangeraho.”

Padiri Emmanuel akomeza asobanura inkomoko yabyo aho agira ati “Byatewe n’iki rero! Hari abajyaga bataha ubukwe, rimwe na rimwe wenda babivuze cyangwa batanabivuze, mwagerayo muzi ko bari bubasezeranye cyangwa bakorerwaho indi mihango y’idini ryabo uko biteganywa, bikarangira badasezeranye imbere y’itorero.”

Akomeza agira ati “Iyo buhindutse ubukwe bwa gipagani, muri Kiliziya Gatolika iyo ushyigikiye abantu bishyingiye, uba ukoze icyaha cyo kumugaragaro, ugahita ufungirwa amasakaramentu.”

Avuga ko bashyiraho izi ngamba, kwari ukurengera mbere na mbere umuntu wagiye ahandi hantu utagenzura, agiye azi ko bari busezerano, ariko birangiye badasezeranye. Avuga kandi ko uwagiye n’umutima mwiza wenda yanabivuze, yajya kubona akabona atashye ubwa gipagani, abakirisitu bakavuga ko yabutashye abizi akwiye guhagarikwa. ati “Icyo gihe ni njye ubyirengera.”

Padiri Emmanuel akomeza avuga ko hasigaye hari ikintu gikomeye, cyatumye batangira kwibutsa abakirisitu babo ikibaranga (identity). ‘Ko ari abakirisitu gaturika’.

Agira ati “impamvu ni uru runyuranyurane rw’amadini n’amatorero, rwatumye mu mitwe haza ikintu cyo kuvuga ngo byose ni kimwe, byose ni ugusenga. Ku buryo iyo yagiyemo aho ngaho gutyo, bishobora no kurangira yagiye no ku ifunguro cyangwa ku igaburo ritagatifu bo bita ngo ni igaburo ryera, akagaruka akabyitiranya n’ukarisitiya. Akaba yanahinira bugufi aho abonye hose.”

Avuga kandi ko ari uburyo bwo kubarera, kugira mbere yo kujya ahandi, bajye babanza bamenye ko bagiye ahandi ariko ari abagatolika, kuko ngo “hari abagenda, bagerayo bagatakaza ubugatolika.”

Atanga ingero z’iyo misengere bashobora kwiga ahandi nyamara itari umwimerere wa Gatolika, bababwira ngo basenge, bagasenga badakoze ku kimenyetso cy’umusaraba, bagafata imvugo y’abandi, imico y’ahandi, ku buryo ageraho ntamenye uwo yari ari we. Agira ati “za nshingano za njye zo kurinda ukwemera kwabo, nkaba nziteshutseho,a riko nabo bagendeye muri cya kintu cyo kuvuga ngo byose ni kimwe.”

Padiri Emmanuel Nsengiyumva agaragaza kandi impamvu ya gatatu y’aya mabwiriza ko ari uko ubundi ubusanzwe, umwana wiyubashye kandi umwana warezwe, atava mu rugo atavuze aho agiye! Ati “Nta muntu tujya twima uburenganzira bwe, ariko asiga abivuze.”

Uruhushya rwo gutaha ubukwe, ni urupapuro rwanditse rugasinywaho na padiri, ndetse runateyeho na kashi ya paruwase. Ni uruhushya rwishyurwa amafaranga y’u Rwanda Magana atanu (500Frw), kikaba kiriho imyanya y’abantu icumi, bashobora kugifatanya. Utashye ubukwe bw’umuntu wo mu rindi dini adafite uru ruhushya akaba ashobora gufatirwa ibihano birimo no guhagarikirwa amasakaramentu.

Cyakora ngo iri bwiriza ni umwihariko wa paruwasi Mwamikazi w’intumwa Nyamata, ntabwo ari irya diyoseze cyangwa idini muri rusange, n’ubwo hari andi madini bigenda bigaragaramo. Urugero ni nk’itorero ry’Abadivantisiti b’umunsi wa karindwi rya Kindonyi mu murenge wa Mayange mu karere ka Bugesera.

Dushimimana umaze amezi atandatu muri ako kazi ko kotsa inyama avuga ko yakagiyemo mu mikino, yumva ashaka kugerageza akazi kitwa ak’abagabo, ngo arebe ko na we yagashobora.

Ati “Ntakubeshye nabikoze bwa mbere ngira ngo ngerageze ko nashobora akazi numva bavuga ko ari ak’abagabo, kandi njye mbona ntakigoye kirimo.”

Akomeza avuga ko icyamutinyuye gukora uwo murimo, ari uko yabonye abishoboye, kandi mu buzima bwe yanga gutega amaboko, cyane ko yari yaragize ibyago byo kubyara akiri muto kandi yifuza ubuzima bwiza we n’umwana we.

Ati “Nkibona ko mbikoze neza bakanshima, nahise ngira igitekerezo cyo kugakora kakampemba, njye n’umwana wanjye tukabaho neza, aho kwirirwa dusabiriza, byanarimba bikanshora mu buraya.”

Dushimimana Olive akomeza avuga aho yakuye ubumenyi bwo kotsa inyama ndetse no kubaga dore ko inyama yotsa aba ari na we uba wazitunganyirije.

Ati “Nkubeshye nakubwira ngo hari ishuri nabyizemo, cyangwa uwafashe umwanya we ngo aranyigisha! Gusa mfite data wacu ukora aka kazi. Nitegerezaga rero uko abigenza, abaga, cyangwa yotsa, nkabona nanjye nabishobora.”

Kudatinya uko abantu bazamufata no kwanga agasuzuguro ni kimwe mu byatumye Dushimimana akora aka kazi n’umuhate we wose.

Abivuga mu magambo ye ati “Uko undeba uku nanga agasuzuguro! Ngitangira aka kazi, abantu benshi bazaga banca intege, bakambwira ko nta mukobwa washobora akazi k’ubumucoma, ko kazananira ngaseba, ko bazamfata nk’igishegabo, n’ibindi byinshi.”

Akomeza agaragaza imbogamizi ahura na zo muri ako kazi, n’uko abyitwaramo. Ati “Hari abaza ari ubwa mbere bambonye, bakavuga bati nta mucoma w’umukobwa! Bakigendera ariko nkabizeza ko mbokereza neza, bayirya koko bakavuga bati ‘yewe! Wa mukobwa burya azi kotsa!’”

Agaragaza kandi umusaruro akura mu kazi k’ubumucoma , aho agira ati “Aka kazi kandinze kugira uwo ntegaho amaboko mu gihe nkamazeho kuko mbere wenda naraburaraga, ariko ubu sinaburara. Ubu umwana wanjye namushyize mu ishuri ariga neza, ararya akambara neza, nkabasha kwishyura mituweli, ndetse nkanizigamira mu matsinda.”

Dushimimana Olive agira inama urubyiruko bagenzi be kudatinya ngo bumve ko hari imirimo abahungu bakora abakobwa ntibayishobore, cyangwa abakobwa bashobora abahungu bakayinanirwa. Akomeza avuga ko kandi ntawe ukwiye kumva ko yahora ateze amaboko abandi.

Ati “Ntabwo dukwiye kujya twirirwa duteze amaboko ku bandi nk’aho nta mbaraga dufite! Inama nagira urubyiruko rero, ni uko bagomba gutinyuka ntibumve ko hari imirimo ishoborwa n’umuntu runaka gusa kandi ntibakagire umurimo banena kuko akazi kose ni akazi, gapfa kuba kaguhemba.”

Kigali Today yaganiriye na bamwe mu bakiriya ba Dushimimana Olive, bashimangira ubuhanga bwe, ndetse banagaragaza uko bamufata mu kazi ke.

Umwe muri abo bakiriya witwa Rukundo yagize ati “Ncyumva ngo hano bazanye mucoma w’umukobwa, numvise ntazahagaruka, kuko numvaga nta myokereze y’umukobwa! Ariko naje kumva bavuga ko yotsa neza, ndavuga nti reka nanjye nigerereyo. Nariye burusheti yokeje ahubwo nenda kwiruma iminwa!”

Naho uwitwa Betty ukora akazi ko gutanga inzoga n’inyama (umuseriveri) muri ako kabari na we ashimangira ubuhanga bwa Dushimimana nk’umuntu bakorana.

Ati “Ni uko usanze yarangije kubaga, ariko ni byo byari kugutungura kurushaho! Arabaga rwose ihene nzima igahinduka burushete! Njye nkibona ukuntu acoca umutwe byabanje ahubwo kuntera ubwoba, ariko ubu naramumenyereye.”

Arongera ati “Ni uko ahubwo ari agasantere gaciriritse, habaye nko mu mujyi cyangwa muri santere ikomeye yazavamo n’umuntu ukomeye!”

Uwo mukobwa witwa Betty bakorana akomeza avuga ko hari byinshi yigiye kuri Dushimimana Olive, aho agira ati “ Ubu nanjye maze kumenya kotsa burushete. Ikindi ni uko Dushimimana yihangana cyane kandi azi kugira intego, akanatinyuka, bimwe mu byampaye isomo.”

Isantere ya Nkanika ni imwe mu masantere abarizwa mu mudugudu wa Karambo, Akagari ka Gakamba, Umurenge wa Mayange mu Karere ka Bugesera. Abacuruzi benshi bayibarizwamo batunzwe n’ubucuruzi buciriritse, ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, cyane ko abenshi mu bayituyemo usanga ari kavukire y’ako gace.

Nubwo kwambara imirimbo ku maguru byahozeho no mu Rwanda rwo hambere, hari ababiha ibisobanuro bitandukanye, bamwe bakagaragaza ko hari ibyambarwa n’abakora umwuga w’uburaya, abandi bakavuga ko ari imitako yo kwirimbisha bijyanye n’igihe tugezemo.

Aganira na kigali today, Muganga Rutangarwamaboko, inzobere mu by’umuco n’ amateka akaba n’umuyobozi mukuru w’ikigo nyarwanda cy’ubuzima bushingiye ku muco, yagaragaje ko hari imitako abagore bambaraga ku maguru, naho abagabo babyina (intore) bakambara amayugi.

Ati “Mu muco nyarwanda ho, abagore bambaraga ubutega ku maguru, naho intore zibyina zikambara amayugi ku maguru.”

Ni mu gihe, urubuga rwandaday.org rufite inyandiko ivuga ko Rudahigwa yima ingoma nyuma ya se Yuhi V Musinga, habaye impinduka zikomeye mu byerekeye imitako y’ibwami. Buri gice cy’umubiri cyagiraga imitamirizo yabugenewe. Habagaho imitamirizo yo ku mutwe, imitako yo mu ijosi, ku gihimba, ku maguru no ku maboko, ndetse n’imitamirizo y’inka.

Bamwe mu Banyarwanda bagaragaza ko hari imiringa abagore bambara bagamije kwitaka, ariko bakavuga ko kwambara ibikomo ku maguru byo ari ukwiyerekana nk’umuntu ukora umwuga wo kwicuruza (uburaya), ko ndetse bitagombye kuranga Abanyarwanda.

Ibi bisa n’ibishimangira ibitangazwa n’urubuga quora.com ruvuga ko kwambara umurimbo ku kaguru bigaragaza ko umugore cyangwa se umukobwa, n’ubwo yaba yarashatse yifuza kugirana imibonano mpuzabitsina n’abandi. Ruvuga ko iyo umugore yambaye uyu murimbo imbere ya ’bas’, biba bivuze ko bagomba kwikingira mu mibonano yabo. Iyo awambaye inyuma ngo biba bivuze ko kwikingira atari ngombwa.

Umunyeshuri muri kaminuza y’u Rwanda witwa Nyampinga Ange avuga ko atemera iyo myambarire, kuko we n’iyo abonye ubyambaye ahita amuha indi sura y’umwuga akora, cyangwa ubundi butumwa ashaka gutanga.

Ati “Iyo mbonye umuntu wambaye isheni ku maguru byanze bikunze mbona ko afite ubundi butumwa atanga. Mba mbona yerekana ko ari indaya, aho kujya gutega ku muhanda agahitamo iyo myambarire kugira ngo umubonye abishaka yibwirize.”

Namazabahe Verena, umukecuru w’imyaka 67 utuye mu Karere ka Kicukiro, mu Mujyi wa Kigali we avuga ko nta mwana we wakwambara iyo miringa yo ku maguru ngo abe akimubara nk’umuntu muzima.

Ati “Sinzi ko hari uwanjye wampinguka imbere abyambaye, ariko biramutse bibaye naba mukuyeho amaboko, kuko sinazongera kumubara mu bantu.”

Hari abandi batabibona muri ubwo buryo, bakavuga ko kwambara ibikomo ku maguru ari kimwe no kubyambara ku maboko, kuko byose bigamije kwirimbisha no gusa neza.

Umusore witwa Makanika ukora akazi ko gukora ibinyabiziga byapfuye mu igaraji imwe iri mu Mujyi wa Kigali aragira ati “Njye rwose wenda sinsobanukiwe imirimbo y’abakobwa cyane, ariko mba mbona uwambaye agasheni ku kuguru aberewe nk’uko yakwambara amaherena. Mbona ko aba ashaka kuberwa nyine.”

Naho umwe mu bakobwa usanzwe yambara iyi miringa we avuga ko byose ari imyumvire abantu biha, kuko we abifata nko kwambara ngo wirimbishe.

Ati “Nk’uko wakwambara shenete mu ijosi cyangwa ibikomo ku maboko, ni na ko wabyambara ku maguru. Byose biterwa n’imyumvire ufite. Gusa njye mbyambara nk’uko nambara amaherena kugira ngo nse neza, kandi ndusheho kuberwa.”

Urubuga rwa www.quora.com, rugaragaza ko inkomoko yo kwambara imiringa ku maguru ari mu Buhinde, aho Abahindekazi bambara imikufi cyangwa imiringa ku kuguru kugira ngo biyongerere ubwiza. Bagaragaza kandi ko no muri Afurika hari abafite uwo muco, nk’Abamasayi bambara ibyo bikomo.

Bakomeza bavuga ko hari bimwe mu bihugu by’i Burayi bafata iyi myambarire nk’ikimenyetso cy’ubutinganyi, naho mu Bushinwa imiringa yo ku maguru ikaba yarambikwaga abana mu rwego rwo kubarinda amadayimoni.

Bagaragaza ko imyumvire y’uburaya ku bambara imikufi ku maguru, yaba yaraturutse mu Misiri . aho uyambaye bamuha ishusho y’inzererezi cyangwa indaya.

Umukecuru Mukeshimana Consolée w’imyaka isaga 60 y’amavuko, aganira na Kigali Today, yasobanuye ko n’ubwo atigeze abikora ariko ko yabonaga aho babikora, bityo agira ibyo atangaza kuri iyo migenzo agira ati “Hari abantu bashakaga kurasaga nk’umuntu wenda bashaka nko kumushyiramo imiti yo kumuvura ikintu arwaye, cyangwa kumutsirika bavuga ngo batazamuroga, bakarasaga rero bagashyiramo iyo miti.”

Arongera ati “Naho kurumika ho bacaga indasago nko mu gikanu cyangwa mu mugongo , bagashyiraho ikintu bita ingunga. Ingunga kari agacuma bakebye katagira ijosi,noneho nabonaga batwika nk’akababi k’inturusu, kugira ngo ya ngunga ifateho ikurure, noneho bagakubitaho.”

Akomeza agira ati “ Hari n’ababikoreshaga ihembe, rikiyomekaho nyine, rikajya rikurura amaraso ryamara kuzura bakamena bakongera bagasubizaho, iyo ngunga ikiyomeka aho barasaze.”

Mukeshimana asobanura icyo byasabaga ngo bakurumike agira ati “Barumikaga nk’umuntu ukunda kurwara nk’ibirwara byabagaho nk’umutwe, umugongo, bakarumika nyine bagakuramo amaraso. Noneho iyo ngunga cyangwa iryo hembe bikaba ibyo gukururamo amaraso.”

Mukeshimana akomeza atandukanya kurumika no kurasaga agira ati “Kurasaga, kwari ukurasaga amaraso ntibayatege. Hari uwo barasagaga bashyiramo umuti, ariko n’imvune barayirasagaga.”

Akomeza agira ati “Naho kurumika nyine ,bacaga ibirasago binini bagakubitaho ingunga nyine bakarumika, iyo ngunga ikayakurura. Havagamo amaraso menshi ku buryo hari uwo barumikaga hakava nka litiro!

Asoza agira ati “Kurasaga ni ukurasaga nyine amaraso agatemba, ariko atari menshi. Kandi indasago aba ari uruhu rwonyine rw’inyuma barasagaho gatoya. Naho kurumika bacaga umubiri nyine, ahari byageraga no ku mutsi.”

Uyu mukecuru rero we avuga ko yabonaga babikora kandi koko akabona ababikorewe barakize.

Ati “ Niba ari morali, nabonaga babarasaga bigakira n’ubwo nabaga ndi muto n’aho nkuriye simbyiteho.”

Rutangarwamaboko yasobanuye ibyerekeranye no kurasaga no kurumika (Ifoto: Afrimax)

Rutangarwamaboko Nzayisenga Modeste, umuvuzi gakondo ubihuza n’ubuvuzi bwa kizungu yize ahamya ko iyi migenzo yavuraga, kandi ko yanatsirikaga ibyago.

Ati “Kurasaga none ntabwo tukibishishikariza cyane, kuko byasaba ko umuntu abanza kwipimisha n’umurasaga na we bikaba uko,kubera ko indwara zandura zabaye nyinshi. Ariko ntibibuza aho biri ngombwa ko umuhango ukorwa.”

Akomeza agira ati “Uzasanga abantu bakuru benshi bafite nk’indasago mu gatuza,mu mugongo,hari abo barasaga mu gahanga,mu biganza, ku bibero,n’ahandi. Indasago,ahanini byabaga ari ugutsirika, ugashyiramo imiti y’imitsiriko,iyo batongera runaka,cyangwa kuvura,imitongero igakurwa n’indi.”

Arongera ati “ Hari n’ibyo bikenga ko umwana yari kuzahura na byo,babitsirika, ugasanga ntahuye na byo. Cyangwa umugore ugiye gushaka cyangwa umugabo.”

Akomeza ati “ Ikindi cya kabiri indasago zifashaho, bikora nko kurumika, na byo tudatangaho inama, nta n’ubwo twe tubikora. Ariko bifite umumaro wabyo kuko ubwo buhanga ntidukwiye kubupfukirana , twebwe tububika nk’umurage.”

Asobanura kurumika no kurasaga ati “Babikoraga bashaka gusohora amaraso mabi mu mubiri, urabona hari ubwo imitsi yipfundika, ugasanga ahantu habaye nk’umukara, bene izo nce ugasanga hakunze kugira ibinya, barasaga ya maraso agasohoka. Nyuma basigamo imiti yo kugira ngo hasubirane, ariko na none yo gukiza ibyo bintu.”

Arongera ati “Bikiza mu buryo bubiri. Ya miti hari icyo ifasha, na ya maraso mabi asohoka. Ibyo bintu wambwira gute ngo nta kintu bimaze?”

Muganga Rutangarwamaboko avuga ko impamvu abaganga bemewe ba kizungu batabikora ari uko batabizi.

Ati “Ntabyo bazi, ntabyo bazi!kuko iyo babimenya, baba barabikoze.

Uyu mukwe n’umugeni bo muri Nyagatare ni uku baserutse ku bukwe bwabo bakoze kuri Saint Valentin tariki 14 Gashyantare muri 2015

Mu Rwanda abashyingiwe imbere y’Imana barangwa no kwambara agatimba, kimwe nk’umwambaro uranga umugeni. Abenshi mu bawambara ntibita ku mahame yawo, kuko hari ubwo usanga hari utwite inda igaragara wambaye agatimba, uwasezeranye asanzwe abana n’umugabo akambaye, umupfakazi ushyingiranywe n’undi mugabo, cyangwa se uwabyariye iwabo.

Uwanyirigira Ange usanzwe ufite umwana yabyaye akiri umukobwa yakoze ubukwe mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa karindwi 2019, ariko avuga ko ntacyari kumubuza kwambara agatimba, kuko n’ubwo bavuga ko kambara amasugi,we ntawigeze akamubuza, ahubwo agafata nk’umwambaro ugaragaza umugeni washyingiwe imbere y’Imana.

Ati “Njye rwose sinzi n’icyari kumbuza kukambara kuko ibikavugwaho mbifata nk’ibihuha! Nta muntu wigeze ambwira ngo sinzakambare, kandi ntawe utazi ko nabyaye, kandi na padiri wansezeranyije arabizi.”

Ni mu gihe Uwamahoro wigisha abagarukiramana mu idini rya gaturika muri Paruwasi ya Nyamata we avuga ko hari n’ababa basezeranye bashaje, cyangwa bamaze imyaka myinshi babana n’abagabo, ariko bakaza bambaye agatimba, ikintu we afata nk’ubujiji.

Ati “ Njye rwose mbifata nk’ubujiji kuko ivara risobanuye ko uryambaye ari isugi. Ariko hari igihe ubona abasaza n’abakecuru baje gusezerana, cyangwa ukabona umuntu asezeranye inda igera mu ryinyo, akaza yambaye ivara!”

Naho pasiteri Majyambere Joseph umuyobozi w’itorero ryitwa Umuriro wa Pantekote rikorera i Kibagabaga we ashimangira ko igisobanuro cy’agatimba cyangwa se ivara bitewe n’uko waryita ari ubusugi. Kandi ko mu idini rye badashobora gusezeranya abasanzwe barabaye abagore ngo babemerere kwambara agatimba.

Ati “Twebwe ntabwo twemerera abasanzwe babana n’abagabo kwambara ivara mu gihe tubasezeranya, kuko ubundi ivara risobanura ubusugi.”

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko agatimba gafite amateka maremare mu banya-Europe, abanya-Asia ndetse na sosiyete nyafurika. Bavuga ko katangiye kwambarwa n’Abayahudi, abakirisitu n’Abayisilamu. Muri urwo rubuga kandi bagaragazamo ko kambarwaga n’abagiye gushyingirwa n’idini, ariko batigeze babonana n’undi mugabo. Bivuze ko nta mupfakazi wambaraga agatimba ngo amanure mu maso, ko ngo ahubwo yakamanuraga mu bitugu agahisha umusatsi gusa.

Ibyo bishimangirwa n’urubuga www.metro.co.uk , aho bagaragaza ko kwambara agatimba byatangiriye i Roma, aho abageni babaga bitwikiriye guhera ku mutwe kugera mu ijosi, kubera ko Abaromani babaga bashaka kwirinda ibyahumanya cyangwa bikangiza abageni. Batekerezaga ko nibahisha isura y’umugeni birinda abashaka kumuhumanya.

Bakomeza bagira bati “Muri iki gihe ariko, bahisha umugeni w’umukobwa gusa, nko gutera amatsiko abatashye ubukwe. Ndetse n’abaje gutwara umugeni akaba ari bo ubwabo bamwitwikururira.”

Bahamya kandi ko agatimba kagaragaza ubusugi, aho bavuga ko nk’uko ubusugi buba bugaragaza umukobwa wagize ibanga ntiyandarike igitsina cye, ari nako ivara uryambaye agenda yemye bigaragaza uwo ari we.

Musenyeri Bigirumwami yanditse igitabo kivuga ku ndagaciro na kirazira by’umuco nyarwanda

bamwe mu bakuze, bavuga ko ireme rya kirazira z’umuco nyarwanda zibumbatiye amasomo atandukanye mu buzima bw’Abanyarwanda, nko kubika ibanga, kugira isuku, kubaha, kwitsinda, ikinyabupfura n’andi menshi.

Abakurambere bajya guhanga izo kirazira hari isomo wakwita nk’umutima wa kirazira babaga bashaka guha abantu b’ingeri zitandukanye.

Uwubahaga izo kirazira wese ni we wabaga ari umuntu nyamuntu, akitwa imfura, yaba ari igitsinagore akitwa umwari cyangwa umugore w’umutima.

Umusaza kanyandekwe w’imyaka 79 wo mu karere ka Bugesera, umurenge wa Mayange, avuga ko hari zimwe muri kirazira n’inyigisho zabaga zishaka gutanga ubutumwa nko kubungabunga isuku.

Ati “Hari ubwo bagiraga bati Kirazira kurara mu muvure, wahinduka umuhungu/umukobwa bitewe n’uwo uri we icyo gihe,Kirazira kwicara ku rusyo, waba igikuri, Kirazira kwicara ku isekuru, waba igikuri, watandukana cyangwa ngo Kirazira ku mukobwa kurunda ibishingwe mu nzu,yazahera iwabo.”

Asobanura ko ubusembwa bujyanye n’ubugufi bukabije ugereranyije n’abandi, guhindura igitsina ukagira icyo utavukanye, umuntu wese arabitinya. Urusyo ni igikoresho gakondo gikozwe mu ibuye rikomye, rukagira n’ingasire. Abanyarwanda baruseragaho amasaka n’uburo bashaka ifu yo kuvugamo umutsima cyangwa kwengesha ibinyobwa bitandukanye.

Umuvure nawo wengerwagamo ibitoki. Mu ndiba ya wo habaga hashashe neza. Isekuru na yo ni igikoresho basekuriragamo amasaka cyangwa imiti itandukanye ku buryo na yo yagombaga kugirirwa isuku cyane.

Bitewe n’uwo mumaro ukomeye, urusyo n’umuvure ni ibikoresho byagombaga kubahwa na bose, uhereye ku bana batazi ubwenge, bakabitozwa kandi bakabitora.

Kuko mu muco w’u Rwanda, abana ari ndakumirwa mu gusabana na buri wese. Bashoboraga kwicara aho babonye hose hababangukiye, byashoboraga gutuma bicara no ku rusyo kubera kutamenya umumaro warwo, kandi mu Rwanda rwo hambere ntabwo abantu bose bagiraga ubushobozi bwo kwambara ngo bikwize. Abana bo bambaraga bamaze kuba bakuru cyane ugereranyije no muri iki gihe.

Usesenguye neza usanga muri kirazira z’umuco w’u Rwanda, Abanyarwanda barigishaga isuku babinyujije muri kirazira.

Bababwiraga batyo mu rwego rwo kubungabunga isuku y’urusyo, umuvure, isekuru ndetse n’iy’ibindi bikoresho byifashishwaga mu gutegura amafunguro. Kutarunda ibishingwe mu nzu rero, na byo ni ukurinda umwanda wo mu nzu, no gutoza umukobwa isuku.

Si ku isuku gusa kandi kirazira zabaga zibungabunga, kuko hari n’izindi kirazira zabaga zigamije gukumira ubusambo.

Nk’uko Umusaza kanyandekwe abivuga ati “bavugaga ko Kizira kurya umuneke w’ikimane,wazabyara ibimane. Kuko uwo muneke wabaga ugizwe n’imineke ibiri, bagiragango utayirya yose wenyine uhe n’abandi.”

Arongera ati “Kirazira kurira mu buriri, wazabyara igisambo. Icyo gihe babaga bashatse kurinda umwana kurira ahantu hihishe, bityo aririye ahagaragara, byamurinda kwiba ibiryo, ari nako bituma adateza umwanda mu kiryamo.”

Akomeza agira ati “Kirazira guterura umwishywa ntugire icyo umuha, warasusumiraga. Ubundi nk’umubyeyi aba agomba kurangwa n’ubuntu. Iyo babaga rero bashatse kwigisha abasore gutangira kwitoza kuba umubyeyi w’umunyabuntu.”

Naho Mukeshimana Anataliya w’imyaka 69 we asobanura ko hari kandi na kirazira zabaga zihatse ubutumwa bwo kurinda ubugome n’ikinyabupfura.

Ati “kirazira gutera umuntu ingata, kikazira gutuka nyogosenge. Byabaga bihatse kwigisha kwirinda ubushotoranyi, no guha agaciro umuntu cyangwa umubyeyi.”

Akomeza avuga ko habagaho na kirazira zo gutoza abana b’abakobwa kutiyandarika.

Ati “baravugaga ngo kirazira guterura igisabo utari isugi. Kuko igisabo cyacundirwagamo amata, kandi cyera iyo ikaba yari imirimo y’abakobwa n’abagore, ibyo byatumaga umukobwa ahora yitwararitse ngo hato adata ubusugi bwe akakora imiziro umunsi asabwe gucunda amata cyangwa kuyabuganiza mu gisabo kandi akiri I wabo nk’umukobwa.”

Mu gitabo Musenyeri Aloyizi Bigirumwami yandikiye ku Nyundo kitwa “Imihango, imigenzo n’imiziririzo mu Rwanda” mu mwaka w’ 1984, yagaragaje ko Abanyarwanda bahoraga bigengesereye mu migirire yabo ya buri munsi. Ibyo babikoraga bagira ngo badakora ibitajyanye n’umurage w’umuco wabo, bagakora ibizira; bityo bikaba byabateza ibyago mu miryango, bikagira n’ingaruka ku gihugu cyose.

Na none kandi muri 2018, Inteko Nyarwanda y’Ururimi n’Umuco yanditse igitabo nyobozi k’indangagaciro z’umuco w’u Rwanda, kigaragaza ko kirazira ari zo murinzi w’indangagaciro. Ibi bikerekana ko uwirinze gukora igikorwa kibi cyose aba arinze imico myiza ari yo indangagaciro zishingiyeho.

Ababyeyi baganiriye na Kigali Today bavuga ko bashishikarizwa konsa umwana byibura kugeza ku myaka ibiri, no konsa umwana nta kintu umuvangiye kugeza ku mezi atandatu, ariko ko batazi amasaha bakubahiriza mu konsa abana babo.

Chantal Umutesi yagize ati “Numvise ko iyo utinza umwana ku ibere, biguha amahirwe yo kuboneza urubyaro. Ariko nzi umugore wakoresheje ubwo buryo ararenga arasama. Niba yarabikoze nabi ni byo ntazi.”

Uwitwa Gaspard Niyonsenga we yagize ati “Konsa umwana ni byiza, kuko iyo yonse arushaho gukura neza cyane. Gusa na none, sinzi ngo yakonka saa ngahe, kugeza ryari. Ariko bitewe n’ibibazo by’imibereho y’iki gihe, konsa ntibikunze kubonerwa umwanya ariko nta kundi byagenda.

Naho Mukanyandwi utuye mu Karere ka Nyagatare we, avuga ko ufite ubushobozi bwo kubonera umwana amata abona nta mpamvu yo kumwosa.

Ati “Sinjya mbona abana b’abakire bangana umusozi! Babonsa ryari se? Si amata baba babahaye? Ahubwo ugasanga abacu barazonzwe ngo baronse ra! Umwana wamuhase inshyushyu ifite isuku arashisha rwose!”

Nk’uko Dr Samuel Ndayishimiye uvura indwara z’abagore mu bitaro bya Muhima abisobanura, uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro hakoreshejwe konsa, ni uburyo buzwi cyane ku ijambo rimwe ari ryo ‘MAMA’. Ni ijambo rihinnye ryo mu rurimi rw’igifaransa rishatse kuvuga mu magambo arambuye ‘Methode de l’Allaitement Maternel et de l’Amenorrhée’, ubu buryo bukaba bukoreshwa n’abagore bakimara kubyara kandi bonsa.

Ati “Mu by’ukuri urufunguzo cyangwa ifatizo ry’ubu buryo bwo kuboneza urubyaro ni ‘Konsa’. Iyo umubyeyi yonsa, bifasha umubiri gukora umusemburo witwa ‘Prolactine’ biturutse ku gice cy’ubwonko gikora imisemburo cyitwa ‘Hypophyse’.”

Akomeza agira ati “Uyu musemburo rero tuvuze haruguru, ufite uruhare rukomeye mu ikorwa ry’amashereka ku mubyeyi wabyaye kandi wonsa. Iyo uyu musemburo wiyongereye mu mubiri uhagarika icyo twita mu gifaransa ‘Axe Gonadotrope de la Femme’. Ibi mu magambo make akaba ari uburyo intanga z’umugore zikorwamo n’uburyo zirekurwa kugira ngo zijye guhura n’intanga y’umugabo mu gihe habayeho imibonano mpuzabitsina.”

Dr Samuel Ndayishimiye akomeza agaragaza impungenge n’imbogamizi ziboneka mu gukoresha ubu buryo bwo kuboneza urubyaro.

Ati “Muri make rero, umusemburo wa Prolactine twavugaga, uhagarika uburumbuke(Ovulation) bw’umugore. Ikibazo kiriho ni uko uwo musemburo utaguma mu mubiri w’umubyeyi wonsa ku buryo buhoraho, kuko ukorwa gusa kandi ukiyongera iyo umubyeyi ashyize umwana ku ibere.”

Dr Ndayishimiye Samuel agira inama abashaka gukoresha ubu buryo ko “Iyo uriya musemburo wa Prolactine ugabanutse mu mubiri, Ovulation ishobora guhita ibaho, umubyeyi agasama kandi atari yabyiteguye.”

Arongera ati “Gukoresha uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro bwa MAMA, bihabwa amahirwe macye cyane (20%) kugirango umubyeyi wonsa abe yakwizera koko ko yaboneje urubyaro. Ikindi twavuga ni uko ubu buryo buba bufite imbaraga byibura mu mezi abiri ya mbere ya nyuma yo kubyara, ariko bukagenda bucika intege uko igihe cya nyuma yo kubyara kigenda gikura.”

Umubyeyi ushaka gukoresha uburyo bwa MAMA ngo aboneze urubyaro, agomba gushyira umwana ku ibere byibura inshuro hagati y’esheshatu n’umunani(6-8) ku munsi nubwo kurenzaho nta kibazo, ni ukuvuga konka nibura buri masaha abiri ariko na none ntarenze atatu abaye menshi.

Umubyeyi ntabwo asabwa konsa umwana igihe yarize gusa, ahubwo agomba kumwonsa igihe cyose umwana abishakiye, igihe akangutse, igihe ashakisha ibere cyangwa yonka intoki n’ururimi. Umubyeyi kandi ngo ntibikamubuze gukangura umwana kugira ngo amwonse.

Nzaramba acukura imva akanashyira amakaro ku mva

Nzaramba w’imyaka 39 afite umugore n’abana batatu. Avuga ko nyuma yo kuba umumotari bakamwiba moto, yahise afata umwanzuro wo kujya gukora akazi ko gucukura imva.

Ati “Ubundi nabanje kuba umunyonzi, nyuma nza kuba umumotari, ariko baza kunyiba moto nakoreshaga, mpita njya gushaka boss ukoresha hano,mwaka akazi ngira amahirwe aranshima arakampa.”

Avuga ko kugira ngo abone aka kazi nta kindi byamusabye, usibye kuba afite imbaraga gusa.

Ati “Ubundi aka kazi nta kindi gasaba usibye kuba ufite imbaraga zashobora gucukura, kandi unabishaka.”

Ni iki cyagoye Nzaramba agitangira aka kazi?

Nzaramba Emmanuel avuga ko akigera mu kazi, yabanje kugira ubwoba bwo kwinjira mu irimbi, ndetse no kururutsa umurambo mu mva.

Ati “Ngitara aka kazi, nabanje gutinya kujya mu irimbi, kuko kubona nkikijwe n’imva rwose byanteraga akantu k’ubwoba. Noneho iyo byageraga mu kumanura umurambo byo byabaga ari urundi rwego! Hari n’igihe cyageraga nijoro nkabirota.”

Akomeza avuga ko hari n’ababanje kumunena no kumuseka k’ubw’akazi akora.

Ati “Hari n’aho tugera wenda nko mu kabari, bakanga ko twegerana cyangwa dusangira bavuga ngo ‘bariya ni abo mu irimbi’.”

Ese hari igihe kijya kigera bakabura abakiriya?

Nzaramba avuga ko hari igihe bwira nta mukiriya uje,ariko ko batamara icyumweru batabonye imikorere, kuko n’iyo batacukuye hari abaza gukoresha imva z’ababo neza bazishyiraho sima cyangwa amakaro.

Ati “Abakiriya ntibakunze kubura, gusa hari nk’igihe bujya bwira ntawe tubonye, ariko hakaza nk’abaza gushyirisha amakaro ku mva zabo kandi na byo nzi kubikora.”

Yongeraho ko nta gihe runaka yahamya ko kizagira abakiriya benshi cyangwa bazabura, kuko urupfu ntirurobanura.

Ati “Hari igihe kigera tukabona abakiriya benshi tukitabaza n’abandi bantu tudasanzwe dukorana, ariko ntiwahamya ngo ni mu mezi aya n’aya kuko urupfu ntirurobanura.”

Ese abakora uyu murimo bakira gute inkuru y’urupfu?

Nzaramba avuga ko we na bagenzi be iyo bumvise uwapfuye cyangwa bakabona umubare munini w’abakiriya babagana n’ubwo batakwishimira ko runaka yapfuye, ariko ko nta cyo biba bibatwaye kuko ari akazi. Ahubwo bitegura kugakora neza.

Ati “N’ubwo ntawakwishimira urupfu, ariko duhita twumva ko twariye nyine. Hari n’igihe tujya twicara twabuze abakiriya tukabivuga dutebya tuti ‘ariko ko nta bakiriya bakiboneka aho urupfu ntirwadukujeho ra?’”

Uyu murimo umaze kugeza Nzaramba ku rihe terambere?

Nzaramba avuga ko mu myaka ibiri amaze akora uyu murimo, hari ibikorwa amaze gukora, nko kuvugurura inzu ye, ndetse ko yiguriye n’igare.

Ati “Natangiye aka kazi baranyibye moto yanjye, nkora amezi macye mpita nigurira igare rishya kuko urumva sinari kujya nza ku kazi n’amaguru, nyuma nza kuvugurura inzu yanjye nyitera na karabasasu.”

Ni izihe nama Nzaramba agira abanenga uyu murimo?

Nzaramba abwira abanenga umurimo uwo ari wo wose kandi bagataka ubushomeri ko ari akazi nk’akandi, kuko aba ari no gutanga umusanzu, kuko ntawakwishyingurira umuntu wenyine no mu busanzwe afashwa n’abandi.

Ati “Hari abirirwa badusebya bakaduseka kubera akazi dukora, nyamara ugasanga arimo kugusaba icupa, akuganyira ubushomeri ngo umugurize. Inama nabaha rero, ni ukureka kwigira maringaringa,bagakura amaboko mu mufuka kuko akazi ni akazi.”

Arongera ati “ Nta dipolome bagusaba, usibye imbaraga zawe wahawe n’Imana. Nibareke kwigira nabi rero hato batazavamo n’ingegera.”

Akazi ko gucukura imva, Nzaramba Emmanuel na bagenzi be bane bagafatanyije, bahembwa bitewe n’imva bacukuye, kuko imva zitandukana ku mafaranga bitewe n’ibizigize. Avuga ko nta mubare runaka yahamya ko ahembwa, ariko ko mu kwezi atabura ibihumbi mirongo itanu.

Minisitiri w’Urubyiruko Rosemary Mbabazi na we yitabiriye iki gikorwa

Polisi y’u Rwanda ku bufatanye n’abaturage bashyize ibuye ry’ifatizo ahatangiye kubakwa ibiro by’Umudugudu wa Kamatamu muri uwo Murenge kuko ari wo wahize indi mu mutekano.

Ibi biro birimo kubakirwa Umudugudu wa Kamatamu byitezweho gufasha ubuyobozi bw’umudugudu gutanga serivisi zinoze, ndetse no korohereza abaturage gusiragira bashaka abayobozi nk’uko abaturage bo muri uwo mudugudu babivuga.

Umwe muri abo baturage witwa Nyiramana avuga ko bashimishijwe n’uko babonye umusaruro w’ubufatanye bagezeho, kuko babonye ibiro by’umudugudu wabo,aho batazongera kujya gushakira umukuru w’umudugudu iwe nk’uko byajyaga bigenda rimwe na rimwe bakaba banamubura, ahubwo ngo bazajya bamusanga mu biro.

Ati “Ibi tubikesha ubufatanye buturanga. Ikinshimishije kurushaho, ni uko tutazongera gusiragira ngo turahiga Mudugudu cyangwa abandi. Hari igihe wajyaga kumureba iwe, ugasanga ntawe uriyo,bakamukurangira ahandi,nabwo bikaba uko. Ariko ubu tuzaba tuzi neza aho tumusanga,ndetse n’amasaha.”

Umuyobozi w’Umudugudu wa Kamatamu, Mereweneza Rwumvuguza, na we ashimangira ibyo byishimo bakuye ku bufatanye.

Ati “Turishimye cyane kuko tugiye kubona ibiro by’umudugudu wacu. Ibi ni abaturage babigizemo uruhare. Iyo abaturage bamenye ibanga ryo kwiga ku bibazo, cyane cyane mu nteko z’abaturage, birakemuka.”

Akomeza agira ati “Hari igihe wajyaga kubona ukabona umuturage agusanze mu nzira cyangwa mu murima ngo nsinyira! Rimwe na rimwe bagasanga uri ahantu nta gikoresho na kimwe witwaje. Ariko ubu, buri muturage azaba azi amasaha y’ibikorwa byose by’umudugudu, kandi bazi aho basanga ubaha serivisi bakeneye.”

IGP Dan Munyuza yaganirije abaturage ku byerekeranye n’umutekano

Umuyobozi mukuru wa Polisi, DCG Dan Munyuza, yasabye abaturage kongera ubufatanye bwabo mu kubungabunga umutekano,batangira amakuru ku gihe, ndetse banibanda ku guhashya ibiyobyabwenge mu rubyiruko.

Ati “Muri ibi bikorwa, polisi iribukiranya n’abaturarwanda bose inshingano za buri wese zigendanye no kubungabunga umutekano w’igihugu cyacu. Ibikorwa byose igihugu cyacu kimaze kugeraho byubakira ku mutekano.”

Akomeza agira ati “Muri politiki y’umutekano igihugu cyacu kigenderaho, twahawe na nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda, ni uko abaturage bafatanyije n’inzego z’umutekano baza ku mwanya wa mbere mu kwicungira umutekano, kugira ngo igihugu cyose, kirangwe n’umutekano.”

Arongera ati “Ibikomeza guhungabanya umutekano rero mukwiye kwirinda ni ibi:icya mbere, hakomeje kugaragara abantu bahungabanya umutekano bakoresheje umuhoro. Muri uyu mwaka dukwiye kwamagana ibintu byitwa gutema hakoreshejwe umuhoro! Ikindi gikomeje guhungabanya ubuzima bw’abantu ni ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge. Mureke tubirwanye.”

Minisitiri w’Urubyiruko Rosemary Mbabazi, na we yagaragaje ko ikibazo cy’ibiyobyabwenge kiri mu bidindiza iterambere ry’igihugu.

Ati “Ibiyobyabwenge ni umwanzi w’ubwenge. Namwe murabyumva ko biyobya ubwenge. Ubwo buba bugiye. Nk’urubyiruko rero mukiri bato, igihugu cyacu gishingiye ku bwenge n’ubukungu bwo mu bwenge ndetse n’iterambere ry’umuntu rishingiye ku bwenge. Nagira ngo mbasabe turwanye ibi bintu.”

Uku kwezi kwahariwe ibikorwa bya polisi bizatwara amafaranga agera muri miliyoni magana arindwi. Kuzaba kugizwe n’ibikorwa binyuranye bigizwe no kubaka ibiro by’imidugudu itandatu yo hirya no hino mu gihugu yahize iyindi mu kurwanya ibyaha, gucanira imiryango ibihumbi bitatu hakoreshejwe imirasire y’izuba, kubakira abatishoboye inzu 30 (ni ukuvuga ko ari inzu imwe muri buri karere) ndetse no kwishyurira ubwisungane mu kwivuza imiryango ibihumbi bitatu.

Hari amazi y’isoko ava mu musozi abaturage bavoma ku iriba mu kabande bagahita bayakoresha bizeye ko yujuje ubuziranenge

Ingabire Nadine, ni umwarimu muri rimwe mu mashuri abanza yo mu Karere ka Muhanga ukoresha amazi y’isoko ya Rwansamira. Avuga ko amazi ya Rwansamira bakiyamuzanira ahita atangira kuyanywa kuko aba azi neza ko ntaho aba ahuriye n’andi kuko ntaho ahurira n’imyanda cyangwa indi miti.

Ati “Njye rwose nkibona Rwansamira mpita nshyira ku munwa! Ubundi amazi y’isoko ni meza ntaho ahurira n’imyanda, kandi araryoha kurusha ayandi.”

Mu gihe bizwi ko amazi nta buryohe agira, Bizimana Emmanuel umucuruzi wo mu Karere ka Bugesera, we ashimangira uburyohe bw’amazi y’isoko ,aho akoresha ay’ahitwa Rwakibirizi iherereye mu Murenge wa Nyamata.

Ati “Ubundi ukiyakoresha, uba wumva ameze nk’ay’imvura. Ariko uba wumva afite icyanga kurusha ayandi. Rwakibirizi n’iyo uyinyoye uhita wumva ushize inyota!”

Si ibyo gusa kandi, ayo mazi anatanga n’akazi ku basore biyemeje kuyavomera abatabasha kuyivomera.

Nshimiyimana avuga ko avoma amazi y’isoko ku buntu akayagurisha n’abatabasha kuyivomera

Nshimiyimana Edison wiga mu wa kabiri mu ishuri ryisumbuye rya Mayange A, afite imyaka15, akaba akora akazi ko kugurisha amazi y’isoko ya Rwakibirizi aho yibonera ibikoresho byose by’ishuri ndetse akaba yariguriye igare akoresha ako kazi,akanigurira n’ihene kandi ntibimubuze gutsinda neza mu ishuri.

Ati “Njya kugira iki gitekerezo, nabonaga mu rugo bayagura amafaranga menshi, nabona akanya bakayantuma. Nyavomye inshuro nyinshi ntekereza ko nakwifashisha igare bantumagaho nkavoma amajerekani menshi nanjye nkagurisha.”

Akomeza agira ati “Nyavoma ku cyumweru kuko indi minsi ndiga kandi sinakora ku isabato. Mvoma inshuro enye amajerekani 16. Iyo ndaye ntayagurishije ngo ashire, iyo mvuye ku ishuri ndabikora.”

Edison avuga ko amazi ayavoma ku buntu ariko we akayagurisha kuko hari abayakenera batabasha kuyivomera.

Ati “Mfite abakiriya benshi kuko n’abanyigisha harimo abakiriya banjye. Ijerekani imwe nyigurisha Magana atanu (500 frw), kandi bimaze kungeza kure kuko natangiye nkoresha igare ryo mu rugo none iri ni iryanjye,mfite n’ihene,kandi ku ishuri ni njye wimenya.”

Nubwo aba baturage bakomeza gushimangira ko amazi y’isoko ari amaziranenge, ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge mu Rwanda (RSB) kivuga ko amazi y’isoko aba atujuje ubuziranenge ijana ku ijana, kuko n’ubwo aza ari meza, hari byinshi biyahumanya ku buryo utagomba kuyizera ngo uyanywe utayatetse cyangwa ngo ayungururwe.

Athanasie Mukeshinema ushinzwe ishami rigenzura ubuziranenge bw’amazi muri RSB agira ati “N’ubwo ayo mazi aba yaturutse mu nda y’isi ntaho ahurira n’imyanda, iyo ageze hanze agira byinshi biyangiza. Mikorobe ziza mu muyaga zayangiza,ashobora kuba ari n’ahantu hatubakiye neza bahamesera,baharagira inka, cyangwa hafi aho hakorerwa ubuhinzi. Kandi tuzi ko mu bihingwa no ku matungo bakoresha imiti yica udukoko yakwangiza amazi.”

Akomeza atanga inama z’uburyo ayo mazi yanyobwa ameze, ati “Iyo rero ahuye n’ibyo byose, ya mazi ntaba acyitwa amazi meza. Kugira ngo amazi y’isoko wemeze ko afite ubuziranenge agomba kuba yarapimwe bakemeza ko amazi ava mu isoko iyi n’iyi ari meza, ukiyavoma jya uyateka unayayungurure, kuko n’ubwo guteka byica mikorobe, hashobora kuba harimo indi myanda.”

Amazi asanzwe abaturage bavoma ku marobine ni amazi ayo ari yo yose atunganywa anyuze mu nganda, akongerwamo ibinyabutabire kugira ngo yice za mikorobe. Ni mu gihe amazi y’isoko aba atandukanye n’ayo kuko yo aza ari meza akanduzwa n’ibyo asanze hanze, aho yo mu kuyatunganya nta binyabutabire ashyirwamo , usibye kuyayungurura neza.

Abagenzi bagaragaza ko hari igihe imodoka ibasiga ku nzira kandi atari ho bateze bajya, cyangwa imodoka igahagarara yinjiza umugenzi, akimara kwinjira igahita ihaguruka umugenzi ataricara, cyangwa yahagarara ngo umugenzi asohoke igahaguruka ataragera hasi neza bikaba byatera impanuka.

Angelique Uwineza umugenzi wari mu modoka iva i Nyamata ijya i Nyanza, aragira ati “Njyewe rwose mu cyumweru gishize baradutwaye bageze i Gahanga badusohora mu modoka ngo tuvemo RURA yabakaranye! Tuvamo tuzi ko baduha indi modoka iri i nyuma, ariko birangira bakase bigendeye! Nahamagaye za nomero z’Urwego Ngenzuramikorere, RURA (Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority) banga kunyitaba. Gutegereza imodoka itugeza i Nyanza byabaye ikibazo kandi twaritegeye.”

Nsabimana Emmanuel we agira ati “Izi modoka rwose nta kinyabupfura zigira! Ntizikangwa ngo zitwaye umwana cyangwa umukecuru, zihita zihaguruka. Icyo baba bishakira ni amafaranga gusa! Wakubita umutwe ku ntebe winjira, wakwitura hasi usohoka, ibyo ntibibareba upfa kuba wabishyuye gusa!”

Si ibyo gusa kandi, hari n’abandi banenga umubyigano uba mu modoka zikorera mu Mujyi wa Kigali, kuko hari igihe zipakira abagenzi benshi zigakabya, zigakoresha umuvuduko mwinshi ku buryo iyo bibaye ngombwa ko zifata feri bitunguranye bihungabanya abagenzi cyane cyane abagenda bahagaze.

Umubyigano ukabije muri bisi zitwara abagenzi waramenyerewe

Dukundane Violette yagize ati “Umubyigano wo muri KBS wo ni agahebuzo! Uzi ko hari igihe badupakira mukagenda mwenda kubura umwuka? Ubanza nta mubare ntarengwa biriya bimodoka bigira. Noneho kandi ntibinamenya ko bitwara abantu benshi kandi bafite ibibazo bitandukanye, bakiruka bagera aho gufata feri mukenda gukuka amenyo, abandi mukagwirirana!”

Ku ruhande rw’abashoferi ho, abaganiriye na Kigali Today bagaragaza ko serivise mbi ziboneka mu modoka na bo bazinenga, ariko bakavuga ko ahanini bikorwa n’abantu bakora amakosa babizi kandi bagashaka kwirwanaho bihishira.

Umushoferi witwa Kalisa yagize ati “Nk’abo bahaguruka biruka baba bagira ngo batanguranwe abagenzi. Ariko nk’usiga abagenzi ku nzira we ni amahano aba akoze! Kuko iyo aba atwaye abagenzi basobanutse bari kumuhanisha cyane! Ashobora kuba nta byangombwa yari afite kandi birahanirwa.”

Akomeza avuga ko nubwo hari amakosa abashoferi bakora bagatanga serivisi mbi, hari n’ayo abagenzi bakora, baba abayakorera shoferi cyangwa bakayakorera bagenzi babo mu modoka.

Ati “Si abashoferi gusa kandi bakora amakosa, kuko hari nk’abagenzi baza mu modoka,ukabasaba guha umwanya umuntu ushaje, utwite, ufite umwana cyangwa ufite ubumuga bakakureba bakakwihorera. Cyangwa bakwinjira imyanya yo kwicara yashize, bagahagarara mu muryango kandi ari ho abaza baca. Wababwira kwigira inyuma bakakubwira nabi.”

Umuvugizi wa RURA, Anthony Kulamba, agaragaza ko kwakira neza abantu (customer care) mu modoka zitwara abagenzi ari ikibazo, ariko ko bagiye kugihagurukira cyane, babinyujije mu biganiro bagiye gutanga, kugenzura cyane imodoka zitanga serivisi zitanoze, n’ibindi.

Ati “Biracyarimo ikibazo, ariko turimo turaganira n’abashinzwe amabisi na ba nyiri imodoka zitwara abagenzi, kandi tugiye gukora inama nyinshi tuvugana uburyo bakangurira abakozi babo gutanga serivisi zinoze, kuko gutanga serivisi nziza bikwiye kugera ku rwego rushimishije, natwe turakangurira abakozi bacu bagenzura barusheho kuyigenzura, kandi turi guhana amabisi usanga afite isuku nke.”

Kulamba akomeza agira ati “Abatwara amabisi bakwiye kugira n’umuco mwiza wo gusuhuza abagenzi,bakabifuriza urugendo rwiza. Ikindi ni ukudatinza abagenzi.”

Arongera ati “Nshimira abagenzi bamwe na bamwe baduhamagara bakatubwira amakuru y’ibitagenda neza, kuko kirazira ko shoferi atsimbura imodoka umugenzi ataritegura neza. Nibutse kandi abagenzi ko ari bo bafite uruhare runini mu kutubwira ibibakorerwa kuko twiteguye kubakemurira ibibazo.”

Kuba nimero ya RURA yanditse ku modoka hari igihe itaboneka, yavuze ko biterwa n’uko iriya nimero ikoreshwa mu maserivise atandukanye kandi ihamagarwa cyane.

Ati “Iriya nimero ikoreshwa n’abantu benshi cyane. Ni yo mpamvu tubaha nyinshi n’iyanjye irimo, kuko igihe cyose wampamagarira nakwitaba.”

Imodoka za KBS mbere zatwaraga abantu 60, ubu zifite ubwishingizi bwo gutwara abantu 71 barimo umushoferi n’uwo bafatanyije. Ni mu gihe iyo ugiriye ikibazo mu gutwara ibintu n’abantu, uhamagara nimero ya RURA itishyurwa ya 3988, iba iri mu modoka, ukababwira nimero (Plaque) y’icyo kinyabiziga.

Abanyarwanda bakoresha imigani y’imigenurano mu gukosorana babinyujije mu mvugo ijimije, kandi bagakoresha amagambo asanzwe mu muco nyarwanda. Gusa, hari amagambo amwe n’amwe aba atagikoreshwa, cyangwa imivugire imwe n’imwe yiganzamo ivangura rishingiye ku moko ndetse no ku gitsina. Bitewe n’amateka Abanyarwanda banyuzemo, bituma hari inyito,imvugo,amazina, n’amagambo agenda ata agaciro, bikarangira atagikoreshwa.

Hari ingero z’imigani y’imigenurano yakoreshwaga hambere, ariko magingo aya, uramutse uyivuze ushobora gufatwa ukundi kuntu. Ndetse ukaba wafatwa nk’ufite ikindi agamije mu gusenya imibanire myiza y’Abanyarwanda.

Hari imigani y’imigenurano yakoreshwaga, ariko ubu ikaba ifatwa nk’ ihembera amacakubiri n’ivangura rishingiye ku moko mu Banyarwanda. Hakaba n’indi igaragaza igaragaramo ivangura rishingiye ku gitsina.

Urugero: Uruvuze umugore ruvuga umuhoro, nta nkokokazi ibika isake ihari, n’indi nk’iyo itesha agaciro abagore cyangwa itsinda runaka ry’abantu.

Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu nteko Nyarwanda y’ururimi n’umuco (RALC), Nsanzabaganwa Modeste avuga ko hari ibintu bitakomeza guhabwa agaciro ndetse binamaganwa, kubera ingaruka bishobora guteza mu bantu.

Ati “hari ibintu tutakwemera cyangwa ngo duhe agaciro, hakaba ndetse n’ibyo twamagana kubera ingaruka bishobora guteza mu bantu. Ariko kugeza ubu twamamaza indangagaciro, tunagaya imitekerereze idahwitse.”

Kugira ngo umugani winjire mu Kinyarwanda nta rwego rubyemeza.

Nsanzabaganwa akomeza asobanura ko nta mategeko agenga iyinjira ry’imigani y’imigenurano, ko ahubwo umugani wizana, ugakwirakwizwa n’Abanyarwanda mu gihe basanze uvuga ibiriho cyangwa ufite icyo wigisha.

Ati “umugani urizana ubwawo. Iyo abantu basanze uvugitse neza kandi uvuga ibiriho cyane cyane ufite icyo wigisha, barawukunda bakawugira ijambo rihanura, bakawukoresha. Nta rwego rwemeza imigani. Inzego ziriho zitanga inama.”

Ese umugani uta agaciro ryari?

Nsanzabaganwa asobanura ko umugani uta agaciro iyo imyumvire n’imitekerereze by’abantu bihindutse, ati “umugani uta agaciro iyo imyumvire n’imitekerereze by’abantu bihindutse, bakimakaza indangagaciro nshya bitewe n’amateka cyangwa ibihe bishya.”

Impamvu nta migani mishya igaragara

Nsanzabaganwa avuga ko umugani ufata umwanya muremure kugira ngo winjire mu kamenyero k’abantu. Gusa ikibazo rusange kikaba ari itumanaho nyemvugo ryagabanutse cyane.

Ati “ikibazo rusange ni iki: itumanaho nyemvugo ryaragabanutse cyane. Ubu dukoresha ubutumwa bugufi (sms), imbuga nkoranyambaga na murandasi, inyandiko n’ibindi. Birumvikana ko imigani mishya itakiboneka cyane.”

Ese uramutse ukoresheje imigani itakigendanye n’igihe wahanwa na nde?

Modeste Nsanzabaganwa avuga ko ari ubukangurambaga busanzwe bukorwa, nta tegeko rirajyaho rica imwe mu migani, cyangwa ngo rihane uyikoresheje. Avuga ko ahubwo abakumva ari bo bakugaya.

Ati “ntawaguhana. Ariko se mu bihe turimo waba ugamije iki? Abantu baguseka ndetse bamwe bakakugaya.”

Imigani y’imigenurano ikoreshwa mu buryo bubiri. Hari uburyo busanzwe wumvamo umugani, hakaba n’uburyo bujimije, aho uwubwirwa bisaba ko amenya icyo irenga bamuciriye rirengura. Umugani uvuga ukuri, ariko muri kamere yawo ntabwo wo uba ari ukuri.

Inkwano z’ubu bamwe bazigize ubucuruzi

Ababyeyi b’umuhungu ni bo bajya gusaba umugeni,bakemeranya inkwano,bagakwa. Gusa abantu benshi ntibabivugaho rumwe,kuko hari abatumva impamvu ari ishimwe ry’umubyeyi w’umukobwa wenyine,ntihagire n’iry’umubyeyi w’umuhungu kandi bose baba barareze, ndetse n’abana babo bose bakaba bagiye mu rugo rushya rwabo bagasiga ababyeyi.

Bamwe mu baganiriye na Kigali Today bavuga ko kuba inkwano ihabwa iwabo w’umukobwa biterwa n’uko umuco ubigena ndetse ko kurera umukobwa bigora kurusha umuhungu. Gusa hari n’abandi babona ko bidakwiye ko hashimwa uruhande rumwe,bakabyita kudaha agaciro ihame ry’uburinganire, kugira umukobwa igicuruzwa,ndetse no kubogamira uruhande rumwe.

Uwitwa Bamuhoze Donatha urangije kaminuza avuga ko impamvu inkwano ari ishimwe ry’umubyeyi w’umukobwa, ari uko kurera umukobwa bitavuna nko kurera umuhungu,kuko umukobwa asaba kwitabwaho byihariye kugira ngo azavemo umugore muzima.

Ati “Uzi kurinda agakobwa kawe bakakajyana agaseke kagipfundikiye? Biravuna cyane! Ariko umuhungu we n’iyo yaba byararangiye nta bimenyetso wabona,kandi usanga amakosa y’umugore ari yo agaragara mbere.”

Naho Dushimimana wo mu Karere ka Bugesera mu Murenge wa Mayange we avuga ko impamvu inkwano zijya iwabo w’umukobwa, ari uko n’ubundi iwabo w’umuhungu baba basa n’abakimufite, kandi ko ari bo baza gusaba umugeni. Akomeza avuga ko nta muntu ukunze gusaba umukwe ubufasha, keretse byamurenze.

Ati “Ariko njye mbona umubyeyi w’umuhungu akomeza gusa n’ukimufite,naho umukobwa ugiye aba agiye! Ubu ntugire ngo nyina w’umukobwa yamukenera! Yaganya yumva agategereza ko yibwiriza kuko azi ko nta burenganzira n’imyanzuro yaba afite iwe! Naho umuhungu we yamubwira ati ariko nk’ubu iyo ubona…”

Ubushobozi bw’imiryango hari abo bubangamira mu rukundo rwabo

Gusa hari n’abandi bavuga ko usibye kubahiriza umuco, batumva impamvu yo gushima uruhande rumwe, kandi bose baragize uruhare mu kurera abana babo, kandi bakaba baba bagiye kubashyingirana bombi ntibongere kubana na bo.

Nzeyimana wo mu Karere ka Gisagara, Umurenge wa Kansi avuga ko nta mpamvu n’imwe abona yo kurobanura ushimwa, kandi bose barareze, ndetse hakaba hari n’igihe umuhungu atangwaho byinshi kurusha umukobwa, kuko akenshi usanga umuhungu ari we wize amashuri menshi, cyangwa afite ubushobozi buruta ubw’umukobwa.

Ati “Utekereza ko iwabo w’umuhungu bo batarera? Ahubwo usanga baranarishye amashuri y’umurengera, bakamushakira imibereho izamubeshaho igihe azaba yubatse urwe bamushakira akazi, mwarangiza ngo tujye gushimira iwabo w’ umukobwa bareze neza ra!”

Akomeza avuga ko hari n’igihe mu misango yo gusaba hazamo no guciririkanya ku nkwano nk’abagurisha, aho ababyeyi b’umukobwa baka akayabo k’inkwano, bitwaje ko hari amafaranga batanze ku mukobwa, bakirengagiza ayo batanze ku muhungu.

Ati “Ahubwo mu gusaba usanga iwabo w’umukobwa yahanitse ibiciro,ukagira ngo aragurisha itungo ra! Ngo namurihiye amashuri, afite akazi keza, ahubwo ugasanga kenshi umuhungu baje gusabira akubye kabiri ibyo bavuga!”

Rutayisire Fidele, umuyobozi nshingwabikorwa w’umuryango nyarwanda w’abagabo biyemeje guteza imbere ihame ry’uburinganire hagati y’umugore n’umugabo, bakanarwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina ( RWAMREC) , na we ntiyemera inkwano nk’ishimwe ry’ababyeyi.

Agira ati “Inkwano ubwayo twebwe tuvuga ko ari ikibazo. Kubera ko inkwano ishingiye ku muryango nyarwanda aho ibintu byose bireba abagabo, bigatuma umugabo yumva ko agize imbaraga zo kuba umutware w’urugo. Yewe twebwe twifuza ko inkwano ivaho! Kuko inkwano iteza ibibazo byinshi kuko ntikiri ishimwe ahubwo yabaye nk’ubucuruzi.”

Niyibizi Lea Liliane usanzwe ukora ubukangurambaga (activist) mu kurwanya ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, na we yagize icyo abivugaho, ati “Ku bwanjye numva uko dufata inkwano mu muco nyarwanda kuri uyu munsi inkwano yarataye agaciro kayo. Hari uburyo yafatwaga kera, nko guhuza imiryango.”

Akomeza agira ati “Ntabwo yafatwaga nk’ishimwe ahubwo yafatwaga nk’igihuza imiryango kuko umukobwa yavaga iwabo akajya iwabo w’umuhungu, ariko ubu bose bava iwabo. Numva rero dukurikije uko isigaye ifatwa bayikuraho.”

Arongera ati “Biramutse byiswe ishimwe, imiryango yose yajya igira icyo itanga. Kuri njyewe rero ikwano ubundi mu gifaransa babyita ‘dot’ ,bivuze ko inkwano ari icyo umuntu azana kigira uruhare mu gufasha kubaka urugo. Niba iyo nkwano ari ije kubaka urugo, ibyo nta kibazo! Igahabwa wa muryango mushyashya. Ariko niba ari ihabwa umuryango umwe w’umwe mu bagiye kubaka urugo, ibyo biracyari ikibazo."

Minisitiri w’Umuco na Siporo, Nyirasafari Esperance, aherutse gutangaza ko nta giciro cy’inkwano kibaho kandi ko inkwano itagombye guciririkanywa kuko umuntu atari igicuruzwa.

Yasobanuye kandi ko inkwano idakwiye kuba ikibazo hagati y’imiryango, ahubwo ko ari ikimenyetso cyiza cy’urukundo gikwiye gutuma imiryango irushaho gukundana no kubana neza.

Itegeko Nº 32/2016 ryo muri 2016 rigenga abantu n’umuryango, mu ngingo yaryo ya 167 rivuga ko “Ishyingirwa rikorewe imbere y’ubutegetsi rishobora kubanzirizwa n’imihango gakondo ndangagaciro y’umuryango nyarwanda irimo iyi ikurikira:

1° umuhango wo gusaba no gufata irembo uhuza imiryango y’abifuza gushyingiranwa ikemeranwa ko nta nzitizi yo gushyingiranya abana bayo;

2° umuhango wo gusaba umugeni no gukwa ugaragaza amasezerano y’ubwumvikane hagati y’imiryango ibiri (2) yemeranya ko umuhungu n’umukobwa bayikomokaho bazashyingiranwa kandi ko iyo miryango yombi izakomeza gufasha no guhagararira ishyingirwa ryabo. Icyakora, iyo inkwano itabonetse ntibibuza amasezerano y’ubushyingiranwa kwemerwa.”

Imbabura za cana rimwe zigabanya ibicanwa kandi zikarengera ibidukikije

Iyi mbabura yitwa ‘cana rimwe’, kuko ikoresha amashanyarazi n’ikara rimwe cyangwa ibisigazwa by’amakara.

Imbabura ya ‘cana rimwe’ yagaragaye muri iryo murikagurisha, ikozwe mu buryo bubiri (2).

Hari ikozwe mu cyuma cya metalike, ikagira akamoteri ku ruhande kajyaho cagi (charger) ya telefone, wayicomeka igateka ikoresheje ikara rimwe.

Hari n’indi ikoze mu ibumba, bikaba bitandukanye mu biciro, aho iy’icyuma igura ibihumbi cumi na bitanu (15000 frw), naho iy’ibumba ikagura ibihumbi umunani (8000frw).

Mutuyimana Deogratias ni umuyobozi wa ‘cana rimwe style stove ltd’, akaba ari na we wayishinze, aho yatangiye yikorera wenyine, ubu akaba afite abakozi umunani bamufasha.

Avuga ko nyuma yo kubona ikibazo cy’inkwi n’ingorane zo kubura amakara, yahise atekereza uburyo yabyaza umusaruro ubumenyi yakuye mu ishuri nk’urubyiruko, agafasha Abanyarwanda na we yiteza imbere. Asobanura uko iyo mbabura ikora n’akamaro kayo.

Ati “Mu gihe wakoreshaga umufuka w’amakara mu cyumweru kimwe, iyo ufite iyi mbabura umufuka w’amakara uwumarana amezi abiri (2). Urumva uba wizigamiye amafaranga angana n’ibihumbi mirongo irindwi (70Frw). Kandi noneho igateka vuba igahisha vuba cyane, kandi nka inite imwe y’umuriro igura amafaranga 200, wayitekesha amezi abiri!”

Akomeza agira ati “Urabanza ugafatisha rya kara rimwe kandi aka gace ka moteri gakenera umuriro mukeya w’amashanyarazi, kuko ni nka cagi (charger) ya telefone. Aka kamoteri rero ni ko gasunika umwuka ariko bigasaba kuba gacometse ku mashanyarazi.”

Iyi mbabura ariko, si ngombwa ko ikoreshwa n’umuntu utuye mu nzu ifite amashanyarazi, kuko wayicomekaho na batiri ya telefone, amabuye abiri asanzwe ajya muri radiyo, cyangwa se agakoresho kabika umuriri kazwi nka ‘power bank’.

Imbabura ya cana rimwe iri gukoresha power bank n’ibisigazwa by’amakara

Tumutuyimana Deogratias, ukorera mu Gatenga mu karere ka Kicukiro, amaze umwaka umwe n’igice abikora, aho yatangiriye ku bihumbi bitanu (5000frw) akora imbabura imwe wenyine, ubu akaba akoresha abakozi barenga 7 ahemba ku kwezi.

Tumutuyimana ubu ashobora gukora imbabura zirenga 50 ku munsi. Amaze kwegukana ibihembo bigera kuri bitatu nk’urubyiruko rwabashije kwihangira umurimo.

Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abanyamakuru tariki ya 22 Gicurasi 2019, Eng. Collette Ruhamya, Umuyobozi Mukuru w’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (REMA), yavuze ko ibicanwa nk’ amakara ndetse n’inkwi, ari bimwe mu byangiza umwuka abantu bahumeka.

Ikigo REMA kandi kigira abaturarwanda inama yo gukoresha uburyo bwo guteka budahumanya ikirere, nko gutekesha gas, cyangwa se bene izo mbabura zidakenera amakara menshi cyangwa inkwi.

Minisitiri w’Uburezi Dr. Eugène Mutimura

Byatangajwe na Minisitiri w’Uburezi Dr. Eugène Mutimura, mu nama nyunguranabitekerezo ku ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya gahunda y’igihugu ku burezi budaheza, yabaye kuwa gatatu 26 Kamena 2019.

Diane Uwamahirwe witabiriye iyo nama, ni umwe mu bafite ubumenyi ku bijyanye no gufasha abafite ubumuga aho abyiga muri kaminuza y’u Rwanda.

Avuga ko nubwo bafite ubwo bumenyi, akenshi badahabwa amahirwe yo kubukoresha.

Ati “Turahari, dufite ubumenyi, ariko usanga tudahabwa amahirwe yo gukoresha ubwo bumenyi. Ariko muri gahunda y’ibi biganiro, batubwiye ko biri mu nzira yo kugenda bikemuka tukaba twahabwa uwo mwanya.”

Akomeza avuga ko hari imbogamizi bahura na zo mu gihe barimo gufasha abafite ubumuga, nko kutagira ibikoresho bihagije.

Gusa nk’abantu bafite ubwo bumenyi, bavuga ko bibumbiye mu itsinda, bakaba baragerageje gukora ibikoresho bikozwe mu bintu byoroheje biboneka hafi, bakibonera imfashanyigisho ziciriritse.

Ati “Mu mbogamizi duhura na zo, harimo ubucye bw’ibikoresho, kuko hari n’aho ngera nabonye ikiraka, ngasanga nta bikoresho bihaba. Gusa nk’abantu twize ibi bintu, twagerageje kwishakamo ibisubizo, dukoresha ibintu biboneka hafi aha dukoramo imfashanyigisho.”

Udufunikotw’amacupa twifashishwa mu kubara

Yerekana izo mfashanyigisho, ati “Ibi ni ibikarito twashushanyijeho dukoresheje imyandikire y’abafite ubumuga, udupfundikizo tw’amacupa y’amazi, imipira ikozwe mu mifuka ibangiyemo utuntu dushobora kujegera kuburyo buyobora umuntu ufite ubumuga bwo kutabona, n’ibindi”.

Bimwe mu bikoresho mfashanyigisho bikoreye

Minisitiri w’Uburezi Dr. Eugene Mutimura, avuga ko mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa politike yo gufasha abana bafite ubumuga kugira ngo bige neza, nk’igihugu hari politike bateguye yo kubafasha.

Ati “Iyi nama rero turibuganire, dufate n’ingamba zikomeye kugira ngo abafite ubumuga bafashwe bagere mu mashuri aho batagera, kandi nibayageramo bige neza nk’uko bikenewe.

Dukwiye gufatanya n’inzego zitandukanye kugira ngo cyane cyane bagere no kubyo batashoboraga kugeraho kandi by’iterambere igihugu cyifuza kugeraho nk’ ikoranabuhanga (ICT) cyangwa ‘digital learning’ (imyigire igezweho y’ikoranabuhanga).”

Akomeza avuga ko ibibazo by’ingorabahizi bihari, nk’ibyo kubura ibikoresho cyangwa abarimu, politike y’igihugu igiye kubikemura. Iyo politiki ivuga ko abafite ubumuga bashoboye kwigana n’abandi banyeshuri bajya mu mashuri asanzwe, naho abafite ubumuga ku kigero batabasha kwigana n’abandi, bagafashwa kujya mu mashuri yihariye.

Ati “Hari ibikoresho bakenera bitandukanye, nk’igihugu rero hari politike twemeje kandi tuzabafasha kugira ngo tuyishyire mu bikorwa, abafite ubumuga mu ngeri zitandukanye bige neza kandi bafashwe”.

Iri tsinda ry’abafite ubushobozi ku bijyanye no gufasha abafite ubumuga, rigizwe n’abasaga 150 bize muri kaminuza y’u Rwanda ishami ry’uburezi, bakaba basaba ko bamenyekana, bagahabwa umwanya ku isoko ry’umurimo nk’ibintu bitamenyerewe mu Rwanda kandi bifite akamaro.

Ikarita yashushanyijwe hifashishijwe ibimenyetso bifasha abafite ubumuga bwo kutabona

Tusiime avuga ko isomero muri buri cyumba cy’ishuri rizafasha mu gukangurira abana gukunda kwandika no gusoma ikinyarwanda

Byatangarijwe mu muhango wo kugaragaza abanyeshuri batsinze amarushanwa ya “Andika Rwanda 2019”, wabaye kuwa 21 Kamena 2019.

Andika Rwanda ni irushanwa ritegurwa guhereye mu mashuri abanza, ayisumbuye ndetse no mu mashuri y’inderabarezi, aho abanyeshuri barushanwa kwandika inkuru mu kinyarwanda, zishobora gukoreshwa zikavanwamo ibitabo byo gusoma bikoreshwa n’abanyeshuri bo mu mashuri abanza.

Umuyobozi mukuru wungirije wa REB, Tusiime Angelique yavuze ko ‘Andika Rwanda’ ari igitekerezo cya Minisiteri y’Uburezi, mu rwego rwo gukangurira abana b’Abanyarwanda gukunda kwandika, kuko iyo wanditse uba ushobora no gusoma.

Ati “Kwari ukugira ngo tugire uwo muco wo kwandika, ariko n’umuco wo gusoma uzanwa n’uko abana babonye ibyo basoma. Bigamije rero guteza imbere kumenya gusoma no kwandika mu mashuri yacu kandi duhereye ku bana bato.”

Uyu muyobozi akomeza avuga ko ibyo bidafasha abana gusa, ko ahubwo bifasha n’abarezi kubona imfashanyigisho.

Ati “Ntabwo bidufasha gusa ko abana bamenya gusoma, ahubwo bidufasha no kubona imfashanyigisho, kuko izi nkuru zanditse zivanwamo ibitabo byifashishwa n’abandi bana bagenzi babo mu gusoma.”

Tusiime Angelique avuga mu rwego rwo kongera umusaruro w’abana bakunda gusoma, hagiye gushyirwaho isomero muri buri cyumba cy’ishuri.

Ati “Dufite gahunda yo kugeza ibitabo ku bana no ku bantu bakuru aho bari mu tugari, ariko noneho tugiye no gushyira isomero muri buri cyumba cy’ishuri.”

Iri rushanwa ryo kwandika inkuru n’imivugo ryatangiye muri 2014. Muri uyu mwaka wa 2019, ryitabiriwe n’abana basaga 10,000 baturutse mu gihugu hose, hatoranywamo 30 baturutse mu turere twose tw’igihugu, aho harimo abakobwa 21 n’abahungu icyenda.

Mukeshabatware kuba bwa mbere muri Kigali byaramugoye

Mukeshabatware avuga ko akigera mu mujyi wa Kigali hari ibintu byamugoye kubimenyera, harimo nko kwambara ikabutura, kurara ku gitanda, amashanyarazi, kunywa icyayi n’ibindi.

Avuga ko kugenda mu modoka ari ikintu cya mbere cyamutonze, kuko yiberaga iwabo I Nyaruguru, aho avuga ko hari “mu rutumva ingoma” (mu cyaro), kandi ko yari ataragera no mu mujyi wa Butare.

Avuga kandi ko kugeza ageze igihe cyo kujya kwiga mu mashuri yisumbuye yari atarambara inkweto, ko yazikojeje mu kirenge agiye kujya i Kigali, akavuga ko yiyambariraga “amakanya” (kwambara ibirenge)!

Ati “Hari bya otobisi (auto bus) byari byanditsemo ngo ‘ni ubuntu’, Abadage baguriye Abanyarwanda. Abamperekeje barakinyuriza mfata umuhanda wa Kigali bo barataha. Kumva imodoka igenda, yakata nkafata hirya no hino, n’ibiti bigenda byari ibintu bitangaje!”

Kunywa icyayi n’umugati bya mugitondo na byo biri mu bintu byamutonze akigera i Kigali aho yigaga, kuko mu bisanzwe ibintu bishyushye by’amazi mu cyaro iwabo bitahabaga.

Ati “Yewe, no kunywa icyayi byabanje kuntonda! Nagezeyo ari bwo bwa mbere mbona ibintu by’ibyayi n’imigati! Mbese twarahannyuzuriwe karahava! Urumva kuba utarigeze ukibona, ukabyuka uhuha mu gikombe, na byo ntibiba byoroshye”!

Kuba mu mujyi wa Kigali baracanaga amashanyarazi akarara yaka, na byo biri mu byagoye Mukeshabatware, kuko yaraye akanuye buracya!

Ati “Nkibona amashanyarazi se, wavuze ko naraye nkanuye bugacya! Buracya rwose, ibyo byambayeho! Gusa nyine, buhoro buhoro nyine umuntu akagenda amenyera.”

Akomeza avuga ko akiga mu mashuri abanza, kwambara ikabutura byari inzozi, kuko biyambariraga amakanzu bitaga ibizibaho!

Akomeza agira ati “Maze twiga mu mashuri abanza, no kwambara ikabutura byari inzozi, nawe uravuga! Twambaraga ibizibaho! Kandi cyabaga ari ikizibaho cyonyine! Ndetse imvura yanagwa ugakuramo ukazingira mu kwaha ngo kitanyagirwa”!

Mukeshabatware Dismas yavukiye mu karere ka Nyaruguru, mu mwaka wa 1950.

Yatangiye amashuri abanza mu 1957 ku ngoma ya Rudahigwa. Mu 1965 yaje gutsindira kujya mu mashuri yisumbuye muri St. André, ahiga ikiciro rusange ndetse anahakomereza n’ikiciro cya kabiri, aho yize ibijyanye n’indimi. Ubu atuye mu mujyi wa Kigali.

Muri iki gihe abanyarwanda benshi bemeza ko ibitutsi ari imvugo ikoreshwa n’umuntu utagira uburere. Ni mu gihe abazi ikinyarwanda neza bo bavuga ko na kera ibitutsi byabagaho,kandi ari imwe mu ngeri z’ubuvanganzo, ariko bikagira aho bikoreshwa, kuko utukana bitewe n’uko umenyeranye n’umuntu,cyangwa se aho muri.

Mukamana Judith, umwe mu babyeyi uvuga ko ibitutsi nk’iby’umuntu udafite uburere, ndetse ko umuryango nyarwanda uvuga ko ibitutsi ari iby’abashumba.

Ati “Ubundi iyo umuntu agututse aba agutesheje agaciro. Njye iyo numvise umuntu utukana, mufata nk’utagira uburere, cyangwa se nk’umuntu utuzuye!”

Kanamugire Laurent, nawe yemeza ko ibitutsi atari ikintu cyiza kuko kiza mu gihe hari abashyamirana, kubera izo ntonganya, hakaba havamo ibintu by’imirwano.

Ati “Hari nk’umuntu wantutse ngo ‘gapfe utabyaye’! Mu by’ukuri urumva ko yantutse nabi, kuko kutabyara ni ikintu umuntu atakwifuza.”

Gusa, hari n’abumva ibitutsi mu buryo bunyuranye n’ubwo, kuko hari abemeza ko ibitutsi ari ikintu gisanzwe, nta n’uwo byakagombye kubabaza.

Rukundo Pascal yemeza ko ibitutsi nta cyo bitwaye, ahubwo akavuga ko uwo bibabaza aba ari igifura. Ariko yongeraho ko utukana nawe agomba kumenya uwo abwira kugira ngo abane na bose. Avuga kandi ko hari ibitutsi bitakagombye kuvugirwa mu ruhame.

Ati “Umuntu ubabazwa n’ibitutsi rwose njye mwita igifura! Ariko nanone, utukana agomba kumenya uwo atuka, kuko atari umuntu wawe mumenyeranye ukamutuka akarakara byatuma bakubona nabi.”

Akomeza agira ati “Ubundi ibitutsi birimo amoko menshi. Hari ibibabaza, aho umuntu agutuka ku babyeyi cyangwa ikindi kintu wakundaga, harimo ibitera iseseme, aho umuntu ashobora kugutuka kurya ibitaribwa, hari ibitutsi by’ibishizi by’isoni, aho ugutuka yibanda ku bintu umuryango nyarwanda wirinda kuvuga cyane ku myanya y’ibanga, cyangwa ibikorwa by’ibanga. Hari kandi n’ibitutsi bisekeje.”

Naho Modeste Nsanzabaganwa Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’Ururimi mu nteko Nyarwanda y’ururimi n’umuco (RALC), avuga ko ibitutsi n’ubwo ari ingeri y’ubuvanganzo nyarwanda, atari ikintu cyiza, kuko ubuvanganzo bwose Atari bwiza.

Gusa yongeraho ko ibitutsi bitababaza buri gihe, ko ahubwo biterwa n’ubwoko bw’ibitutsi, uwo mutukana, ndetse n’aho utukanira.

Ati “Ubundi igitutsi ni ikintu kibi, kuko kiba kigamije kugira nabi, kubabaza undi cyangwa kutamushimisha, ndetse bikamubabaza mu byo yakundaga. Niyo mpamvu ibitutsi biganisha ku mubyeyi w’umugore, bikaganisha ku bana, ku nka kandi uzi ko inka ari ikintu cyubashywe mu muco nyarwanda, bikaganisha ku buzima kandi dukunda ubuzima! Hari abatukana ngo ‘uragapfa’ n’ibindi. Muri macye rero, igitutsi ni ikintu kibi!”

Akomeza agira ati “Ariko rero, biterwa n’aho muri. Ubu se uganira n’urungano wenda mukina umupira, mugenzi wawe akakubwira ati ‘terera umupira hano wa kibwa we’, warakara? Ahubwo byagusetsa! Biterwa rero n’impamvu itumye ubivuga.”

Mu gitabo “Umpangare Nguhangare” cyanditswe na Antoine Sibomana muri Mata 1988, harimo imigani y’imigenurano ariko ivugitse mu buryo buteye isoni, uturingushyo, byenda gusetsa n’ubundi buvanganzo butandukanye.

Ibitutsi byinshi bigikubiyemo bigaruka ku myanya y’ibanga y’ababyeyi b’abagore. Umwanditsi asobanura ko gutukana ku babyeyi b’abagore, “bishingiye ku mpamvu enye z’ingenzi: kubabaza uwo utuka, kwiganzura ubutegetsi, kurengera uwawe no gupfobya ibyo uzira cyangwa udashoboye kwigondera”.

Yavuze ko “iyo usesenguye ibitutsi, usanga mo bimwe mu bigize ishingiro ry’umuco wa kinyarwanda kuko icyandagazwa iyo abantu batukana ari uko ku busanzwe kiba cyubahitse kandi cyubashywe. Gutukana rero ni ukubahuka ibisanzwe byubahitse”.

MUkeshabatware Dismas yarambagije umukobwa bashakana mu kwezi kumwe gusa

Mukeshabatware Dismas umenyerewe mu makinamico no kwamamaza ku maradiyo, yivugira ko yamenye n’umukobwa bagashyingiranwa mu minsi mirongo itatu gusa.

Nubwo umugore we amaze umwaka yitabye Imana, Mukeshabatware avuga ko bari basazanye neza.

Mukeshabatware Dismas yivugira ko uwo mukobwa bashakanye batari basanzwe baziranye, ko ahubwo yamubonye mu gace k’iwabo, kandi ko atari yarigeze agira igitekerezo cyo kumurambagiza mbere y’iyo minsi 30 bakozemo ubukwe.

Avuga ko ibyo yabitewe n’uko yari umusirikare, kandi amaze kubirambirwa, mu gushaka kubivamo rero, yiyenza ku bamuyoboraga avuga ko ashaka kurongora, kuko iyo wabaga ugiye gushaka baguhaga inzu n’ibindi byangombwa.

Yabivuze rero yumva ko mu minsi 30 atanze batari buhite babimuha, maze akaboneraho agasezera, ariko nabo bahita babimuha.

Ati “Ntawe nari narabengutse rwose!Nabigize nshaka impamvu niyenza, nabo baba babikenze, baba barabimpaye batanangoye! Nabikoze nikinira rwose nabo barampima barabimpa!”

Mukeshabatware avuga ko kurambagiza umukobwa bazashyingiranwa bitamugoye, kuko mu gihe cyabo, umusirikare yari umusore ugezweho.

Ati “Nagize Imana, mu giturage iyo wabaga uri umusirikare, uryoshye na kepi (ingofero ya gisirikare) wabaga ugezweho. Uwo nabwiye yahise anyemera. Ntabwo byangoye rwose!

Hari umukobwa twari duturanye iwacu I Nyaruguru, twari dusanzwe dusa n’abaziranye, ndabimubwira ubwo aba arabyemeye dukora ubukwe mu minsi 30.”

Kuwa 30 Ugushyingo muri 2017, nibwo umugore wa Mukeshabatware Dismas witwaga Mukakarangwa Marie Hélène yitabye Imana azize uburwayi, akaba yari afite imyaka 52.

Mu buzima bw’abagore n’abakobwa, kugaragara neza ku mubiri biri mu bintu bifata umwanya wa mbere, aho baba baharanira guhorana umucyo, ubwiza ndetse n’ igikundiro.

Muri uku gushakisha guhorana umucyo n’itoto, abenshi b’igitsina gore bakunze kwishyiraho ibirungo (maquillage) bitandukanye ku mubiri cyane cyane ku maso, iminwa, no mu musatsi mu rwego rwo kugaragara neza no gushaka ko abantu babareba. Nyamara byagaragaye ko hari ababikora batazi ingaruka bigira ku ruhu rwabo.

Mu byo abagore n’abakobwa bisiga ngo bagaragare neza hari ibifite ibara ry’umukara bijya ku ngohe cyangwa ibisa n’igihogo(chocolat), hari ibisa n’igitaka cyangwa umweru bisiga ku ruhu, hakaba ibitukura bisiga ku munwa, batibagiwe amabara y’amoko yose basiga hejuru y’ingohe n’ibitsike. Gusa abenshi bavuga ko batazi izo ngaruka nubwo hari igihe babona ibimenyetso by’impinduka ku mubiri wabo.

Nubwo inshuro nyinshi usanga abakobwa benshi n’abagore bakunze kwisiga ibibongerera ubwiza mu maso (gukora maquillage), ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko bigira ingaruka mbi zirimo n’indwara ku maso.

Urubuga www.quora.com rugaragaza ko ubusanzwe ingohe n’ibitsike bifite akamaro gakomeye ko kurinda imyanda iturutse hanze y’ijisho ngo ntiryinjiremo, bityo ngo kuko ingohe ziba zishinze mu twobo kandi gusigamo ibyongera ubwiza bitazwi icyo bikozemo byagira ingaruka mbi kuko bishobora kwinjira muri utwo twobo no mu jisho imbere bigatera indwara. Basobanura ko gukora ‘maquillage’ bishobora gutera indwara bita ‘conjoctivité allergique’ ituma umuntu yishimagura ku maso mu gihe bikoreshejwe igihe kirekire. Ikindi ni uko ingaruka zishobora gutinda kugaragara bitewe n’umubiri w’umuntu, ariko ubundi ngo ingaruka akenshi ziba zihari.

Ku rubuga rwa Internet www.reverehealth.com ho basobanura ko hari imiti (products) abagore n’abakobwa bisiga zirimo uburozi butandukanye bushobora gutuma uruhu rwabo rwizinga cyangwa se rugakanyarara ndetse bimwe muri byo bikaba byanabakururira indwara ya kanseri n’izindi zitandukanye aho kubazanira ubwiza nk’uko benshi baba babiteganya.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na kaminuza ya Berkeley, busohoka mu gitabo cyiswe ‘Environmental Health Perspectives’ bugaragaza ko hari ibyo umuntu wisiga agomba kwitondera kubanza gusuzuma. Buvuga ko hari bimwe mu bigize amavuta yo kwisiga ndetse n’ibindi birungo by’ubwiza bitandukanye, usanga byangiza uruhu. Ni yo mpamvu umuntu aba agomba kwitondera ibyo agiye kugura, niba ari amavuta cyangwa maquillage akabanza gusoma ibyo bikozemo.

Hari aho bagira bati “Niba ugiye kugura amavuta ukabona arimo ibi bikurikira ntuzayagure rwose, kuko ni bimwe mu byangiza uruhu harimo ; Mercure, formaldéhyde, triclosane, parabène, Propylène Glycol, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS), Petrolatum.”

Ibi byose ushobora gusanga ari byo byifashishwa mu gukora rouge à lèvres abantu bisiga ku minwa nk’uko iki gitabo kibisobanura, kuko ngo ibirungo byo ku munwa byinshi biba bikoze mu bikomoka kuri cadmium, aluminium na Plomb kuko nibura ibirungo 24 kuri 32 bigurwa mu masoko byose biba bikozwe n’ibi byavuzwe haruguru kandi ni byo bigira uruhare mu kwangiza uruhu.

Abantu bagirwa inama yo kwita ku buzima ndetse n’ubwiza bw’uruhu begera abaganga basobanukiwe ibyo kwita ku ruhu. Kenshi abantu ngo bibwira ko kwisiga amavuta cyangwa kwishyiraho ibirungo byinshi kandi bihenze ari byo bituma baba beza bakibagirwa ingaruka byagira ku buzima bwabo.

Nubwo inganda nyinshi zikora izi ‘produits’ zifashishwa mu guha isura n’impumuro nziza umubiri zerekana ko nta kibazo ibyo bacuruza bifite, abantu ngo bakwiye mbere na mbere gushishoza mu gutoranya amavuta, ‘produits’, cyangwa ibindi birungo by’umubiri bakoresha.

Ibyo abantu nibabigeraho ndetse bakifashisha n’inama z’abaganga bazagira ubuzima bwiza kandi banagire isura nziza bityo bagabanye ukwiyongera kwa zimwe mu ndwara nka kanseri muri iki gihe zihangayikishije isi.

Watt ni kimwe mu bipimo abantu bakunze gukoresha mu buzima bwa buri munsi

Abaturage muri rusange, baba abize n’abatarize, hari urugero fatizo rwa buri kintu usanga rumenyerewe ko ari rwo bakoresha.

Urugero, iyo bavuga ingano y’amazi bakoresha metero kibe (m3), ku butaka (ubuso) hagakoreshwa hegitare (ha), wagera ku muriro bagakoresha kilowate (kilowatt), mu gihe ku buremere bakoresha kilogarama (kilogram), naho ku burebure bagakoresha kirometero (km).

Benshi bakoresha ibyo bipimo mu mvugo ya buri munsi, nyamara wababaza neza ugasanga batazi neza ingano, indeshyo cyangwa se uburemere nyakuri kw’ibyavuzwe.

Mukanyandwi Donatha, ni umwe mu bemeza ko bakoresha ingero runaka kuko bazumva gusa, ariko ko ubatunguye badashobora kukubwira ingano y’umurima wabo, uburebure bwabo, indeshyo y’urugendo bakora, n’ibindi.

Agira ati “Nkanjye usibye kumva ngo mfite isambu ingana na hegitare, ntiwambaza ngo bayipimye bagendeye ku ki? Cyangwa se ngo bakuyeho ikibanza nasigarana ingana ite”.

Yungamo ati “Hari n’umugore wo hirya aha ntavuze izina, yabwiye abantu ko agenda ibirometero nka 70 ngo agere kuri bisi, twumva baramusetse, ariko kuko natwe twabonaga ari kure ntitwahise tumenya icyo basetse. Gusa nyuma twamenye ko yibeshye. Ariko nubwo babifashe nk’amakabyankuru, we ni ko yabyumvaga!”

Naho Nzaramba wo mu karere ka Bugesera we, avuga ko yumva ngo ikigo gishinzwe gukwirakwiza amazi (WASAC), cyatanze metero kibe (m3) izi n’izi z’amazi, ariko ntahite yumva ingano z’ayo mazi batanze.

Agira ati “Nk’iyo ngiye kubarisha ngo nishyure amazi nakoresheje iwange, barambwira ngo ni metero kibe izi n’izi. Nkapfa kwishyura ntazi ngo wenda mu rugo iwange nakoresheje byibura amajerekani angahe.”

Ubusanzwe ibi bipimo bingana bite?

Muri iyi nkuru, Kigali Today yaganiriye na bamwe mu basobonukiwe neza uko babara ibipimo by’ibintu runaka. Muri bo harimo abarimu, banabyigisha buri munsi.

Ubusanzwe ibipimo byose bigira urugero fatizo mpuzamahanga, rukaba ari na rwo rukoreshwa hose, ndetse rukanigishwa mu mashuri.

1. Isiteri y’inkwi cyangwa cy’amabuye

Ntakaziraho venuste, umuyobozi w’ikigo cy’amashuri cya G.S Mwendo, mu karere ka Bugesera, avuga ko ikirundo cy’inkwi cyangwa icy’amabuye babipima bagendeye ku masiteri, aho isiteri imwe iba ifite uburebure bwa metero imwe (1m) n’ubugari bika bityo.

Bivuze ko isiteri iba ipanze mu buryo igira impande enye (4) zingana.

isiteri y’inkwi cyangwa amabuye, ingana na metero imwe mu burebure no mu bugari

Agira ati “Isiteri ni ikirundo cy’inkwi cyangwa icy’amabuye gipanze metero kare. Bivuze ko uburebure n’ubugari bwacyo kiba ari metero imwe (1m), kuko isiteri imwe (1st), ingana na metero kare imwe.

2. Metero kibe (m3)

Ntakaziraho akomeza avuga ko metero kibe imwe, ingana na litiro 1000.
Ijerekani imwe y’amazi yo igira litiro makumyabiri (20l). Ibi bivuze ko metero kibe imwe, ingana n’amajerekani 50, ya litiro 20 imwe imwe.

Metero kibe imwe (1 m3) yo ingana na litiro 1000

Kugira ngo umenye metero kibe z’igikoresho, ikigega, umwobo, ingunguru, n’ibindi, upima litiro zijyamo ukagabanya na 1000.

3. Hegitari

Uwitwa Nsengumuremyi Jean Pierre ufite impamyabumenyi ya kaminuza A0 mu bijyanye n’ubuhinzi (Agriculture Mechanization), asobanura ko ingero z’ubuso, ari na zo zikoreshwa hapimwa ubutaka bagendera kuri metero (m).

Avuga ko kugira ngo upime hegitari, ugendera kuri metero, aho hegitari imwe (ha1) ingana na metero kare ibihumbi icumi(10.000).

Hegitari burya ni metero 100 kuri metero 100

Bivuze ko isambu ifite uburebure bwa metero ijana (100m) n’ubugari bwa metero ijana (100m) iba ingana na hegitari imwe (ha 1).”

4. Megabytes

Kubera ikoranabuhanga, abantu benshi cyane cyane abakoresha mudasobwa ndetse na telefone, bakenera kenshi gukoresha murandasi (internet). Ibi bimusaba kuba afite amafaranga amufasha kugura ibyo bita megabiyiti (megabytes).

Mu by’ukuri megabytes zipimwa gute?

Sebanani Sylviard, umwarimu wigisha ubugenge (phyisics) muri GS Rwamiko, mu karere ka Nyaruguru, asobanura ko ingero nka kilobiyiti (kilo byte), megabiyiti (megabyte) na jigabiyiti (gigabytes), ari ingero zikoreshwa mu ikoranabuhanga (ICT), zikaba zirutanwa mu buryo bwa kabiri yikubye inshuro icumi (210). Ni ukuvuga ko bingana n’igihumbi na makumyabiri (1,024).

Ibi bivuze ko Megabyte imwe, ingana n’umubare 1,024.

Ati “Ubundi hejuru haba hari telabyte ikarusha gigabyte 210 (1,024), na gigabyte ikarusha megabyte 210 (1,024), megabyte igakurikirwa na kilobyte ikayirusha nayo 210 (1,024) nubwo yo idakunda gukoreshwa. Uko ni ko bikurikirana uhereye hejuru.”

5. Watt

Sebanani asobanura ko iyo ugeze ku ngufu, ho urugero fatizo ari wate (watt). Aho wate igihumbi (1000 watts) zingana na kilo wate imwe (1kilowatt). Ibyo bikaba byaravumbuwe n’umuntu witwa James Watt bahita babimwitirira.

Ati “Iyo tugiye kubara energy (ingufu), umuntu yakoresheje akora ikintu, babibara bakoresheje watt. Noneho iyo uvuye muri watt uhita ugera muri kilowatt, urumva kilowatt uba ubikubye inshuro igihumbi (1000). Ariko hagati ya kilowatt na watt habamo ingero nyinsi batavuga, batanakunze gukoresha.”

6. Metero na Kirogarama

Sebanani akomeza avuga ku ngero z’uburebure, n’uburemere, ko na ho bakoresha metero (m) nk’igipimo fatizo cy’uburebure, naho ku buremere bagakoresha kilogarama (kg).

Ati “Iyo ugiye gupima uburebure bw’umuhanda ukoresha metero isanzwe. Kugirango bavuge ko umuhanda ari ibirometero ibi n’ibi, ni uko ari rwo rugero rugabanya imibare. Ubundi kilometero imwe (1km), igizwe na metero igihumbi (1000m), naho ikilo kimwe kikaba kigizwe n’amagarama igihumbi (1000g).”

Ubundi iyo urugero rwose rwongeweho kilo-, biba bivuga gukuba igihumbi (1000). Niba ari kilogarama, ubwo ni amagarama igihumbi, kilometero ubwo ni metero igihumbi, n’ibindi nk’ibyo.

Gusa ariko mu bipimo by’ububiko mu bikoresho koranabuhanga (electronic divices), (kilo) bivuga gukuba 1024(210).

Bamwe mu banyeshuri b’abagore biga itangazamakuru na bamwe mu babahugura muri WIN program

Aba banyeshuri bavuga ko mbere batarabona amahugurwa ya Women in News bari bafite byinshi bibwira bitandukanye n’ibyo bazi ubu.

Uwanyirigira Aloysie Justine, umwe muri abo banyeshuri urangije muri ICK(Institut Catholique de Kabgayi), avuga ko yamenye ko kuva yatangira kwiga itangazamakuru yahise ahinduka umunyamakuru nyine.

Ati “Mbere ntarahugurwa na Women in News, numvaga nzaba umunyamakuru ari uko ndangije kaminuza, kandi mbonye akazi. Nyuma yo guhugurwa rero, banyigishije ko gushaka aho nimenyereza umwuga, gushinga website yanjye cyangwa amapaji yanjye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, byamfasha kuba umunyamwuga. ”

Naho Deborah Ishimwe wiga mu mwaka wa kabiri muri ICK, we avuga ko yamenye byinshi mu bikorerwa aho bategurira amakuru (newsroom), n’uko agomba kubyitwaramo.
Agira ati “Batubwiye ko muri newsroom hakunze kuvugwamo byinshi bibi, nka sexual harassment (gushyira umuntu ku nkeke hashingiwe ku gitsina),ndetse batwigisha uko ngomba kubyitwaramo nkabyirinda.”

Arongera ati “Batubwiye kandi ko hari aho ushobora kujya gukora, kuko uri umukobwa bakakubona nk’umuntu udashoboye, batwigisha ko ugomba kugaragaza ubushobozi bwawe, kuko ntacyo umuhungu yakora wowe utakora.”

Naho Uwicyeza Vanette wiga muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, ishami rya Huye, we avuga ko yagiye mu itangazamakuru kuko ari ho Leta yamwohereje, atarikundaga, akumva ko atanarishobora. Ariko magingo aya ni umunyamakuru wifitemo icyizere, kandi yerekana ko ashoboye mu gitangazamakuru akorera.

Agira ati “N’ubwo nigaga itangazamakuru sinaryiyumvagamo cyane. Numvaga kandi ko n’iyo nakora itangazamakuru nta bintu bya camera (byo gufata amashusho) nzajyamo! Ariko ubu byose nzi kubikora neza, kuko bandemyemo icyizere n’urukundo rwabyo.”

Umunyamakuru ukorera TV na Radio 1 witwa Assoumpta Mukeshimana, akaba n’umwe mu bagore bahugura abandi mu itangazamakuru, asobanura ko intego z’iyo gahunda ari ugufasha abagore kujya mu nzego z’ubuyobozi. Ni nyuma y’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe, bukagaragaza ko noneho abagore mu itangazamakuru hari igihe bazagera bakabura. Ngo uko kubura biterwa n’uko abakobwa biga itangazamakuru batarikunda ndetse ntibanigirire icyizere.

Mukeshimana ati “WIN rero yaje kugira ngo dufashe ba bana b’abanyeshuri baherereye mu biga itangazamakuru b’abagore,kugira ngo batinyuke ndetse bagere ku rwego rwo gufata ibyemezo mu itangazamakuru.”

Mukeshimana avuga kandi ko igihe bamaze bahugura hari umusaruro mwiza biri kubaha.

Ati “umusaruro wa mbere ni uko iyo uganira n’umuntu umunsi wa mbere n’uwa kabiri wumva harimo itandukaniro. Bivuze ngo ibyo twababwiye,hari uko bamaze kugenda babishyira mu bikorwa.”

Akomeza ati “Ikindi kandi umusaruro tubona ni uko hari abatangiye kwandika inkuru. Ubu abakobwa batangiye kwandika inkuru, kandi ku nsanganyamatsiko zikomeye, nk’amadokimanteri, amamagazine, cyangwa ukabona ari gukora inkuru ku ndwara ikomeye, bimwe tutamenyereye ku bakobwa.”

Gahunda yo gukundisha abagore itangazamakuru (Win program) imaze imyaka itanu mu Rwanda, aho ihugura abanyeshuri b’abagore biga itangazamakuru, mu rwego rwo kubazamuramo ubushake n’ubushobozi mu gukora umwuga w’itangazamakuru ndetse no kuzamura ihame ry’uburinganire mu mwuga w’itangazamakuru.

Ibikoresho bifashisha biba amashanyarazi birakemangwa

Ubu bujura bwo kwiba umuriro uhabwa abaturage mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko bwakozwe mu gihe bari mu myiteguro yo gusurwa na Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame, aho uwabikoze yiyita umukozi wa REG. Ngo yababwiraga ko badashaka ibibazo bijya kwa Perezida by’umuriro.

Hitabatuma Daniel, umwe mu baturage bari barimo guhabwa umuriro muri ubwo buryo, yasobanuye ko batigeze bakeka ko ugiye kubaha umuriro ari umujura,kuko yaje azi neza ko banditse bawusaba, kandi ko bamubonye akorana n’abakozi ba REG batangaga umuriro hirya yabo.

Ati “Twamusanze ari gukorana n’abakozi ba REG hariya ku mataje (étage),ahubwo anatwereka ko ari we ubayoboye. Ubundi uburyo yaje,yaje atubwira ko ari umuyobozi wa REG, atubwira ko haje poromotiyo yo guha abaturage batuye hafi y’ariya mazu yacu imiriro, cyane cyane ko yanatweretse ko perezida agiye kuza ino ahangaha, ngo adashaka ibibazo bizagenda bikwira imbere y’ubuyobozi ko tutagira imiriro, ko twanditse dusaba umuriro kera, ibintu nk’ibyo!”

Hitabatuma Daniel, umwe mu baturage wabeshywe guhabwa amashanyarazi

Naho uwafashwe aje gukorana n’uwiyitaga umuyobozi wa REG we yavuze ko yari asanzwe ari umutekinisiye ukora akazi ko gushyira umuriro mu nzu (installation), agahamagarwa n’umuntu atazi, amubwira ko ashaka kumuha ikiraka.

Ati “Njyewe nari nje mu kiraka nka manipawa(man power), naje ntanazi isura y’umpamagaye n’izina rye ndimenye nonaha bamuvuga, mpageze ansigira uriya mugabo ngo anyobore aho dukorera, ko we hari ibikoresho agiye kuzana.”

Martin Mutsindashyaka, umuyobozi w’ishami rya REG rya Nyarugenge, yasobanuye ko ubu bujura bweze mu duce dutandukanye, bukaba bukorwa n’abantu bize ibintu by’amashanyarazi, ariko uyu we wabiyitiriye akaba yari amaze iminsi baramuhaye ikiraka cyo gukorana na bo aho bari gutanga amashanyarazi, ariko ko atari umukozi wabo uhoraho.

Martin Mutsindashyaka, umuyobozi wa REG mu Karere ka Nyarugenge asaba abaturage kuba maso

Mutsindashyaka yavuze ko kuba aba baturage baratinze guhabwa amashanyarazi ,ari uko banditse bayasaba,babasura bagasanga batuye mu ngo zitandukanye cyane, ariko babagira inama yo kwandikira akarere, akaba ari ko kamanuka kagakorana n’ishami rya REG rishinzwe gutanga amashanyarazi . Avuga ko bashobora kuba batarabikoze, cyangwa akarere akaba ari ko kabyihoreye.

Ati “Kubera ko imihigo ya REG isigaye ihura n’iy’akarere hashyizweho gahunda y’uko iyo abaturage bakeneye umuriro bandikira akarere, noneho bagateza kashi ku kagari n’umurenge, akarere kakaba ari ko kamanuka kagakorana n’ikigo cya kabiri cyacu cyo muri REG, bakagira uko bumvikana bazishyura. Hagati aho rero,ntabwo bigeze babikora, cyangwa niba baranabikoze ubwo byaranze, niba ari akarere kabikoze, niba ari bo babyanze, ntabwo tubizi.”

Mutsindashyaka akomeza agira inama abaturage ko igihe babonye umuntu ubabwira ko aje kubaha umuriro cyangwa kubakorera n’ibindi byerekeranye na serivisi zitangwa na REG, bagomba kubasaba kubereka ikarita yerekana ko ari umukozi wa REG, kandi ko batemerewe guha uwo ari we wese amafaranga mu ntoki, ko serivisi zabo zishyurirwa kuri konti ya bo ya banki, uwishyuye akazana urupapuro rwerekana ko yishyuye.

Imyobo bacukura na yo ngo ntiyujuje ubuziranenge

Mutsindashyaka yanababwiye ko n’ibikoresho abo bajura bazana bitujuje ubuziranenge kandi bibashyira mu kaga ko kwibwa, guhabwa ibikoresho bidafite uburambe , ndetse no kubura umuriro bya buri kanya.

Ati “Icya mbere, bazanye amapoto adakwije ubuziranenge,namwe murabibona ko ari mabisi, iyo yamaze kuma kubera izuba gahinduka gato noneho kakagwa,bigatuma n’aho gafatiye n’andi mapoto yose agwa,icya kabiri ni uko n’amatsinga bashyiraho bakagenda bagera ahantu harehare kure, bituma muri ako gace habamo umuriro muke.”

Aba baturage banditse basaba umuriro muri 2016, kugeza ubu ntibarawubona, ari bwo ababashutse bitwaje uruzinduko rwa Perezida wa Repuburika ruteganyijwe mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga 2019. Ufatiwe muri ubu bujura, ashyikirizwa inzego zishinzwe iperereza,yahamwa n’icyaha agahanwa hakurikije amategeko.

Ibiti bifata inkingi z’amashanyarazi na byo biraciriritse

Uwafashwe avuga ko yari yaje mu kiraka kandi ko atazi uwari wamuhamagaye we akaba atafashwe

Ubu bukwe bwa Mukaperezida n’umugabo we arusha imyaka irenga 25 ni bumwe mu bwavugishije benshi

Agira ati ”nge narongowe muri 1946. Icyo gihe nari mu nkumi zigezweho udakina! Wumve ko umugabo wange yari umukire mu gihe cyabo, yaraguze isambu irimo inzu ku mafaranga Magana inani (800frw)! Iwabo bacyumva akayabo aguze inka yo kunkwa barasakuje bati uwo mukobwa n’Imana ku buryo umukwa amafaranga angana n’isambu utuyemo?”

Ati ”ariko ab’ubu numva ngo bakwa na za miliyoni! Maze ikijya kubyica, ntibatuma hari umubyeyi uvugana n’undi ibyerekeye inkwano, babyivuganira ubwabo, bakaza bakumenyesha!”

Kanyandekwe, umusaza nawe ukuze ariko utarabashize kugaragaza imyaka ye, aranenga uburyo inkwano isigaye ikoreshwamo, aho agaragaza ko nta muco nyarwanda akibona mu gukwa.

Ati “cyera inkwano yari ishimwe ry’umubyeyi. Ariko ubu hari igihe utamenya n’ingano z’iyo bakoye,kuko byose bikorwa n’inkumi n’umusore, bakiyumvikanira igiciro, ndetse bakanumvikana ubwabo icyo ayo mafaranga azakora, aho usanga ari yo agura ibirongoranwa!”

Umwe mu basore bakiri ingaragu utarashatse kuvuga izina rye, yemeza ko ikwano ari kimwe mu mbogamizi abasore bahura na zo, aho ukundana n’umukobwa mukemeranya kubana, ariko ababyeyi be bakamukwima bagusaba inkwano ihanitse.

Ati “kuri ubu wagira ngo umukobwa ni itungo cyangwa ikindi gicuruzwa ababyeyi biboneye! Uzi ko muciririkanwa inkwano bikagera n’aho munaniranwa burundu bakagukuzaho ugataha burundu? Hari umusore w’inshuti yange babikoze, nawe aho abemereye ibyo bamusabye, arahindukira ategeka umukobwa ibyo agomba gutahana bihenze da!”

Benshi mu bataha ubukwe bwo mu Rwanda, bemeza ko ubukwe bugenda buhindura isura uko imyaka igenda isimburana, uhereye ku ngano y’inkwano, uburyo bakira ababutashye, ndetse n’uburyo bwo gutwereramo.

Janvier Ruzindana avuga ko we abona hari abategura ubukwe ari nka bizinesi (business), kuko usanga baratwerewe na benshi, ariko kuko nta bundi bushobozi (amafaranga) bateguye yo gukora ubukwe, bagafata intwererano yose uko yakabaye, akaba ari yo ibakorera ubukwe.

Naho Mukeshimana wo mu karere ka Bugesera, umurenge wa Mayange we agira ati” hari n’aho nabutashye abantu batahira gufata imiheha ya fanta mu ntoki, bategereza icyo kunywa amaso ahera mu kirere! Nyuma nza kumva inkuru ko nyuma y’ubukwe yafashe inzoga zose bamutwerereye azijyana mu kabari ke arazicuruza! Urumva ubusambo bwateye?”

Gusa hari abandi batavuga rumwe n’abo ngabo ku ntwererano, kuko bemeza ko gutwerera byahozeho mu muco nyarwanda, kandi ko intwererano idatangwa ngo yakire abatashye ubukwe mu kunywa no kurya gusa.

Ubukwe Nyarwanda bukorwa mu byiciro bigera ku 10, byagiye byiyongera hagamijwe kujyana n’igihe tugezemo ari nako ibyo hambere bisigasirwa hirindwa guta umuco, bukaba bwatwara abashaka kurushinga agera kuri miliyoni 17 z’amanyarwanda.

Bamwe mu basore n’inkumi bo muri Kigali, bavuga ko uko uburebure bw’inzira umusore cyangwa inkumi basabwa kunyuramo ngo bitwe umugabo cyangwa umugore kandi mu buryo busobanutse, bisaba kwitegura cyane no gutegereza imyaka myinshi.

Eric Musabyimana agira ati ”njye mbona nta kigenda cy’ubukwe bw’ubu! Nawe se, cyera ubukwe bwahuzaga imiryango, ufite urubanza agafashwa, ariko ubu buri kimwe cyose ni ukukishyura!”

Yemeza ko umusore wese ujyanye n’igihe yanga kuba yakora ubukwe butujuje ibisabwa byose kugirango umuryango n’inshuti batamucishamo ijisho, bigatuma abasore benshi badashaka vuba, abakobwa bakagumirwa.

Uwera Nadine avuga ko kubera uburyo ubukwe bw’ubu busigaye buhenze kandi busigaye busaba ibyiciro byinshi mu kubutegura, benshi bahitamo kubyihorera bakaba bakwishyingira, cyangwa bakibera ingaragu burundu.

Ati “iyo ubonye ukuntu ubukwe bw’ubu buhenze, uhitamo guca mu rukiko ukisangira umugabo, cyangwa se bamwe bikabatera no kugumirwa kuko abasore benshi bahita banga gushaka, abakobwa bakagumirwa!”

Musanabera Masinzo Alice, ni umwe mu bakora umwuga wo kubyina, aho abyinira mu itorero ryitwa Amariza y’u Rwanda. Avuga ko ubukwe bw’ubu ari business nziza kandi iha akazi benshi.

Agira ati ”Kubyina ni umurimo nkunda cyane kuva nkiri umwana! kuba tubyina, tukaririmba ndetse tukavuga n’ibihozo bakatwishyura, ni ikintu kidutera umurava wo gukora cyane kandi byiza, kuko dukoze ibitabanezeza ntibakongera kuduha akazi, kandi tutabibonyemo inyungu, dushobora gucika intege, n’ababikora bakaba bake, kandi bitunze benshi.”

Maniragaba Bosco ni umwe mu bavuga amahamba, akaba avuga ko kuba bishyurwa, abifata nk’ iterambere.

“kwishyura abagira uruhare mu birori, ni ikintu nishimira nk’iterambere ku banyarwanda. kuko nka mbere hari uwavugaga amahamba nk’uku kwanjye,agahora ari umukene. Ariko ubu iyo umuntu antumiye mu birori,nshimisha ababyitabiriye,kandi nange nkabona antunga n’abanjye bose kuko kubera ukuntu ninjiza,nta n’ikindi nakora ngo ndeke ibintunze kandi bingejeje ku rwego rushimishije!.”

Dore bimwe mu byiciro bikunze kwibandwaho ku muntu ugiye gukora ubukwe kuri ubu.

1.kumurika umushinga w’ubukwe (Launch)

Uyu ni umwe mu mihango mishya y’ubukwe itari imenyerewe mu Rwanda, ariko ikorwa n’abasirimu n’abandi bifuza ko ubukwe bwabo bwazasigara mu mitwe y’inshuti n’imiryango.

Urubuga weddingwire.com bavuga ko ari igikorwa gikorwa n’ufite ubukwe, aho atumira inshuti ze, akazigezaho umushinga w’ubukwe cyangwa urubanza nk’uko Abanyarwanda babyita, akababwira uko yifuza ko ubukwe bwe bwazaba bumeze, nabo bakamugira inama bakurikije amikoro ahari, ibyo bazamufasha (intwererano)..., Aho buri wese ahava avuze icyo yishingiye kuzakora, ndetse n’igihe bumva ubukwe bwabera.

Uwo muhango nawo ubwawo, utwara amafaranga, kuko muri iyo nama baganira bafite icyo baganiriraho, cyane icyo kunywa. Utegura ubukwe ashobora kubatumira iwe, iwabo, mu kabari se, cyangwa n’ahandi hantu abona baganirira nta kibarogoye.

Umwe mu bantu baherutse gukora ubukwe vuba, agira ati ”ubundi launch iba igamije gukuramo abantu amafaranga! Nawe rero bitewe n’abo watumiye, wikoramo ukabakira. Ku muntu uciriritse wo muri Kigali, ufite akazi, byamutwara hagati y’ibihumbi Magana ane na Magana atunu (400,000frw - 500,000frw). Gusa biterwa n’amikoro umuntu afite.”

Akomeza agira ati ”hari nka launch nagiyemo umuntu akuramo miliyoni icumi (10,000,000frw). Gusa nawe ntiyari yashoye munsi y’ibihumbi Magana atanu (500,000frw). kuko urumva ko abantu nk’abo wizeyemo ubushobozi, utabakiriza ubusa.”

2. Kwerekana umugeni

Ibi na byo ni bimwe mu bitwara amafaranga, kuko abafite umushinga wo kurushinga,bafata igihe cyo kwiyereka imiryango n’inshuti,bityo bikabasaba gushaka uburyo bwo kugera aho bari (transport), n’ ibyo mwiyakiriza.

Rwibutso avuga ati ”kwerekana umugeni byo urebye ntibitwara amafaranga menshi kuko ni ugusura abantu gusa. Ariko ntibyabura kugutwara nk’ijana na mirongo itanu(150,000frw), kuko uba ukenera nka esanse (essence) cyangwa gutega imodoka bitewe n’aho baherereye akenshi haba hatandukanye. Kuko uba ujyanye n’umuntu w’agaciro ugomba no kwisukura, ukagura umwenda mushya n’ibindi.”

3. Gutera ivi

Myugariro wa Rayon Sports, Irambona Eric Gisa, atera ivi

Uyu nawo ni umwe mu mihango mishya y’ubukwe itarahozeho. uyu ni umuhango ukorwa n’umusore wifuza kurushinga, aho atumira inshuti ze z’inkoramutima ndetse n’iz’umukunzi we, bagahurira ahantu yateguye, ariko bikaba mu ibanga ku buryo umukobwa atabimenya, kuko aba ashaka kumutungura akamwambika impeta yerekana ko yafashwe, afite uwo bazabana.

Wikipedia isobanura ko iyo mpeta, iba ari ikimenyetso cy’uko muri mu myiteguro yo kurushinga, ndetse ko ari ikimenyetso kiyama abandi abandi bifuza kumugezaho ikifuzo cyo kurwubakana. Ibi rero na byo bikaba bisaba amikoro kuko bisaba kugura impeta uri bwambike umukunzi, ururabo rwo kumuha, ibyo wakiriza abatumirwa, aho ubakirira, ndetse n’umuziki. Gusa, impeta z’uwo muhango ziratandukanye, kuko hari iza zahabu, diyama,n’ibindi. Bitewe rero n’ubushobozi ufite ndetse n’uko mwaganiriye mu kiciro cyavuzwe haruguru cyo kumurika umushinga, utegura impeta ijyanye n’amikoro yawe.

Rwibutso Anicet we avuga ko gutera ivi bikorwa kwinshi, ariko we bitamuhenze cyane, kuko we yaritereye mu birori byo gusezeranaho nk’abanyeshuri barangije kaminuza, bimusaba kugura impeta gusa.

Ariko asobanura uko abibona ku bandi, ati ”nk’umusore wo muri Kigali cyangwa undi wese ufite akazi uciriritse, ntibyabura kumutwara amafaranga ari hagati y’ibihumbi Magana atatu na Magana atanu (300,000frw - 500,000frw), utirengagije ko hari n’abakoresha miliyoni(1,000,000 frw)!”

4. Gufata irembo

Uyu ni umwe mu mihango ibanziriza ubukwe nyir’izina, kuko ari bwo imiryango ihura, ni ukuvuga uwo ku mukobwa no ku muhungu. Aha rero, ababyeyi b’umuhungu cyangwa abahagarariye umuryango w’umusore bajya iwabo w’umukobwa bitwaje ibinyobwa, bakavuga ikibagenza maze bakemererwa bagatanga inzoga mu rwego rwo guhamya ko umukobwa afashwe akazaba uw’umuhungu wabo nyuma yo gusaba no gukwa.

Ntwari pierre ati “gufata irembo ntibyabura kugutwara amafaranga atari munsi y’ibihumbi magana abiri (200,000frw), kuko umuntu asigaye agenda yihagazeho akajyana inzoga ihenze, ugasanga wenda icupa rimwe ry’inzoga uriguze ibihumbi mirongo itandatu (60,000frw), ukagura nk’eshatu, n’imodoka mwagiyemo ziba zikoresha essence n’ibindi.”

5. Gusaba Umugeni

Umunyamakuru Karangwa Mike mu muhango wo gusaba

Uyu muhango hambere wakorwaga ukwawo, gusa ubu ufatanywa n’uwo gukwa. Mu gusaba hagenda umuryango w’umusore urongojwe imbere na Se w’umuhungu cyangwa undi muntu wo mu muryango wabo wizeye bakajyana inzoga, bagahera mu misango, batebya baganira, kugeza ubwo bavuze ikifuzo cyabo kugeza ubwo bemerewe umugeni.

Kigali Today yaganiriye n’abantu batandukanye, bemeza ko gukwa kuri ubu bihenze cyane mu kiciro waba urimo wese!

Umwe yagize ati”gusaba biragora ku mpande zose, yaba ku ruhande rw’umusore cyangwa urw’umukobwa. Ariko nko ku ruhande rw’umusore, hari igihe wenda ushobora gusanga nk’umukobwa ari uwo mu ngaga (bafite amafaranga menshi,mu baherwe). Urebye rero ibisabwa ku bazakwambarira, imodoka, bishobora no gutwara miliyoni enye (4,000,000frw), ariko hari n’abo bitwara miliyoni imwe bitewe n’ubushobozi bwawe.” Arongera ati”ntitwirengagize ko hari n’ibyo iwabo w’umukobwa batwakiriza ndetse n’aho batwakirira bitabura gutwara nka miliyoni (1,000,000frw)!

6. Gukwa

MC Murenzi amaze gukwa umugeni we yamwambitse impeta

Uyu muhango, kuri ubu ukorwa umukwe mukuru asaba umukwe mukuru mugenzi we wo ku muryango w’umukobwa kubakosha, maze bakabakwera. Uyu muhango ahenshi usigaye ku izina, kuko inkwano (akenshi igizwe n’amafaranga kuri ubu) iba yaratanzwe mbere, umukobwa n’umuryango we bakaba banayifashisha bitegura ubukwe.

Hambere bamwe bakwaga inka, amasuka, n’ibindi. Hari n’aho batangaga amasaka n’uburo. Bisaba kandi inzoga z’ubwoko butandukanye, n’impano (cadeaux) z’abantu batandukanye.

Bamwe bavuga ko kuri ubu inkwano zahenze,kuko n’ubwo abantu bakwa bitewe n’uko bahagaze, ariko bitakimeze nka kera.

Umwe ati ”Gukwa kuri ubu biri hagati ya miliyoni enye n’esheshatu (4,000,000frw - 6,000,000 frw). Ariko njye nabikoreye rimwe no gusaba bintwara eshanu (5,000,000frw).

Gusa abakobwa na bo ngo bahenderwa mu mpano batanga, ibyo kwakira abatashye ubukwe, aho bakirira abashyitsi n’ibindi, ku buryo bitatwara munsi ya Miliyoni ebyiri n’igice (2,500,000frw).

7. Gusezerana byemewe n’amategeko

MC Murenzi yasezeraniye imbere y’amategeko n’umukunzi we ku mugabane wa Amerika

Uyu ni umuhango wazanywe n’ iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko mu gihugu. Aha abageni bajyana n’abaherekeza harimo ababasinyira, bakajya ahagenewe gusezeranyirizwa mu buyobozi, hashobora kuba ku murenge,ku karere cyangwa ku kagari bitewe n’uko ubuyobozi bwabigennye. Iyo bamaze gusezerana bajya kwiyakira. Ibyo rero nabyo bisaba amikoro kuko bisaba ikihabageza, n’ibyo mwiyakiriza.

Aha ho yavuze ko biterwa n’uko washatse kubigenza, kuko ntibisaba gutumira abantu benshi, ngo kuko utumira abo ubasha kwakira. Ati ”hari abo bitwara nka miliyoni imwe (1,000,000 frw) bitewe n’imyenda wambaye, abantu wakiriye ndetse na transport. Gusa hari n’abo bitwara n’ibihumbi Magana atatu (300,000frw) .”

8. Gusezerana imbere y’Imana

Ibi na byo bisaba amikoro kuko bisaba uburyo bwo kugeza abageni n’ababaherekeje aho basezeranira, yaba mu rusengero, mu kiriziya,mu musigiti n’ahandi. Hari igihe kandi bisaba kuba wakodesheje ugusezeranya, wishyuye isaha yo gusezeraniraho,korari izakuririmbira n’ibindi.

Ni umuhango wazanye n’umwaduko w’amadini n’insengero mu Rwanda. Ni umwe mu mihango idatwara ubushobozi bwinshi, kuko ahenshi gusezerana nta mafaranga yabyo asabwa cyangwa bagasaba udufaranga duke.

Abantu b’ingeri zitandukanye bemeza ko gusezerana imbere y’Imana, bihendutse ugereranyije n’ibindi, gusa, bahendwa n’ibyambarwa.

Bertrand Nkurunziza ati ”biriya byo njye byantwaye nka miliyoni ebyiri (2,000,000frw), ariko hari abo nabonye bitwara nk’umunani (8,000,000frw).

Uwitwa Ange Mutesi ati “Njye byantwaye miliyoni zirindwi (7,000,000frw), kuko nagombaga gukodesha imyenda yanjye n’abamperekeje bose, gukodesha umubyeyi wa batisimu dufitingana (tuberanye), transport, umupadiri unsezeranyiriza aho nifuza kandi ku gihe nshakiye, n’utundi duke ntapfa kwibuka nonaha. Gusa ni uko ari njye wabishatse, ubundi biroroshye ugereranyije n’ibindi.”

9. Gushyingira (Kwiyakira)

Aha ubukwe buba buri kugana ku musozo, kuko abageni baba baramaze gushyingirwa haba mu mategeko, mu rusengero ndetse n’ababyeyi barabyemeye. Muri uyu muhango niho havugirwa amagambo agaragaza ko umuryango w’umukobwa waje uhekeye uw’umuhungu. Uyu muhango nawo usa nko kwizihiza ibirori kuko mu by’ukuri, ibyinshi mu bivugwa mo biba bihabanye n’ibyabaye.

Aha twatanga urugero rw’uburyo umukwe mukuru w’umuryango w’umukobwa avuga ko nyuma y’igihe basabwe umugeni (nyamara akenshi byabaye muri icyo gitondo) babahekeye umugeni mu rugo rw’umusore (nyamara aba ari muri salle yakodeshejwe).

Ibi kandi bivugwa ko ari bimwe mu bihenda cyane, ku ruhande rw’umuhungu, n’ubwo no ku mukobwa hari ibyo asabwa.

Ange Mutesi agira ati ”ibi njye mbona bihenda umusore cyane, kuko kuri njye byantwaye aya transport ku bamperekeje bo mu muryango, kuko njye n’abanyambariye ari umugabo wange waje kudutwara. Byantwaye nka Magana ane (400,000 frw). Ubundi ibindi byakozwe n’umusore, nko gukodesha sale, ibyo kwiyakiriza, abaririmbyi n’ibindi.”

Bertrand we,ati ”ibi byo Biragora kuko ntibyabuze gkuntwara ari hagati ya miliyoni ebyiri n’igice n’e enye (2,500,000Frw - 4,000,000frw).”

10. Gutwikurura

Heaven Bukuru wo mu itsinda The Worshipers n’umukunzi we Annet batwikururwa

Uyu ni umwe mu mihango ya mbere mu bukwe Nyarwanda. Ukorwa mu rwego rwo guha uburenganzira umugeni bwo kujya ahabona agatangira gukora imirimo. Abakuru bavuga ko ”Umugeni yatinyaga, akihisha ntagaragare, kugera igihe bamubwira ko hari umurimo wo gukora. Kera iyo umugeni yabaga ataratwikururwa ntiyagaragaraga byeruye.”

Aha benshi bagaragaza ko gutwikurura bihenda iwabo w’umukobwa, kuko basabwa byinshi mu biribwa ,kandi kubera ko kuri ubu baba bashaka kugaragara neza.
Kabayiza, umwe mu babyeyi waganiriye na kigali today aragira ati ”ibintu byo gutwikurura si none bihenze gusa, kuko na cyera n’ubwo watwikururaga umukobwa wawe uko wifite, wakoraga iyo bwabaga, ukirinda ko kwa bamwana bagucishamo ijisho. Ubwo rero urumva ko bitabura kugutwara amafaranga atari make, kuko nk’uwo nashyingiye ejobundi, sinabuze miliyoni (1,000,000frw) ahagendera!”

Ibyo byose bijyana no kwifotoza, kimwe mu bitoroheye abakora iminsi mikuru muri iyi minsi, kuko n’ufotora yishyurwa Atari munsi ya Magana atatu (300,000frw) Umusangiza w’amagambo (M.C) abakwe bakuru, abambarira abageni, abakira n’abayobora abatashye ubukwe, imitako n’imiteguro y’ahabereye ubukwe, utibagiwe imyambaro y’abafite imirimo muri ubwo bukwe bose byose bishobora gutwara amafaranga atari munsi y’ibihumbi magana atanu (500,000 Frw).

Muri iyi minsi kubera gushaka kwiyorohereza ibisabwa, benshi bahitamo gukorera rimwe iyi mihango yo gusaba, gukwa, gusezerana imbere y’amategeko n’Imana, gushyingira no gutwikurura umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri, bityo bikaborohereza bimwe mu bikenerwa nko gukodesha icyumba cy’ubukwe no kwiyakira.

Tugendeye ku igereranya twakorewe n’abo twaganiriye, ubukwe mu Rwanda bushobora gutwara ababiri agera kuri miliyoni cumi na zirindwi (17,000,000 Frw). Cyakora aya mafaranga ashobora kwiyongera cyangwa se akagabanuka.

Ubusanzwe bizwi ko nta munyamaguru ugira ikosa, gusa hari ibintu by’ingenzi umunyamaguru ukoresha umuhanda agomba kwitaho kugira ngo agere iyo ajya nta kimuhungabanyije.

Kugira ngo umunyamaguru abashe kugerayo amahoro, hari ibimenyetso byo mu muhanda agomba kubahiriza, nk’uko umupolisi wabahuguraga, ACP Murenzi Sebakondo yabibabwiraga.

Yagize ati “Icya mbere, hari inzira zabugenewe kugira ngo umunyamaguru yambukiremo, kandi nubwo haba harabugenewe, hari ibyo agomba kubahiriza kuko nko muri ‘feu rouge’ agomba kureba ko umutuku watse uhagarika imodoka akagenda nabwo atirukanka.”

Yakomeje avuga ko hari n’ahandi habugenewe hatari za ‘feux rouges’ ariko hafite ibimenyetso biyobora abanyamaguru aho yagize ati “Aho ngaho na ho, ni ho agomba kureba ati ‘ese nta modoka zambukiranya?’ Iyo zitambukiranya akaba yahageze, yatangiye kugenda, n’abanyabiziga na bo twarabigishije kandi no mu gitabo cy’amategeko y’umuhanda birimo. Iyo umunyamaguru yatangiye kugenda, ubwabo baribwiriza bagahagarara.”

Kwirinda ibyarangaza umunyamaguru ni kimwe mu byo ACP Murenzi Sebakondo yababuriye. Ati “Ikindi ni uko umunyamaguru akwiye kwirinda kwambuka ahabugenewe avugira kuri telefone cyangwa se yambaye twa tu ekuteri(écouteurs) twabo! Byamutera uburangare! Ni byinshi rero bakwiye kwirinda , kugira ngo badahura n’impanuka,kandi banyuze ahabugenewe.”

Harerimana Aphrodis, umwe mu banyamaguru bahabwaga ubwo bukangurambaga,yatanze icyifuzo ko hagenwa icyapa kibuza abanyamaguru gukora ayo makosa babwiwe.

Abamotari kimwe n’abatwara ibindi binyabiziga barasabwa kubahiriza uburenganzira bw’abanyamaguru

Ati “Nyuma y’ibyo mutubwiye,ndatekereje nti ahari uwashyiraho utwapa twanditse mu magambo n’iyo yaba make ariko atuburira, ku buryo n’iyo yaba nta muntu uhari wo kutuyobora, umuntu yabisoma akamenya uko yitwara cyane muri feux rouges.”

Uwitwa Gatera Guido we yavuze ko hari amwe mu makosa abanyamaguru bakora bayatewe n’abatwaye ibinyabiziga, asaba ko na bo babibabuza. Yasabye abashoferi n’abanyamaguru kandi kubahiriza ikoreshwa ry’umwanya urimo imirongo wagenewe abanyamaguru ubafasha kwambukiranya umuhanda(zebra crossing).

Ibi abihera ku kuba bamwe mu banyamaguru n’abatwaye ibinyabiziga batubahiriza uburyo uwo mwanya ugomba gukoreshwa. Ngo hari aho usanga nk’abanyamaguru bahuriramo bagatangira guhoberana ntibihute ngo bave mu nzira, cyangwa se ugasanga utwaye ikinyabiziga ageramo ntahagarare mu gihe nyamara hari abanyamaguru barimo kwambuka.

Iki gikorwa cy’ ubukangurambaga cyatangiye mu kwezi kwa gatanu, kikaba kizamara ibyumweru mirongo itanu na bibiri(52),ari na byo bingana n’umwaka . Ni igikorwa cyo kumenyesha abakoresha umuhanda ibyo bagomba kwirinda kugira ngo impanuka zitabatwara ubuzima, cyangwa se ngo zibakomeretse.

Kunywa amazi ahagije ni ingenzi ku buzima bwiza bw’umuntu

Abahanga bemeza ko mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe buringaniye, umuntu mukuru akwiye kunywa amazi ari hejuru ya litiro ebyiri ku munsi. Ubusanzwe umubiri w’umuntu utakaza Litiro imwe y’amazi mu nkari ndetse andi mazi angana atyo atakara binyuze mu byuya, mu myanda yo ku musarane ndetse no mu mwuka duhumeka. (Aho ushobora kubibona neza iyo uteze indorerwamo ku munwa ugahumeka).

Hari impamvu nyinshi zituma umubiri wa muntu ukenera amazi menshi

Mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe, mu gihe uri gukora imirimo isaba ingufu, mu gihe umuntu yihagaritse, mu gihe umuntu arwaye. Umuntu wese akenera ikigero cyihariye cy’amazi bitewe n’ibiro, imiterere y’ikirere utuyemo ndetse n’uburyo umuntu abaho; imirimo akora n’ibindi.

Brad Kolowich, Jr. umutoza w’imyitozo ngororamubiri ukorera muri Leta ya Los Angeles, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’umunyamakuru w’inzobere mu biganiro by’ubuzima, Robert J. Davis bemeza ko umuntu agomba kunywa amazi menshi cyane mu gihe ari gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.

Agaragaza ingano nyayo y’amazi umuntu agomba kunywa mu gihe ari mu myitozo ngororamubiri, bakavuga ko atari ngombwa kunywa icupa ryose ry’amazi mu gihe wakoze imyitozo itarengeje isaha. Mu gitabo cyabo cyitwa “Fitter Faster: The Smart Way to Get in Shape in Just Minutes a Day”, bagaragaje ko mu gihe umuntu yakoze imyitozo ngororamubiri itarengeje iminota 60, icupa ry’amazi rya mililitiro 500 riba rihagije.

Ni mu gihe Robert J. Davis na Brad Kolowich, Jr.,nabo bagaragaje ko kunywa amazi menshi uri gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri bishobora gutera ibibazo.

Ingano y’amazi Umuntu agomba kunywa bijyanye n’ibiro bye

Nkuko tubikesha kigalilive.com, Umuntu utanywa amazi menshi usanga ahorana umunaniro ukabije, kuribwa bya hato na hato, umutwe udashira, Kunanirwa gutera akabariro uko bikwiye n’izindi ngaruka, gusa umuntu unywa amazi neza kandi ku gihe ahorana ubuzima buzira umuze.

Ni byiza ko umuntu abasha kumenya ingano y’amazi akwiye kunywa bitewe n’ibiro bye kugira ngo arusheho kugira ubuzima bwiza, butarangwamo n’indwara zidasobanutse.

Dore rero ingano y’amazi ukwiye kunywa bitewe n’ibiro ufite:

Umuntu ufite ibiro 36 Agomba kunywa Litiro 1.2 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 45 Agomba kunywa Litiro 1.5 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 54 Agomba kunywa Litiro 1.7 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 63 Agomba kunywa Litiro 2 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 72 Agomba kunywa Litiro 2.3 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 81 Agomba kunywa Litiro 2.6 z’amazi k’umunsi
Umuntu ufite ibiro 91 Agomba kunywa Litiro 3 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 100 Agomba kunywa Litiro 3.3 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 109 Agomba kunywa Litiro 3.5 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 118 Agomba kunywa Litiro 3.8 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 127 Agomba kunywa Litiro 4.2 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 136 Agomba kunywa Litiro 4.5 z’amazi k’umunsi,
Umuntu ufite ibiro 145 Agomba kunywa Litiro 4.7 z’amazi k’umunsi,

Burya abana nabo bagomba kunywa amazi ahagike kandi buri munsi

Akamaro k’amazi mu mubiri

umutihealth.com bavuga ko bitangaje kubona ukuntu Amazi ari ingirakamaro kandi atarimo intungamubiri nyamara atariho natwe tutaabaho. Mu bigize iyi si dutuye amazi niyo yihariye ubuso bunini ndetse no mu mubiri wacu wose 2/3 ni amazi. Si twe gusa dukenera amazi ngo tubeho kuko ibinyabuzima byose aho biva bikagera bibaho kuko amazi ariho. By’umwihariko mu mubiri wacu muri rusange, amaraso agizwe na 83% by’amazi ibisigaye bikaba ibindi nk’insoro, imikaya igizwe 75% n’amazi , ubwonko bukagirwa na 74% amazi naho amagufa ni 22% amazi.

Bavuga kandi ko “Amazi agira uruhare runini mu mikorere y’umubiri wacu, nko kuringaniza ubushyuhe, igogorwa ry’ibiryo, gusohora imyanda mu mubiri, kugira uruhu rwiza, n’ibindi binyuranye.”

1. Niyo agenga ingano y’amaraso n’amatembabuzi yose y’umubiri,
2. Niyo akora amacandwe atuma tubasha kumira ibyo turiye,
3. Afasha mu kunyereza no guhindukira amaso no mu ngingo,
4. Atuma umubiri ugira ubushyuhe budahindagurika,
5. Niyo atuma habaho ubwivumbagatanye bw’ibinyabutabire mu mubiri,
6. Afasha kwinjiza no gutwara intungamubiri mu bice bitandukanye,
7. Atuma ubwonko bubasha gukora,
8. Ashinzwe ubuhehere by’uruhu,
9. Asohora imyanda y’ibyo twariye ndetse n’indi yose ikomoka ku mikorere y’umubiri.

Igihe k’ingirakamaro cyo ku nywa amazi ku mubiri wa muntu

Inyarwanda.com bavuga ko atari byiza gutegereza ko ubanza kugira inyota ngo ubone kunywa amazi, mu gihe cyose ufite icyo urimo gukora, uba urimo gutakaza amazi menshi n’ubwo aba ataragukamamo ngo utangire kugira inyota.Bityo ni byiza kubyimenyereza kuyanywa igihe cyose. Ku munsi, umuntu atakaza amazi cyane cyane mu nkari (litiro 0.5 ), mu guhumeka (0.3 l), ndetse no mu kubira ibyuya, bityo rero nibura umuntu yarakwiye kunywa litiro 0.6 z’amazi, andi akava mu biryo. Na ho kugira ngo umuntu agire ubuzima bwiza, umuntu mukuru yari akwiye kunywa ibirahure umunani ku munsi. Iki kigero gishobora kugabanuka cyangwa kikiyongera bitewe n’igitsina (abagabo bakwiye kunywa menshi), imirimo ndetse n’imiterere y’aho umuntu atuye.

Ni byiza kandi kuyanywa nibura iminota 30 mbere yo gufungura, gukora siporo, cyangwa kuryama, kugira ngo aho umubiri uyakenereye uyabone. Ntako bisa rero kunywa ibirahuri bibiri by’amazi mu gitondo ubyutse. Amazi yose, yaba ashyushye cyangwa akonje agira umumaro utagereranywa mu mubiri w’umuntu.

Amazi kandi ushobora kuyafata igihe cyose ni yo waba uri kurya nk’uko bitangazwa na Hélène Baribeau, umuhanga mu by’imirire, gusa bishobora gutuma uhaga vuba kubera ko wanyweye amazi menshi. www.mayoclinic.org ho bagaragaza ko ugomba kunywa ikirahuri cy’amazi kuri buri funguro n’igihe uri kurya,ukanywa amazi mbere,mu myitozo,na nyuma yayo. Ugomba kunywa amazi kandi mu gihe wumva ufite inzara kuko bigufasha kumera nk’uyicogoje. Hélène Baribeau akomeza avuga ko kunywa amazi ashyushye bifasha Ku bantu bakunda kwiyiriza.

Abahanga mu by’imirire bemeza ko abantu bakunda kwiyiriza ubusa bakwiye kunywa amazi ayunguriye, Amazi ayunguruye ni amazi yatandukanyijwe n’imyunyungugu akomoka kugucanira amazi akabira ubundi ibyo bitonyanga bikaza kuvamo amazi.

Nkuku tubikesha umutihealth.com, Kunywa amazi ukibyuka ni ingenzi cyane ku mubiri, kuko biwufasha kongera gukora neza. Tekereza nawe kuba umaze amasaha 7 cg 8, ntacyo kunywa urashyira mu kanwa, niba warabyitegereje neza, ukunda kubyuka wumva mu nkanka hokera cg humagaye cyane; ibi nibyo biba iyo uryamye!
Kubera kumara amasaha menshi usinziriye, umubiri utangira kugenda ugira umwuma kubera ntacyo kunywa uba uri gufata. Niba ujya ubyuka wumva wumagaye, iyi niyo mpamvu ibitera.

Muri iyo nama hagaragajwe ko mu cyaro ndetse no mu mujyi hari ibikoresho bihumanya umwuka abantu bahumeka. Nko mu Mujyi wa Kigali hagaragara ubucucike bw’imodoka zisohora imyuka ihumanya umwuka abantu bahumeka, mu gihe mu cyaro hagaragara abatwika amashyamba, abatekesha inkwi, amakara, n’ibindi.

Eng. Coletha Ruhamya, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa REMA, yavuze ko buri wese afite uruhare mu kurinda umwuka, cyane cyane ku bikoresho byo mu gikoni, hibandwa mu kugura ibifasha abantu kugabanya imyuka mibi nka gaz.

Yagize ati “Muzi ko peteroli yongera iyangirika ry’ikirere! Tugenda kandi tubona mu duce dutandukanye tw’Igihugu aho ibikoresho birimo ibyo mu rugo cyane cyane ahataragera umuriro, bagicana udutadowa dukoresha peteroli. Yaba ibyo ducana nk’ amakara ndetse n’inkwi, ibyo byose ni ibyangiza umwuka duhumeka. Iriya myotsi yose ivamo, igenda ikwirakwira mu kirere, bigatuma wowe ubihumeka, bikaba byatera indwara z’ubuhumekero. Icyiza rero ni ugukangurira abantu gukoresha gaz kuko idufasha kugira ngo tugabanye ya myuka mibi.”

Minisitiri ushinzwe Ibidukikije, Vincent Biruta ,yavuze ko ihumana ry’umwuka abantu bahumeka ari intandaro y’impfu nyinshi ziboneka ku isi, aho 91% bicwa n’umwuka wanduye baboneka mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere cyane cyane, hakaba higanjemo abagore n’abana biturutse ku bicanwa bakoresha bateka cyangwa bashaka urumuri,bigatera imfu nyinshi .

Raporo y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Bidukikije igaragaza ko abantu bagera kuri miliyoni esheshatu n’igice (6.5) ari bo bapfa buri mwaka bazize indwara ziterwa n’ihumana ry’ikirere. Muri bo, abagera kuri miliyoni eshatu n’ibihumbi Magana inani (3,800,000) bahitanwa no guhumeka umwuka wanduye wo mu nzu, cyane cyane ukomoka ku bicanwa, cyangwa se uburyo bakoresha ngo babone urumuri. Minisitiri Biruta yasobanuye ko abantu 91% by’abatuye isi bahumeka umwuka wanduye cyane, biganje mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere.

Hagarutswe kandi ku bucucike bw’ibinyabiziga bugaragara cyane cyane mu Mujyi wa Kigali, aho usanga huzuye imodoka na moto nyinshi zisohora umwuka wangiza ikirere, hagaragazwa kandi n’ingamba zigiye gufatwa mu kubigabanya.

Minisitiri Biruta yagize ati “Iyo urebye ibinyabiziga bigaragara mu Mujyi wa Kigali, usanga bifite ubucucike bukabije,ndetse n’imyuka yangiza ikirere ikiyongera. Mu kureba rero icyagabanya imyotsi iva mu binyabiziga hakoreshwa uburyo butandukanye, harimo gusuzuma ibipimo ngenderwaho ku binyabiziga, ndetse n’uburyo byagabanuka mu muhanda, harimo kuzana za modoka nini zishobora gutwara abantu benshi, no kubaka ibikorwa remezo nk’imihanda, dufatanyije n’abafatanyabikorwa, hari moto zaje zikoresha amashanyarazi. Ikindi navuga kuri ziriya modoka ni uko twatangiye inyigo yo gushaka za modoka zikoresha amashanyarazi.”

Mu kurwanya iyangirika ry’umwuka ,hatangwa inama yo gukoresha ibikoresho bidasohora umwuka wangiza ikirere, birimo gaz mu guteka nk’igikoresho kigabanya ihumanya ry’ikirere. Kugeza ubu 80% by’Abanyarwanda bakoresha inkwi naho 16% bagakoresha amakara. Ni mugihe raporo ivuga ku ikoreshwa rya gaz mu Rwanda igaragaza ko kuva muri 2016 kugeza ubu abakoresha gaz mu Rwanda bikubye inshuro eshatu.