Prof. Romain Murenzi

Muri iki cyumweru u Rwanda rwakiriye inama mpuzamahanga yateguwe n’Ikigo Nyafurika cy’Ubumenyi bw’Imibare (AIMS). Yatangiye kuva kuwa Mbere tariki 26 kugeza 28 Werurwe 2018.

Kuva mu mwaka w’i 2.000, u Rwanda rwateje imbere ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga ruha siyansi umwanya uhagije na byo birufasha kwihuta mu iterambere, ku buryo ruri mu bihugu bireberwaho ku isi.

Perezida Kagame nawe yemeza ko n’ubwo yari azi akamaro k’ikoranabuhanga kandi igihugu kiteguye kurishoramo imari, ari Prof Murenzi wahoze ari Minisitiri w’Uburezi icyo gihe wamuhwituye kutibagirwa Siyansi.

Agira ati “Sinabura gushimira Prof Romain Murenzi kuko niwe muntu wanyegereye akambwira ko siyansi ari ingenzi ntakwiye kuyibagirwa. Icyo gihe numvaga ntacyo ivuze nibaza nti ‘kuki twashyira amafaranga mu bintu bihenze!?’”

Prof Murenzi ari mu bitabiriye inama ya NEF iteraniye i Kigali

Kuva icyo gihe u Rwanda rwafashe intambwe idasubira inyuma rwimakaza siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga kandi runabikundisha igitsina gore kitigeze kigira ayo mahirwe mu myaka yabanje.

Romain Murenzi ufite impamyabushobozi y’ikirenga ya ‘Professorat’ yagizwe Minisitiri w’Uburezi mu 2001 Yavuye kuri uyu mwanya ajya kuba Minisitiri muri Perezidansi ya Repubulika mu 2006 kugeza 2009 aho yari ashinzwe Siyansi, Ikoranabuhanga n’Ubushakashatsi.

Akiva muri uwo mwanya yakoze imirimo itandukanye ishingiye kuri siyansi akabifatanya no kwigisha muri Kaminuza zo muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Ubu ni umuyobozi mu Inteko y’intiti muri siyansi ku Isi izwi ku izina rya TWAS (The World Academy of Sciences), aho yakoze ku nshuro ya kabiri.

Yahagarutse avuye kuyobora mu Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe kwita ku buhanga, umuco n’ubushakashatsi (UNESCO).

Perezida Kagame yanabajijwe ku cyo yumva yakora yisanze afite imyaka 20 ari muri siyansi, asubiza ati “Nisanze ndi hano, bivuze ko bitagishobotse ko mba Zuckerberg. Bityo rero, njye numva ahubwo nafasha mu kugira ngo habeho abandi bameze nka Zuckerberg benshi.”

Perezida Kagame mu kiganiro na Perezida wa Senegal Macky Sall

Kuri iki gihe u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu biri kwihuta mu iterambere no mu itumanaho n’ikoranabuhanga ku rwego rw’isi.

Ariko, nk’uko Perezida Kagame abivuga, ni ibintu byagoranye kuko byasabye ko u Rwanda rutinyuka rugatangira ibintu abandi babonaga ko ari iby’abantu bageze iyo bajya.

Ikoranabuhanga ryafashije u Rwanda kwihuta mu iterambere, ariko rinarushyira mu ruhando mpuzamahanga nk’igihugu kigezweho guhera muri iyi myaka 15 ishize.

Ahagana mu mwaka w’i 2000, nibwo u Rwanda rwari rukizura umutwe, rutangiye inzira yo kwiuyubaka nyuma y’imyaka mike Jenoside yakorerwaga Abatutsi ihagaritswe, ariko rwiyemeza guhitamo inzira itaravugwagaho rumwe na bose.

Rwirengagije abaturage bari bashonje, ibikorwaremezo byari bikeneye gusanywa n’ibindi bikorwa bikenerwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi, ruhitamo kugana iy’ikoranabuhanga ritafatwaga nk’ikintu gikeneye icyo gihe.

Perezida Kagame nawe yemeza ko ari risk bafashe ariko bari bazi neza umurongo bihaye n’icyo inzira bahisemo ishobora kubagezaho.

Agira ati “Icya mbere, icyo gihe u Rwanda nta mahitamo rwari rufite ngo ruhitemo ibikenewe kuruta ibindi. Icyo gihe buri kimwe cyari gikenewe. Icya kabiri nta mpamvu twagombaga guhitamo, twaravugaga tuti byose bikorwe cyangwa birorere. Twe twararebaga tugasanga ICT ihurira ku bibazo byose dufite.”

Avuga ko u Rwnada rwahisemo gushyira mu bikorwa byose uko byari bikenewe haba mu buzima, ibikorwa remezo, kuzamura ubukungu ariko na ICT ihabwa umwanya yari ikwiye, bitewe n’ubushobozi igihugu cyari gifite.

Kuri ubu ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bwikubye kabiri ugereranyije n’urugero bwari buriho icyo gihe, byose biturutse ku ikoranabuhanga ryagiriwe ikizere rikihutisha ibikorwa.

Perezida Kagame yabitangarije mu kiganiro yatangiye mu nama ya ‘Next Einstein Forum’ ihuriro ry’abahanga ryatangijwe n’Ikigo Nyafurika cy’Ubumenyi bw’Imibare (AIMS).

Iyi nama igeze ku munsi wayo wa Kabiri, yatangiiye kuwa Mbere tariki 26 Werurwe 2018.

Yagaragaza ko icyemezo u Rwanda rwafashe cyo gushora imari muri siyansi n’imibare nabyo rwizeye ko bizabyara umusaruro mu myaka iri imbere, haba muri Afurika no ku isi muri rusange.

Ubu buryo butinyura abatinyaga kwiga Imibare bakayiga ku buryo bworoshye

Ni ikoranabuhanga rimurikwa n’uwo muryango mu mushinga witwa Holo - Math wigisha imibare n’izindi siyansi zitandukanye ukoresheje uburyo bwo kwirebera n’amaso ibyo umuntu yigishwa (Augmented Science).

Ni uburyo bwifashisha ibimeze nk’indorerwamo umuntu urimo kubukoresha yambara ku maso, akabona ibintu imbere ye nyamara bidahari.

Ibyo bintu bimeze nk’indorerwamo bifite ikoranabuhanga rihanitse rituma imbere yawe uhabona ikimeze nka mudasobwa ndetse ukanayikoresha ukanda mu kirere nyamara nta yihari.

Imaginary irimo kumurika iryo koranabuhanga mu nama ya Next Einstein Forum irimo kubera muri Kigali Convention Center mu Rwanda.

Sebastian Uribe ukorera uyu muryango yasobanuye ko ari uburyo butuma umuntu abasha gusobanukirwa biruseho ibyo yiga mu bumenyi bw’imibare, no mu zindi siyansi zitandukanye.

Ati "Abantu benshi buri wese yambaye icyo twakwita nk’indorerwamo bashobora kubona ibintu bimwe ahantu hamwe bagasangira amakuru mu buryo bworoshye."

Ni ikoranabuhanga ryakozwe n’ikigo cya Microsoft gisanzwe kizobereye mu ikoranabuhanga rya mudasobwa. Umuryango Imaginary icyo wakoze ngo ni ukuryongeramo uburyo ryakoreshwa mu kwerekana no kwigisha imibare mu buryo bworohera umuntu kuyumva anayireba.

Sebastian Uribe avuga ko intego yabo atari ukuvumbura ibishya mu mibare ahubwo intego yabo ni ukugaragaza ubundi buryo bushya bworoshye bwo kwigamo imibare.

Ati "Ubusanzwe iyo ubwiye abantu ibyerekeranye n’imibare ndetse n’ubugenge (Mathematics and Physics) abantu ntibabyiyumvamo, ntibashaka kubimenya ahubwo bamwe bashaka kubihunga.

Sebastian Uribe Uri gusobanura ibijyanye n’iri koranabuhanga

Ariko iyo hifashishijwe uburyo bushya bw’ikoranabuhanga bufasha umuntu kwirebera n’amaso ibyo yiga, bituma abantu babikunda. Niba rero ubu buryo butuma benshi bakunda siyansi, cyaba ari ikintu cyiza."

Yakomeje asobanura ko iryo koranabuhanga baje kuryerekana ahabera ihuriro rya Next Einstein Forum, ihuriro rigamije guteza imbere imibare, ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga, bagamije kurimenyekanisha no kugirana ubufatanye n’ibindi bigo byibanda ku guteza imbere ubumenyi byo hirya no hino ku isi.

Nubwo abamurika iri koranabuhanga ndetse n’abarisura bagaragaza ko rifite akamaro, ba nyiraryo basobanura ko rikirimo kunozwa kuko uburyo bwo kurikoresha bugaragaramo imbogamizi.

Urugero ni nk’uko bisaba gukoresha umutwe cyane mu byerekezo bitandukanye ku buryo kurikoresha umwanya munini bituma ijosi ribabara.

Uburyo bwo kwambara ibimeze nk’indorerwamo na bwo bavuga ko bakirimo kubunoza kuko busa n’ubwabangamira uzambaye, bukamugora, cyangwa zikaba zakwitura hasi zikangirika.

Ni n’ikoranabuhanga rikoresha batiri zibika umuriro ziba zirimo imbere mu bimeze nk’indorerwamo, ariko izo batiri zikaba na zo zitabika umuriro igihe kirekire.

Reba uburyo iri koranabuhanga rikora n’akamaro rizagirira abiga imibare

Ni uburyo butaratangira gukoreshwa henshi mu myigishirize ariko ba nyirabwo bavuga ko bumaze kugera ahantu hatandukanye bwifashishwa nko mu nganda, muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika aho bukomoka n’ i Burayi ku masoko na ho ngo burahaboneka.

Ngo hari icyizere ko nibumara gutunganywa neza buzagera henshi no ku mugabane wa Afurika bukifashishwa mu korohereza abantu kwiga imibare.

iki kinyamakuru kizajya kinyuzwamo ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Abanyafurika

Ni ikinyamakuru kizajya cyandikwamo amakuru yose ya siyansi, ayo makuru akazajya aboneka kuri interineti kandi akajyaho mu kanya gato akimara koherezwa ku muntu ushinzwe kuyashyiraho.

Ron Mobed, umuyobozi mukuru w’umuryango Elsivier wibanda ku bushakashatsi mu byerekeranye n’ubuzima, ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga mu bihugu biri mu nzira y’amajyambere akaba ni umwe mu basobanuriye abanyamakuru imikorere y’icyo kinyamakuru.

yagize ati "Ni ikinyamakuru kigamije kubaka ubushobozi no gufasha abantu gukora ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi, kubutangaza no gushyigikira ubushakashatsi kuri siyansi muri Afurika.

Murabizi ko ubushakashatsi muri Afurika burimo gutera imbere mu buryo bwihuse ariko hari ibikeneye kubanza kunozwa kugira ngo bugirire akamaro ababukeneye. Imwe mu mbogamizi zari ziriho ni ukutagira ahantu hizewe ho kubutangariza ku buryo uwakenera kumenya iterambere rya siyansi muri Afurika yabasha kubona amakuru ya nyayo kandi yizewe."

Ubushakashatsi bw’Abanyafurika butamenyekanaga buzajya bunyuzwa muri iki Kinyamakuru bubashe kubageraho vuba kandi ari benshi

Thierry Zomahoun, umuyobozi w’Ikigo Nyafurika cy’Ubumenyi bw’Imibare, AIMS (African Institute for Mathematical Sciences) yavuze ko muri iki gihe iterambere rijyana no gutangaza ibyagezweho.

Yasobanuye ko ikigo gifasha Afurika kwihutisha iterambere (SDG Center for Africa) gifite icyicaro mu Rwanda cyasabye ko ibijyanye n’ubushakashatsi muri siyansi byongerwamo imbaraga ndetse bigatangazwa kuko byagaragaye ko hari ubushakashatsi bukorwa ariko ibyavuyemo ntibimenyekane.

Thierry Zomahoun yavuze ko bifuza ko icyo kinyamakuru kizaba kigaragaramo udushya. Ati "ntidushaka ko kizajya kirambira abagisoma, kandi kizabamo amakuru y’ingenzi abantu bakeneye utasanga ahandi."

Ubusanzwe bwinshi mu bushakashatsi bwakorwaga muri Afurika bwatangazwaga mu bitangazamakuru mpuzamahanga harimo ibyo hanze ya Afurika, benshi mu banyafurika ntibabumenye mu gihe nyamara ari bo ba mbere bwakagombye kugirira akamaro.

Abazajya bandika inkuru za siyansi kimwe n’abazajya bakora ubushakashatsi kuri siyansi bugashimwa n’icyo kinyamakuru, ibyo banditse ngo bizajya bitangazwa muri icyo kinyamakuru kandi ababikoze bishyurwe. Ibiciro bazajya bishyurwaho ntibirashyirwaho ariko ngo biracyarimo kuganirwaho.

Biteganyijwe ko numero yacyo ya mbere izasohoka hagati y’ukwa karindwi n’ukwa cyenda muri uyu mwaka wa 2018. Biteganyijwe kandi ko mu nama itaha ya Next Einstein Forum 2019 yiga ku iterambere rya siyansi iki kinyamakuru kizagaragaza intambwe nziza kizaba kigezeho nk’uko byasobanuriwe abanyamakuru.

Perezida Kagame yavuze ko Ubumenyi bukwiye kwifashishwa mu gukemura ibibazo bya Afurika ndetse n’Isi

Uburezi bw’iki gihe cyane cyane ubwo mu Rwanda bwakomeje kunengwa uburyo budatanga amasomo atajyanye n’igihe cyangwa ibibazo bikenewe gukemurwa.

Bikaba ari byo Perezida Kagame yagarutseho nawe ubwo yafunguraga inama y’ihuriro ry’abahanga ryatangijwe n’Ikigo Nyafurika cy’Ubumenyi bw’Imibare (Next Einstein Forum), kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 26 Werurwe 2018.

Yagize ati “Ikigamijwe ntabwo ari uguha abantu ubumenyi bwo kuzuza imitwe gusa cyangwa se gutsinda ibizamini. Ikigamijwe ni ugukoresha ubwo bumenyi mu gukemura ibibazo bikigaragara ku mugabane wacu no ku Isi dutuye.”

Perezida Kagame yasabye ko habaho ubufatanye mu bushakashatsi muri siyansi, kuko ari byo bituma kuvumbura byihuta kandi bikongera inyungu kuri buri wese.

ati “Reka dukoreshe ubushobozi dufite maze duhe abahanga b’abanyafurika amahirwe yo gukura mu bumenyi bwabo no guhangana na bagenzi babo.”

Iyi nama yitabiriwe n’abahanga mu bumenyi biganjemo cyane abanyamibare

yanasabye ko kandi habaho kugabanya ubusumbane hagati y’abakobwa bitabira imibare n’abahungu, kuko bose bashoboye kandi bakwiye amahirwe angana.

Ati “Ibi tugomba kubihindura. Amahirwe hagati y’abagabo n’abagore ntazigera angana igihe batarahabwa umwanya ungana mu burezi no gushaka ubumenyi.”

yahumurije abashakashatsi ko n’ubwo hakiriho ibibazo ariko hari ibimenyetso byerekana ko Afurika ikomeje gutera intambwe igana mbere.

Iyi nama yasusurukijwe n’Urukerereza

Prof Neil Turok akaba ari we washinze Ikigo nyafurika cy’Ubumenyi bw’Imibare bufite ibyicaro mu bihugu bitandukanye birimo n’u Rwanda