Gusa, bamwe mu basesengura ibya politiki, bavuga ko bitoroshye ko uwo mutwe warwanywa ngo urandurwe burundu, mu gihe hari abawukoresha nk’intwaro zo kurinda imitungo n’inyungu zabo ziri muri icyo gihugu, abandi ndetse bakawukoresha nk’imbaraga zo kurinda igihugu, bakawuha ibikoresho n’izindi nkunga zitandukanye kuko bawubona nk’ubafatiye runini.

Mpakaniye Emilien, wahoze ari umurwanyi muri FDLR mu kiganiro n’itangazamakuru, yasobanuye uko uwo mutwe ubona amafaranga akoreshwa mu kugura intwaro n’ibindi ukenera.

Yagize ati, “ Hari uburyo bwo kurinda abo bacuruzi bajya kurangura amabuye y’agaciro, bagatanga amafaranga, nayo akagaruka agafasha FDLR. Hari n’uburyo bwo koherezamo abantu n’ubundi, bagakoreramo nabo bakabona amafaranga, bafite ibyo bita ‘quota’ (imisoro y’intambara cyangwa se amafaranga FDLR isaba abaturage b’abasivili cyane cyane abacuruzi bakorera mu bice bigenzurwa nayo muri RDC). Izo ‘quota’ bagenda batanga uko ukwezi gushize, ni byo begeranya bakabasha kwitunga no kugura intwaro”.

Nubwo hari raporo z’impuguke za UN zakomeje gusohoka zigaragaza uruhare rwa FDLR mu guhungabanya umutekano mu Karere, ndetse by’umwihariko mu Rwanda, uwo mutwe wagabye igitero mu ijoro ryo ku wa 4-5 Ukwakira 2019, mu Murenge wa Kinigi mu Karere ka Musanze. Ariko ibyo byose bisa naho ntacyo bivuze ku miryango mpuzamahanga nubwo izi ukuri guhari.

Umusesenguzi mu bya politiki n’amategeko, Me Aloys Mutabingwa avuga ko ibyo FDLR ikora ntacyo bibwiye amahanga, ahubwo ko bishoboka, bawukoresha mu nyungu zabo.

Yagize ati,” FDLR ntacyo ibabwiye, bashoboye no kuyiha akazi.Bakanahora bayishyigikira iramutse …wenda ni nayo mahirwe kuri ba ‘victims’ bayo, cyangwa se abibasirwa nayo, amahirwe ni uko itajya igira ‘discipline’ cyangwa se imyitwarire myiza. Iyo iza kuba ishobora gukora ibituma iyo mitungo yabo irindwa ndetse igacukurwa uko bayishaka, bayiha n’akandi kazi. Nguko uko amwe mu mahanga, cyane cyane ayibanda ku mitungo kurusha ubuzima bw’abantu, nguko uko abona ibibazo by’Afurika byakemurwa.Ni ugusahurira mu nduru,…”.

Uwo muyobozi yaavuze ko kugeza ubu, ibihugu birenga 12 birimo ibyo muri Afurika n’ibindi byo hirya no hino ku isi, byashyizeho amabwiriza abuza cyangwa agabanya ingendo, ibintu bikomeje kubangamira ubushobozi n’imikorere ya OMS mu guhangana n’icyorezo cya Ebola, cyane cyane muri Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo, ari naho cyagaragaye bwa mbere.

Dr. Tedros yavuze ko izi ngamba zo kubuza ingendo, “zibangamira itangwa ry’ibikoresho byifashishwa mu buvuzi ndetse zikanadindiza ibikorwa byo kurwanya Ebola.”

Ibyo Dr. Tedros yatangaje, bije nyuma y’uko urwego rushinzwe impunzi, abinjira n’abasohoka ndetse n’abasaba ubwenegihugu muri Canada, rwongeye gushimangira icyemezo cyo cyo guhagarika by’agateganyo, mu gihe cy’iminsi 90, gutanga ibyangombwa by’abimukira baturuka mu bihugu bya Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo, Uganda na Sudani y’Epfo.

Naho Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Bahrain, Mexico n’ibindi bihugu bimwe na bimwe, na byo byashyizeho amabwiriza agabanya ingendo, mu gihe Canada yo yanashyizeho gahunda y’akato k’iminsi 21 ku bagenzi bose baturuka muri Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo.

Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima kandi,ryatangaje ko rikeneye nibura Miliyoni 115 z’Amadolari y’Amerika mu mezi atatu ari imbere, kugira ngo ishobore gukomeza guhangana n’icyo cyorezo cya Ebola kibangamiye ubuzima rusange.

Umuyobozi w’iryo Shami, yakomeje avuga ko kugeza ubu hamaze kuboneka hafi 35% gusa by’ingengo y’imari ikenewe mu bikorwa byo guhangana n’icyo cyorezo.

Ubu atuye mu Bufaransa aho yageze ku itariki 5 Nyakanga 1994 ari kumwe n’abandi bana 31 bari bakomeretse cyane bajyanywe kuvuzwa kuko bari babikeneye.

Yibuka ko mbere gato y’uko abagize umuryango we bicwa, bari bamaze iminsi bitegura ibirori by’umubatizo w’umwana wa mukuru we, akaba n’umwuzukuru wa mbere w’umuryango, Ornella wari ufite amezi 15gusa, bitegura bishimye kuko yagombaga guhabwa iryo sakaramentu ku itariki 10 Mata 1994. Ariko iyo tariki ntiyageze kuko tariki 6 nijoro nibwo bamenye ko indege y’uwari Perezida yahanuwe, kandi ko n’interahamwe zatangiye gushyiraho za bariyeri.

Tariki 7 Mata mu gitondo, Se wa Uwimbabazi yasabye ko bava mu nzu yabo bagahunga bakajya kwihisha mu nzu yari ikirimo kubakwa, kuko aho iwabo, yabonaga hatakiri umutekano. Bidatinze Ise wa Uwimbabazi bamwiciye imbere y’urugo rwe, abandi basigaye barahunga.

Muri izo mpagarara Uwimbabazi yagiye mu muryango w’abaturanyi b’abahutu abasaba ko bamuhisha baranga, undi muryango ukurikiyeho wemera kumuhisha, ariko bucyeye bwaho bamusaba kugenda kubera ko kuhaguma kwe ngo byabashyiraga mu kaga.

Uwimbabazi yagerageje gushaka uko yakwinjira mu kigo cya ETO Kicukiro cyari kirinzwe n’ingabo za UN, biza kumukundira yinjiramo, ariko asigarana ikibazo cyo kwibaza uko umuryango we umerewe, ariko ku bw’amahirwe, nabo baza gushobora kwinjira muri ETO nubwo byari bigoye.

Ikindi kibazo Uwimbabazi yari asigaranye ni ukomenya amakuru ya Mukuru we n’umugabo ndetse n’umwana wabo Ornella bari batuye i Nyamirambo, ariko nko kwirema agatima yibwiraga ko uwo mugabo wa mukuru we kuko yakoreraga PNUD wenda yahungishijwe hamwe na bagenzi be b’abanyamahanga bakoranaga, ariko si ko byagenze.

Aho muri ETO, ngo bari bahahungiye ari nk’abantu 2000 biganjemo Abatutsi, birirwaga babona izo ngabo zinjira zongera zisohoka zijya kuzana abanyamahanga zibavana aho batuye hirya no hino, zikabazana aho muri ETO. Bigeze ku itariki 11 Mata 1994, abo banyamahanga batangiye gushyirwa mu modoka, bajyanwa ku kibuga cy’indege ngo bahunge ndetse n’abari bashinzwe icyo Kigo cya ETO ntibasigara.

Ku bari bagiye gusigara aho, ubwoba bwari bwose, kuko bari babizi ndetse n’izo ngabo za UN zari zibizi ko interahamwe zikikije icyo kigo. Abanyarwanda bamwe bari bafite za pasiporo ngo basabye ko nabo bahungishwa ariko ntibyakunda. Muri abo, harimo n’umunyapolitiki Boniface Ngulinzira utavugaga rumwe na Leta hamwe n’umuryango we, asaba ko bamuhungisha, ariko baramwangira bavuga ko baba bishyize mu kaga gakomeye.

Uwimbabazi ati, “ Ingabo za UN zagumanye natwe akanya gato, zidusaba kwinjira mu mazu kuko hari ifunguro rigiye gutangwa, ariko hashize akanya haza imodoka irimo abasirikare batatu b’Abafaransa. Ingabo za UN zatsa amakamyo zirigendera, abantu bamwe bavuza induru, abandi babura icyo bavuga kubera ubwoba bwinshi, duhagarara mu nzira aho imodoka zabo zinyura, abandi bajya kuzifataho. Ubwo batangira kurasa mu kirere, ntitwari tuzi niba koko barimo kuturasa. Turyama ku butaka, abandi batangira kwiruka bagana hose. Umwe muri abo basirikare ba UN adusaba ko twagenda kuko tugiye gusigarana n’abasirikare b’Abafaransa…byarangiye badutereranye, kuko bari bahawe amabwiriza. Iyo bahaguma gusa, byari bihagije ngo baturinde”.

Uwimbabazi avuga ko yagumanye ibibazo bitabonye ibisubizo, yibaza abari bafite inshingano muri icyo gihe, kuki batigeze bahanwa kubera uruhare bagize, bagakomeza imirimo yabo nta na rimwe basabwe kwisobanura ku byo bakoze.

Uwimbabazi yibuka uko interahamwe n’abasirikare babashoreye bava muri ETO Kicukiro, kugera i Nyanza, aho batangiye kubica, ahaburira abantu benshi bo mu muryango we, ariko we ntiyakomereka. Nyuma ajya kwihisha mu kindi gihuru, ariko abicanyi bagarutse bucyeye bwabo, barabavumbura barabatema bamwe mu bo bari kumwe bahita bapfa.

Nyuma umunsi ukurikiyeho yibuka, uko yumvise intambwe z’umuntu uza agana aho ari, amukora ku itama, afunguye amaso abona ni umusirikare wa FPR, amujyana ahantu babashyiraga bakitabwaho mu buryo bushoboka.

Yagize ati, “ Umusikare witwa Victor yamaze igice cy’umugoroba wose arimo angaburira nta kurambirwa, angaruramo ubuzima, mu gihe njyewe ntari nibufitiye icyizere…”.

Uwimbabazi yaboneyeho umwanya wo gushimira Perezida Kagame n’ingabo yari ayoboye, kuko ari wo mwanya abonye mu myaka 32 ishize yose.

Depute Meeks yavuze ko Amerika isanzwe ifite ibigo byihariye bishobora kwita ku barwayi ba Ebola, bityo ko yagombye kugarura mu gihugu abaturage bayo bagizweho ingaruka aho kubohereza muri Kenya.

Uwo Mudepite yanabajije impamvu ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Trump bwiteze ko Kenya yakwakira Abanyamerika bashobora kuba barahuye na Ebola kandi yaragabanyije inkunga yageneraga urwego rw’ubuzima muri icyo gihugu.

Meeks, umwe mu bagize komisiyo y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Amerika ishinzwe amategeko n’igenzura rya politiki y’ububanyi n’amahanga, yavuze ko atumva impamvu bisaba ko Abanyamerika boherezwa muri Kenya kugira ngo bashyirwe mu kato.

Ibyo yabivuze mu gihe muri Kenya hakomeje kwiyongera abatemera uwo mushinga uzashyirwa mu kigo cya gisirikare cya Laikipia Air Base giherereya ahitwa i Nanyuki.

Yagize ati: “Guverinoma yacu ifite inshingano zo gufasha Abanyamerika bari hanze y’igihugu.
Amerika isanzwe ifite ibigo byihariye byubakiwe kwita ku barwayi ba Ebola mu buryo butekanye. Ubutegetsi bwa Trump bugomba kugarura Abanyamerika mu gihugu bukabafasha, aho gushyira uwo mutwaro kuri Guverinoma y’ikindi gihugu.”

Yakomeje agira ati, “Ubutegetsi bwa Trump bwagabanyije inkunga y’ubuzima muri Kenya, ariko ubu burifuza ko Kenya yakwakira abarwayi ba Ebola b’Abanyamerika aho kubagarura iwabo ngo bavurirwe hano. Guverinoma zombi zikwiye kwita ku mpungenge zagaragajwe n’imiryango itegamiye kuri Leta muri Kenya.”

Ku wa Gatanu tariki ya 29 Gicurasi 2026, umunsi abategetsi ba Amerika bavugaga ko icyo kigo kizatangira gukora, Umucamanza Patricia Nyaundi wo mu Rukiko Rukuru yahagaritse uwo mushinga.

Yabujije Kenya gushinga cyangwa gukoresha ikigo icyo ari cyo cyose kijyanye na Ebola hashingiwe ku masezerano yagiranye na Amerika cyangwa ikindi gihugu cyose, ndetse anabuza kwinjiza mu gihugu umuntu wese ushobora kuba yarahuye na virusi cyangwa wayanduye kugeza igihe urubanza ruzarangirira.

Hagati aho, umwuka mubi wagaragaye i Nanyuki nyuma y’uko abaturage babarirwa mu magana bakoze imyigaragambyo bamagana uwo mushinga.

Yagize ati,” Ubu rero wenda ababa bafite ikibazo tuzi, ni abatuye mu Murenge wa Kigarama,muri Kicukiro ndetse n’abatuye mu Murenge wa Mageragere muri Nyarugenge. Ni ho kugeza ubu hari ikibazo, hari umuyoboro wangiritse ukura amazi muri moteri uyazamura Kimisange, aho niho kugeza ubu, hari ikibazo turimo gukoraho kugira ngo turebe ko cyakemuka nabo bakabona amazi. Ariko aho handi bamaze ibyumweru bibiri batabona amazi byasaba ko tuhamenya, hanyuma tukabikurikirana, kuko ibyumweru bibiri byaba ari byinshi”.

Ku kibazo kijyanye n’abavomesha bashyiraho ibiciro bidasanzwe ku buryo ijerekani imwe igurishwa amafaranga 500, Bimenyimana yavuze ko ibyo bitemewe ndetse hari n’ibihano bijyana nabyo.

Yagize ati,” Ubundi ntabwo byemewe guhenda amazi aho ari ku mavomo rusange; igiciro kirazwi ku mavomo rusange, ijerekani ni amafaranga 20, ibihe uko byaba bimeze kose, yaba yabuze cyangwa yabonetse, ikiba kirimo ni uko ayo mazi aba ahari. Ahubwo ahantu baba bahenda abaturage bakarenza ayo mafaranga, baduhamagara bakabitumenyesha tukaba twabikurikira. Dufite nomero itishyirwa 3535 batumenyesha iryo vomo tukabikurikirana, uwo muntu uvomesha tukamuhindura ndetse agahabwa ibihano kuko ntabwo byemewe guhenda abaturage”.

Yakomeje agira ati,” Ibihano biba bitandukanye, biterwa n’igihe uwo muntu amaze akora ibyo bintu byo guhenda abaturage ku mazi, ariko ikindi kinakomeye ni uko dukorana n’inzego z’ibanze, uwo muntu uvomesha uhenda abaturage, akaba yasimburwa hagashyirwaho undi wubahiriza ibyo biciro. Icyo ni cyo gihano cya mbere, kuko ubikora ntabwo yakomeza gukoresha iryo vomo rusange. Ibindi nyine bijyana n’igihe yakoreye icyo cyaha, ndetse akaba yakurikiranwa n’inzego z’ubutabera”.

Intego y’iyo nama ni ukwirinda ko buri gihugu gifata ingamba ukwacyo mu kurwanya icyo cyorezo cyamaze kugaragara muri Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo ndetse Uganda kugeza ubu.

Mu ngamba zirimo gusuzumwa harimo kongera igenzura ku mipaka, ku bibuga by’indege no ku nzira zambukirwaho hagati y’ibihugu byo mu aka Karere. Ariko nubwo ibihugu byinshi byamaze gukaza umutekano ku mipaka yabyo, Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima OMS, rivuga ko izo ngamba zishobora kugira ingaruka zitifuzwa, kuko zishobora gutuma abantu benshi bambuka imipaka banyuze mu nzira zitemewe, bikagorana gukurikirana abashobora kuba baranduye.

Mu gusubiza ibyo bibazo, Diana Atwine, Umunyamabanga Uhoraho muri Minisiteri y’Ubuzima ya Uganda, yabwiye igitangazamakuru cya RFI ko uretse igenzura rikorerwa ku mipaka yemewe, inzego z’umutekano zanongereye uburinzi no kugenzura inzira zinyurwamo mu buryo butemewe.

Mu zindi ngamba zirimo gutekerezwaho harimo kohereza laboratwari zigendanwa icyenda mu bice byibasiwe n’icyorezo, cyane cyane muri Ituri, no gushyiraho itsinda ryihariye rishinzwe gukurikirana no guhangana n’icyo kibazo ku rwego rw’Akarere.

Diana Atwine yavuze ko intego ari ugupima byihuse abantu bakekwaho kwandura, kumenya abanduye no kubashyira mu kato vuba kugira ngo hakumirwe ikwirakwira ry’iyo virusi ya Ebola yiswe Bundibugyo

Umunyamabanga Mukuru wa KMPDU, Dr. Davji Atellah, ashinja Leta gukora “ibiganiro mu buryo buhishe” kandi avuga ko ishyirahamwe ayoboye rizategura imyigaragambyo mu gihugu hose niba uwo mushinga ukomeje, hatabanje kubaho gusobanurira abaturage, kandi nta mavugurura akozwe muri gahunda y’ubuzima y’igihugu.

Uretse abo baganga, kandi hari n’Ikigo cya ‘Katiba Institute’ cyamaze gutanga ikirego mu rukiko kirwanya uwo mushinga wo gushyiraho ibigo byo kwakira no kuvura abahuye n’icyorezo cya Ebola muri Kenya.

Mu itangazo ryasohotse ku wa Kane tariki ya 28 Gicurasi, iryo shyirahamwe ryashinje Guverinoma gushyira imbere inyungu z’amahanga aho kwita ku mutekano n’ubuzima bw’Abanyakenya.

Iryo tangazo ryagize riti: “Nk’abarinzi b’ingenzi ba gahunda y’ubuzima muri Kenya, twababajwe cyane n’uko Guverinoma isa n’iyiteguye kugurisha umutekano w’ibinyabuzima ndetse n’ubuzima bw’abaturage bayo kugira ngo ibone inkunga z’amahanga. Ntituzicara turebera Kenya ihindurwa ububiko bw’indwara yica kandi tutarayiteje.”

Ishyirahamwe KMPDU ryavuze ko icyorezo cya Ebola kibasiye cyane cyane igihugu cya Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo ndetse na Uganda, maze ribaza impamvu Kenya ari yo yaba yaratoranyijwe kwakira Abanyamerika bashobora kuba barahuye n’iyo ndwara aho kujyanwa mu bihugu biri hafi y’aho icyorezo cyaturutse.
Iryo tangazo ryakomeje rigira riti: “Icyorezo cya Ebola cyo mu bwoko bwa Bundibugyo kiri muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo na Uganda. Turasaba Minisitiri w’Ubuzima Aden Duale hamwe na Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga gusobanura mu buryo bwumvikana, impamvu Kenya yahinduwe ahantu ho kujyana Abanyamerika bashobora kuba barahuye n’iyo ndwara, mu gihe ibihugu bihana imbibi n’aho icyorezo kiri byirengagijwe.”

KMPDU yanagaragaje impungenge ku bijyanye no gutwara abantu bashobora kuba barahuye na Ebola bakazanwa muri Kenya, ibaza niba byaba bifite umutekano kubinjiza mu kirere cya Kenya, mu gihe Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zibona kubasubiza i Washington ari ugushyira ubuzima mu kaga.

Iryo tangazo ryagize riti: “Niba Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zibona urugendo rw’amasaha 12 rwo gutwara abarwayi cyangwa abahuye n’indwara bajyanwa i Washington ari urw’akaga, ni gute byaba ari umutekano kubinjiza mu kirere cya Kenya no kubajyana i Laikipia?”

KMPDU yavuze kandi ko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ubwazo zivuga ko zidashobora kwemera ko Ebola yinjira ku butaka bwazo, bityo Kenya na yo itagomba gushyirwaho iyo mitwaro y’ingaruka z’umutekano w’ubuzima.

Iryo tangazo ryagize riti: “Guverinoma ya Amerika ivuga ku mugaragaro iti: ‘Ntitwashobora kandi ntituzemera ko Ebola yinjira muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.’ Niba ari akaga kuri Amerika, ni akaga no kuri Kenya. Turasaba ko amasezerano hagati y’impande zombi ashyirwa ahagaragara ndetse hagasobanurwa impamvu Kenya ari yo yatoranyijwe kwikorera izi ngaruka.”

Iryo shyirahamwe ry’abaganga ryavuze ko gahunda y’ubuzima ya Kenya isanzwe ifite ibibazo bikomeye birimo ibikoresho bike, inyubako zidahagije ndetse n’ibura ry’imiti n’ibikoresho by’ingenzi none hakaba hakaba hagiye kwiyongeraho ibibazo bijyanye n’icyorezo cya Ebola.

Abo baganga bagize bati, “Ibitaro bya Leta byacu biri mu bibazo bikomeye. Nta bikoresho bihagije byo gupima indwara, imiti y’ingenzi irabura kandi ibikorwa byita ku barwayi barembye ntibikora neza. Nyamara Guverinoma iri kongera umutwaro ku rwego rw’umutekano n’ubugenzuzi bw’indwara, yakira ikigo cy’indwara ziteje ibyago giterwa inkunga n’amahanga.”

“Guverinoma igomba gusobanurira Abanyakenya impamvu amafaranga n’ubushobozi birimo gushorwa mu kigo cy’amahanga cyo gushyira abantu mu kato, mu gihe abaturage bapfira mu bitaro bya Leta bidafite ibikoresho bihagije bazize indwara. Twakiriye ayo makuru, tubanza kuyashidikanyaho cyane. KMPDU irashimangira ko tutazihanganira uburyo bw’ubuvuzi bushingiye ku ivangura ku butaka bwa Kenya.”

Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ntabwo zatangaje inkunga yihariye izaha Kenya mu rwego rwo kwakira ikigo cya Ebola. Ariko Amerika yemeye gutanga Miliyari 1.7 z’Amadolari y’Amerika mu rwego rwo gushyigikira gahunda rusange z’ubuzima muri Kenya, nk’igice cy’amasezerano yagutse y’ubufatanye mu by’ubuzima hagati y’ibihugu byombi.

Ni icyorezo gikomeje gutera impungenge muri icyo gihugu, mu gihe umubare w’abamaze gupfa bivugwa ko kugeza ubu ari abantu 223. Inzego z’ubuzima, zihugiye cyane mu bikorwa byo gushakisha abantu bahuye cyangwa bakoranaga bya hafi n’abarwaye Ebola kugira ngo bakurikiranwe neza, batangire kwitabwaho.

Kugeza ubu kandi, icyo cyorezo Ebola, byatangajwe ko kiri mu turere twa Ituri, Kivu y’Amajyepfo ndetse na Kiu y’Amajyaruguru.

Ni icyorezo kikiri mu ntangiriro, kuko tariki 15 Gicurasi 2026 nibwo byatangajwe ko cyongeye kwaduka muri RDC. Minisitiri w’ubuzima wa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo, Roger Kamba yemeje ko bishobora gufata amezi agera kuri atandatu kugira ngo igihugu cye gishobore kugenzura icyo cyorezo.

Minisitiri Kamba yatangaje ko kugeza ubu, abantu bagera ku 3.600 bahuye n’abanduye, ari bo barimo gukurikiranwa n’abaganga.

Gusa, yavuze ko iyo mibare ikiri iy’agateganyo, asobanura ko Leta yahisemo gutangaza imibare minini ishoboka y’abakekwaho iyo ndwara, mu gihe iperereza n’ibizamini bya laboratwari bigikomeje gukorwa.

Minisitiri Kamba yagize ati: “Turacyari mu ntangiriro z’icyorezo... kubera ko ari icyorezo gikomeye, dushobora gukenera amezi atandatu kugira ngo kirangire.”

Virusi ya Ebola yiswe Bundibugyo ni iya 17 igaragaye muri icyo gihugu guhera mu 1976. Minisitiri Kamba, akaba yasobanuye ko yihisha iyo bikiri mu ntangiriro, ku buryo idahita igaragara nk’uko byagendaga kuri virusi ziswe Zaire zagiye zitera Ebola mu bihe byabanje aho muri RDC.

Yasobanuye ko ibimenyetso byayo bya mbere, bishobora gusa n’ibya malaria, harimo umuriro, kuruka no gucibwamo, mu gihe kuva amaraso bishobora kuza bitinze cyangwa rimwe na rimwe ntibibeho na gato.

Yongeyeho ko nta rukingo rwemewe cyangwa umuti wihariye wemerewe kuvura virusi ya Bundibugyo, bityo ko uburyo bwo gufasha umurwayi nko kumuha amazi, kuvura ikibazo cyo guhumeka no guhangana n’ikibazo cyo kubura amaraso mu mubiri (anemia) ari bwo bwonyine buhari.

Ikindi, ngo Guverinoma iteganya guha akazi abajyanama b’ubuzima 60,000 mu gihugu hose kuva muri Nyakanga 2026 kugira ngo bongere ubushobozi bwo gukurikirana iby’icyo cyorezo no kwigisha abaturage ibijyanye n’ubuzima.

Nta rukingo rw’iyo virusi ya Bundbugyo ruraboneka kugeza ubu, kuko inkingo zihari ,nk’uko byemejwe n’Ishami rya UN ryita ku Buzima, harimo nk’urwitwa’ Ervebo’, zigenewe ubwoko bwa Ebola bwa ‘Zaïre’.

Gusa, ngo hari inkingo nyinshi ziri mu igeragezwa no mu bushakashatsi bwa kiliniki, ariko nta na rumwe ruragera ku rwego gukoreshwa mu guhangana na virusi yo mu bwoko bwa Bundibugyo. Ariko Ishami rya UN ryita ku Buzima (OMS) ryatangaje ko ririmo gukorana n’abashakashatsi batandukanye, harimo abo mu Burusiya, batangaje ko hari inkingo nshya zirimo gukorwa ndetse ziri mu igeragezwa, zigenewe by’umwihariko guhangana n’iyo virusi ya Bundibugyo.

Ibirori byo gusoza ayo mahugurwa, byahuriranye n’umuhango wo kwizihiza imyaka 25 ishize Polisi y’igihugu ibayeho. Mu ba Ofisiye basoje ayo mahugurwa, bagahabwa ipeti rya AIP (Assistant Inspector of Police),harimo abagera ku icyenda baje baturutse mu gihugu cya Seychelles. Bageze mu Rwanda muri Kamena 2025, baje kwitabira iyo mahugurwa amara hafi umwaka wose, iyo gahunda yo kuza guhugurirwa muri Polisi y’u Rwanda, ikaba yarabayeho nyuma y’amasezerano y’ubufatanye yasinywe hagati y’u Rwanda na Seychelles mu 2023.

Mu banyeshuri baje guhugurirwa mu Rwanda bavuye muri Seychelles, harimo babiri bagaragaye mu bayobora amasibo mu gihe cyo kwireka, cyangwa se mu gihe cyo gukora akarasisi. Uwo muri bo, ari Kumwe na mugenzi we w’Umunyarwanda, nibo bayoboye isibo ya Kane y’akarasisi.

Hari kandi n’isibo ya Gatandatu y’akarasisi, nayo yari iyobowe n’umwe muri bo bapolisi baturutse muri Seychelles ari kumwe na mugenzi we w’Umunyarwanda.

Uretse kuba bagaragaye mu bayoboye bagenzi babo mu masibo y’akarasisi, hari n’undi umwe muri abo baturutse muri Seychelles, wahawe kimwe mu bihembo byagenewe abahize abandi muri ayo mahugurwa.

Uwahembwe kubera imyitwarire myiza yamuranze muri abo baturutse muri Seychelles, akaba yarabonye umwanya wa kane, mu bahawe ibihembo, ni Uwitwa Nicolette Marie, washimiwe na Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame amukora mu kiganza, mbere yo kumushyikiriza igihembo yagenewe.

Nicolette Marie, ashimira Perezida Kagame yabivuze mu rurimi rw’Icyongereza agira ati, “ Murakoze cyane Nyakubahwa Perezida.”

Uwase avuka i Gikondo mu Mujyi wa Kigali, ku buryo bidahita byumvikana ukuntu byaje ngo yisange akunda ubuhinzi cyane.

Yagize ati,” Urukundo rw’ubuhinzi nk’umuntu w’i Kigali ntirwari ruhari mu mizo ya mbere, ariko mu kureba uko mu baturanyi bimeze, nabonaga umuntu ushonje nkumva birambabaje. Rero kubera uko gutinya inzara, kandi nzi ko ubuhinzi ari uburyo bwo kurwaya iyo nzara no gukumira ko yabaho, byatumye numva mbukunze”.

“ Naje kwiga hano mvuye muri FAWE Girls’ School, aho nize Ubugenge, Ubutabire n’Ibinyabuzima (PCB), narangije mu 2022, mpita ndeba icyo byasabaga ku bantu bifuza kuza kwiga ubuhinzi muri RICA, icyo gihe basabaga cyane cyane abize siyansi, bakagira n’amanota bafatiraho, byose mbona mbyujuje nuzuza impapuro zisaba banyemerera kuza kwiga”.

“Twese twiga ubuhinzi bisanzwe mu myaka ya mbere, ariko kuko ubuhinzi bugira amashami menshi, kandi hano muri RICA yose bakaba bayubahiriza, iyo tugeze mu mwaka wa nyuma nibwo umuntu ahitamo ishami yumva rimunyuze, cyangwa se yumva hari icyo ryazamufasha gukora mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi mu gihe azaba arangije kwiga”.

“ Ubu ndi mu mwaka wa gatatu, ari nawo wa nyuma, njyewe nahisemo ishami ryo gukora ubuhinzi buteye imbere, harimo no gukoresha amamashini akoreshwa mu guhinga no kuvomerera n’ibindi ‘Agricultural Mechanization Systems’”.

“ Ninjiye mu byo kwiga guhingisha imashini mbibona ko bitoroshye, hari ukuntu nk’umukobwa uba wumva ko hari imirimo itari iyawe, ariko muri ibi niga, hari ubwo ujya kubona ukabona abahungu basigaye, nabarushije gukurikira no kubyumva neza. Ku buryo niga mu mwaka wa kabiri hano muri RICA, nigeze kuba umuntu ufasha umwarimu mu gusobanurira abanyeshuri ‘TA’ (Teacher’s Assistant)”.

“Gukora mu buhinzi nkoresha amamashini ndi umukobwa, ntacyo bintwaye ahubwo numva ari ishema kuri njyewe, kuko ubu namaze kumva ko umurimo ari umurimo, nta murimo w’umugabo cyangwa w’umugore. Hari ubwo hazamo cya kintu cyo muri sosiyete, cyo kuvuga ngo umuhungu nambona nirirwa mu mamashini ndi umukobwa, ukumva akenshi ntabwo ari ibintu bikoroheye, mu buryo bujyanye n’imyumvire, rimwe na rimwe ukumva birakubangamiye, ariko iyo ufite intego, urabyihorera ugakomeza”.

“Nk’ubu hari ukuntu mba ngenda, navuga ko mfite ‘permis’ ya F, Umuntu akakureba, akibaza ukuntu waba ufite iyo ‘categorie’ kandi uri umukobwa, ukumva ni ikintu kiguteye ishema cy’uko hari ikintu washobora gukora, umuhungu cyangwa umugabo agatangara”.

Uwase avuga ko, ubu afite ‘categorie’ ya F, imwemerera gukoresha imashini zihinga, akaba yarayibonye binyuze muri gahunda y’ishuri rya RICA rigirana ubufatanye na Polisi y’igihugu, ikaza gukoresha abanyeshuri ibizamini by’izo mashini.

Yagize ati,” Permis turayikorera hano, kuko iba ari gahunda y’ikigo, kandi bitategereza ko abanyeshuri bose babanza kwiga amategeko y’umuhanda ngo babone izindi ‘categories’,ikigo gikorana na Polisi, tukiga, twamara kwiga, Polisi ikaza ikadukoresha ikizamini. Ubu mfite F kandi ni yo ya mbere mfite, kuko sinabanje gukorera izindi. Ntewe ishema n’uko nzasohoka hano nyifite, kuko bifasha ko nta nzitizi twahura nazo hanze, zo kuba twabona akazi ko gukoresha imashini tugasanga nta mpushya zo kuzikoresha dufite”.

Nicole wiga mu mwaka wa Gatatu mu ishami ry’ubuhinzi bukoresha imashini muri @RICA_Rwanda arasobanura uko biga gukoresha imashini zitera imyaka ariko zitangiza ubutaka #ktradioiwacu https://t.co/7Aha5AkAY4 pic.twitter.com/AlLCPOOLrF

— Kigali Today (@kigalitoday) May 20, 2026

Minisitiri w’umutekano mu Gihugu Dr Vincent Biruta wakiriye indahiro zabo, yashimye imyitwarire myiza yabaranze, no kuba bariyemeje gukorera igihugu banyuze muri urwo rwego, ariko abasaba kuzaba abanyamwuga beza, bakirinda kugwa mu byaha bitandukanye nk’uko byagenze kuri bamwe mu ba babanjirije mu mwuga.

Yagize ati,” Uyu muhango twitabiriye uyu munsi ni umuhango ukomeye ku Rwego rw’u Rwanda rushinzwe igorora, kuko rwungutse amaraso mashya. Nk’uko mubizi, uru rwego rufite inshingano ikomeye yo kwakira, gucunga no kugorora abantu bagonganye n’amategeko, hubahirizwa uburenganzira bwabo, hagamijwe kubagorora bagahinduka, bakazataha barabaye abaturage beza, bagendera ku mategeko, kandi bashobora kwigirira akamaro, bakakagirira imiryango yabo ndetse n’igihugu muri rusange…"

Abofisiye batatu bahize abandi mu masomo abinjiza muri RCS bashyikirijwe ibihembo. Abo ni Gilbert Habyarimana wabaye uwa mbere, Charles Imanirarora wabaye uwa kabiri, na Jonathan Ishimwe wabaye uwa gatatu. pic.twitter.com/w7PezikslR

— Kigali Today (@kigalitoday) May 22, 2026

Biruta, yavuze ko u Rwanda rugambiriye ko koko abagonganye n’amategeko ahana bagororwa, bagasubira mu muryango nyarwanda bameze neza.

Aha, yagize ati “Leta y’u Rwanda izakomeza kubafasha muri iyo nzira, bityo urwego rugere ku rugero rushimishije, aho ikitwaga gereza, kiba koko igororero…:"

Minisitiri Biruta yashimiye Abofisiye bashya Igihugu cyungutse, maze agira ati "Tubitezeho kuzaba abakozi beza ndetse n’abayobozi beza b’uru rwego mwahisemo. Tubitezeho kandi kubumbatira umutekano w’igihugu. Muzite ku burenganzira bw’abagororwa, mwirinda imyifatire igayitse no kwishora mu byaha bitandukanye birimo ruswa nk’uko byagiye bigaragara muri bamwe mu babanjirije muri uyu murimo…”.

Uyu munsi Minisitiri, @Vbiruta yayoboye umuhango wo gusoza amahugurwa y’Abofisiye bato 146,ba @RCS_Rwanda barimo abakobwa 21, wabereye ku Ishuri ry’Amahugurwa rya RCS riri mu Karere ka @RwamaganaDistr.
Mu ijambo rye, Minisitiri @Vbiruta yasabye aba Ofisiye bashya gukomeza… pic.twitter.com/LS56JGEvWZ

— Ministry of Interior | Rwanda (@RwandaInterior) May 22, 2026

Aha, umuyobozi yasobanuye ko BNR ihindura inoti ku mpamvu eshatu (3) z’ingenzi”.

“Icya mbere ni ukugira ngo tugendane n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu guhindura inoti. Iyo urebye nka ruriya rupapuro rukoze inoti, ikoranabuhanga rigenda rihinduka uko ibihe bigenda. Hari ukuvugurura ibimenyetso by’umutekano w’inoti. Buriya inoti igira ibimenyetso bigaragarira amaso y’abantu n’ibindi bisomwa n’imashini zibara amafaranga. Ibyo nabyo turimo kubihindura, usanga tuvugurura uwo mutekano w’inoti. Ikindi ni uko ushobora no guhindura biriya birango bigaragara inyuma. Iyo urebye nk’inoti yacu ya 5000 nshyashya,ifiteho ‘Convention’ twashakaga kwerekana imbaraga igihugu cyashyize mu kuzamura ubukerarugendo cyangwa se kuzamura ubukungu bushingiye ku nama ”.

“Ziriya noti ziba zifite icyo bita ‘legal tender’ itegeko rya Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika ry’igihe izo noti zizaba zifite uburenganzira bwo kuba zigikoreshwa mu kwishyurana, mu gihe rero iyo ‘legal tender’ itaravaho ziriya noti ziba zemewe. Kandi ntabwo twajya kuzana za noti nshyashya, nta noti zirimo zikora zigihari. Izo rero iyo zije, zisanga ziriya zindi zigihari, ziri mu baturage zizenguruka kandi zikiri nyinshi. Ntabwo rero twahita tuzikuraho, ni ukureka, zikagenda zigaruka muri Banki y’igihugu gahoro gahoro. Gusa ntitwongera kuzitumiza hanze. Izo dukomeza gutumiza hanze ni za zindi nshyashya”.

Kasangwa Chantal yakomeje asobanura ko amabwiriza ya Banki nkuru yo mu 2024 yatanze umurongo kuri ibyo by’inoti nshya n’izishaje, avuga ko nta noti zirenga ebyiri z’ubwoko bumwe zizajya zikoreshwa mu gihe kimwe.

Asubiza ikibazo kijyanye n’ahaturuka amafaranga y’amiganano, Yagize ati, “ Nk’uko nigeze kubivuga kare, izo noti z’impimbano ni umubare mutoya cyane, kandi nta mpungenge ziteye yaba kuri BNR cyangwa se ku gihugu. Inkomoko yayo cyangwa se aho abayakora bakorera, naba mbeshye mvuze ko nzi aho bayakorera, ariko icyo nzi ni uko dukorana na Polisi mu guta muri yombi abagira uruhare muri uko gucura amafaranga y’amiganano. Mu by’ukuri ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye kuri BNR, ahubwo icyo twitaho cyane, ni ukugerageza kongera cyangwa se kuzamura umutekano w’inoti kandi ni byo turimo gukora. Ikindi ni ubukangurambaga mu baturage, kugira ngo bashobore kumenya neza inoti za nyazo cyangwa se inoti zemewe. Ubwo rero icyo kwigana inoti nahamya ko kitari mu bituma hasohorwa inoti nshyashya, ntabwo ari byo”.

Ubusanzwe, ni Umugabo w’imyaka 34 witwa Nkurunziza Emmanuel, ufite umugore n’umwana umwe, ukomoka mu Karere ka Nyaruguru, ariko ubu atuye mu Karere ka Kayonza, ari naho akorera ubucuruzi, ahamya ko buzamuka bitewe n’izina yahimbwe rya Sultani Makenga.

Iri ni izina ry’umu Jenerali uyoboye ingabo za AFC/M23 zimaze iminsi ziharanira uburenganzira Abakongomani bavuga Ikinyarwanda ndetse n’Abanyamulenge bose bibasirwa na Leta yabo ya Congo.

Naho Nkurunziza, uko yiswe iryo zina rya Sultani Makenga, byaje mu 2014 ubwo yari mu mwaka wa Kane w’Amashuri yisumbuye mu Nderabarezi, TTC Save, Akarere ka Gisagara, ishuri riyobowe n’Abafurere bita aba Mariste.

Mu gihe barimo biga isomo ryitwa ‘Foundation of Education’ (Umusingi w’uburezi), bakinnye ikinamico igaragaza uko abantu bashobora kubatwa n’ibintu bitandukanye kandi bitangiye gacye gacye.

Icyo gihe, Nkurunziza yakinnye ari umusaza w’umusinzi wabaswe n’inzoga, kandi byaratangiye gahoro gahoro.

Mu gihe bakinaga aka gakino, Abanyeshuri bakuru babo bibutse ibyo bize muri iryo somo, bijyanye n’agakuru k’inkende yitwa Sultani yashyizwe mu cyumba kimanitsemo imineke ariko bashyize n’ibiti bibiri mu nguni y’icyo cyumba, kugira ngo barebe ko yazagira ubwenge bwo gukoresha ibyo biti ngo imanure imineke.

Uburyo yatangiye gahoro gahoro igerageza, ikaza kwibuka gukoresha ibiti ikamanura imineke, bo babonye bisa neza n’ubwo buryo gusinda mu mukino nakinnye kwaje gahoro gahoro, kugeza aho ndundumukiye mu businzi, nuko bamuhimba Sultani bamugereranya n’iyo nkende. Izina riba ritangiye gufata.

Yagize ati,” Abanyeshuri bari barize iby’iyo nkende yakoreshejwe mu bushakashatsi, ni bo bakomezaga kumpamagara mu Kigo, ngo dore Sultani, ndetse n’abayobozi bamwe batangira kujya barinyita. Iryo zina ryaje gutuma bantorera kuba umuyobozi w’abanyeshuri wungirije (sous-doyen), kuko twiyamamaje, abanyeshuri bahita bavuga ngo turatora Sultani, kandi mbere yo gukina iyo kinamico sinari nzwi cyane mu kigo, kuko nakinaga volley ball na hand ball rimwe na rimwe ku buryo nta banyeshuri benshi bari banzi”.

“ Nyuma umuyobozi ushinzwe imyitwarire y’abanyeshuri (prefet de discipline), niwe watangiye kujya ampamagara akongeraho na Makenga. Kuko nk’umuntu mukuru hari amakuru yabaga azi menshi yaba ayo mu gihugu no hanze kubera ko yageraga kuri interineti. Sultani Makenga wo muri M23 yari yaramenyekanye cyane mu 2013, njyewe barimpimba mu 2014. Bwa mbere njyewe byaranambabazaga nibaza impamvu banyita izina ritari iryanjye. Sinari muzi, sinari nzi n’amateka ye, ariko njyiye kuri Kaminuza ya Rukara mu 2018, nibwo nakoze ubushakashatsi nshaka kumenya Sultani Makenga banyitirira uwo ari we, n’igituma ari umuntu uzwi cyane, kuko nabonaga hari abumva iryo zina bakikanga. Nanditsemo Sultani Makenga hahita haza uriya wo muri Congo”.

“ Nakoze ubushakashatsi mbona n’ifoto ye, bamwe batangira no kumbwira ngo ko tubona musa se, ni umuvandimwe wawe? Icyo gihe nasomye amakuru ye guhera cyera akiri n’umusore ibikorwa yakoraga, byo guharanira ubwigenge bwe n’ubw’abavandimwe, ibintu byo kugira ubwitange no kumva ko atabaho wenyine, ahubwo hari abantu bagomba kubaho kubera we. Nahise numva ngize ishema ryo kuba twitiranwa. Nkumva nanjye naharanira kuzamukana n’abandi sintere imbere njyenyine”.

Jenerali Sultani Makenga

Sultani Makenga w’i Gahini avuga ko amaze kubona ukuntu iryo zina rye ryamaze kumenyakana cyane no mu baturage, yahise yumva ko agomba kuribyaza amahirwe, akarikoresha muri bizinesi. Ibyo yarabikoze kandi bigenda neza, kuko ubu ngo ageze ku gishoro cya Miliyoni zisaga icumi z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda (10M Frws).

Yagize ati,” Naravuze nti byanze bikunze iri zina ryazamfasha. Turangije kwiga mu 2021, abenshi mu bo twiganye bahise bajya gushaka akazi ko kwigisha, ariko njyewe numva izina mfite, n’uko abantu bamaze kuryumva narikoresha. Natangiriye ku bintu bicye cyane kuko natangiye ncuruza ‘ama inite’ bisanzwe ndi ‘umwajenti’ usanzwe wa MTN. Ubwo rero abantu baratangiye, ukumva umwe agize ati ngiye kugura ama inite kwa Sultani, ngiye kubikuza kwa Sultani…ibyo biranzamura igishoro kiraboneka. Urumva ahantu hari abanyeshuri ibihumbi, kandi babona ‘buruse’ buri kwezi, aho haba hari amahirwe, ku buryo witwaye neza, wakora igishoro kikazamuka”.

Azamukiye muri ibyo byo gucuruza ama inite, Sultani yaje kugera ku bucuruzi bw’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga birimo za telefoni n’ibindi kuko ngo byari bigihendutse mu kubirangura ugereranyije n’uko bimeze ubu. Ariko mu 2024, Sultani yahinduye ubucuruzi, atangira gucuruza matora (matelas), kuko uwazicuruzaga aho hafi ya Kaminuza ya Rukara yari yimutse, ibyo rero bimuhesha amahirwe yo kuzigurisha ku banyeshuri, ariko no kubaturage basanzwe, kuko bazigurira hafi yabo.

Uretse abantu basanzwe bazi Nkurunziza nka Sultani Makenga, ku buryo baturuka hirya no hino baje kumureba, ubundi bakamubaza amakuru yo ku rugamba rwa M23, uko Jenerali Sultani Makenga amerewe,…no mu muryango we, ni ko basigaye bamwita, uhereye ku babyeyi be, ndetse n’umugore we n’umwana.

Yagize ati,” Aho dutuye ni ahantu hatuwe n’abanyeshuri cyane, usanga n’umwana wanjye ubu ufite imyaka itatu, ugerageje no kumubaza uko papa yitwa, azi ko nitwa Sultani kuko yumva abantu base ariko banyita. Namubwiye n’amazina yanjye nyayo ariko ntayafata. Umugore wanjye nawe ni umwarimu yigisha mu wundi murenge, iyo abonye umukiriya wa matora amurangira amubwira ngo kwa Sultani. N’ababyeyi banjye hari ubwo barimpamagara, kuko mbasura bakumva kuri telefoni abampamagara banyita Sultani”.

Sultani Makenga w’i Gahini, agira inzozi zo kuzajya kureba bazina we mu gihe umutekano uzaba umeze neza muri Congo, ariko ubu ngo ahora akurikiranira hafi amakuru ye, agahangayika cyane iyo yumvise ko hari aho M23 yaganjwe cyane n’abo barwana. Abazi ko atabura amakuru y’urugamba, ngo usanga baza kumubaza buri gihe uko ibintu bihagaze.

Yagize ati,” Ubungubu, naba ndi mu kazi cyangwa se mu bindi, byanze bikunze ngomba kumenya amakuru ye, nkamenya ngo yaramutse ate, yiriwe ate, nkamenya ibyo ibinyamakuru byamuvuzeho, n’ibindi byose bimwerekeyeho. Imana nibinshoboza nzajya kumureba”.

Yagize ati, “ Ubuhinzi bubungabunga ubutaka, bugira amahame menshi bugenderaho, twebwe ubungubu tugendera ku mahame umunani.

Irya mbere ni ukutarimagura ubutaka, ni ukuvuga kutabukomeretsa cyane, bakarima aho bagiye gutera imbuto gusa. Ni ukuvuga ko kurimagura ubutaka ukabugira amasinde bitemewe."

Ihame rya kabiri ni ukugira ubutaka buhora butwikiriye, kubera ko iyo ubutaka butwikiriye ntibutwarwa n’isuri, kandi bugumana ubuhehere kuko amazi agumamo, bikaburinda kumagara.

Yagize ati,” Ubutaka bushobora kuba butwikirije isaso, cyangwa se ibisigazwa by’imyaka yasaruwe. Muri iryo hame twebwe iyo dusarura ibisigazwa biguma aho, dutwara igice cy’igihingwa dukeneye, niba ari ihundo ry’ishaka, cyangwa ikigori, ibindi bikaguma mu murima. Ubundi buryo ni ugukoresha ibihingwa bitwikira ubutaka. Bikorwa haterwa ibyatsi bikura vuba, bigatwikira ubutaka ariko bikazanaba ifumbire…"

Ihame rya gatatu, ni uguhinduranya imyaka mu murima. Ati, “ibyo abantu basanzwe banabikora bazi ngo iyo wahinze ibigori, nyuma uhinga ibishyimbo, nyuma ukaba wahinga n’imboga. Uko uhinduranya imyaka, bituma urwanya indwara, ukanakoresha intungagihingwa zitandukanye, kuko ibihingwa bikenera izitandukanye.Imvange y’intungagihingwa ibishyimbo bikenera itandukanye n’iyo ibigori bikenera. Iyo uhinduranya ibihingwa rero, buri gihingwa kiraza kigafata ibyo gikeneye."

Ihame rya kane ni ugukoresha amafumbire neza kandi ku rugero, ni ukuvuga kudakoresha menshi cyangwa se macyeya, ahubwo hagakoreshwa urugero rukwiye. Impamvu ngo ni uko iyo hakoreshejwe amafumbire menshi, cyane cyane ay’imvaruganda, harimo atuma ubutaka busharira.

Ihame rya gatanu ni ugukoresha neza imiti yica udukoko twangiza imyaka. Impamvu ni uko gukoresha nabi iyo miti, biteza ibibazo birimo kwangiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, harimo nko kwica inzuki n’ibindi binyabuzima ubundi bikenewe kandi bifite akamaro.

Yagize ati, “ Ni ukwirinda gukoresha iyo miti nabi, ndetse aho biri ngombwa ntitunayikoreshe tugakoresha ubundi buryo butangiza”.

Ihame rya gatandatu ni ugukoresha amazi neza, hatarimo kuyasesagura, yaba amazi agezwa mu mirima binyuze mu kuvumerera, ariko n’ay’imvura.

Yagize ati, “ Igihe imvura iguye, dukoresha uburyo bushoboka, amazi y’imvura tuyafatira mu butaka ntagende. Ibyo byunganirwa na ya mahame yabanje. Iyo ahantu hatwikiriye amazi aribika, mu gihe cyo kuhira bigakorwa ku masaha ya nyayo. Kandi bigakorwa habanje kurebwa ngo igihingwa gikeneye amazi angana iki? Ese aya amazi tugiye gushyiramo igihingwa kizayakoresha?"

Ihame rya karindwi ari naryo ryitabwaho cyane muri RICA, ni ukuvanga ubuhinzi n’ubworozi bikagendana.

Yagize ati,” Ubuhinzi n’ubworozi biragendana. Mbese bikaba bibangikanye, ku buryo bimwe biva mu bworozi, bikoreshwa mu buhinzi, n’ibiva mu buhinzi bikoreshwa mu bworozi bikaba magirirane”.

Ihame rya munani ni ugukora ubuhinzi bwita ku bidukikije kandi busigasira urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, ni ukuvuga guhinga ariko n’amashyamba cyangwa ibiri mu mirima ndetse n’ibindi binyabuzima bikarindwa.

Ubuhinzi butangiza ubutaka, cyangwa se bukorwa hatwikirwa ubutaka, ngo butuma habaho gufungirana umwuka wa karuboni mu butaka, ugakoreshwa mu bihingwa kuko biwukeneye, aho kugira ngo ujye mu kirere kuko iyo ugeze mu kirere ugira uruhare mu kugihumanya.

Harerimana asobanura ko ubwo buhinzi butangiza bunajyana no gutera imbuto nziza, kugira ngo bitange umusaruro mwiza, ndetse n’icyororo cyiza kugira ubworozi butange umusaruro mwinshi kandi mwiza.

Yabivugiye i Kigali aho yitabiriye inama yiga ku bijyanye n’ingufu za Nikeleyeri (NEISA 2026) aho asanga impunduka mu iterambere ry’ubukungu bwa Afurika zishingiye cyane ku ngufu.

Impamvu ngo ni uko inganda zirushaho kwiyongera, uko imijyi ikura, uko hagurwa ibikorwaremezo by’ikoranabuhanga, ubucukuzi bw’amavuye y’agaciro n’ibindi bikorwa bitandukanye bigatera imbere, byose bikenera ingufu zihagije.

Yagize ati,” Ingufu za Nikereyeri, ntizikwiye kurebwa nk’izije guhangana n’ingufu zisubira, ahubwo zikwiye gufatwa nk’izije kuzuzanya nazo, mu rwego rwo kubaka urwego rw’ingufu rukomeye, kandi rwihagije rufite ubushobozi bwo kujyana n’iterembere ry’inganda zikomeza kwiyongera hirya no hino ku Mugabane wa Afurika."

Avuga ku bijyanye n’igihugu cye, yasobanuye ko ingufu Tanzania itunganya muri iki gihe, ari nkeya ugereranyije n’izikenewe yaba ubu no mu gihe kiri imbere. Aha rero, inama ya NEISA 2026, asanga ari amahirwe abonetse yo gutuma Afurika iganirira hamwe uburyo bwo gukura itunganywa ry’ingufu za Nikeleyeri mu mishinga rikajya mu bikorwa, kugira ngo haboneka ingufu zihagiye zijyanye n’iterambere ry’igihe kirambye.

Yagize ati, “ Muri Tanzania, ingano y’amashanyarazi akenewe ikomeza kwiyongera, bijyanye n’ibyo igihugu kiyemeje kwitaho mbere y’ibindi ndetse n’icyerekezo cyihaye cya 2050…”

Murekatete Jolie w’imyaka 38, utuye mu Murenge wa Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera, avuga ko atazi niba yabona icyo akora aramutse asanze umurambo ku muhanda imbere y’iwe cyangwa se n’ahandi.

Yagize ati,” Njyewe rero ngira ubwoba cyane, ndamutse nsohotse nko mu rugo nkabona umurambo imbere y’iwanjye ku muhanda, sinaba nkigiye aho nari ngiye ubwo nahita mbisubika, kandi rwose sinawegera kuko nigirira ubwoba pe. Wenda nabibwira abo tubana mu rugo gusa ko nawubonye, ariko ibyo kumenyesha izindi nzego, sinabijyamo, kuko nta numero ya Polisi ngira, numva hari abavuga ngo bahuye n’ikibazo bakwitabaza Polisi, sinzi nomero yabo. Ikindi, na bya bindi bavuga ngo ubonye umurambo wawutwikira n’igitenge cyangwa ikindi mu rwego rw’icyubahiro, njyewe ntawo najya gutwikira kuko ntinya umurambo pe. Sinahegera”.

Ntawigira Gervais w’imyaka 52 nawe utuye mu Murenge wa Nyamata, we avuga ko bimubayeho agasanga umurambo watawe ku muhanda, mu murima cyangwa se n’ahandi, ataceceka ngo yigendere, ahubwo yamenyesha ubuyobozi bw’aho awubonye.

Yagize ati, “ Nzi ko bitemewe gukora ku murambo usanze aho, utazi ibyawo, ahubwo umenyesha inzego ziri hafi yawe. Rero namenyesha ubuyobozi buri hafi aho, ubwo wenda nabo bakamenyesha Polisi n’izindi nzego, ariko njyewe ndabizi ko ntagomba kuwukoraho”.

Mukamwezi Florida w’imyaka 67, nawe utuye mu Murenge wa Nyamata, avuga ko biramutse bimubayeho, agasanga umurambo ku muhanda yabanza akawegera akareba niba azi nyirawo yasanga ari uwo mu muryango we cyangwa se inshuti, agashaka abamufasha bakawuhakura, bidasabye kubanza kujya mu zindi nzego.

Yagize ati,” Ndamutse nsanze umurambo ku muhanda, nabanza nkawegera, nkareba niba ari umuntu nzi, yaba uwo mu muryango cyangwa se inshuti, maze ngashaka abamafasha tukamuvunaho atarabanza gushungerwa n’abantu benshi. Erega riba ari n’ishyano wa muntu we kubona umurambo w’umuntu wanamye ku gasozi”.

Nubwo abo babyumva ku buryo butandukanye, Dr Sebajuri Jean Marie Vianney, avuga ko mu rwego rw’ubuzima hari ingaruka ziba zishobora kugera ku bantu bitewe no kwegera umurambo wasanzwe ku muhanda cyangwa ahandi, bitazwi icyateye urwo rupfu. Akavuga ko abantu bakwiye kwirinda uko bishoboka.

Yagize ati, “ Ingaruka zirahari zo mu rwego rw’ubuzima, nko muri iki gihe hari indwara z’ibyorezo zadutse, urugero nk’umuntu yapfuye azize icyorezo nka Marbug cyangwa se Ebola nubwo itaragera mu Rwanda, n’ibindi byorezo biterwa na virusi zikomeye ‘Hemorrhagic Fevers’ ( ni ukuvuga ibyorezo birangwa no gutera umuriro mwinshi cyane, bikagera naho uwacyanduye ava amaraso ahantu hose hari umwenge ku mubiri),uwegereye uwishwe na kimwe muri ibyo byorezo cyangwa akamukoraho nawe aba ashobora kwandura, kubera ko virusi zo ku murambo w’uwishwe nacyo ziba zishobora kwanduza”.

Yakomeje agira ati, “ Wenda ari upfuye azize impanuka agonzwe bigaragara, umuntu uri hafi aho ashobora gufasha, ariko nabwo akabikora afite ibikoresho by’ubwirinzi nka ‘gants’, iyo bibereye hafi yo kwa muganga nabo bafasha. Ariko ubundi nk’imirambo y’abarohamye mu mazi, cyangwa se bagonzwe mu muhanda, bazanwa n’inzego zibifitiye ububasha harimo RIB kandi nazo zibazana zikoresheje ibyo bikoresho by’ubwirizi, naho ubundi, mu buryo bw’amategeko, ntabwo byemewe ko umuntu akora murambo abonye ku muhanda cyangwa ahandi, ahubwo amenyesha inzego z’umutekano yaba RIB cyangwa se Polisi cyangwa ubuyobozi bumwegereye”.

Umuyobozi w’ikinyabiziga abonye umurambo ku muhanda...

Nubwo avuga ibyo ko abantu bashobora gufasha, mu gihe umurambo uri ku muhanda wishwe n’impanuka, ariko abashoferi batandukanye, hamwe n’abandi bakoresha umuhanda, babwiye Kigali Today ko bazi ko bibujijwe guterura cyangwa se gutwara umuntu wakomerekeye mu mpanuka, bidakozwe na Polisi izanye n’imbangukiragutabara zabugenewe. Uko ninako bigenda ku murambo w’uwapfuye aguye mu mpanuka, uko uvanwa ahabereye impanuka, ujyanwa aho usuzumirwa byose bikorwa na Polisi cyangwa se izindi nzego zibishinzwe.

Ku icyo kijyanye n’impanuka, Polisi y’u Rwanda ivuga ko iyo habayeho impanuka igakomerekeramo abantu, ubutabazi bw’ibanze bukorwa n’ababifitiye ubumenyi bujyanye no gufata neza (to handle) imvune n’ibikomere. Impamvu ngo ni uko, hagize ababura ubuzima mu mpanuka (bagapfa) biturutse ku kuba ubutabazi bwakozwe nabi, ababuze umuntu babifata ukundi.

Umuvugizi wa Polisi ACP Boniface Rutikanga, yabwiye Kigali Today ko iyo mu muhanda habayeho impanuka, Polisi ariyo igomba kuyobora abawukoresha mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko hashobora kubaho iyindi,…kandi ko umupolisi ari we uba ugomba guhamagara imbangukiragutabara itwara abakomeretse cyangwa se abapfuye.

Yagize ati, “Ubutabazi bufite aho buhuriye n’ubuvuzi, muganga hari amakuru akenera atatangwa n’umuturage uwo ari we wese cyangwa umuntu akaba yashiramo umwuka uwatabaye nta makuru ahagije afite, bikaba byateza ikibazo cy’ubwumvikane buke.”

Mu bindi Polisi ikora, iyo imenyeshejwe ahabonetse umurambo, ijyayo ikabuza abantu kuwegera cyangwa se kuwukoraho, hanyuma igakusanya amakuru ku byo abaturage batekereza ko byaba byateye urwo rupfu iyo bihari, niba hari abari bafitanye amakimbirane n’uwapfuye n’ibindi. Hanyuma ibyo byose bigashyikirizwa urwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha RIB.

Hari kandi ibiteganywa n’amategeko ku myitwarire ikwiye kuranga umuntu ubonye umurambo watawe ahantu hatandukanye (nko ku muhanda, mu bisambu, n’ahandi).

Umuntu ubonye umurambo w’umuntu waguye ku muhanda cyangwa se ahandi hatandukanye, agomba gutanga amakuru vuba ku nzego zitandukanye yaba Polisi, RIB cyangwa se ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze bw’aho byabereye, yaba Umudugudu, Akagari n’izindi.

Ibyo ngo bifasha gutahura icyateye urupfu no gukumira ko hagira ibimenyetso byangirika. Ntibyemewe gukorakora umurambo, kuwimurira aho ari ho hose, kuwuhisha, kuwutwika n’ibindi. Umuntu uwubonye agomba gusiga aho yawubonye uko hari hameze ntacyo ahahinduye na kimwe. Ntibyemewe kandi gufata amafoto cyangwa amashusho y’umurambo no kuyakwirakwiza kuko bishobora guhungabanya icyubahiro cy’uwo nyakwigendera.

Ibyo byose bikwiye kuranga umuntu ubonye umurambo watawe ahantu hatandukanye, bikubiye mu Itegeko No68 /2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018 riteganya ibyaha n’ibihano muri rusange, mu ngingo zaryo za 245, 246, 247 ndetse na 249 iteganya ko umuntu wese uhisha umurambo aba akoze icyaha, iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko akaba ahanishwa igifungo kitari munsi y’imyaka 5 ariko kitarenze imyaka 7.

Kudatanga amakuru kandi ku murambo watawe ahantu runaka, binafatwa nko gushinyagurira umurambo, icyo kikaba ari icyaha gihanwa nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 130 y’itegeko No 68 /2018 ryo ku wa 30/08/2018, ivuga ko umutu wese uhisha cyangwa utaburura ku bugome umurambo w’umuntu cyangwa uwucaho umwanya w’umubiri cyangwa uwushinyagurira ku buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose, aba akoze icyaha, iyo abihamijwe n’urukiko akaba ashobora guhanishwa igifungo kiri hagati y’imyaka 5-7.

Amwe mu mafoto Perezida Kagame yasangije abamukurikira ku rubuga rwe rwa X

Yagize ati, “Imbuga nkoranyambaga ni ikintu cyiza, zizana uburinganire mu buryo bumwe, bwo kugaragaza ibitekerezo, ibyiyumvo, mu by’ukuri zatumye itangazamakuru ribona ubwigenge cyane kandi icyo ni ikintu cy’ingenzi, buri muntu ashobora kuvuga icyo ashaka,kandi akumvwa,niyo ibyo avuga atari ibyo, hakaba hari umuntu umubwira ati oya ibyo si byo, niba ibyo avuga ari byo koko, hakaba abantu bavuga bati, hari igitekerezo hano dukwiye gutekerezaho…”.

Perezida Kagame yakomeje asobanura ko imbuga nkoranyambaga zabaye urubuga rufunguye kandi rwagutse, ku buryo zafashije abantu kurenga ibyo gutekereza mu buryo bufunze, bwo kujyanwa mu bintu, rimwe na rimwe hatabanje kubaho kubitekerezaho, cyangwa se kujyanwa mu byo abantu batemera, kuko gusa byavuzwe n’umuntu kanaka mu itangazamakuru.

Yagize ati, “ Ni urubuga rufunguye kuri buri wese,rero bamwe muri twe turakurikira, ubwo rero biba ari aha buri muntu gushungura, akumva iby’ingenzi mu byo yumvise cyangwa yabonye. Ni inzira nziza yo kubona ibyo unengwa no kwakira inama ugirwa. Ni inshingano za buri wese rero kwanzura uko yakubakira kuri ibyo, kandi bikamugirira akamaro”.

Yagize ati, “Nagira ngo nshime ko mu ngengo y’imari hitabwa ku ihame ry’uburinganire, cyane cyane ko inzego zose hafi ijana ku ijana, zigenda zikora zigaragaza iyinjizwa ry’ihame ry’uburinganire hagati y’abagabo n’abagore mu ngengo y’imari ya Leta,inyandiko bakayiza ku mugereka ndetse na Minisiteri y’imari n’igenamigambi ikayibona,ariko nubwo bikorwa, haracyarimo ikibazo, cyane cyane mu gukurikirana uburyo iryo hame ry’uburinganire ryubahirizwa, ndetse bigatuma hakigaragaramo ibyuho bikomeye, bigaragara ko umugore atazamuka uko bikwiye. Ndetse ibyo bikagira n’ingaruka ku bipimo mpuzamahanga bikorwa, nko ku cyo bita ‘Women Global Index’, aho igihugu cyacu kigenda gusubira inyuma aho kugira ngo gitere imbere”.

“ Kandi ugasanga ibigisubiza inyuma, nko mu bijyanye n’imiyoborere nta kibazo, abagore mu nzego zifata ibyemezo ntabwo ari bibi cyane,mu buzima nta kibazo,mu burezi nta kibazo, ariko byagera mu bukungu ugasanga ni ikibazo, abagore ni bacyeya cyane, amanota y’igihugu akagabanuka ndetse n’umwanya, kugeza aho twavuye ku mwanya utararengaga 10 kugeza mu 2017, ariko uyu munsi tukaba twaramanutse tukajya tugeze ku mwanya wa 39 nk’igihugu. Nagira ngo mbaze nyakubahwa Minisitiri icyo barimo gutegenya, cyane cyane mu gukurikirana uko ihame ry’uburinganire rishyirwa mu bikorwa,kubigenzura no kubikurikirana, kugira ngo inzego zose mu gihe biga imishinga, bite ku ihame ry’uburinganire bw’abagabo n’abagore”.

Minisitiri w’Imari n’Igenamigambi, Murangwa Yusuf

Asubiza icyo kibazo, Minisitiri Murangwa Yusuf yemeje ko nka Minisiteri y’imari n’igenamigambi, icyo kibazo bakibona koko ko hakiri ibyuho mu iyubahirizwa ry’ihame ry’uburinganire mu bijyanye n’ubukungu.

Yagize ati,”…natwe turabibona ko hakirimo icyuho mu gushyira mu bikorwa iryo hame, kandi tubona ko ari urugendo (process) rugomba gukomeza cyane cyane tunoza uko imishinga y’ingengo y’imari ikorwa, tunakomeza guhugura inzego, kugira ngo babikore neza. Gusa ni urugendo. Hari byinshi tumaze kugeraho, hari n’ibindi byinshi bisaba ko bikora neza, ku buryo naho twizera ko uko tuzegenda dukomeza, bizagenda birushaho gukorwa neza”.

Mu Murenge wa Kinyinya, Umujyi wa Kigali, Mukandahiro yavukanye n’abana icumi, bose bakaba baragize amahirwe yo kubona umuganga mu buzima bwabo, kuko Sekuru ubyara se, yari umuganga mu Kigo cy’Abadage cya Deutshe Welle. Ubwo rero, bakuze bavurwa na sekuru.

Uko arushaho gukura ajya ejuru, Mukandahiro yakomeje kubona izindi mpamvu zikomeye zituma areba ubabaye akumva yamutabara.

Agira ati “Jenoside yaorewe Abatutsi imaze guhagarikwa, nabonaga abarokotse batemwe bikomeye, nkabona inkovu irasamye, nkumva namuvura inkovu ntihengame cyane ngo ubone ko imeze nabi…”

Atsinze ikizamini cya Leta kirangiza amashuri abanza (P.6), yahawe kujya kwiga ubwarimu ariko yanga kujyayo kuko yumvaga bidahura n’inzozi ze, nuko arahaguruka ajya kwishakira Minisitiri w’Uburezi.

Agira ati “Nibuka umunsi umwe wo mu 1996, ubwo niriwe kuri Minisiteri y’uburezi, kugira ngo bamfashe kwiga ubuganga. Narahiriwe, Minisitiri ajya mu kiruhuko cya saa sita ahansize, agarutse asanga ndacyahari...ahita ampa urwandiko runyemerera kwiga kuri ESSI Kirinda (Karongi), numva umutima wanjye uratuje. Gusa nahize umwaka umwe kubera ibibazo by’Abacengezi, nuko nkomereza amashuri I Kigali.”

Yababazwaga no kubona abaganga bababaza abana

Arangije amasomo, Mukandahiro yakomeje kwiga amashuri makuru y’Ubuforomo, maze yiga ibijyanye no kubaga byoroheje(minor surgery) muri Uganda.

Nyuma yo kurangiza kwiga igiforomo, Mukandahiro yagiye gukora mu ivuriro ryigenga, atangira akora adahembwa.

Yagize ati,” Ntangira akazi, nahisemo kujya gukorera umuntu wari ufite ivuriro, ndamubwira nti sinshaka kuguma mu rugo nicaye, reka nze hano nkore. Icyo gihe ampa gukorera ubuntu, nkora amezi atatu, ariko impamyabumenyi zacu zisohotse, ampa akazi ntangira guhembwa.”

“Aho muri iryo vuriro niho hambere naboneye ibyo gusiramura ‘circoncision’. Hari umuntu wahakoraga wasiramuraga abana, ariko nkabona ni ibintu biteye ubwoba, nkabona abana bararira cyane. Nyuma nagiye gukora mu bindi bitaro, ariko naje kwisanga nakunze ibintu byo gusiramura abana, kubera ko nabonaga bahura n’ihungabana, nkumva njyewe mfite nk’ukuntu nabakorera kandi batababaye cyane.”

Uwari ushinzwe serivise yo gusiramura kuri iri vuriro, yari umugabo, ariko akabona abana afasha bagira ubwoba bwinshi, bahahamutse, akabona ntabwo azi kubahendahenda, kubahoza.

Agira ati “Naribajije nti ese umwana ntiyahabwa iyi serivisi kandi atagize ihungabana? Ni uko byanjemo, nabwo sinahita mbyinjiramo, ahubwo mbanza kujya muri bya bintu nifuzaga mbere na mbere byo gukosora inkovu zakize ariko zimeze nabi…”

“ Ibyo gusiramura, numvaga nabikora, ariko nkabanza nkiyegereza umwana, tugakina, umwana akanyiyumvamo, noneho tukabona gukora icyo gikorwa. Gusa sinari nemerewe kubikora, ariko najyaga gufasha umuganga urimo ubikora. Ariko icyo gihe hahise haza amahugurwa, Leta isaba amavuriro gutanga abaforomo basanzwe bakora mu byo kubaga byoroheje, bakajya guhugurwa. Icyo gihe hari haje inzobere zaturutse hanze, baratwigisha hanyuma tujya gukora ibyo batwigishije”.

Mukandahiro yarangije ayo mahugurwa, ahabwa icyemezo cy’uko noneho yakora ibyo gusiramura abana ndetse n’abantu bakuru bakeneye iyo serivisi. Ibyo byabaye mu gihe mu Rwanda hari hariho ubukangurambaga bwo gushishikariza abantu kwisiramuza kuko hari ibyiza bizana ku buzima bwabo.

Agira ati "Icyo gihe nari mfite ubumenyi nakuye mu ishuri, hakiyongeraho amahugurwa ajyanye no gusiramura nari nahawe ndetse no kwigira ku baganga bakuru, harimo abavaga muri CHUK, bakaza gukora mu mavuriro yigenga. Natangiye gukora ibyo gusiramura ndi mu ivuriro ryo kwa Kanimba, mpamara imyaka 9 ari byo nkora, hanyuma njya ku ivuriro rya Saint Jean I Nyamirambo aho maze imyaka 12 ari byo nkora, ariko mbikorera no ku Ivuriro ry’Abadivantisiti riri ku Irebero. Muri rusange maze imyaka 21 ntanga iyo serivisi, ku buryo ntashobora kumenya umubare w’abakiriya maze gukorera keretse ndebye mu bitabo.”

Mukandahiro yishimira kuba yarageze ku ntego ye yo gukorera abana iyi serivise kandi ntibagire ihungabana.

Yagize ati, “ Kugeza ubu mbona narageze ku ntego nari mfite, kuko ababyeyi benshi barangana, kuko babona ko mbasha kumenya uko mfata neza abana. Umwana murabanza mukamenyerana, ntakubone nka muganga gusa,ahubwo akakubona nk’inshuti, ukabanza kujya ku rwego rwe mugakina, akabona ko utari bugire ikintu kimubabaza umukorera…intego nini yatumye njya muri iyi serivisi numva narayigezeho kandi ndacyakomeje, kugira ngo nkomeze gahunda yo gukora ubuvuzi bwiza bunoze kandi bwubaka ubusabane hagati y’umuganga n’uwo avura…”.

Mukandahiro agira uburyo butandukanye bwo gukundisha abana iyo serivisi atanga. Iyo baje bafite nk’imyaka itanu kuzamura, baba bashobora kumva ibyo ababwira. Atanga urugero ko iyo ari abana batuye mu nsisiro, aba azi ko bakora imikino yo kurushanwa kwihagarika inkari zikagera kure.

Icyo gihe ngo ababwira ko nibamara gusiramurwa, bazajya bazigeza kure kurushaho, ko inkari zitazajya zibameneka ku birenge nk’uko bigenda ku bana batarasiramurwa. Hari nubwo asaba umwana akabanza agashushanya uko ashaka ko aza kuba ameze nibarangiza kumusiramura, akabikora,…n’ibindi bituma umwana ashira ubwoba.

“Njya mbwira abantu ko muri iyi serivisi, ubu ntangiye gukorera abuzukuru, kuko abo nayikoreye nko mu 2011, ubu ni abagabo barabyaye. Banzanira abana babo, bakaza bakambwira bati, natwe ni wowe wadukoreye, twabyaye rero tugomba kuzana abana bacu ukaba ari wowe ubakorera. Baraza benshi”.

Mbere na mbere, Mukandahiro asubiza ikibazo ababyeyi benshi bakunze kuvuga cy’uko gusiramuza umwana bituma igitsina cye kidakura.

Aha ngaha, asobanura iyi myumvire agira ati ”Ibyo bintu ni imyumvire idafite icyo ishingiyeho. Umwana wasiramuwe, igitsina cye kirakomeza kigakura, kubera ko ni igice cy’umubiri gikuzwa n’imisemburo. Iyo dusiramura dukuraho uruhu, ntabwo dukuraho igitsina cy’umwana, kirasigara. Kandi iyo umwana arengeje icyiciro cy’ubugimbi, imisemburo itangiye gukura, n’igitsina cye kirakura. Gusiramura nta hantu na hamwe bihurira no gukura kw’igitsina cy’umwana. Ni ibihuha”.

Igihe cyiza cyo gusiramurwa ni ikihe?

Mukandahiro yasobanuye ko igihe cyiza cyo gusiramurwa, kigendanye n’impamvu zitandukanye harimo ibijyanye n’ububabare, umwanya bifata ngo uwasiramuwe akire n’ibindi.

Avuga ko ighe cyiza cyo gusiramurwa ari ukuva ku masaha 24 umwana avutse, umuganga w’abana akemeza ko nta kibazo afite, yonka neza, yituma neza, atavutse ananiwe, yavutse agejeje igihe, kandi afite ibiro bikwiye.

Ku mwana ungana atyo, ngo gukira biba ari iminsi ibiri gusa. Ikindi cyiciro ni ukuva ku mezi abiri kugeza kuri atandatu. Ubwo harimo umwanya wo gutegereza ko umwana agira ibiro bikwiye niba atari yavukanye ibishyitse, muganga w’abana akemeza ko arimo akura neza.

Impamvu icyo cyiciro cy’abana bafite munsi y’amezi atandatu ari cyo cyiza cyane, ni uko ububabare buba bucyeya, ariko no gukira bikihuta cyane, kuko umubiri uba ukura vuba.

hejuru y’amezi atandatu ububabare ngo buriyongera kuko umwana aba yatangiye gufata imfashabere, inkari zikiyongeramo aside yakwihagarika zikamubabaza, mu gihe inkari z’amashereka gusa, zitaryana cyane.

Ikindi cyiciro ni ukuva ku myaka itanu kugeza ku myaka cumi n’ibiri (5-12), nk’uko Muganga Mukandahiro abisobanura, abo baba bakiri mu gihe cyo gukura vuba, bagakira vuba ni ukuvuga mu minsi itandatu (6), ariko bo bagira ikibazo cyo gutonekara kenshi.

Buriya ngo uko abana bagenda bakura imisemburo yabo ikura, baba bishimira kurya, kunywa no kwitabwaho, n’inshuro ibitsina byabo bihaguruka ziriyongera, kandi uko bihagurutse barababara mu gihe cyose batarakira neza.

Uretse ibyo byiciro by’abana, n’abandi bari mu myaka itandukanye 20,30,40, kuzamura kugeza muri 70 bose bari mu bakiriya Mukandahiro yakira akabaha iyo serivisi kandi bagakira nubwo iminsi yo gukira igenda yiyongera, bijyanye n’icyiciro cy’imyaka umuntu arimo.

Kugeza ubu, umukiriya ufite imyaka myinshi yakiriye yari afite imyaka 83. Ntabwo gukorera umuntu ungana atyo ari ukumushyira mu bibazo kubera ko uruhu rwe rutagikura, ahubwo ngo biba ari uburyo bwo kumufasha cyangwa se kumurinda.

Avuga ko hari igihe muganga aba yarabwiye umurwayi ko afite ibimenyetso bya kanseri ifata mu myanya y’imyororokere y’abagabo, bityo gusiramurwa bikagira icyo bifasha kuri we. Gukira k’umuntu uri muri iyo myaka, ngo biratinda ariko arakira iyo adafite izindi ndwara nka Diyabete.

Ku muntu wasiramuwe, ‘iyo igitsina gihagurutse...’

Yagize ati,” Abari mu bindi byiciro by’imyaka ndabakira nkabakorera kandi barakira. Wenda ku bageze hejuru y’imyaka 40 kuko baba bageze mu gihe amaserire y’uruhu rwabo atagikura cyane, gukira kwabo bifata akanya ariko barakira. Ubundi gukira kw’abari muri icyo cyiciro ni iminsi 10, hanyuma ikaba yakwiyongera bitewe n’uko uruhu rwe ruteye, ariko n’imyitwarire aba yagize kuko ubwonko bwe buba bukora, aba agomba kubwira umubiri ko hari aho afite ikibazo, bisaba kugira kwitwararika."

Yongeraho ati "Iyo hagize ibintu biza mu mutwe, igitsina kigahaguruka indodo ziracika hakava. Nubwo guhaguruka kw’igitsina byizana, ariko umubiri wacu ucometse ku bwonko ntabwo ucometse ku mashanyarazi. Yego ntikabura, karaza ariko ntikamuganze. Iyo umuntu atitwaye neza, uko guhaguruka kw’igitsina kukamara akanya indodo zigacika akava, aragaruka tukamuha imiti agakira, ariko ntitwongera kumudoda. Buriya umubiri hari ukuntu Imana yawuremye, ni ikintu gihita kiteranya vuba”.

Ku barwaye diyabete, nabo bakorerwa iyo serivisi, ariko hakazamo kwitwararika, byihariye, kubera ko bishobora gufata igihe, ariko ngo barakira, nk’uko n’iyo bagize ibindi bikomerere ku mubiri bakira.

Mukandahiro ati,” Abarwaye diyabete turabafasha kandi barakira, ariko arakubwira mbere, ko ayifite ikibazo, ukamubwira uti muri ibi bihe bimeze gutya, uragerageza gufata ‘regime’ (kugenzura ibyo kurya no kunywa),uranywa imiti neza, ubundi ugafata n’ibipimo bya diyabete mukareba, iyo biri hejuru, mubanza gutegereza bikamanuka”.

Mukandahiro avuga ko, bijyanye n’uko gusiramurwa cyangwa se gukebwa bitari bimenyerewe cyane mu muco w’Abanyarwanda, hari abantu benshi bari mu byiciro by’imyaka mikuru batarabikorerwa, ariko ubu bakaba bagenda babikoresha uko igihe kigenda gitambuka.

Yagize ati,” Ngitangira gukora iki gikorwa, nabonaga hari umubare munini cyane w’abakeneye iyi serivisi, kandi icyo gihe abenshi bari abantu bakuru. Kandi nkabona ko bagenzi banjye bo babitinye cyane, kandi nkabona ni iterambere, ni ubuvuzi burimo kwaguka. Navuga ko ari umuhamagaro nari mfite, nkavuga nti none se twese twabireka? Kuki se ntabikora kandi nkanabikora neza”?

Abagabo baza bafite isoni arabanza akabaganiriza

Mukandahiro avuga ko atajya aterwa ikibazo no kuba ari umugore ukorera abagabo ubuvuzi nk’ubwo bwihariye. Ahubwo ashima Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame wahaye umugore ijambo, akamuha n’uburyo ndetse n’umwanya wo kugaragaza impano n’ibyo ashoboye gukora.

Bamwe mu bagabo baza kureba Mukandahiro ngo abasiramure, ariko bahagera bakamwereka ko batewe ipfunwe no kuba agiye kureba ubwambure bwabo. Icyo gihe, ngo icya mbere akora ni ukuganira nabo, abaha n’ingero, iryo pfunwe rigashira bagahabwa serivisi baje gusaba batuje.

Yagize ati,” Abagabo nakira, akenshi umwe aza yararangiwe n’undi, kuko bararangirana, akaza azi umwakira uwo ari we. Mbere yo gutangira gukorera umukiriya wanjye rero turabanza tukaganira, akambona nka muganga ugiye kumufasha, ntambonemo icyo kuba ndi umugore. Iyo agize isoni ndamubwira nti uri mukuru. Ese umugore wawe ntashobora kwivuza ku muganga w’abagore (gynecologist) ariko w’umugabo? Aho akumva ko niba umugore we ashobora kujya kwivuza ku muganga w’umugabo, ari kimwe n’uko nawe yaje kundeba nubwo ndi umugore, ibyo bikamurinda ipfunwe”.

Yagize ati,” Icya mbere ni uko gusiramurwa bifasha mu isuku, bikagabanya n’ibyago byo kwandura zimwe mu ndwara zandurira mu myanya ndangagitsina, urugero nka SIDA. Kwisiramuza bigabanya ibyago byo kuyandura ku ijanisha rya 60%. Ku bijyanye n’isuku, umuntu utarisiramuje ntiyoga neza ngo abe acyeye, kuko uruhu rurapfuka ntiyoge neza.Hari nubwo arusubiza inyuma ngo yoge neza bikamubabaza, cyangwa se yarusubiza inyuma hakaba hajyamo isabune ‘hagapyoka’ (gukomereka gahoro ku ruhu), hari n’ikindi kibazo cyo kugira za ‘infections’ gikunze kuba kuri abo batasiramuwe imyanda igakomeza kwibika muri urwo ruhu…”.

Mukandahiro avuga ko mu kwezi akorera abakiriya bari hagati ya 80-100, kandi ngo imibare y’abasaba iyo serivisi irazamuka, cyane cyane abakuru bitewe n’ubukangurambaga butandukanye.

Hari n’igihe umugore yaba atwite, ariko agahora yivuza ‘infections’ zitarangira. Iyo barebye izindi mpamvu zose zishobora kubitera bagasanga atari zo, hanyuma mu biganiro na muganga bikagaragara ko ari uko umugabo adasiramuwe, icyo gihe bashobora kumusobanurira, akaba yabikoresha, kugira ngo umugore we ashobore gukira, bityo n’ubuzima bw’umwana uri mu nda bugakomeze kugenda neza.

Uhuru Kenyatta

Umusenateri uturuka mu gace ka Nandi, witwa Samson Cherargei, ni we wagejeje uwo mushinga muri Sena, ugamije kwambura Uhuru Kenyatta, uburenganzira n’inyungu zitandukanye yagenerwaga nka Perezida wacyuye igihe. Impamvu uwo musenateri yatanze, ni uko Uhuru Kenyatta, adakwiye gukomeza guhabwa ibyo bigenerwa Umukuru w’igihugu ucyuye igihe, kandi we akirimo akora ibikorwa bitandukanye muri Politiki, nk’uko byatangajwe n’Ikinyamakuru The Citizen cyo muri Kenya.

Uwo mushinga, biteganyijwe ko uzaganirwaho mu minsi ya vuba muri uku kwezi kwa Gicurasi 2026, wagejejwe muri Sena ku wa Mbere tariki 4 Gicurasi 2026, nyuma y’iminsi micyeya Uhuru Kenyatta agejeje imbwirwaruhame ku bayoboke b’ishyaka rye Jubilee ahitwa i Narok anyujije kuri telefoni, aho yanengaga Perezida wa Kenya William Ruto, ko yagerageje kumufunga umunwa no kumubuza kuvuga.

Senateri Cherargei yavuze ko Uhuru wahoze ari Perezida wa Kenya, adashobora gukomeza guhabwa ibigenerwa abari mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, mu gihe yakomeje kuba umuyobozi w’ishyaka rya Jubilee mu myaka isaga itatu nyuma yo kuva ku butegetsi.

Senateri Samson Cherargei yagize ati, “ (Uhuru Kenyatta) aracyari umuyobozi w’ishyaka rya Jubilee… muri iyo mbwirwaruhame ye yo kuri telefoni, yanavuzemo ko ashaka gukomeza kuba ‘muzima’ mu bijyanye na politiki”.

Yakomeje agira ati, “ Igihano gishoboka wamuha, ni ukumukuriraho ayo mafaranga yahabwaga, agashyirwa ku ruhande, agakoreshwa mu bindi bibazo dufite tugomba gukemura muri iki gihugu”.

Nubwo bimeze bityo, abayobozi n’abanyamuryango b’ishyaka rya Jubilee bamaganye icyo gitekerezo cy’uwo musenateri, bashimangira ko Uhuru Kenyatta afite uburenganzira ahabwa n’itegeko nshinga, bwo kugaragaza ibitekerezo bye.

Umuyobozi w’ishyaka rya Jubilee, Fred Matiang’i, we yavuze ko uko Leta yafashe icyo kiganiro cya Kenyatta mu ishyaka rye, harimo kurengera cyane no gukabya.

Yagize ati, “ Perezida ucyuye igihe (Uhuru), yahamagaye kuri telefoni inshuro imwe gusa, ariko Guverinoma yamaze iminsi yose y’impera z’icyumweru (weekend) ibivugaho. Aba ni bantu ki koko?”

Umunyamabanga mukuru w’ishyaka rya Jubilee, Moitalel Ole Kenta, na we yashimangiye ko ibigenerwa abahoze ari abakuru b’igihugu muri Kenya, atari impano cyangwa se imfashanyo ishobora gukurwaho igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.

Yagize ati, “ Ibigenerwa abahoze ari abakuru b’igihugu bari mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, ntabwo ari impano yahagarikwa gutyo gusa. Ndashaka gusaba Perezida William Ruto ngo yigaragaze ubwe avuge kuri iki kibazo, aho kugira ngo akoreshe abandi bantu ku ruhande”.

Ibirori by’isabukuru yabo , birizihirizwa iwabo mu rugo mu ituze ryinshi, bari kumwe n’ababyeyi babo babakunda cyane, ari bo Halima Cissé na Abdelkader Arby, ndetse na mukuru wabo Arby (umukobwa) w’imyaka irindwi.

Amafoto meza kandi ya vuba abo ababyeyi basangije ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, agaragaza ko abana bakuze cyane kandi bameze neza.

Hari aho bafotowe bari hamwe bose cyangwa se ahandi bagabanyijemo amatsinda abahungu bari ukwabo, n’abakobwa ubwabo. Bagaragara bambaye imyenda isa, kandi imico cyangwa imiterere yabo itandukanye igaragarira muri ayo mafoto.

Mu mafoto amwe, Halima agaragara yishimye cyane afashe icyemezo cy’agahigo ka ‘Guinness World Records’ cy’umuryango wabo. Nk’umubyeyi w’abana 10 beza, kandi rwose afite byinshi byo kwishimira.

Yagize ati: “Abana bameze neza cyane, Alhamdulillah. Ni bazima, bafite imbaraga kandi barishimye. Bakomeje gukura neza, kandi turabishimira Imana cyane.”

Yongeyeho ati: “Vuba aha baratangira ishuri, iyo ikaba ari intambwe ikomeye kandi ishimishije kuri bo. Nk’ababyeyi, turashaka kwita cyane ku myigire yabo kandi tugaharanira ko bakomeza kwishimira no kuryoherwa n’ubwana bwabo. Iyi ntambwe nshya ni impinduka ikomeye ku muryango.”

Abantu bose bafite abavandimwe, bazi ko rimwe na rimwe kugirana umubano mwiza bitaborohera, kubera kutumvikana ku bintu bimwe na bimwe. Noneho tekereza gusangira ibikinisho n’urukundo rw’ababyeyi, muri abavandimwe bangana gutya, bavukiye rimwe!

Ariko Halima w’imyaka 30, we avuga ko abo bana be bakundana cyane hagati yabo ndetse bakanakunda mukuru wabo.

Yagize ati: “Abana babana neza cyane hagati yabo ndetse na mukuru wabo. Bafitanye ubumwe bukomeye kandi bamara igihe kinini bakina hamwe. Nk’abandi bana bose, rimwe na rimwe bagirana utuntu duto two kutumvikana, ariko muri rusange bashyira hamwe kandi batanaho cyane.”

Yongeyeho ati: “Buri mwana afite imico ye yihariye. Hari abafite imbaraga nyinshi kandi bagaragaza ibyiyumvo cyane, abandi bakaba batuje kandi bakunda kureba no kwitegereza ibintu mbere yo kubivugaho. Biratangaje kubona uko batandukanye ariko bagakomeza kuba umwe.”

Abo bana icyenda bavukiye muri Maroc ku wa 4 Gicurasi 2021, bahamara amezi 19 mbere yo gusubira iwabo muri Mali. Mu ntangiriro, abaganga batekerezaga ko Halima atwite abana barindwi (7), ariko nyuma yo kujyanwa na Abdelkader muri Maroc kuvurirwa ku ivuriro ryihariye, basanze atwite abana icyenda(9).

Abo bana bavutse batarageza igihe (premature), bavuka nyina abazwe(C-section) ku byumweru 30 by’inda, mu gihe ubusanzwe inda imara ibyumweru 40 kugira ngo ibe igejeje igihe cyo kuvuka. Buri mwana yavukanye ibiro biri hagati ya 0.5 na 1 kg.

Ivuka ryabo ryavuzwe cyane mu binyamakuru byo hirya no hino ku isi, kandi abantu benshi bakomeje gukurikirana inkuru yabo uko bakura n’uko imibereho yabo imeze muri rusange.

Abo bana kandi, basangiye agahigo n’abandi bana bavukiye rimwe ari icyenda bavutse kuri Geraldine Brodrick wo muri Australia mu 1971, gusa ikibabaje cyane, ni uko muri abo bana bose ntawashoboye gukomeza kubaho, barapfuye bakiri impinja.

Halima yagize ati: “Turashaka kugaragaza ko twishimira kuba duhagararira igihugu cya Mali na Afurika. Ni icyubahiro gikomeye ku muryango wacu, kandi turashima inkunga dukomeje kubona ituruka hirya no hino ku isi.”

Avuga ko mu bintu abantu batamuziho harimo kuba agira isoni kandi akunda gusenga nubwo hari abibwira ko abantu b’ibyamamare badakunze kujya mu nsengero.

Yagize ati,” Ikintu abantu benshi batanziho, ntabwo bazi ko ngira isoni, ariko ngira isoni nyinshi cyane. Icya kabiri abantu batanziho, hari ukuntu bazi ngo abantu baba muri sinema cyangwa se n’abahanzi muri rusange, ngo ntabwo bakunda gusenga. Hari igihe mpura n’umuntu ku rusengero mu minsi isanzwe yaba ku wa gatatu cyangwa se ku wa kane cyangwa se no ku Cyumweru, umuntu akakubaza ngo namwe ibi bintu mujya mubizamo?ntabwo bazi ko nkunda gusenga, ariko njyewe ndabikunda cyane…”

Mu bakinnyi akunda gukinana nabo, harimo Digidigi na Tesi cyangwa se Gatesi Kayonga Divine ndetse na Rugaba, kuko iyo bakinana aba yumva ameze neza, akumva biragenda neza kuko ngo bahuza, bakuzuzanya mbese bigahura filimi ikagenda neza.

Bimwe mu bintu byamugoye gukina cyangwa se ‘role’, yahawe akayikina ariko imugoye, ni iyo yakinnye yambaye ikanzu y’abageni arimo abwira abantu ko nubwo batari babyiteze, ariko birangiye akoze ubukwe. Ati” Ndarongowe,…iriya yarangoye cyane kuko byasabaga kwigira nk’umusazi, kandi haba hari abantu benshi rimwe na rimwe ukumva ufite isoni …”.

Avuga ko nubwo ibintu yahawe gukina bikamuvuna ari byinshi, ariko harimo n’igihe yakinnye ari umugeni wasabwe, maze Papa Sava n’abasaza baramwimana maze ngo arasohoka arabatukagura bose.

Indi ni iyo yahawe gukina aniga Pasiteri wari wanze kumusezeranya ngo ni uko abageni bakererewe kugera ku rusengero. Ati, “ Nanjye hari ubwo birangira nkibaza nti kuniga Pasiteri, ugatangira kubizana mu buzima busanzwe nk’abafana!”.

Madederi yemeza ko nta ‘role’ n’imwe kugeza ubu arahabwa gukina ngo ayange kuko abona atayishobora, cyangwa se avuga ko yaba imugayishije, zose yagiye ahabwa yazikinaga nubwo zamugora.

Burya kandi, ngo muri filimi akina hari ubwo ahura n’ibibazo by’abantu bakoresha nabi imbuga nkoranyambaga, cyane cyane abahimba inkuru z’ibihuha bakazivuga nk’aho ari ukuri.

Yagize ati,” Hari inkuru bigeze guhimba y’igihuha, ngo hari umusore twakundanye ampa inzu ya etaje ngo narayitwaye, ndabyuka ndabibona babitangaje, abantu benshi barimo kubinyoherereza, inzu ngo iri i Bugesera, nkavuga nti ko nicaye mu Gatenga- Kicukiro, ndyamye i Bugesera muri etaje ntazi? Iyo nkuru narayibonye ndibaza nti umuntu uba wazanye iyi nkuru aba yayitekerejeho …?”

Madederi avuga ko akunda abana ku buryo abaye atari muri filimi cyangwa se ibijyanye n’ubwubatsi akora, yahita ashinga irerero ry’abana bato kugeza ku myaka itatu, akajya yirirwa abitaho kuko byamubera byiza.

Madederi avuga ko kuba ari icyamamare hari aho bimubera byiza kuko hari igihe ibindi akora bigenda neza cyane, kubera ko azwi n’abantu benshi, abakiriya bagaturuka mu bafana, ariko hakaba n’aho bibangama kuko ngo hari nk’ubwo imvura igwa yari agiye ahantu ari kuri moto, akajya kugama kuri sitasiyo nk’abandi, ugasanga bamwe barabaza ngo ‘aba nabo bajya batega moto ‘? Kuri we ahita yibaza niba we atabyemerewe!

Iyo Madederi atari mu kazi, akunda kuruhuka yumva indirimbo z’Imana no gusoma ibitabo, agasoma inkuru zitandukanye.

Minisitiri w’Abakozi ba Leta n’Umurimo, Amb. Christine Nkulikiyinka

Mu cyumweru gishize, muri uku kwezi kwa Mata 2026, nibwo habayeho ivugurura mu Itegeko n° 017/2020 ryo ku wa. 07/10/2020 rishyiraho sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, bigaragara ko ari impinduka ntoya yakozwe muri iryo tegeko, ariko ifite ingaruka zikomeye.

Iryo vugururwa ryakozwe ryibanze cyane ku cyitwa ‘sitati yihariye’(special status), ubwo ni uburyo bwari bwashyizweho bugamije guha inzego zimwe na zimwe za Leta ubwisanzure mu micungire y’imirimo yazo. Gusa,uko imyaka yagiye ihita, ubwo bwisanzure bwatangiye kurenga urugero.

Ubusanzwe, ibigo cyangwa se inzego zikora inshingano zisaba ubuhanga bwihariye, nk’izikora imirimo ya tekiniki cyangwa igenzura, zashoboraga gusaba iyo sitati yihariye. Ibyo byazifashaga guhindura uburyo bw’imikorere ya ‘system’ y’ikigo runaka, harimo uburyo bwo gushaka abakozi, kubazamura mu ntera, imyitwarire n’ibihano, amahugurwa, ubutumwa bw’akazi, n’ikiruhuko cy’izabukuru.

Mu by’ukuri, igitekerezo cyari kijyanye n’iyo gahunda cyari cyoroshye kandi cyumvikana, kuko imirimo yose ya Leta si imwe, kandi hari imirimo isaba uburyo bwihariye bwo kuyicunga. Muri urwo hari inzego nyinshi zikora mu bwisanzure bujyana n’iyo sitati yihariye harimo nk’ikigo cy’imisoro n’amahoro(RRA), Urwego rw’Igihugu cy’iterambere (RDB), Urwego rw’igihugu rw’itangazamukuru (RBA), Urwego rw’igihugu rw’ubwiteganyirize (RSSB), n’izindi nyinshi.

Gusa, itegeko ryo mu 2020 ryari ryasize icyuho mu bisobanuro ku byerekeye sitati yihariye, ibyo bigaha urwaho abayobozi b’inzego zimwe na zimwe zigengwa nayo, rwo kuyisobanura ku buryo butandukanye. Ibikorwa, inzego zimwe zatangiye gukoreshamo ubwo bwisanzure zihabwa na sitati yihariye, si mu micungire y’abakozi gusa, ahubwo harimo no mu kubaha inyungu cyangwa ibyo bagenewe bindi ku buryo butandukanye.

Urugero rworoshye, rw’uko icyo cyuho mu itegeko cyakoraga, ni uko hari umukozi wa Leta usanzwe ahembwa umushahara wagenwe hashingiwe kuri sitati rusange igenga abakozi ba Leta, Ikigo runaka kitwaje ko hari ibyo kimukeneyeho mu rwego rwa tekiniki, cyamwongereragaho izindi nyungu cyangwa se amafaranga ‘additional allowances’ kikabikora kishingikirije kuri ya sitati yihariye gifite. Nubwo izo nyungu uwo mukozi ahabwa zitaza zitwa umushahara, ariko zongera igihembo ahabwa nk’umukozi. Ibyo bitumaga mu gihe runaka, habaho itandukaniro rikomeye mu nzego za Leta, aho bamwe bahembwaga byinshi cyane kurusha abandi, kandi bafite inshingano zisa.

Iryo vugururwa ry’itegeko ryakozwe, ryashyizeho umurongo usobanutse ku byo inzego cyangwa se ibigo bifite iyo sitati yihariye bishobora gukora n’ibitemewe.

Mu itegeko rivuguruye, sitati yihariye ikoreshwa gusa mu bijyanye no abakozi bashyirwa mu kazi, uko bazamurwa mu ntera, uko imyitwarire n’ibihano bicungwa, amahugurwa n’uko imirimo itegurwa, ariko ibijyanye n’imishahara n’izindi nyungu ku bakozi ntibiri kuri urwo rutonde rw’ibyemewe.

Ibyo bisobanuro byatanzwe mu itegeko rivuguruye, bikuraho amahirwe ayo ari yo yose yo gushyiraho uburyo bwihariye bwo guhemba abakozi hashingiwe kuri iyo sitati yihariye“special status”.

Itegeko rivuguruye, aho guhagarika cyangwa kubuza inzego gushyiraho imishahara yazo, mu buryo butaziguye, ryahisemo indi nzira yoroshye, yo gukura imishahara n’izindi nyungu mu byo izo nzego zigengwa na sitati yihariye zemerewe gukora.

Ibyo bisobanuye ko imishahara n’inyungu zindi zigenerwa abakozi, bizakomeza kugenwa n’inzego zibishinzwe, harimo Komisiyo ishinzwe abakozi ba Leta na Minisiteri y’abakozi ba Leta n’umurimo.

Ku ruhande rumwe, iryo vugurira ry’itageko, rizanye uburinganire mu bakozi ba Leta, kuko igenwa ry’imishahara rizajya rituma abakozi bakora akazi kamwe, bahembwa kimwe, bityo bigabanye itandukaniro mu nzego za Leta.

Ku rundi ruhande, bizafasha mu micungire myiza y’abakozi ba Leta. Iyo inzego zitandukanye zihawe uburenganzira bwo kugena imishahara ubwazo, bishobora gutera ikimeze nk’ihangana mu gushaka abakozi, aho inzego zifite ubushobozi bwinshi zikurura abahanga mu bakozi zikabajyana, izifite ubushobozi bucyeya zikagira ikibazo. Itegeko ryavuguruwe hagamije kurwanya icyo kibazo.

Icyo ivugurura ry’itegeko rihindura ku bakozi ba Leta

Ku bakozi benshi ba Leta, ingaruka z’ako kanya ni nkeya. Imishahara n’inyungu zabo ntibyahindutse. Impinduka iryo tegeko rizanye, ireba imiterere y’imicungire y’abakozi, ntacyo ihundura ku buzima bwa buri munsi bw’umukozi wa Leta.

Ariko ku nzego zari zisanzwe zikoresha cyangwa zifuzaga kuzakoresha iyo sitati yihariye mu kongera imishahara cyangwa se inyungu zihabwa abakozi, ubu ubwo buryo bwafunzwe.

Abayobora izo nzego, baracyafite uburenganzira bwo gutanga akazi mu buryo bwihariye, kuzamura abakozi mu ntera mu buryo bwabo no kubaha amahugurwa atandukanye. Ariko ntibemerewe kubaha imishahara itandukanye.

Gusa, itegeko rivuguruye na ryo ryasize ikibazo kimwe kidafite igisubizo gihamye, cyo kwibaza ngo ni gute inzego za Leta zizajya zikurura abakozi bafite ubumenyi buhanitse mu bintu runaka, mu gihe nta burenganzira bwo kugena imishahara zihabwa?

Icyo kibazo gishobora kugaragara cyane mu nzego zisaba ubumenyi budasanzwe kandi buhatanirwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Kugeza ubu, Leta yagaragaje neza aho ihagaze, ubwisanzure bugira aho bugarukira.

Umwe mu bakozi b’ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Imisoro n’Amahoro (RRA) witwa Kanimba yarahagurutse abaza ikibazo cyumvikanamo ukuri ariko kinyuranye n’imvugo zisanzwe, akibaza umuvugizi w’igisirikare cy’u Rwanda(RDF), Brig. Gen. Ronald Rwivanga.

Yagize ati: “Maze kubona ubutumwa bwinshi buturuka mu bihugu by’Iburengerazuba, bisaba u Rwanda gukuraho ‘ingamba z’ubwirinzi’… ariko ndibaza, ese Igihugu cyasiga imipaka yacyo ifunguye nta buryo bwo kwirinda gifite? Birashoboka?”

Abari muri icyo cyumba cyaberagamo ibiganiro, bose barasetse, bitewe n’uko bazi neza uko ibintu bihagaze. Ndetse na Gen Rwivanga ntiyabashije kwifata na we yarasetse, ahita amusaba atebya, ko yazamubariza icyo kibazo rwose.

Byari nk’ibyoroheje, ariko bikora ku kuri gukomeye guhari. Kuki isi isaba u Rwanda kugabanya ubwirinzi mu gihe ibyahungabanya umutekano ku mupaka byiyongera kandi bigaragara neza? Kugira ngo dusobanukirwe neza iki kibazo, tugomba kubanza kureba icyo “ingamba z’ubwirinzi ” zisobanura mu buzima busanzwe. Ku mudipolomate uri i Washington cyangwa i Brussels, ni amagambo ashyirwa mu nyandiko gusa. Ariko ku muturage w’i Rubavu cyangwa i Musanze, bisobanura itandukaniro riri hagati yo kuryama agasinzira mu ituze no kubyukira ku rusaku rw’ibisasu bikomeye.

Izo ngamba zirimo kohereza ingabo mu bice bitandukanye no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, harimo nk’intwaro zifata ibisasu byoherezwa ku butaka bw’u Rwanda zikabizimya mbere y’uko bigera aho byangiza.

Mu bihe bishize, humvikanye urusaku rwinshi rw’ibisasu, ariko ingaruka ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda zari nke cyane. Si amahirwe yabayeho, ahubwo ni ubwirinzi bwateguwe neza na RDF. Iyo izo ngamba zo kwirinda zitabaho, imigambi yo “kurimbura u Rwanda” yavugwaga n’abari bashyize intwaro nyinshi i Goma yari kuba yaragezweho ikaba impamo.

Twabonye intwaro nyinshi ziremereye zishyizwe ku mupaka hafi y’u Rwanda. Twumvise na Perezida wa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo avuga ko bafite ubushobozi bwo ‘kurasa Kigali’ bari i Kinshasa. Muri ibyo bihe bimeze bityo, gusaba igihugu kugabanya ubwirinzi si ugushaka amahoro, ahubwo ni ugusaba ko kijya mu kaga.

Isi ikunze kureba Repubulika ya Demokarasi Congo mu buryo busa n’ububogamiye ku ruhande rumwe. Twumva ubuyobozi bwaho butanga ubutunzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro ku bindi bihugu, ariko ntibugire icyo buvuga ku bwicanyi bukorerwa Abanyekongo bavuga Ikinyarwanda.

Hari imitwe yitwaza intwaro irenga 130 ikorera mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo, ariko aho kwibanda ku mizi y’ikibazo gihari, amaso ahora ahanzwe u Rwanda. Ikibazo ni ukwibaza ngo kuki buri gihe u Rwanda ari rwo rushyirwa mu majwi?

Ibyo nabitekerejeho no mu gihe narimo ntembera muri Pariki y’ibidukikije ya Nyandungu, ahantu hagaragaza u Rwanda rushya, rufite isuku kandi rutekanye. Aho nahahuriye n’umunyapolitiki w’inararibonye, akaba n’inshuti yanjye, nigeze kugirana na we ikiganiro nkiri umunyamakuru wandika, na we arimo atembera muri Pariki, mpita mfatirana mubaza impamvu ya za raporo mpuzamahanga zivuga nabi u Rwanda, ambwira inkomoko y’icyo kibazo. Yasobanuye ko byatangiye mu 1994, ubwo FPR yahagarikaga Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Icyo gihe, igihugu cyari cyarasenyutse. Ariko ubuyobozi bushya bwafashe icyemezo cyo gusaba imiryango mpuzamahanga gukorera mu murongo uhuye n’inyungu z’igihugu. Bamwe ntibabyakiriye neza, bimukira muri Congo aho hubatswe ubucuruzi bushingiye ku nkambi z’impunzi zari zinacumbitsemo imitwe nka FDLR.

Mu gihe u Rwanda rwafataga icyemezo cyo gucyura impunzi mu gihugu no gusenya izo nkambi, byagize ingaruka ku nyungu z’iyo miryango mpuzamahanga na ba nyirayo, bityo rero amakimbirane arakomeza. Uyu munsi, ikibazo nyamukuru ni umutekano. Ese u Rwanda rwafungura imipaka rukareka ubwirinzi? Igisubizo ni “Oya.”

Hari iterabwoba rikomeje kubaho, intwaro ziri ku mupaka, imvugo z’urwango, n’ibitero bishobora kubaho. Kureka ubwirinzi byaba ari ugutesha agaciro amateka y’u Rwanda no gushyira abaturage mu kaga.Umutekano si ibintu by’inyongera, ni yo nkingi y’iterambere.

Perezida Paul Kagame yakomeje kubigarukaho kenshi, avuga ko umutekano w’u Rwanda atari ikintu cyo kuganirwaho mu bucuruzi cyangwa mu masezerano. Ku rubyiruko rw’u Rwanda n’abarebera hanze, isomo riroroshye, gusabwa kugabanya ubwirinzi, si buri gihe bisobanura amahoro, rimwe na rimwe bisobanura gushyirwa mu kaga. Iyo mvugo igaragaza kumva neza amateka y’igihugu no kwanga ko yazisubiramo.

Ikindi, izo ntabwo ari imvugo gusa, ahubwo ni inkingi zigenderwaho n’igihugu cyamenye ko amagambo yavuzwe n’Isi ngo ‘Ntibizongera ukundi’ akenshi abura ibikorwa byo kuyaherekeza. Ubwo rero u Rwanda rugomba gukora ku buryo rwizere ko, ‘Ntibizongera ukundi’(Never Again) aba impamo.

Ingamba z’ubwirinzi zifatwa nk’izibangamye ku bihugu byo mu Burengerazuba bw’Isi, ni zo zituma Abanyarwanda babaho mu ituze bagashobora kubaka ibikorwa nka Pariki ya Nyandungu, bakakira inama mpuzamahanga zitandukanye muri Kigali itekanye.

Rero nk’uko uwo munyapolitiki yabivuze, “ Ni ngombwa ko dukomeza kugarira amarembo yacu, no gukaza ingamba z’ubwirinzi, atari uko turi abashotoranyi, ahubwo kuko tuzi neza uko bigenda iyo urugi rutafunzwe”.

Yongeyeho ati, “ U Rwanda ni urw’Abanyarwanda, kandi abaturage b’u Rwanda banzuye ko batazongera kujya mu buriri ngo baryame basinzire basize inzu irangaye, mu gihe hari abantu bamaze imyaka isaga 30 inzozi zabo ari ukuza kuyisenya”.

Igisubizo umukozi wa RRA wabajije ikibazo yahawe ni ‘Oya’ ntibishoboka gusiga umuryango ufunguye. Mu gihe cyose hazaba hari ibyahungabanya umutekano w’Igihugu, kizakomeza kugarira kugira ngo gihorane amahoro.

Inkuru yanditswe mu Cyongereza kuri KT Press na Dan Ngabonziza, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Kigali Today, ishyirwa mu Kinyarwanda na Mediatrice Uwingabire.

Hazaganirwa kandi ku mbogamizi zaba zihari zikomeye zituma amakuru ahari adakoreshwa ku gihe mu gufata ibyemezo, n’icyo Leta irimo ikora kugira ngo izikemure. Ikindi ni ukureba uko u Rwanda rukomeza kunoza imicungire n’imikoranire myiza y’amasoko y’amakuru mu burezi.

Ibindi bizaganirwaho muri icyo kiganiro, harimo uko ibisubizo by’ikoranabuhanga byategurwa ku buryo bitanga amakuru afatika afasha abafata ibyemezo. Hari kandi kuganira ku mahirwe ahari yo gukoresha amakuru ku gihe mu kuzamura ireme ry’uburezi ku rwego rw’igihugu.

Mu bazaba bari mu Kiganiro, harimo umwarimu uzavuga uko amakuru akoreshwa ku rwego rw’ishuri mu gufasha imyigishirize n’imyigire. Azagaragaza imbogamizi abarimu bahura nazo mu gukusanya no gusobanukirwa amakuru. Hanyuma anasobanure uko abarimu bafashwa kurushaho kugira uruhare mu burezi bushingiye ku makuru.

Ikiganiro #EdTechMondays gikorwa ku bufatanye n’umuryango Mastercard Foundation hamwe n’Urwego rushinzwe Ikoranabuhanga mu Rugaga rw’Abikorera (Rwanda ICT Chamber). kizatambuka mu Kinyarwanda kuri KT Radio saa kumi n’ebyiri z’umugoroba kugeza saa moya (18h00-19h00), ndetse no ku muyoboro wa YouTube wa Kigali Today.

Ukwezi kwa buki ku bashyingiranywe cyangwa se abageni bakimara gukora ubukwe, mu mateka ya cyera, wari umugenzo wakorwaga i Babiloni ( ubu ni muri Irak), mu myaka 4000 ishize, aho Se w’umugeni yahaga umukwe we inzoga y’ubuki (hydromel) mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe (iminsi 29) nyuma y’ubukwe, kugira ngo ifashe mu kongera uburumbuke n’amahirwe yo kuzabona urubyaro, ariko no kwifuriza ubuzima bwiza urwo rugo rushya.

Mu Budage ho, ukwezi kwa buki kwasobanuraga igihe cy’ibyishimo n’urukundo bikomeye bikurikira ubukwe, ariko naho abashakanye banywaga ikinyobwa gikozwe mu buki (hydromel) mu gihe cy’ukwezi kumwe kugira ngo bibafashe kubona urubyaro no kugira amahirwe n’umunezero.

Mu Bwongereza, ijambo ukwezi kwa buki, ‘honeymoon’ ryatangiye gukoreshwa kuva mu 1546, risobanura mu buryo bw’ikigereranyo uburyoshe bw’ubuki, rikaba rishushanya ukwezi kwa mbere kw’ubukwe kuko kwafatwaga nk’igihe kiryoshye, cyuzuyemo urukundo rwinshi mbere y’uko rugenda rugabanuka, uko iminsi igenda ishira.

Uwo muco waje guhinduka, uvamo ikitwa ‘urugendo rw’abashakanye’ (bridal tour), aho abashyingiranywe, cyane cyane abo mu miryango ikomeye, bajyaga gusura inshuti n’imiryango itarabashije kwitabira ubukwe, bakagenda mu rwego rwo kubiyereka bakiri abageni rero kugira ngo bishimane.

Muri iki gihe, ukwezi kwa buki, akenshi ni urugendo abashyingiranywe bakora bakajya ahantu bateguye, rukaba urugendo rugamije kuruhuka no kwizihiza ubumwe bwabo n’ubuzima bushya batangiye, ariko uko kuruhuka bikabera kure, bahunze ubuzima busanzwe bahoragamo, akenshi kandi urwo rugendo ruhita rukorwa nyuma y’ubukwe.

Abashakanye bajya muri izo ngendo, usanga bahitamo ahantu heza bitewe n’ibyo bakunda, kuko amahitamo aba ari menshi, hari abahitamo kuruhukira ku mucanga ku mazi, gutembera mu misozi , cyangwa gusura ahantu ndangamateka n’umuco n’ibindi.

No muri iki gihe kujya muri izo ngendo z’ukwezi kwa buki, bisaba ubushobozi, kwishyura aho gucumbika, ibibatunga n’ibindi byinshi ku buryo bidakorwa n’abashakanye bose. Igihe abashakanye bamara muri urwo rugendo, biterwa n’ubushobozi bw’amafaranga bafite ariko n’umwanya, kuko iyo harimo abakora akazi bagendera ku minsi ya konji bafite. Gusa, igisobanuro cy’ukwezi kwa buki, ku bashakanye benshi gikomeza kuba, igihe cy’umunezero n’urukundo, gifasha abashakanye gukomeza gukomera ku mubano wabo nyuma y’ibyishimo by’ubukwe.

Mu Rwanda bihagaze bite?

Bamwe mu bageni ba hano mu Rwanda, bagiye muri urwo rugendo rw’ukwezi kwa buki bagize icyo bavuga kuri ibyo bihe ubundi bifatwa nk’ibidasanzwe, kubera ko iba ari intangiriro y’ubuzima bushya, bamwe bavuga ko uba ari umwanya mwiza wo kuruhuka koko, abandi bavuga ko bikunze ukwezi kwa buki kwajya kubaho abageni bamaze kubana nibura umwaka kuzamura, kuko byarushaho kugenda neza.

Iradukunda Ange ni umugore ubu ufite, imyaka 32 yashakanye n’umugabo we mu 2019, batuye mu Mujyi wa Kigali ariko icyo gihe bagiye mu kwezi kwa buki ku Kibuye, bagenda nyuma y’umunsi umwe ubukwe bwabo burangiye.

Bagiye mu buryo bwo kugira ngo baruhuke, bashire umunaniro ujyana no gutegura ubukwe, ariko banumva ari bwo bazabona ahantu hatuje baganirira neza. Gusa, uko Iradukunda yagiye yiteguye ko ukwezi kwa buki kuzagenda si ko yakubonye, byari bivanze.

Yagize ati,” Mpaguruka tujya muri ‘honeymoon’ numvaga ari nko kujya mu ijuru, numvaga umunezero wose ntigeze mbona muri iyi si, mbese umunezero wa mbere mu buzima koko!. Ariko ngezeyo ibyo natekerezaga sibyo nabonye, ku buryo njyewe numvaga iminsi twamaze aho twari twaragiye muri honeymoon yarabaye imfabusa. Sinari meze neza na gato, kuko nibwo nari ntangiye kurarana n’umugabo,rero no gufata amafunguro meza, babaga baduteguriye sinabishoboraga, n’ibyiza umugabo yari yateguye byo kujya gutembera mu bwato no kutwereka ibyiza bitandukanye mu Kivu, narabibonaga ariko ntibyinjire mu mutima ngo numve nezerewe, kuko nabaga numva mpangayitse, ntekereza ukuntu mu kanya dusubira mu cyumba kandi ubuzima bwo mu cyumba bwari bungoye pe!”

“ Ibyo bavuga ngo honeymoon ni umwanya wo kuruhuka, njyewe nararushye ahubwo ndashoberwa, ntangira kumusaba ko twataha tukajya mu rugo rwacu, kuko mu rugo ntabwo mugira umwanya munini muri mwenyine, haba haza abashyitsi, ujya guhaha mu isoko utegura, ku buryo kugumana muri babiri mwenyine biba gacye. Ku bwanjye iyaba byari ibishoboka, honeymoon yajya ibaho umuryango warabayeho, umugore amaze nko kubyara rimwe nibura, kuko hariya abantu baba bamaze kumenyana neza uko bishoboka, uba umaze kumenya uko uganira n’umuntu wawe, uba usigaye uzi uko umuvugisha kugira ngo akumve neza, mbese muba mumaze kugera ahantu heza”.

“ Ikintu cyonyine twakoze nakunze, ni uko twabonye umwanya wo kuganira ku mishinga yari afite ku hazaza h’urugo rwacu, ambwira aho akura amafaranga, nanjye mubwira ibyo ntunze atari azi mbere, mbese twaraganiriye birambuye, aranshimira ku byo yashakaga kunshimira nanjye ndamushimira…, ariko kubera ko ibyo numvaga no mu rugo twari kubihakorera, iyo tureka kujyayo rwose. Wenda tukajyayo nk’ubu tumaranye igihe tubana.Nk’ubu tuyigiyemo yagenda neza kurusha uko yagenze kiriya gihe”.

Umugabo wa Iradukunda we avuga ko ibyo yari yiteze muri uko kwezi kwa buki yabibonye harimo kuruhuka, kuganira n’umuntu akunda bari ahantu hatuje kure y’abandi bantu, gutegura uko bifuza ko urugo rwabo rwazamera n’ibindi byinshi. Gusa yemeza ko iminsi bari bateguye kumara muri uko kwezi kwa buki bayigabanyije bakamarayo micyeya kubera impamvu zitandukanye.

Yagize ati, “ Ubundi honeymoon numvaga ko ari ahantu ujyana n’umuntu ukunda, hatari ibindi bintu bikurangaza, nta za telefoni z’akazi ziguhamagara, noneho ukaba ufite umwanya uhagije wo kuganira n’umuntu uje mu buzima bwawe kandi ukunda, mukaruhuka, mukishimana n’uwawe, mukaganira ku cyerekezo cy’urugo rwanyu rushya,cyangwa se ubuzima bushya mutangiye. Nkanjye muri honeymoon nibwo twaganiriye ibintu byinshi, mubwira ibyo ntunze bimwe atari azi, nawe ambwira ibye, ibyo akora, uko ahembwa, ubwo tuganira byinshi tutari twaraganiriye mu gihe cya (fiancailles). Uko natekerezaga honeymoon mbere, nabonye atari ko yagenze 100%, kuko bimwe aba ari bishya, uhuye n’umuntu bwa mbere mugiye kubana nk’umugore, haba hari ibishya (experiences) bitangira kuza mu buzima bwawe,…iminsi twari twateguye kumarayo, twarayigabanyije. Umugore ni we wazanye igitekerezo ngo dutahe, ariko nanjye numva ntacyo bitwaye kuko numvaga iby’ingenzi byatujyanye byaragezweho…”.

Kutagira Honeymoon ni uguhomba - Jacky

Kamaliza Jacqueline (Jacky), we yagiye muri kwezi kwa buki ari kumwe n’umugabo we, bakimara gukora ubukwe mu 2018, bajya mu bihugu by’abarabu, mu Mujyi wa Dubai kubera ko ryari isezerano yari yaramuhaye bagikundana, amwemerera ko azamujyana muri honeymoon muri uwo Mujyi.Gusa ibyo yatekerezaga kubonayo ibyinshi yarabibonye ariko abangamirwa n’ubushyuhe bukabije bwari buhari bwatumaga yumvaga atajya hanze kandi gahunda bari bafite kwari ugusura ahantu henshi hashoboka harimo no mu butayu.

Yagize ati,” Ibyo nari niteze muri honeymoon mu buryo bw’imibanire ni byo nabonye, ariko igihugu twagiye kuyikoreramo nicyo cyantengushye. Hari hari ikirere kibi cyane pe, hashyushye cyane bikabije. Mpaguruka hano numvaga nzaba ndi nko mu ijuru, kuko numvaga ari nko kujya kuri ‘moon’ nyine, mbese ukava ku isi, ariko muri uwo Mujyi ninjiyemo ngira ngo ngiye mu kuzimu, hari mu kwezi kwa Munani hari hashyushye, kandi nari ntwite inda ntoya cyane, bashyiramo ubukonje nabwo nkumva ni bwinshi, nari mpapfiriye. Ubwo gutembera ahantu hose twashakaga kujya twarahagiye, nkagenda ndwana n’umwuka, ariko nkajyayo, umutima wari wishimye ariko umubiri ari wo urimo kwanga. Mu by’ukuri twarishimye. Muri taxi-voiture tugenda, ho habaga harimo umwuka mwiza, niho naruhukiraga. Uwagira ubushobozi wese yakora honeymoon, kuko ni nziza pe, wenda bakareka gusesagura amafaranga mu bindi mu bukwe, bakabona amafaranga yo kujya muri honeymoon, kuko ni igihe kiba gikenewe hagati y’abageni bakimara gushakana, bakagira umwanya wabo bombi,…”.

Mugenzi Athanase, we yashakanye n’umugore we mu 2017, batura i Kigali, ariko bajya mu kwezi kwa buki ku Gisenyi, ariko avuga ko ari ibishoboka buri wese yagira urwo rugendo rwo kujya mu kwa buki kure y’urugo.

Yagize ati,” Ni ikintu cyiza cyane, kuko muba muvuye mu bukwe mufite ka ‘stress’ aho rero karashira, mukaruhuka, mukagira umwanya wo kwishima n’uwo mwashakanye (enjoyment), ariko mukanaganira neza, mureba n’ibyiza biri aho mwagiye kuruhukira. Rwose ari ibishoboka abageni bose bajya bagira uriya mwanya…”.

Kimwe muri ibyo bikorwa, uguhumekera ku biryo by’umwana cyangwa se kubihuhaho umwuka wo mu kanwa kugira ngo bihore mbere yo kubimugaburira.

Abenshi mu babyeyi cyangwa se n’abandi bita ku bana, babikora batazi ko bishobora kwangiza ubuzima bwabo, kubera ko abana baba bagifite ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri butarakomera, kandi umwuka n’amacandwe bisohoka mu kanwa mu gihe umuntu arimo ahuha ku byo bishobora gusohokana na za bagiteri (bacteria) zanduza.

Uko guhuha ku byo kurya mu rwego rwo kubihoza, byakwangiza n’ubuzima bw’amenyo y’umwana mu gihe yatangiye kuyamera, kuko udukoko dutera kubora kw’amenyo (cavities) dushobora kwanduzwa bivuye ku muntu umwe bijya ku wundi. Niba ugaburira umwana afite amenyo yangiritse (cavities) hanyuma agahumekera ku biryo bye cyangwa se akabihuhamo ngo bihore vuba, haba hari ibyago byinshi ko utwo dukoko twava mu kanwa ke, tukajya, mu k’umwana, kandi utundi dukoko dusanzwe two mu kanwa (oral microbiome) tuba tutarakura ku rugero rushyitse.

Abana ntibavukana utwo dukoko twitwa ‘Streptococcus mutans’ dutera kubora kw’amenyo. Utwo dukoko dutera ikibazo iyo dusize aside ku bisigazwa by’ibiryo bisigara ku menyo. Iyo umwana ahuye na two, dutuma habaho ikintu cyitwa ‘plaque’, hanyuma bikaza kuvamo kubora kw’amenyo, ndetse n’iyo amenyo ataramera neza. Bishobora gufata amezi atanu kugeza kuri atandatu gusa kugira ngo utwo dukoko dutangire kwangiza amenyo. Byongeye kandi, amenyo y’umwana aba yoroshye cyane, ku buryo yakwibasirwa n’utwo dukoko no mu gihe agitangira kumera.

Nk’uko ubushakashatsi bwakorewe muri Australia bubigaragaza, abana bato benshi bakura utwo dukoko kuri ba nyina. Kenshi utwo dukoko dukwirakwira igihe ababyeyi basangiye amacandwe n’abana babo, nko guhumekera ku biryo byabo, gukoresha ikiyiko kimwe bagasangira cyangwa gusoma umwana ku munwa.

Inama abantu bagirwa yaba ababyeyi n’abandi bita ku bana, ni ukwirinda guhumekera ku biryo by’umwana, bakareka ibiryo bigahora bisanzwe, bihojejwe n’umwuka usanzwe. Ikindi ugukoresha ibikoresho byihariye mu kugaburira abana, kandi bakirinda gukoresha ikiyiko kimwe basangira ibyo kurya cyangwa se gusangira ibyo kunywa bakoresheje igikoresho kimwe.

Gusa, ingaruka zo guhuha mu byo kurya cyangwa se ibyo kunywa bishyushye, ngo ntizigera ku bana batoya gusa, kubera ko n’umuntu mukuru uhuha mu byo kurya bye bitamugwa neza.Nk’uko byatangajwe ku rubuga rwa ‘Times of India’, Guhumekera ku biryo bishyushye bishobora kugaragara nk’aho ntacyo bitwaye, ariko si ko bimeze, kuko siyanse isobanuro ko umwuka wa karuboni (CO₂) dusohora iyo duhumeka uvanga n’ubushyuhe n’amatembabuzi ari mu biryo, bikabyara aside ya karuboni (carbonic acid), ishobora kutaba nziza ku gifu.

Ibyo bishobora rero gutera ihungabana mu igogorwa ry’ibiryo, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite igifu cyoroshye cyangwa gihindukwa vuba. Ni yo mpamvu abantu bigirwa inama yo kudahumekera ku biryo cyangwa kubihuhamo, ahubwo bakabireka bigahora buhoro, mbere yo kubirya.

Umuyobozi w’uruganda rukora udukingirizo rwa Karex, Goh Miah Kiat yatangaje ko igiciro cyo kudukora cyazamutse hagati ya 20% na 30%, ndetse hakaba hari n’ibibazo bikomeye mu bijyanye no gutwara no kugeza ibicuruzwa aho bigenewe kujya.

Urwo ruganda rwa mbere ku isi rukora agakingirizo rwo muri Maleziya, ruvuga ko iyo ntambara yahungabanyije uburyo bwo kubonamo ibikoresho by’ibanze no gukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa ku isi.

Uruganda rwa Karex, ni uruganga rukomeye ku isi, kuko rukora agakingirizo kamwe muri dutanu dukoreshwa cyane ku isi (Durex), rwerekanye rero ibibazo biri ku bikoresho bibiri by’ingenzi mu ikorwa ry’udukingirizo ari byo ‘nitrile’ ikoreshwa cyane mu gukora udukingirizo tudafite ‘latex’ kugira ngo hirindwe ibibazo by’ubwivumbure bw’umubiri (allergies) n’amavuta ya silicone, byose bikomoka kuri peteroli, byazamutse cyane mu biciro.

Hari kandi ibiciro by’ibipfunyikwamo udukingirizo na byo byazamutse. Ikindi ngo ni ugutinda mu ikwirakwizwa ry’ibicuruzwa, kuko ubu imizigo ngo ifata igihe kikubye kabiri ugereranyije n’icyo yakoresheje mu Nyanja.

Impungenge zihari ubu, ni igihe ibyo biciro bizamara biri hejuru, cyane ko isoko ry’udukingirizo rikomeje kwiyongera, aho igurishwa ryatwo ryiyongera hagati ya 10% na 15% ku mwaka hakurikijwe uturere. Impamvu y’ubwo bwiyongere ikaba ishobora kuba, ngo ari ubukangurambaga bwiyongereye ku ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (IST) ndetse n’ingengo y’imari yiyongera mu buzima rusange .

Uruganda Karex rukora udukingirizo turenga miliyari 5 buri mwaka, rukanagemurira inganda zikomeye ku isi nka Durex na Trojan, ndetse no ku bigo by’ibihugu byita ku buzima.

Impamvu y’izamuka ry’ibikomoka kuri Peterori, ni uko kubigeza ku masoko atandukanye ku isi byarahungabanye cyane kuva Iran yafunga umuhora wa Hormuz no gukumira amato awunyuramo mu kwihimura ku bitero bya Amerika na Israel. Hafi kimwe cya gatanu cy’ibikomoka kuri peterori bigurishwa ku isi ndetse na gaz, bisanzwe binyura muri uwo muhora.

HAgati aho, Sosiyete yo mu Bwongereza yitwa Reckitt Benckiser, ari yo nyir’agakingirizo kazwi nka Durex, yatangaje ko izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli rishobora kuyongerera igihombo kigera kuri miliyoni 150 z’Amapawundi muri uyu mwaka (angana na miliyoni 173 z’ama-euro).

Iyi sosiyete yashyize hanze raporo y’igihembwe cya mbere cya 2026 ku wa gatatu, tariki ya 22 Mata. Yanavuze ko niba ibiciro by’ibikoresho fatizo bikomeje kuguma hejuru gutya, nta kabuza bizagera no ku baguzi b’udukingirizo, bakazishyura amafaranga menshi kurushaho.

Imirenge yose y’aka karere, uretse umwe, ikorerwamo ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro.

Kanyarwanda Innocent uyoboye ishyirahamwe ry’abakora ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro muri Muhanga, avuga ko hari ibigo cumi na kimwe byashoye imari muri uyu mushinga, byose bikaba bikoresha ikoranabuhanga rigezweho.

Ubwo KT Radiyo yegeraga Abanyamuhanga kuri uyu wa gatatu, Kanyarwanda yabaye umwe mu bitabiriye ibiganiro byayo.

Yagize ati ” Mu myaka itambutse twakoraga ubucukuzi bwo kwirwanaho, bijyanye n’imbaraga abantu bari bafite. Icyakora, dukurikije umuvuduko iterambere ry’Isi rigezeho, turimo turava mu mikorere gakondo twinjira mu bucukuzi bwa kijyambere."

Ibi babigeraho kubera gukorana n’abafatanyabikorwa, abashoramari barimo n’abanyamahanga.

Kuri ubu, Kanyarwanda avuga ko ikibazo basigaranye muri iri shoramari ari uko amabanki y’u Rwanda atarabumva neza ngo bizere umutungo kamere uri mu butaka maze babahe inguzanyo zibafasha gukora ibikorwa byabo.

Kanyarwanda agira ati "Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye gituma akenshi ubucukuzi busubira inyuma…ikibazo kiri mu mabanki, bavuga ko bakibyigaho”.

Ku bijyanye n’ibibazo by’ibirombe bijya bigwira abacukuzi, Kanyarwanda avuga ko ibyo bidakunze kubaho muri sosiyete zikora ubucukuzi mu buryo bwemewe zifite ibyangombwa, kuko bacukura bagenda bubakira imisozi nk’uburyo bwo kurinda abacukuzi. Gusa yemeza ko impanuka zijya zibaho nk’uko n’ahandi zibaho, ariko birinda ko zabaho biturutse ku burangare.

Yagize ati “Ku bijyanye rero n’imfu za hato na hato, mujya mubyumva, tugira ikibazo cy’abantu bacukura amabuye mu buryo butemewe. Umuntu ashobora kuva aha akarenga umusozi inyuma, akitwikira ijoro,akajya mu mukingo, akajya ahantu hadasobanutse, mu gihe runaka ukumva ngo ikirombe cyagwiriye umuntu ahasiga ubuzima,…ahakunze kugwa abo bantu kenshi, usanga ari muri bya birombe bikoreramo abadafite ibyangombwa.”

Kanyarwanda kandi yavuze ku kibazo bajya bahura nacyo mu gihe cyo gutanga ingurane ku baturage baba bafite imirima bikaza kumenyekana ko irimo amabuye y’agaciro agomba gucukurwa, maze ugasanga bifuza ingurane z’umurengera.

Yagize ati,” Ushobora gusanga hari aho tugiye gufata dushaka kuhakorera iyo mirimo, ari umurima usanzwe wagura nka 500.000 Frw ahandi, umuturage ntatinye kukubwira Miliyoni 30 z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda. Nubwo umuturage abikora kuko hari ikiri munsi y’ubutaka, ariko itegeko ribisobanura neza ko ikiri munsi y’ubutaka ari umutungo bwite wa Leta."

Kayigi Muhoza Robert (wambaye umupira w’amaboko magufi) na Munyurangabo Evode (wambaye ikote) bayoboye umuryango AGSF ugiwe n’abarokotse Jenoside ku Mayaga ya Ntongwe, bagarutse ku byaranze Jenoside muri ako gace

Kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 20 Mata 2026, ubwo bari kuri KT Radio, Munyurangabo Evode na Kayigi Muhoza Robert bayoboye umuryango AGSF ugiwe n’abarokotse jenoside ku Mayaga ya Ntongwe, bagarutse kuri bimwe mu byaranze jenoside muri ako gace, aho Abatutsi bishwe n’interahamwe z’aho ariko zifatanyije n’izindi zaturutse mu yindi Perefegitura ndetse n’abarundi bari bafite umwihariko wo kwica Abatutsi barangiza bamwe bakabakuramo imitima bakayotsa ku mbabura bakayirya.

Kayigi Muhoza Robert

Kayigi yagize ati, “ Jenoside yari yarateguwe, iyo ugeze iwacu ku Mayaga, hari icyo cyari cyaracukuwe(kiswe CND), umugambi ari ukugira ngo kizaborohereze gushyira mu bikorwa jenoside, abe ari ho bazajya bajya kwicira Abatutsi, no kubajugunyamo.Kuko ni icyobo kirekire gifite za metero nyinshi z’ubujyakuzimu, ku buryo n’iyo bajugunyamo umuntu ari muzima atavamo. Uretse n’icyo cyobo, mu gihugu hose habaye itotezwa no gufungwa, ndabyibuka nka Sogokuru yafunzwe mu byitso mu myaka yabanje, bivuze ko jenoside atari ukuvuga ngo ni iya 1994 gusa, ahubwo na mbere yahoo, kuko yagendaga ishyirwa mu bikorwa mu buryo butandukanye”.

Munyurangabo yavuze ko icyo cyobo cya CND cyari cyaracuwe n’uwitwaga Nsabimana Jacques bahimbaga ‘Pilato’ mu 1992, ariko mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, uwo Pilato, atera intebe hafi yacyo ku buryo abajyaga kukicirwaho yabanzaga kubashinyagurira mu buryo butandukanye.

Yakomeje asobanura ko mbere y’uko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 itangira, hari impunzi z’Abarundi zirimo n’abasikare zazanywe aho muri Ntongwe zituzwa ku buryo bigaragara ko bagira ngo zizafashe mu kwica Abatutsi, kuko aho mu Mayaga ngo hari hatuwe n’Abatutsi benshi, dore ko hanakozwe ibarura ry’ingo z’Abatutsi bari bahatuye muri icyo gihe. Ikindi, ni uko muri Komini Ntongwe ngo hari Burugumesitiri wari umugome cyane witwaga Kagabo, nawe washyizweho mu 1992,ariko akaza kugira uruhare rukomeye muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, kuko yari azi kuvuga neza bigatuma Abatutsi bari batangiye guhunga, bamwumvira ibyo bakeka ko ibyo ababwira ari ukuri nyamara, ari uburyo bwo gushaka kubica babanje kubarunda hamwe ari benshi.

Munyurangabo ati, “ Abazanye Kagabo muri iyo Komini, bamuzanye muri iyo gahunda yo kugira ngo ategure jenoside, noneho atangira kwigira inshuti n’Abatutsi, atangira kubegeranya kugira ngo amenye aho bagiye baherereye, afatanyije n’abo Barundi ndetse n’abo bicanyi bandi, barimo ba Konseye b’amasegiteri 13 yari agize Komini Ntongwe, abo bose bafatanyije gushyira mu bikorwa umugambi wa jenoside…”

Munyurangabo Evode

Jenoside itangira ku itariki 7 Mata, aho mu Ruhango bo ngo ntibahise batangira kwica, ahubwo byabaye nk’aho babanje gutegereza ngo barebe aho ibintu bigana, ariko Abatutsi bamwe batangira gutwikirwa amazu, bituma abenshi bahungira ku misozi itandukanye bajyanye n’inka, bishyira hamwe kandi bafite n’intwaro gakondo bari bahunganye kugira ngo babe bakwirwanaho bibaye ngombwa, ariko uwo Burugumesitiri Kagabo ngo ababwira aho bashobora kubona umutekano wuzuye ari kuri Komini gusa, bituma bajyayo bibwira ko baharindirwa koko.

Bigeze ku itariki 20 Mata 1994, Burugumesitiri Kagabo afatanyije n’Abajandarume barimo n’abari baturutse I Nyanza, interahamwe zirimo n’izari zaturutse mu Bugesera, ndetse n’Abarundi b’impunzi, ngo batangiye kwica Abatutsi benshi bari kuri Komini, ariko babona ko batabarangiza, ngo bababwira ko bagomba kujya kuri Superefegitura ya Ruhango bakaba ari ho bahungira, ariko bageze mu Kibaya cya Nyamukumba kiri hagati y’imisozi ine, batangira kuraswa n’abajandarume, kwicwa n’interahamwe, hapfa Abatutsi benshi cyane kuri uwo munsi imperuka ya Nyamukumba. Abiciwe muri icyo kibaya, bamwe ngo bajyanywe kujugunywa muri cya cyobo cyiswe CND.

Mu rwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi rwa Ruhango, hashyinguwemo imibiri igera ku 63.875, ariko nubu ibikorwa byo gushyingura birakomeje kuko no ku itariki 26 Mata 2026 mu gihe bazaba bibuka ku nshuro ya 32, hari indi mibiri yabonetse izashyingurwa. Uretse abashyinguwe muri urwo rwibutso, ngo hari n’abandi banya-Ruhango baguye hirya no hino aho bari bahungiye nka Kabgayi muri Muhanga n’ahandi hatandukanye.

Abaguye muri icyo gitero cyabereye mu nzu ebyiri zitandukanye mu Mujyi wa Shreveport mu ijoro ryo ku Cyumweru rishyira kuri uyu wa mbere tariki 20 Mata, bari bafite imyaka iri hagati y’umwaka umwe n’iyegereye 12, nk’uko byatangajwe n’umuvugizi wa Polisi ya Shreveport, Chris Bordelon.

Chris Bordelon yavuze ko ukekwaho icyo cyaha yitwa Shamar Elkins, yapfuye nyuma yo guhunga abapolisi. Abapolisi bamurashe nyuma yo kumukurikira n’amamodoka, kuko yari arimo ahunga agenda mu modoka yari yatse nyirayo ku gahato akoresheje imbunda.

Abashinzwe iperereza ntibatangaje icyateye ubwo bugizi bwa nabi. Bordelon yavuze ko iperereza rikomeje kandi ko hari byinshi bigikenewe gusuzumwa, ariko yemeje ko abashinzwe iperereza bafite icyizere ko icyo gitero cyari gishingiye ku ‘ bibazo by’ihohoterwa ryo mu muryango gusa’.

Bordelon yagize ati: “Aha ni ahantu hagari cyane habereye icyaha, bitandukanye n’ibyo benshi muri twe twigeze tubona.”

Yongeyeho ko Shamar Elkins yari asanzwe azwi na polisi kandi kuko yigeze gufatwa mu 2019, mu rubanza rurebana no gutunga imbunda no kuyikoresha binyuranyije n’amategeko. Abayobozi bavuze ko nta bindi bibazo by’ihohoterwa ryo mu rugo bari bazi.

Umuyobozi w’Umujyi wa Shreveport, Tom Arceneaux, yagize ati: “Iki ni igikorwa kibabaje cyane, bishoboka ko ari cyo kibi kurusha ibindi byose twigeze kubona.”

Perezida w’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Amerika (Umutwe w’Abadepite), Mike Johnson, ukomoka i Shreveport, yanditse ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ko hari itsinda ayoboye riri kuvugana n’abapolisi bo muri ako gace ku bijyanye n’icyo gikorwa kibabaje kandi gikomereye umutima”.

Yagize ati: “Turatekereza kandi dusabira abahohotewe, imiryango yabo n’ababakunda, ndetse n’umuryango mugari wa Shreveport muri iki gihe gikomeye cyane.”

Guverineri wa Louisiana, Jeff Landry, na we yanditse ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ko we n’umugore we “bababajwe cyane n’icyo gikorwa kibi kandi giteye ubwoba, kandi turasengera buri wese wagizweho ingaruka”.

Uretse icyo gitero cyabaye ku cyumweru i Shreveport, raporo ya Gun Violence Archive igaragaza ko muri uyu mwaka 2026 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, hamaze kuba nibura ibitero byo kurasa abantu benshi 119, byahitanye abantu 117, barimo abana 79, n’abantu 458 barakomereka.

Yagize ati, “ Habyarimana ni we muntu wa mbere wakoze ikintu kitabaho ku isi, yakoze bibiri reka abe ari byo mvuga nubwo ari byinshi,muri 1988 yatangije umutwe w’iterabwoba kandi ari perezida w’igihugu. Ni we wa mbere wabikoze kugeza mu mateka yose, na bya bihugu bajya bavuga ngo icyahoze ari Yougoslavia ntabyo bigeze bakora.Ibihugu byose byazimye, guhera mbese ibihugu byaba ibihugu, ni we wa mbere watangije umutwe w’iterabwoba witwaga ‘Escadrons de la mort’. Wari uvangavanze nka wa wundi w’Abamayimayi n’Abazalendo n’Interahamwe n’ibindi, hari harimo abantu bitwa ba Rwabukumba Seraphin b’abasivili, harimo ba Captaine Simbikangwa, harimo abantu bitwa ba Katumba, ni ba bandi bicaga abitwaga ba Padri Sindambiwe, abitwaga ba Depite Nyiramutarambirwa…, atangiza umutwe w’iterabwoba ari Perezida”.

“ Ni we wakoze agashya rero reka nkababwire. Muri 1990, Inkotanyi zitera ku itariki ya 1 (Ukwakira), ku itariki ya 2 bakuye Batayo y’ingabo i Kanombe, indi ngira ngo ituruka za Camp Kigali, zijya gutanga umusanzu, kuko ngira ngo nta ngabo zari zihagije i Gabiro ngira ngo, ziragenda zirwanaho gato, ku itariki ya 2 ku manywa, ku itariki ya 3, ntiyatumye zikomeza kurwana kuko mu ma saa sita,barazipakiye baigarura i Kigali, kuko itariki ya 4 muzumva ngo ikintu cyabaye muri Kigali, bavuga ngo Inyenzi zarashe Kigali. Ibintu bibiri bikomeye, yateye Ingabo ze ubwoba bidasanzwe n’abaturage bari bamushyigikiye, kuvuga ngo Inkotanyi zari ziri Kagitumba zije kurwanira muri Kigali, zitera amabombe zirasa imbunda zarasa indege…, arahageze nk’aho yatanze ihumure kuko nawe yari akubutse mu mahanga, amanutse ku Kibuga cy’indege, ikintu yakoze cya mbere, ijoro ryose amasasu arara avuga, bafashe abagore bonsa abana babatwara muri Sitade ngo nibo bateye Kigali…”.

Mudaheranwa avuga ko hari ubwo bimugora gusobanura ukuntu ari umuyobozi nk’uko n’abateguye Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda nabo bari abayobozi. Ikibazo cyabayeho ngo ni uko kuva babonye ubwigenge bakoze umushinga wo kubiba amacakubiri mu baturage, bavuga ko ubwo bwigenge ari ubw’ubwoko bumwe kandi hari n’andi moko yari ahari.

Yagize ati,” Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, yakozwe n’ubuyobozi, iyo rero abantu bitwa abayobozi kuko nabo bitwaga abayobozi, n’abariho ubu bitwa abayobozi,icyo gihe rero ugira ipfunwe ukavuga uti ese buriya koko nanjye ndi umuyobozi nka bariya!kugira ngo uzajye no kubisobanura rimwe na rimwe iyo ari abanyamahanga cyangwa hehe, biragorana Nyakubahwa yarabivuze hambere”.

Mudaheranwa kandi yavuze ku kibazo gikunze kugarukwaho kenshi cy’uwahanuye indege yaguyemo Perezida Habyarimana Juvenal, bamwe bakavuga ko iyo yabaye imbarutso ya jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, avuga ko Habyarimana yari afite abantu benshi batamukunze ku buryo kumenya uwateje impanuka yamwishe bigoye cyane, kubera ibyo yari yarakoze mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bwe, harimo kuba bamwe yari yarabiciye ababo, abandi baranafatanyije guhirika Kayibanda akabafunga, abandi bagahunga n’ibindi byinshi.

Buri mwaka, ku itariki 17 Mata, hibukwa abiciwe mu Kigo cya CARAES mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Ikigo cya CARAES Ndera, cyari kigizwe n’Ibitaro by’indwara zo mu mutwe, ariko habaye hamwe mu hantu hagaragaje uko abaganga n’abaforomo batatiye igihango cyabo, bamwe mu bakozi b’ibitaro bagafatanya n’abasirikare n’Interahamwe kwica Abatutsi bari bahahungiye, barimo abarwayi, ababavuraga, n’abaturanyi.

Bamwe muri abo baganga n’abaforomo bakoraga mu Bitaro bwa CARAES Ndera, ngo bafatanyaga n’abicanyi kurobanura Abatutsi mu barwayi no kubicisha intwaro zitandukanye. Kuri iyo tariki bibukaho i Ndera, ngo haje ibitero by’interahamwe n’abasirikare byari biyobowe n’abitwa ba ‘Kamashini’ byinjiye mu Bitaro bya CARAES Ndera, bisangamo Abatutsi benshi bari bahahungiye n’abarwayi bari baharwariye, barabica. Abarwayi bo mu mutwe b’Abatutsi bari barwariye i Ndera muri icyo gihe, bishwe n’abaganga bagombaga kubavura nk’uko byagiye bigaruka mu buhamya bw’abaharokokeye.

Abahungiye kuri CARAES Ndera, ngo bari bizeye ko bahakirira ko hari abaganga b’abazungu b’abanya-Burayi bahakoraga bari barinzwe n’Ingabo z’Ummuryango w’Abibumbye za (MINUAR),ariko izo ngabo ntacyo zakoze ngo zirinde abo bari bazihungiyeho, ahubwo zarigendeye zibasiga mu maboko y’interahamwe n’abasirikare baricwa.

Aho muri CARAES Ndera hubatswe urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ubu rukaba rushyinguwemo imibiri igera ku 21.000, ariko hakaba hakiri abataraboneka ngo bashyingurwe mu cyubahiro n’abandi babonetse ariko hakaba hataraboneka imyirondoro yabo.

Mu Rwanda, impungenge ziragenda ziyongera bitewe n’izamuka ry’ibiciro bya lisansi ririmo gutuma ibiciro by’ingendo bizamuka, bigahungabanya imicungire y’imari y’ingo, ndetse bigatera gushidikanya ku hazaza heza h’ubucuruzi bushingiye ku gutwara abantu n’ibintu mu buryo bwa buri munsi.

Ku bagenzi, ibiciro by’ingendo ni ingenzi cyane. Ku batwara abagenzi ku rwego rw’ubucuruzi, ibiciro bya lisansi bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku nyungu babona. Ku rwego rw’ubukungu muri rusange, izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ingufu rikomeje kwiyongera rishobora kugira ingaruka ku nzego zitandukanye.

Ariko kandi, ibihe by’ihungabana ry’ibiciro bikunze gutuma havuka ibisubizo bishya. Mu Rwanda, kimwe mu bisubizo byiza bihari muri iki gihe, ni ugukoresha ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi.

Ku isonga ry’iyo mpinduka iganisha ku ikoreshwa ry’amashanyarazi mu bwikorezi, hari Sosiyete ya Spiro, irimo gufasha mu kugira ngo ubwikorezi burusheho guhenduka, bugire ibiciro by’ubwikorezi bidahinduka cyane kandi no butegura ejo hazaza.

Mu gihe ibiciro bya lisansi bikomeza guhindagurika kubera ibibazo by’umutekano ku rwego rw’isi. Moto zikoresha amashanyarazi, zitanga andi mahirwe ku bazitwara, harimo ibiciro byo kuzikoresha bito, kutishingikiriza kuri lisansi itumizwa mu mahanga, no guteza imbere urwego rw’ingufu zitangiza ibidukikije, zigakoresha ibiboneka imbere mu gihugu.

Abareba kure bakomeje guhitamo SPIRO

Ibyo rero ni ingenzi cyane ku gihugu nk’u Rwanda, aho moto zifite uruhare runini mu gutwara abantu n’ibintu no gutuma abantu babona akazi n’amafaranga. Ibihumbi by’abamotari ubwo buryo nibwo bakoresha kugira ngo batunge imiryango yabo, aho batwara abagenzi, ndetse bakanatwara ibicuruzwa mu mijyi no mu turere.

Abakoresha za moto zikoresha zikoresha amashanyarazi, Aho guhora bahanganye n’ihindagurika ry’ibiciro bya lisansi bya buri munsi, bo bacunganwa no gusimbuza za bateri mu buryo bwateganyijwe, kugenda ku muvuduko wagenwe no korohereza abazikoresha mu bijyanye n’ibiciro. Ibyo bituma habaho ituze ku mafaranga binjiza kandi bikagabanya impinduka z’ibiciro bikunze kuranga ubwikorezi bushingiye kuri lisansi.

Iyo mpinduka yatangiye kugaragara. U Rwanda rwabaye kimwe mu bihugu byo muri Afurika biyoboye mu igerageza no mu ikwirakwiza rya za moto zikoresha amashanyarazi, bijyanye n’impinduka muri politiki n’iyiyongera ry’abazikoresha ku isoko. Raporo z’inganda zigaragaza ko igurishwa ry’izo ririmo kwiyongera ku muvuduko munini, kubera ko abatwara benshi bashaka inyungu z’igihe kirekire kandi zikaba zitanga icyizere mu mikorere.

Minisiteri y’Ibikorwa Remezo yatangaje ko nubwo ibiciro by’ibikomoka kuri peteroli byazamutse, bitazagira ingaruka ku biciro by’ingendo ku bakoresha imodoka zitwara abantu mu buryo bwa rusange.

Uwihanganye Jean de Dieu, yavuze ko ku biciro mpuzamahanga byikubye hafi kabiri, ariko u Rwanda rwo rukomeje gushyiraho ingamba zituma abaturage batagerwaho cyane n’izo. ngaruka.

Ati “Turacyari mu bihe bidasanzwe, ntibirarangira kandi no mu bigaragara, ingaruka zizakomeza kuza mu gihe kizaza. Leta iba yagerageje gufata ingamba zishoboka, hari nkunganire, no gufasha abacuruzi kugira ngo babone amafaranga ku buryo bworoshye, harimo ibikorwa byinshi Guverinoma y’u Rwanda ikora kugira ngo tubashe kugabanya ingaruka.”

Ibiciro bya mazutu ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu modoka zitwara abantu mu buryo bwa rusange ndetse no mu zitwara ibicuruzwa, byo ntabwo byiyongereye nk’uko byagenze kuri lisansi iyo akaba ari imwe mu mpamvu ibiciro by’ingendo mu modoka za rusange bitagomba guhinduka.

Minisitiri Uwihanganye yemeje ko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yashyizeho ingamba zituma ibyo biciro bya Mazutu bitazamuka ugereranyije n’uko byifashe ku isoko mpuzamahanga.

Yagize ati “Lisansi yo ikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe bw’abantu bafite imodoka ku giti cyabo bashobora no kutanayikoresha, bafite ubundi buryo bwo kugenda. Ibyo twavugaga byo gufatanya cyangwa gukoresha bisi kuko zirahari. Ariko mazutu ikoreshwa mu modoka zitwara abantu, ibicuruzwa, irakoreshwa mu nganda, mu buhinzi, mu gutanga amashanyarazi, ni igicuruzwa cy’ingenzi.”

Ku wa Kane tariki 16 Mata 2026, nibwo RURA yasohoye itangazo rigaragaza ibiciro bishya by’ibikomoka kuri Peteroli, byatangiye kubahirizwa kuri uyu wa Gatanu, tariki 17 Mata 2026, aho linsansi yiyongereyeho asaga 600Frw.

RURA kandi yavuze ko ibyo biciro bishingiye ku mpinduka ziri ku isoko mpuzamahanga ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli n’ingamba Leta y’u Rwanda yafashe zo guhangana n’izo mpinduka.

Kugeza ubu, litiro ya lisansi iragura 2,938 Frw, mu gihe litiro ya mazutu ari 2,205 Frw.

Ubukwe bwa Umuhoza

Abagabo n’Abasore barahagurutse, bafata amacumu n’imiheto, abatazi kubikoresha bazitera amabuye.

Hashize iminsi mike ariko, Interahamwe zabonye ko ziganjwe, maze zitabaza abasirikare bo mu kigo cya Gako, baraza baratangira bararasa, abitabaraga babona ko byakomeye, babwira abana n’abagore ndetse n’abasaza bari basigaye inyuma bati ‘turashize’.

Mukamfizi Donatilla ibi abyibuka nk’aho byabaye ejo kuko icyo gihe, nibwo we n’umugabo we, n’abana babo batandatu babonye ko basumbirijwe.

Umwe yaciye ukwe, undi ukwe, maze umugabo ajyana n’abana bakuru, bari hagati y’imyaka 10 na 16, mu gihe Mukamfizi we yajyanye n’abato bari bafite hagati y’imyaka 3-7.

Mukamfizi-Ifoto ya vuba

Mu kivunge cy’abantu benshi barimo bahunga bamanuka ku musozi wa Kayumba bahungira ku Kiliziya ya Nyamata n’ahandi, Mukamfizi yahise abura umwana umwe, ku buryo atanamenye aho yaguye.

Agira ati “Birambabaza cyane. Sinzi niba abantu baramukandagiye yiruka agapfa, cyangwa se niba Interahamwe zaramubonye ku musozi yiruka zikamwica.”

Uko kutamenya amakuru y’uyu mwana witwaga Jabiro, nibyo bituma ajya ku nzibutso zitandukanye mu Karere ka Bugesera, cyane cyane iyo hari imibiri ishyingurwa, yibwira ko wenda n’umubiri w’uwo mwana waba urimo.

Nyuma yo kuva aho i Kayumba Mukamfizi yari asigaranye abana babiri muri batatu yari yahunganye, maze ajya kwihisha mu gihuru cyari haruguru y’urugo, abanza kwinjizamo abana nawe akurikiraho yibwira ko wenda ntawuza kuhabasanga.

Ariko bidatinze, abicanyi bahise baza kuri icyo gihuru nubwo cyari cyuzuyemo amahwa y’imifatangwe mabi.

Agira ati “ Baraje babanza gutema icyo gihuru cy’amahwa kugira ngo bankurure. Ubwo kandi ni nako bahamagaraga abana mu mazina yabo kugira ngo basohokemo babice. Umwe mu bicanyi yari umukozi wo mu baturanyi yari abazi mu mazina, maze abana babiri nari nsigaranye baritaba, basohoka mu gihuru.”

Mukamfizi...ifoto ya vuba

Yongeraho ati “Urebye ni jyewe babanje kwica, mbere yo kwica abana banjye. Nka saa cyenda z’umugoroba nibwo haguye akavura, niko kampembuye, nisanga ndyamye hagati y’abana banjye, agatoya kagataka kuko bari bagatemye mu gahanga cyane, bakubise n’ubuhiri mu gatuza. Mbaye nk’uwegura umutwe, ak’agakobwa nako kareguka ariko kuko bari bagakubise ubuhiri mu mugongo karongera gasubira hasi.”

“Ubwo bari bantemye cyane mu mutwe no ku maguru, ariko ndagerageza ntwara ako gakobwa kari kagerageje kweguka, kuko agato ko nabonaga bisa n’ibyarangiye, ngenda nshaka aho twakwihisha.”

Ubwo bashakaga aho bihisha, Mukamfizi yashoboye guhura n’umugabo we, na we wari usigaranye n’umwana umwe. Umugabo yabanje kujya kureba aho ka kana gato kasigaye, asanga kapfuye, maze umubiri wako barawuzana, bawushyingura uko bashoboye.

Aha, bahise basubira mu nzu yabo, kuko yari imaze gutwikwa no gusahurwa, bakibwira ko nta we ugaruka akayibasangamo, ariko ababyeyi basigamo abana babiri bari basigaranye, bajya kwihisha mu gihuru, ari nk’uburyo bwo kugira ngo bose bataguma hamwe.

Agira ati “Twabaye tukigenda abicanyi bahita baza, kuko twe twagarutse dusanga babishe, tujya kubashyingura hamwe n’abandi bo mu baturanyi bari biciwe aho hafi. Twabashyinguye tubatwikiriyeho n’ibati, tubona kurenzaho itaka, twibwira tuti wenda tubayeho twazabakuramo tukabashyingura neza.”

Ubwo mu bana ba Mukamfizi hari hasigaye babiri, bakuru bari baburanye na se, nabo rero ngo baje kwicirwa ku rufunzo rwa Karambi, nuko umugabo n’umugore abana babashiraho, uko ari batandatu.

Mukamfizi yakomeje kujya agenda yihishahisha hamwe n’umugabo we, ariko bimugoye, kuko yari afite ibikomere binini. Hari igihe yibuka abantu babonaga uko ameze bakabwira umugabo we, bati “Uretse kuruhira ubusa, gukomeza kugendana umugore umeze atya bizakumarira iki ko atazabaho, uyu ntubona ko byarangiye”? Umugabo we ayo majwi yarayumvaga, akabihorera.

Mukamfizi agira ati,” Babonaga uko meze, amaraso asa n’ayanshizemo, nambaye ijipo nari nkenyereyeho gusa, kuko ibitenge byose aho bantemeye barabincuje. Nari nambaye umupira wuzuyeho amaraso uko bakawuntemanye, ibisebe byo mu mutwe byarajemo inyo, bimbabaza cyane, ubwo wenda naranabanukiraga. Ibyo byatumaga babwira umugabo wanjye bati uzamute wigendere ntazabaho. Ariko jye naribwiraga nti: ubwo nigenza ntawumpeka, nzajya mbakurukira…”

Mukamfizi avuga ko ibyo bisebe byo mu mutwe byagiye bihonga buhoro buhoro kubera ko iyo bwiraga bagasohoka mu rufunzo, hari aho bahuriraga, abashoboye bakajya gushaka ibyo kurya, ariko we abagore bari kumwe bakamufasha bagateka amazi arimo igiti kitwa ‘umuhoko’ cyomora, bakamukandisha muri ibyo bisebe atangira koroherwa.

Bamaze igihe kinini bihisha ahantu hatandukanye ariko bwakwira bakagira aho bahurira, uwo batabonye bakamenya ko yapfuye. Bigeze mu kwezi kwa gatanu, ngo babonye imodoka za Bisi eshatu zaje zitwaye abasirikare bavuye i Gako, zigeze aho ku rufunzo zirahasigara, abasirikare bambuka mu rufunzo n’amaguru, aho ba Mukamfizi bihishe ngo batangira kugira ubwoba ko abo basirikare noneho nta muntu basiga muri urwo rufunzo kuko ngo bari benshi.

Bamenye ko abo basirikare barimo bahunga kuko intambara yatangiye kubananira.

Bidatinze, ngo hari mubyara w’umugabo wa Mukamfizi wari utuye ahitwa i Mwogo, azana amakuru ko Inkotanyi zaje, ko zageze ahitwa Kabukuba, ndetse ko n’abaturage n’Interahamwe bahagaritse kwica no guhiga Abatutsi ku misozi, bagatangira guhunga nabo.

Gusa ayo makuru ntibayizeye, bakomeje kugira amakenga, ariko kuko nta yandi mahitamo, ngo bishatsemo abazi inzira yabavana muri urwo rufunzo bajya Kabukuba, bakareba niba koko bahura n’Inkotanyi.

Bakoze urugendo muri urwo rufunzo, ari abantu basaga 20, abagabo bamwe bakajya imbere, abandi bakajya inyuma ab’intege nkeya barimo abana n’abandi badafite imbaraga bakajya hagati.

Ubwo abagendaga imbere, ngo bafataga imihoro bagatema ibifunzo kugira ngo abadashoboye cyane babone uko batambuka, bakagenda bakuranwa, abari imbere baruha bakajya inyuma, ab’inyuma nabo bakajya imbere bagashakisha inzira, bityo bityo kugeza ubwo bambutse urufunzo.

Mukamfizi ati,”Tugeze aho bita i Gatwe, umusaza wari uhazi yaratubwiye ati nimureke twambukire aha, kuko nta bantu bagihari barahunze. Twarazamutse maze tugeze i musozi tugera ahantu hari amahema, maze dutangira kugira ubwoba twibwira ko ari ba basirikare bo kwa Habyarimana twabonye bahunga, bahakambitse.”

Ariko ku rundi ruhande, bo baribwiye bati niba ari abasirikare, baratwicisha amasasu nta kibazo. Aha bahageze, abasirikare babasabye gushyira hasi intwaro gakondo bari bafite, ubwo hari mu ma saa munani z’ijoro. Abasirikare bahise bahamagara babiri muri bo ngo bavugane.

Mukamfizi agira ati “Muri babiri biyemeje kujya kuvugana n’abo basirikare hari harimo umugabo wanjye, mpita mukurikira, nti ntabwo ansiga niba ari ukutwica batwicire rimwe birangire, sinifuzaga kongera kubona ibindi bibi. Icyakora muri rusange twese twari dutegereje ikigiye kutubaho.”

Yongeraho ati “Twarabegereye, batubaza icyo duhunga, tubabwira ko ari Interahamwe. Twarabarebye, tubona ko atari abicanyi…nuko baratubwira bati nimuhumure ntimugipfuye. Abagabo bahise babwira abasigaye inyuma bati: nimuze turarusimbutse.”

Aho Kabukuba, ngo inkotanyi zabafashije ibishoboka birimo kubavura ibikomere nubwo nta miti myinshi yari ihari, hanyuma kuko urugamba rwari rutararangira neza, babajyana ahitwa i Nyagasambu (Rwamagana).

Aha, ngo abasore n’abagabo bagifite imbaraga bahise bigira mu gisirikare kugira ngo bafatanye n’abandi gukomeza urugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside kuko yari itararangira.

Ku myaka 45, umugabo agiye mu gisirikare

Muri icyo gihe, umugabo wa Mukamfizi yumvise ishyaka ryinshi rimuzamutsemo. Mukamfizi agira ati” Umugabo wanjye yaje kunyihisha, ajya mu gisirikare tukiri aho Kabukuba nubwo yari mu myaka ikuze. Nakomeje kubana n’abandi bagore twari kumwe, baramfasha cyane, kubera ko nari narabaye nk’ikimuga, nkimeze nabi.”

Agira ati “Hashize igihe kinini ntazi aho umugabo wanjye aherereye, rimwe nshaka no kwigira mu Mutara ngo nsange bene wacu bari bavuye Uganda, ariko umwe mu bantu twabanaga arambuza ati, ubwo tutumvise amakuru y’urupfu rw’umugabo wawe wenda aracyari ho.”

Urugo rwa Umuhoza

Mu 1995 nibwo umugabo we yaje, asubira mu kazi amusigiye inda, nuko nyuma y’amezi icyenda bongera kubyara.

Agira ati “Ubundi nabanje kumva ko nta bana nkeneye, nkavuga nti abo nabuze narababuze. Naribazaga nti ubu se mbabyaye babaho bate ko mbona ubuzima bumeze nabi, ariko Imana ikora ibintu byiza, kandi bitangaje”.

“ Umwana wa mbere Imana yaduhaye yiswe Umuhoza. Twaravugaga tuti uyu araje aduhoze. Uwa kabiri twamwise Mbabazi, tuvuga tuti ni imbabazi Nyagasani atugiriye. Abahungu bo, uwa gatatu yitwa izina rya Se, uwa kane akitwa izina rya Sekuru.”

Ubukwe bwa Mbabazi

“ Imana yatugiriye neza, kandi nubu izakomeza itugirire neza, Imana yabanje gukorera muri Nyakubahwa wacu Perezida Kagame,niwe wabanje kudukorera byiza tubona amahoro tubona ubuzima, hanyuma Imana isumba byose yaturemye, ikomeza kuturinda, kandi buriya nawe ni yo imukoreramo, naho we ntiyabyishoboza”.

Umugabo wa Mukamfizi yaje gusezererwa mu gisirikare mu 1996 mu bakuze, umuryango ukomeza gutura i Kigali. Ababyeyi bibazaga niba abana bane Imana yabahaye bazakura bakangana n’abo bari bafite, bibaza niba baziga bigakunda, n’ibindi bibazo byinshi.

“Nakundaga ikintu cyo kuvuga ngo umwana wanjye agomba kwiga, ariko rimwe umukobwa wanjye wa kabiri arambaza ati ariko se ubundi ko uhora untonganyiriza kwiga, niniga ngatsinda neza uzakura he amafaranga yo kujya mu mashuri yisumbuye? Ibyo numvise bimbabaje, ariko atsinze nabwiye umugabo tugurisha ku isambu ajya ku ishuri. Ubu bose barize na Kaminuza, ubu umutoya muri bose azakora ibirori byo kurangiza Kaminuza muri Gicurasi uyu mwaka.”

Mbabazi, umugabo we n’umwana we, n’ababyeyi be

Ubuzima bw’i Kigali bwaje gukomera, umuryango ugurisha inzu bari batuyemo, bagura indi i Nyamata mu Mujyi, kuko iyabo yari yarasenywe. I Nyamata, Mukamfizi yabonye akazi muri Hoteli, akabijyanisha no guhinga amasambu yabo kugira ngo abana barusheho kubaho neza. Umugabo we agarutse mu buzima busanzwe, we ngo yakoraga akazi ko kubaka amazu, ariko hakaba ubwo kabura.

Basaza ba Umuhoza na Mbabazi

Ubuzima bwakomeje kugenda bumera neza abana barakura, ndetse Umuhoza atangira kurambagizwa, akora n’ubukwe mu gihe yarimo arangiza Kaminuza. Ariko byose byabaga Mukamfizi atarizera ko nawe byamugeraho, ngo abone abe barangiza amashuri, ngo abone ubukwe bwabo, abe yabona n’abuzukuru. Yumvaga atari ibye.

Yagize ati, “Twajyaga mu bukwe bw’abana batari bafite ababyeyi wenda twaranabanye n’ababyeyi babo, tukagenda ari ukubashyigikira mu bukwe, nkumva ngize ibyishimo. Numvaga igihe cyo gushaka kw’abana banjye nzaba ntakiriho. Umuhoza aza kutwereka umukunzi we kandi atubwira ko bidatinze azatwereka n’ubukwe, numvaga ari nk’inzozi.”

Umwuzukuru mukuru

Umuhoza yarashyingiwe, maze bidatinze aha nyina umwuzukuru, none ubu umukecuru agira ati “Iby’abuzukuru byo ni ibirenze ukwemera pe, sinzi ni Imana ibizi, ariko ndakubwiye ngo umubyeyi wapfuye atabonye umwuzukuru yapfanye agahinda kenshi…”.

“Ntabwo Imana yari kumbabaza igihe cyose,… ibibi nanyuzemo ntabwo nakongera ngo mparekezwe n’ibibi. Mba mfite icyizere ko Imana yatumye ndokoka ikampa abana, izampa no kuzagira iherezo ryiza. Imana ni igitangaza”.

Mukamfizi n’umugabo we ubu, bafite abazukuru batatu muri rusange, kuko nyuma yo gushyingira Umuhoza, bashyingiye na Mbabazi. Uyu munsi, Umuhoza abyaye kabiri, naho Mbabazi afite imfura.

Abo buzukuru ngo ni igisobanuro gikomeye kuri uwo muryango, kuko iyo baje kubasura, Sekuru abafata ukuboko akabatemberana aho batuye, bakamususurutsa.

Mukamfizi avuga ko yababariye abamuhekuye bakamwicira abana, ariko ahanini ngo yabikoze kuko yumvaga kutababarira nawe bimubera nk’umutwaro uremereye mu mutima, kandi bigatuma abaho nabi avunika cyane.

Agira ati “Uwadusabye imbabazi ni uwishe umwana wacu mukuru, yari muri gereza ya Rilima, azi ko turiho. Uwo muhungu sinari muzi neza, ariko nari nzi Se na Nyina bari batuye aho muri Mwogo. Iwacu twari twaranabahaye inka.”

Yahumurije kandi yihanganisha imiryango y’ababuze ababo, agaruka no ku nshingano Abanyarwanda bafite yo kurwanya ingengabitekerezo Jenoside kugira ngo itazongera kubaho ukundi.

Yagize ati,” Ndagira ngo ntangire iri jambo nihanganisha kandi mfata mu mugongo imiryango y’abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi turi kumwe hano, ndetse n’abari hirya no hino mu gihugu…Nk’uko tubizi twese, kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, no kuvana amasomo mu mateka mabi u Rwanda rwahuye nayo,biturutse ku bukoloni n’ubutegetsi bubi bwa Repubulika ya mbere n’iya Kabiri."

Yibukije ko ari inshingano Abanyarwanda bahisemo, kandi bazakomeza kuzirikana.

Yagize ati "Kubahiriza izi nshingano ni ngombwa, kuko nk’uko tubizi, Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri 1994, yarateguwe. Yateguwe n’ubutegetsi bubi bwariho mbere ya 1994. Ubwo butegetsi bwashenye ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda,bwimika ingengabitekerezo y’irondabwoko, irondakarere, urwango , ivangura n’amacakubiri."

Minisitiri w’intebe yagarutse ku mwihariko w’ibikorwa bijyanye n’umugambi wo kwica Abatutsi byabaye muri Ngororero, ariko anashima ko muri ako Karere, ari naho habonetse abanyeshuri babaye intwari abantu bagomba gufatiraho urugero rw’ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda

Yagize ati "Abakuru bari hano, murabyibuka kandi nk’uko n’abandi babivuze, ko muri aka Karere, ari ho Dr Leon Mugesera yavugiye ijambo ku wa 22 Ugushyingo 1992, iryo jambo rye rikaba ryarashishikarizaga Abahutu kwica Abatuts."

Yibukije n’ubugome bw’indengakamere bwa Padiri Seromba Athanase wagize uruhare rukomeye mu kwica Abatutsi barenga 2000 bari bahungiye muri Kiliziya i Nyange, akayibasenyeraho. Aha, Padiri Seromba yahamijwe icyo cyaha, mu Rukiko mpuzamahanga rwa Arusha, ahabwa igihano cy’igifungo cya burundu.

Minisitiri w’intebe yavuze ko kwibuka abishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi atari umuhango, ahubwo ko ari igihango cyo kubasubiza agaciro bambuwe, bikaba n’uburyo bwo kwiyemeza ko nta Jenoside izongera kuba mu Rwanda.

Avuga ku bahakana Jenoside, Dr. Nsengiyumva yagize ati "Bakomeje guhererekanya ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside, cyane cyane muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Ibi byose bikorwa imiryango mpuzamahanga irebera, nk’uko byagenze mu Rwanda muri 1994 na mbere yaho. Amahitamo twagize nk’Abanyarwanda nk’uko Perezida wa Repubulika yabigarutseho ni uko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi itazongera kubaho mu Rwanda”.

Mu kiganiro yatanze mu nama mpazamahanga ijyanye no gukumira Jenoside irimo kubera mu Rwanda kuri uyu wa Gatatu tariki 8 Mata 2026, ikaba ibaye mu gihe cyo Kwibuka ku nshuro ya 32 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, Jenera Faye yemeje ko ibimenyetso by’uko Jenoside irimo itegurwa babibonye rwose.

Yagize ati “ …Uyu munsi ndabibwira atari nk’umunyamateka uturuka hanze, ahubwo nk’umutangabuhamya wo mu gihugu imbere. Nk’umuntu wakoranaga bya hafi na Jeneral Romeo Dallaire wari umuyobozi w’ingabo zari mu butumwa, namenyaga ibyemezo bifatwa, namenyaga impuruza zitangwa, ariko ikibazo ni uko nari no mu gutsindwa kwabayeho. Ubu ni ubuhamya bw’umuntu wabonye Jenoside itangira, mu byumba bitangirwamo amabwiriza ya gisirikare, ariko wagize n’icyo akora ku rugamba hamwe na bagenzi be. Yego ni byo rwose hari hari ibimenyetso kandi byaragaraga neza. Guhera muy 1993, turi aho twabaga bwaroherejwe gukorera yaba ku Mulindi, Ruhengeri, Byumba ndetse na Kigali, twabonaga ibikorwa, amalisiti yaba atambuka ariho Abatutsi bagomba kwicwa. Ikwirakwizwa ry’intwaro mu buryo bw’ibanga, itozwa ry’interahamwe, hanyuma na Radio RTLM yamburaga abaturage ubumuntu ku buryo buhoraho, ikabita inyenzi,inkotanyi.”

“ General Dallaire muri icyo gihe yohereje ubutumwa (telegaramu) bwo gutabaza, igisubizo yahawe kwari uko atagomba kugira icyo akora, ahubwo ko agomba gukomeza kubahiriza neza ibikubiye mu gika cya 6 cya manda, …twaratabaje, ariko ntitwumviswe. Ngibyo ibyo twabayemo hano, mbere ya Jenoside”.

General Dallaire ubu uri mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, yagaragaje mu bihe bitandukanye ko yatabaje nk’umuntu wari uyoboye ubutumwa bwa UN bwo gukurikirana uko amasezerano y’amahoro ya Arusha ashyirwa mu bikorwa, agatabaza muri UN, kuko yabonaga ko Jenoside irimo ikorwa mu Rwanda,ariko gutabaza kwe ntikwahabwa agaciro, birangira abuze icyo akora ngo ayihagarike.

Mu kiganiro yagiranye na Sylvanus Karemera wa Kigali Today, yagize ati, “ Ikintu cya mbere navuga, ni uko igihe nakiriye amakuru aturutse ku muyobozi w’interahamwe waje akatubwira gahunda zariho zipangwa muri icyo gihe, hanyuma ubushake bwanjye mu kuyobora ibikorwa bya gisirikare kwari ukurwanya icyo ari cyo cyose cyasubiza inyuma amasezerano, muri ibyo harimo gusaba inyunganizi no kongererwa ingabo, hanyuma ibyo byose ndetse n’umwuka wari uhari muri uko kwezi kwa Mutarama, nabyo ubwabyo basaga n’ibyaburiraga abantu ko igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, ako kavuyo gashobora kuvamo ikindi kintu kidasanzwe, ariko mu by’ukuri nta muntu n’umwe wabyizeraga”.

“ Mu byo natanze muri raporo, nagaragaje uko umwuka uhari umeze,ndetse n’icyakorwa. Isesengura ryo mu rwego rwa politiki muri ubu butumwa naryo ryakiriwe bitandukanye, kuko bo batekerazaga ko ari amatakirangoyi, i New-York bari bahugiye muri byari birimo kubera muri Yugoslavia. Ubwanjye sinabara inshuro nahamagaye ndetse n’amabaruwa nanditse. Ikindi ni uko batashakaga kuba bahindura intego y’ubutumwa cyangwa se ngo bampe ibikoresho byisumbuyeho.Ariko uko ibintu byari bimeze hano, twarimo tubona abicwa,ubugizi bwa nabi bitandukanye kandi bwibasira abasivili…”.

Jenerali Dallaire avuga ko akigera mu Rwanda atatinze kubona ko intego y’ubutumwa bwe, cyangwa se ingingo bwagenderagaho igomba guhinduka, nubwo bitakunze.

Yagize ati, “ Ubwo butumwa ni nk’aho nabuha inyito y’ubutumwa bw’urwego rwa 7, ubwo ni ubutumwa buguha uburenganzira bwo kwivanga niba ari ko nabyita, bukaguha uburenganzira bwo gukoresha ingabo ndetse n’uburenganzira bwo kurinda abasivili, ubwo bwakoreshejwe mu ntambara yo muri Korea mu 1950, ubundi butumwa bwakurikiyeho bwagengwaga n’urwego rwa gatandatu gusa(chapter 6), ubutumwa bw’urwego rwa 6, uba uri ku gice kimwe nanjye ndi ku kindi, twahitamo gukurikiza amasezerano y’amahoro, tugakenera umukemurampaka wafatwa nk’umusifuzi, mu iyubahirizwa ry’ayo masezerano ndetse n’amategeko ajyana nayo. Urwego rwa 6 nta kindi rufasha uretse kunganira impande zombi zihuriye ku masezerano y’amahoro…”.

Jenerali Dallaire avuga ko byarinze bigera muri Werurwe 1994, nta mpinduka ibaye, kuko Akanama ka UN gashinzwe umutekano ku isi katigeze kemera guterana ngo kige ku bibazo byari biri mu Rwanda, biza kurangira Jenoside itangiye ariko bikimeze, Guverinoma yariho muri icyo gihe, ngo ikabeshya abaturage ko izo ngabo za UN zazanywe no kubarinda, abaturage bakagira ngo ni ukuri koko, kandi bitari mu butumwa bahawe. Ikibazo cyari gihari nk’uko Jenerali Dallaire abivuga, ngo ni uko nta buryo bwari buhari banyuzamo amakuru yo kumenyesha abaturage ukuri guhari.

Brig. General (Rtd) El Hadji Babacar Faye, ni umwe mu basirikare ba Senegal bari bari mu Rwanda mu gihe cya Jenoside, yari kumwe na Capitaine Mbaye Diagne, barenga ku bikuye muri manda yagengaga ubutumwa bwa UNAMIR bari barajemo, bituma barokora ubuzima bw’Abatutsi babarirwa mu magana barimo kwicwa, maze Capitaine Mbaye ahasigaye ubuzima, u Rwanda rukaba rwaratanze umudari wo gushimira ubutwari bwe, ariko no muri Senegal hashyirwa ikimenyetso cyo kumuzirikana.

Musenyeri Dr Laurent Mbanda, Umushumba w’Itorero ry’Abangilikani mu Rwanda (EAR)

Mu butumwa yatangiye mu iteraniro kuri uyu munsi wa Pasika wibutsa izuka rya Yesu /Yezu, yifurije abakirisitu umunsi mwiza, ariko anabibutsa ko ubaye mu gihe Abanyarwanda bagiye kwinjira mu cyunamo no kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, aboneraho kwihanganisha abayiburiyemo ababo ariko n’abantu bose muri rusange abasaba gukomera.

Yagize ati, “Pasika nziza kuri mwese, Kristo Yezu yazutse, kandi turizihiza kuba ariho, kuba hari icyo bitubwiye ku bamumenye kandi bamenye agakiza turashima Imana. Iki cyumweru cya Pasika dutangiye, tugitangiye mu gihe twinjiye kandi mu minsi y’icyunamo no kwibuka Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, uku ni Ukwibuka kwa 32, twunamira abazize ayo mahano, kandi tugakomeza kwihanganisha kuko tubona ibikomere bigihari, bikivugwa, bicyumvikana, bikigaragara. Ariko turahumuriza kandi duhumurizwa n’umucyo wa Pasika, utwibutsa ko n’aho urupfu rugaragara nk’aho rwatsinze, ijambo ry’Imana kandi Imana ni yo ifite ijambo rya nyuma ku bugingo bwacu. Dukomeje rero kwihanganisha abacu babuze ababo, natwe twese kandi twihangane”.

“…Zaburi ya 118, yizihiza intsinzi n’ibyishimo ivuga ku mbaraga z’Imana kandi no ku gutsinda urupfu. Iri huriro rero ry’iki gihe cya Pasika n’ayo magambo twasomye, ni amagambo meza kuko muri iyo Zaburi, havuga ngo ibuye abubatsi banze, ngo ni ryo ryahindutse irikomeza imfuruka. Mu isezerano rishya kandi,tugenda tubona ibyerekeza ku kuzuka kwa Yesu, aho aya magambo yo muri Zaburi ajya guhura n’amagambo avuga ukuntu yanzwe, ukuntu yakubiswe, ukuntu yagiriwe nabi, ukuntu yishwe, ariko akazuka, none ubu akaba ari mu ijuru kandi adusengera. Nanone, uyu ni wo munsi Uwiteka yaremye nk’uko byanditswe muri iyo Zaburi ku murongo wa 24, Uyu ni wo munsi Uwiteka yaremye ngo tuwunezerwemo, twishime, tugire ibyishimo, kuko umunsi w’izuka rya Yezu Kristo ni intsinzi ikomeye ku Bakiristo ku bamenye Imana”.

Yagize ati “Reka dukomeze ukwizera kwacu, tugukomereho, twerekeza ibyiringiro byacu n’ibitekerezo byacu ku Mana yaturemye, ikadukunda, ikabitwereka, ikaduha umwana wayo ngo aze muri iyi si, akababazwa ari twe ababarijwe, ndetse agapfa, agahambwa, uyu munsi tukaba twizihiza ukuzuka kwe. Uko kuzuka rero kwaduhaye ubugingo bushya, kuduha n’ibyiringiro ku bamwakiriye. Dukwiye kubaho munsi y’iryo jambo ry’Imana, kandi itorero ry’Imana rikwiye kubaho nanone munsi y’iryo jambo ry’Imana”.

Ni impanuka yahitanye abagera kuri 13 abandi 57 bagakomereka, nk’uko byatangajwe n’Umuvugizi w’igisirikare cy’u Burundi, akavuga ko iyi ari impanuka yatewe n’amashanyarazi.

Nyamara ariko, ababizi bavuga ko ngo harimo amakosa akomeye yakozwe n’urwego rw’igisirikare mu gihe cyo kubika izo ntwaro. Ubundi ngo hari uburyo bwagenwe bwo kubika intwaro zikomeye cyane cyane iyo ziri mu Mujyi nk’uko byagarutsweho na Ruhashya Egide, nk’umuntu ufite inararibonye mu bya gisirikare, mu Kiganiro yagiriye ku rubuga rwa Igicaniro TV.

Yagize ati,” Muri Bujumbura harimo ibigo byinshi bya gisirikare, nta nubwo ari ikibazo kuba ikigo cya gisirikare cyaba mu Mujyi, ariko kuhabika intwaro zirimo amabombe akomeye nk’ayo twabonye, byo ntabwo navuga ko bitanze umutekano mu Mujyi, nta nubwo bitanze umutekano ku bantu, cyane cyane ko ibyo bigo bituranye n’abaturage.

I Bujumbura, uko abaturage bagiye biyongera, niko bakomeje gutura begera ibigo bya gisirikare. ari naho haturutse akaga.

Agira ati "Hanyuma icyo nibaza nanone kitakozwe n’igihugu cy’u Burundi, ni uko ubusanzwe ntabwo ububiko bw’intwaro yaba amabombe n’ibindi bikoresho bya gisirikare, ubundi ntabwo bigomba kuba ku butaka. Ubundi bigomba kuba munsi y’ubutaka, ariko nabwo wabanje kubyubakira bikomeye cyane, ukubaka bikomeye cyane mu buryo bwa ‘beton’ ikoreshejwe isima, amabuye n’ibyuma. Impamvu y’ibyo, ni uko icya mbere ni ukurinda ibyo bikoresho (protection),kuko mu gihe hagira igiturika muri byo, kuko iyo gituritse ari kimwe gishobora gutuma n’ibindi biturika kubera ibice biba bikigize (fragments)."

Aha ndetse, ngo hariho n’ibibombe ngo bishobora kwifungura bikagenda, nyamara ngo iyo kigiye, ntawe uba ashobora kugitangira.

Ati "Bigomba kubikwa mu bubiko bwo mu butaka kandi bukomeye kandi bikaba bifungiranye. Ikindi gituma bigomba kuba munsi y’ubutaka. Ni urugero rw’ ubushyuhe (temperature), aho izo ntwaro zibikwa ntihagomba gushyuha. Muri Bujumbura cyangwa se n’ahandi muri Afurika hari igihe ubushyuhe bushobora kuzamuka, icyo gihe rero biba biteye ikibazo ku mabombe, biterwa n’ubushyuhe uko bungana."

Aha rero, munsi y’ubutaka ngo haba hafutse. Hagati aho, no kubibika si ukugerekeranya, cyangwa ngo ubibike kimwe gicuramye, ikindi gitambitse ubipange nk’ibirayi.

“ Mu gihe waba ugiye kubikoresha, iyo ukurura kimwe kugira ngo ugitware, hari igihe ushobora kugikurura kigakuraho akantu gafatwa nk’imbarutso (fuze) y’ikindi. Ibyo bintu byose umuntu aba agomba kubireba. Mu buryo bw’umutekano, ubundi no kugira ngo uhinjire wowe uhashinzwe, ni ibintu bitandukanye no kujya ahandi ahari ho hose mu biro (office) cyangwa se mu bundi bubiko busanzwe ubwo ari bwo bwose… Kenshi bashyiraho ‘X-Ray’ zituma udapfa kuhinjira, noneho ukaba ufite ‘code’ yo kubasha kuhafungura no kuhinjira”.

Ruhashya yakomeje asobanura ko no muri uko kubaka ububiko bw’intwaro munsi y’ubutaka, hashyirwamo ibyumba bitandukanye, ku buryo ibisasu bibikwa hakurikijwe ubwoko bwabyo, ‘grenades’ zikajya ukwazo, kandi nazo ngo ziba zitandukanye, zigapangwa bitewe n’ibihugu ziturukamo.

Amabombe nayo, ngo apangwa ku buryo bamenya ngo araswa n’imbunda iyi n’iyi ni aya, bityo bityo. Yemeza ko iyo intwaro ziba zibitse muri ubwo buryo mu Burundi, ikibazo kitari kuba uko cyabaye, bivuze ko harimo amakosa mu buryo babikamo intwaro.

Yagize ati,” Nka buriya iyo biza kuba bimeze gutyo, yego, ntabwo wenda byabuza kuba, ariko byabera muri ubwo butaka,biriya twabonye bijya hejuru ntibyabaho. Byaguye mu ngo z’abantu, ibindi kubera umurindi wabyo no gukomera kw’ibisasu, amazu yasenyutse, ibirahuri birameneka, kubera umutingito, kubera imbaraga biba bifite.Ibyo byose rero bibera muri ubwo butaka, nta n’ubwo abaturage bamenya ibyabaye ngo bibe byatuma nka kuriya uriya Muvugizi Jenerali Baratuza yarinze kujya gusobanurira abaturage ibyabaye…”.

Ruhashya avuga ko ikintu cyo gusigara inyuma cyangwa uburangare iyo kigeze mu gisirikare cy’igihugu biba ari bibi.

Ubundi we avuga ko hagakwiye kubaho uburyo bwo gukumira ‘barrier system’. I Burundi, ngo intwaro iyo zigeze ku kibuga cy’indege cy’igihugu, hakenerwa byinshi kugira ngo zigere aho zibikwa.

Muri ibo ni harimo kubara, bakamenya aho bagiye kuzishyira mu bubiko, zikazahava bazohereza mu bigo bitandukanye bitewe na gahunda ihari. Agira ati "Ubwo rero hagombye kubaho ‘barrier system’ .

Ibyo rero ngo ntabwo ari ibintu bikorwa n’ikaramu n’urupapuro, ngo umuntu abaze ngo wowe utwaye bombe zingahe? Zigiye mu kihe kigo?

Avuga ko buri gikoresho cya gisirikare kiba gifite ‘code’, ituma umuntu ashobora kumenya ngo bombe iyi n’iyi yahawe ikigo runaka, ikindi iyo code ifasha mu kumenya igikoresho runaka cya gisirikare aho cyakorewe,igihe cyaviriye mu ruganda, n’igihugu cyagiyemo.

Kandi ibyo byose ngo ntibishobora kwandikwa hakoreshejwe ikaramu n’urupapuro. Bityo rero ibisasu biherutse guturikira mu Mujyi wa Bujumbura, ngo byagaragaje intege nkeya bafite, cyangwa se gusigara inyuma muri urwo rwego.

Ruhashya yagize icyo avuga ku bivugwa ko icyo kigo cya gisirikare cyaba cyagabweho igitero cy’indege zitagira abapilote (drones), noneho zikaba ari zo zatwitse ubwo bubiko, na cyane ko hari amakuru y’uko ngo icyo Gihugu cyari gihurutse gutumiza intwaro mu Bubiligi, bityo kumenya ko zageze mu Burundi ndetse zikaba zamaze kugezwa mu bubiko ari ibintu bishoboka.

Hari abavuze ko ngo icyo kintu cy’ibisasu byaturikiye mu Mujyi wa Bujumbura cyaba cyagizwemo uruhare n’abasirikare batishimiye gukomeza koherezwa muri Congo mu gihe bazi ko iyo ntambara atari iyabo mu by’ukuri, kandi ko abagiyeyo biba birangiye, nta cyo imiryango yabo imenya, ndetse ko ntacyo ihabwa nk’imishahara, cyangwa se impozamarira ku bagwa kuri urwo rugamba.

Ruhashya avuga ko ikibazo gihari ahanini, ari uko abahorezwa kuri urwo rugamba atari abasirikare nyabo, kubera ko ngo bafata abasore b’imbonerakure bakigishwa gusa uko barasa nta kindi, bivuze ko biba ari abasivili bigishijwe kurasa bakoherezwa ku rugamba, iyo akaba ari nayo mpamvu barugwaho ari benshi.

Abashinwa bashyinguwe aho i Rulindo, bibukwa nk’intwari zatakarije ubuzima mu bikorwa bigamije gushyigikira iterambere ry’u Rwanda.

Uretse abakozi ba Ambasade y’u Bushinwa mu Rwanda, bari muri icyo gikorwa, hari n’abahagarariye itsinda ry’abaganga b’Abashinwa, ibigo by’Abashinwa bikorera mu Rwanda, ndetse n’abagize umuryango w’Abashinwa batuye mu Rwanda na bo bitabiriye uwo muhango.

Abashyinguwe muri izo mva ziri mu Karere ka Rulindo, ni Abashinwa icumi baguye mu mpanuka zitandukanye hagati y’imyaka 1985-1993 ubwo bakoraga umuhanda Kigali-Musanze.

Abahagarariye igihugu cy’u Bushinwa mu Rwanda basabye abaturage b’u Rwanda ko bajya bahora bazirikana ubwo bwitange, kandi bakarushaho kubungabunga ibikorwa byatumye bagenzi babo batakaza ubuzima bwabo.

Umunsi wo gusura no gusukura imva mu Bushinwa witwa Umunsi wa ‘Qingming’, uba buri mwaka hagati y’itariki ya 4-6 Mata.

Muri uyu mwaka wa 2026, iminsi y’ikiruhuko ijyanye na wo iteganyijwe kuva tariki ya 4 kugeza ku ya 6 Mata. Ni umunsi mukuru w’icyo gihugu, aho imiryango yibuka abakurambere bayo, isukura imva zabo kandi ikaziha icyubahiro.

Uwo munsi kandi ufatwa nk’umunsi w’Abatagatifu bose w’Abashinwa (Toussaint chinois)”, ukajyana no kwibuka abitabye Imana, kwita ku mva zabo, gutanga amaturo (nk’indabyo n’ibiribwa)...

Ibi ngibi biri mu myanzuro y’inama y’Abaminisitiri yateranye kuri uyu wa Kane tariki 2 Mata, iyobowe na Perezida wa Repubulika Paul Kagame muri Village Urugwiro.

CP Theos Badege yakoze imirimo itandukanye mu gihugu mu myaka yashize, ariko yamenyekanye cyane ubwo yari Umuvugizi wa Polisi y’Igihugu (RNP) mu bihe bibiri bitandukanye, aho yagiye kuri uwo mwanya bwa mbere muri Mutarama 2011.

Nyuma yaje kongera kuwushyirwamo mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 2016 nk’Umukomiseri ushinzwe imikoranire n’itangazamakuru akaba n’umuvugizi wa Polisi y’u Rwanda. Yakoze izo nshingano kugeza mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2018.

CP Theos Badege agizwe Komiseri Mukuru wungirije wa RCS, nyuma y’uko yari amaze igihe akorera muri ‘Interpol’ cyangwa se Polisi mpuzamahanga. Agiye kuri uwa mwanya kandi asimbuye DCG Rose Muhisoni, wari Komiseri mukuru wungirije wa RCS guhera mu 2021.

Dore imyanzuro y’Inama y’Abaminisitiri:

Yagize ati “Hari ikibazo mu buziranenge bw’ibiryo by’amatungo, aho bimwe biba bidapimye, inzego zishinzwe gupima ubuziranenge ntizibikora ku buryo buhoraho, haracyagaragara abaturage bakora ibiryo by’amatungo mu buryo butemewe. Izi nshingano rero zigomba kugenzurwa, Leta irimo gukorana n’inganda zemewe zikora ibiryo by’amatungo, kugira ngo zongere ubwiza n’ubuziranenge bw’ibiryo zikora, no kubigeza ku borozi ku buryo bwihuse. …Uko byakorwaga, akenshi wasangaga ubugenzuzi ari bucye, ariko Leta iteganya kongera abagenzuzi bigenga bafasha muri urwo rwego”.

Kuri icyo kibazo cy’ubuziranenge bw’ibiryo by’amatungo, Senateri Nyinawamwiza Leatitia yavuze ko hari inganda zibivangira mu Rwanda, ariko ibyo zikoresha byaraturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye, akabaza niba ibyiza atari uko buri kintu cyose gikoreshwa mu biryo by’amatungo cyajya gipimwa ukwacyo, hanyuma na nyuma imvange y’ibyo byose bikoreshwa ikazapimwa ubuziranenge. Ikindi yasabye ko n’abacuruza ibyo biryo by’amatungo bajya bagenzurwa cyane, kubera ko hari abagurisha ibyo barangura mu nganda, byashira bakagurisha ibiryo by’amatungo bikorera bo ubwabo kandi mu buryo butemewe.

Yagize ati “Muri bwa buziranenge twasanze n’ubundi ahenshi ntibupimwa, n’aho bupimwa ni gacyeya, ni inshuro nkeya, mwatweretse ingamba ni byo, ariko inganda zo muri kuzongera zikora ibiryo, bya biryo biza ari ibikorwamo ibiryo kimwe ku kindi, byagera hano bagakora imvange. Ese bwa buziranenge bazapima ibyo bikorwamo ibiryo biva hanze (raw materials)? Cyangwa bazajya bapima ya mvange yamaze gukorerwa hano? Ngira ngo byombi birakenewe, kuko twaje gusanga na hacyeya bipimwa, bapima ya mvange yamaze kuvangwa…”.

Asubiza icyo kibazo, Minisitiri Dr Ndabamenye yagize ati, “ Nyakubahwa Senateri, ngira ngo icyo gushaka hano, ni ukubaka uru ruhererekane rw’uko ibiryo by’amatungo bikorwa, kuko mu by’ukuri wabonaga ko nyine harimo akajagari, ariko muri iyo nzira yose (value chain) harimo urwego rw’abikorera, twifuza ko Leta yabafasha mu kugira amabwiriza, n’ibigenderwaho … mu buryo bwo guhuza ibigenderwaho (standards) zo mu gihugu n’izo hanze aho bituruka, buri rwego rufite icyo rukora hagamijwe kugera ku muti urambye…”.

Minisitiri w’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi, Dr Telesphore Ndabamenye

Senateri Nkubana Alphonse we yagaragaje impungenge z’ibyo biryo bitujuje ubuziranenge bishobora gutera ku bantu, niba amatungo abirya akagira ingaruka, ngo ni ibyumvikana ko n’abantu barya inyama zayo cyangwa se bakanywa amata y’amatungo yariye ibitujuje ubuziranenge na bo baba bashobora kugira ikibazo.

Yagize ati, “ Niba ibyo biryo bitujuje ubuziranenge bigira ingaruka mbi ku matungo, ku bantu ho ntibigira ingaruka mbi? Abantu bariye inyama, abantu banyoye amata y’ayo matungo? Impamvu mbivuga ni uko, niba igisubizo ari yego, abantu bacuruza ibiryo by’amatungo, bafatwa nk’abantu bacuruza uburozi mu by’ukuri, kuko niba ibyo biryo bishobora kuza bikica amatungo, n’abariye ayo matungo ngira ngo byaba bibafiteho ingaruka. Harimo ubwihutirwe mu kurwanya abo bantu bacuruza ibyo biryo bitujuje ubuziranenge…”.

Asubiza icyo kibazo, Minisitiri Dr Ndabamenye yagize ati “Kugaburira amatungo ibintu bipfuye…ngira ngo itegeko ry’ubuhinzi riri mu nzira, icyo gika (chapitre) kirimo. Nta nubwo ari ukuvuga ngo yafashe ibiryo bipfuye abigaburira amatungo arapfa, ahubwo hari no kuba wafata itungo rirwaye, ukaba watuma rijyanwa mu nzira yo kuba ryatunganywamo ibiryo. Ngira ngo rero ibyo byose bifite amategeko abihana…”.

Iryo tegeko rihindura ingingo ya 319 y’Itegeko mpanabyaha, rikaba ryari ryatowe ku bwiganze bukomeye n’Abadepite b’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ku wa 11 Werurwe 2026.

Nta mudepite n’umwe wigeze atanga ubujurire mu gihe cyari cyateganyijwe ngo agaragaze ko iryo tegeko ridakwiye gutorwa, bityo nta cyari gisigaye cyabuza ishyirwaho ry’iryo tegeko rigamije gukaza ibihano ku baryamana bahuje ibitsina.

Ni itegeko ryatowe ku majwi 135 y’Abadepite, nta n’umwe warirwanyije, mu gihe batatu bo bahisemo kwifata. Iryo tegeko rishyigikiwe n’abaturage benshi aho muri Senegal, cyane ko ishyaka PASTEF riri ku butegetsi ryari ryabigize umwe mu mihigo yaryo y’ibanze, mu gihe cyo kwiyayamaza mu matora.

Mbere y’uko iryo tegeko rishya ritorwa, ibihano byari hagati y’umwaka umwe n’imyaka itanu kuri ibyo bikorwa byiswe “ibinyuranyije n’umuco kamere bifitanye isano n’imibonano mpuzabitsina hagati y’abantu babiri bahuje igitsina”.

Muri iryo tegeko rishya, ibihano byahinduwe biba hagati y’imyaka itanu n’icumi y’igifungo, hakiyongeraho n’ihazabu ishobora kugera kuri miliyoni 10 z’amafaranga CFA (hafi Amayero 15.200). Hari kandi igihano kinini kurusha ibindi, gishyirwaho iyo icyo cyaha gikorewe ku mwana utarageza ku myaka y’ubukure.

Ikindi gishya gikomeye kiri muri iryo tegeko, ni uko ibihano byongerewe no ku bantu bose bashinjwa “gushyigikira cyangwa kwamamaza” abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, harimo kubugaragaza mu ruhame, kubwamamaza, kubutera inkunga cyangwa kubushyigikira, haba ku giti cy’umuntu cyangwa ku miryango.

Ikindi kandi, iryo tegeko riteganya icyo Leta yise uburyo bwo kwirinda amakosa, aho umuntu uzashinja undi ibinyoma ku byerekeye icyo cyaha bikamenyekana ko abeshya, ashobora guhanishwa igifungo cy’imyaka ibiri kugeza kuri itatu, ndetse n’ihazabu iri hagati ya 200,000 na 500,000 z’amafaranga CFA (hafi Amayero 305 kugeza kuri 760).

Muri icyo kiganiro, hagarutswe ku kibazo cyakunze kubaho mu gihe cyashize cyane cyane ku mashuri yo mu bice by’icyaro, aho ishuri ryashoboraga guhabwa za mudasobwa zo gufasha abarimu mu myigishirize yabo, ariko hamwe na hamwe bagahitamo kuzitwikira ibitambaro bakazibika, birinda ko bazikoraho zikangirika.

Umwe mu bakurikiye ikiganiro yabajije igikorwa kugira abarimu bahawe ikoranabuhanga hirya no hino, nabo bagire uruhare mu guhanga udushya baryifashishije, ku buryo byafasha amashuri yo mu cyaro. Icyo kibazo cyahujwe n’icy’uko hari abatinya gukoresha ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga nka za mudasobwa n’ibindi.

Ndayambaje Thomas umukozi wa Minisiteri y’ikoranabuhanga na Inovasiyo ushinzwe ibikorwaremezo by’ikoranabuhanga, wari muri icyo kiganiro, yemeje ko ikibazo cy’abarimu batinya za mudasobwa kitakibaho, ko ubu cyakemutse.

Yagize ati, “ …Ndumva icyo cyari ikibazo cy’imyumvire, ariko nkurikije amasuzuma tugenda dukora, ubona ko ibyinshi byarakemutse, nta mwarimu ugitinya ‘computer’ (mudasobwa), ntawugitinya kuyikoresha, kubera ko ‘system’ yacu iri mu ikoranabuhanga (digital), ubu nta kintu kijyanye n’uburezi kigikoreshwa intoki (manual), urumva rero ko baba bagomba kumenya gukoresha ikoranabuhanga, niba ari ugushyira amanota muri ‘system’, aba agomba kubimenya akayashyiramo akoresheje ikoranabuhanga. Nta yandi mahitamo aba afite. Ibyinshi byari nk’ibitekerezo cyangwa se imyumvire bari bafite, ariko ubona ko byagiye birangira. Wenda hashobora kuba hari abagihari, bacyeya, ariko ndakeka ko ari bacye cyane. Ni bacye cyane”.

Uwo muyobozi yemeje ko mu bijyanye no gutanga umuyoboro wa murandasi mu bigo by’amashuri, bigeze ahantu heza, kuko bigeze ku kigero cya 90% , naho umuyoboro wa murandasi unyura mu butaka (fibre optique), bikaba bigeze ku birometero 30, hakaba hari na gahunda yo kuzajya hatangwa uwo muyoboro wa murandasi bijyanye n’uko umuriro ugenda ukwirakwizwa bikagendana. Guhera mu 2022, hashingiwe kuri politiki nshya y’ikoranabuhanga, hari amashuri ari mu bice by’icyaro aho bigoye kugeza ibikorwaremezo birimo umuriro w’amashanyarazi n’ibindi, ayo akaba yaratangiye guhabwa murandasi hakoreshejwe za ‘solar panels’, ayandi akayihabwa hifashishijwe ‘satellite’ .

Ndayambaje kandi yasobanuye ko mu mwaka w’amashuri 2023-2024, amashuri yari afite murandasi yari 3082, ariko bijyanye n’imbaraga Leta ishyira muri gahunda yo gutanga murandasi n’umusaruro igenda itanga, ubu mu 2026 amashuri amaze kuyibona ni 4184, mu gihe amashuri ahari muri rusange ari 4996, bivuze ko amashuri asigaye adafite murandasi ari 812 amenshi muri ayo, akaba ari mu bice bigoye kugezwamo ibikorwaremezo cyane cyane umuriro kuko ari wo ushingirwaho byose.

Reba ikiganiro cyose unyuze hano:

Munyeragwe Gaspard

Mu buhamya bwe, yagize ati “Nari impunzi y’Umunyarwanda, nahunze mu 1994, mpungira muri Repubulika ya Congo , icyo gihe yitwaga Zaire, nyuma tuza kubona ko kugumayo nta gaciro bifite, tuza gufata icyemezo cyo kugaruka mu rwatubyaye, kuko twabonaga turimo guta igihe muri icyo gihugu. Ubwo rero twageze muri Mutobo, itwakira neza nk’Abanyarwanda, tutabitekerezaga ko batwakira gutyo. None rero kugeza kuri uyu munsi, yego Mutobo yatwakiriye neza, ariko ibyo mbonye hano ni agahebuzo”.

Yakomeje avuga ko abonye uwo mukino wabereye kuri Sitade Ubworoherane, yabonye ari nk’igitangaza ku bantu batahutse barahoze bitwaje ibirwanisho. Kuko waberetse byinshi, aho babonye abanyeshuri bari bayuzuye iyo Sitade kandi bavangavanze bose baje kureba uwo.

Yagize ati, “ Ibikorwa byabereye hano, uyu mukino wabereye hano, igihugu cyose cyawumvise kandi cyawubonye, ukurikije iterambere ririho ry’itangazamakuru. Ubwo rero icyo twashishikariza abasigaye hanze, ni uko ibihuha babaha, kandi nabo bakaba babyiboneye dukurikije abanyamakuru uko babitangaje, babonye ko ibyo bababeshyaga byose, bidashoboka”.

Yavuze ko, ari umukino wahuje abantu batandukanye ari abaturage bo hanze baje kuwureba, ari abanyeshuri bo mu bigo bikikije iyo Sitade nabo ngo bawurebye, ibyo bikagaragaza ko igihugu gifite ubwiyunge bw’Abanyarwanda.

Yagize ati, “ Nta muntu utarebye uyu mukino , n’aba banyeshuri babonye bano bakinnyi (abaturutse mu Kigo cya Mutobo), n’abaje babaherekeje, babona ari ibintu bidasanzwe, kubona abantu bari bitwaje ibirwanisho, barimo barwana bashaka gutera igihugu, bakaba bageze ahangaha, bakabona umukino barimo gukina, bakabona ubumwe bagiranye n’abo basanze, n’abayobozi babo bateranye, ari abayobozi b’Ikigo, ari abayobozi ba komisiyo bose bari bateraniye hano. Ubwo rero twabonye ko ari ibintu bidasanzwe, ko ari ibintu byo kwamamaza hirya no hino, cyane cyane ku bantu basigaye mu mashyamba nabo bakumva. Babonye ibingibi, bose nkeka ko nta n’umwe wasigarayo”.

Ikigo cya Mutobo gishinzwe kwakira no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abahoze ari abarwanyi mu mitwe yitwaza intwaro, (Mutobo Demobilization and Reintegration Centre ) cyashinzwe mu 2001, nubwo nta mibare yo muri uyu mwaka wa 2026 y’abamaze kunyura muri icyo kigo, ariko kuva icyo kigo gitangiye kugeza mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 2025, cyari kimaze kunyuzwamo abasaga 13.000 . Abanyura muri icyo kigo ni abahoze ari abarwanyi mu mitwe yitwaza intwaro, bahanyura bagahabwa amahugurwa n’ibikoresho bitandukanye bibafasha kwinjira mu buzima busanzwe bwa gisivili.

Twagirimana Jean: Uku ni ko yitaba Telefone

Mu 1985, Twagirimana yavukiye mu Karere ka Bugesera, mu Murenge wa Rilima, avuka ari bucura mu muryango w’abana umunani.

Iki cyari igihe kigoye cyane ku buzima bw’abana bafite ubumuga, kuko imyumvire y’umuryango nyarwanda ku bavukanye ubumuga yari ikiri hasi cyane.

Ababyeyi benshi muri icyo gihe iyo babyaraga abana bafite ubumuga babifataga nk’igisebo, ugasanga babahisha, ntibabemerere kujya aho abandi bari cyangwa se ngo babajyane mu mashuri. Abenshi bibwiraga ko uwavukanye ubumuga nta gaciro aba afite.

Icyakora, Twagirimana we ngo yagize umugisha wo kwiga kuko yisanze mu muryango umukunda cyane.

N’ubwo yari akunzwe cyane, muri uyu muryango, Twagirimana yibuka cyane ko mushiki we akurikira, ari we wamubaga hafi mu byo akeneye byose, ndetse na mukuru we wamurushaga imyaka ine.

Agira ati, “Ibijyanye no kwiyuhagira, kwambara, kujya mu bwiherero, ndetse n’indi mirimo ntashoboraga kwikorera, nayifashwaga na mukuru wanjye. Icyakora, iyo atabaga ahari, mushiki wanjye nkurikira yambaga hafi cyane.”

Twagirimana ntiyagize amahirwe yo kubana na se igihe kinini, kuko yapfuye mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri Mata 1994. Nyamara ntibyamushyize mu bwigunge kuko nyina yakomeje kubungabunga abana bose, ariko yagera kuri Twagirimana, akarushaho kumwereka ko hari byinshi amutegerejeho.

Aha, ngo yamushishikarizaga kwiga, kandi akamwereka ko nta ntege nke afite zatuma umuryango ugomba guhora umwigengesereye. Ibyo byamufashaga kumva ko ashoboye kimwe na bakuru be.

Aha, ngo ntiyamubuzaga nko gusimbuka, cyangwa gukina n’abandi bana atinya ko bashobora kumugusha.

Agira ati “Ntiyigeze amfata nk’umwana udasanzwe wenda ngo antandukanye n’abandi. Yabonaga ari ibisanzwe, ariko akabwira abo tuvukana ko bagomba kumesera imyenda no kumfasha mu bindi ntashoboye. Nta kintu cyo kundinda cyane mama yagiraga…"

Ubusanzwe, ahantu uba ugomba kwitwararika abafite ubumuga, ngo ni mu gihe ubona hari ibibazo cyangwa se inzitizi zikomeye bafite, nko mu gihe cy’intambara.

Aha, ngo usanga badafite imbaraga zo kurwanira ibyo kurya mu mpunzi, bakaba bakenera ubareberera. Ariko ubundi mu buzima busanzwe `ngo uramureka, akabaho nk’abandi bana, mu tubaraga ducyeya afite, akareba uko adukoresha akirwanaho.

Kuri ibyo rero, Twagirimana agira ati “ Kurinda umwana cyane ngo ni uko amugaye, ntabwo ari byiza. Bituma umwana ufite ubumuga yumva ko hari abamutekerereza, akumva ararinzwe cyane, bigatuma adatekereza, ngo yumve ko nawe yakwirwanaho”.

Twagirimana atangiye ishuri

Twagirimana, ageze igije cyo gutangira ishuri, atarengejeho umwaka n’umwe, ababyeyi be bamushyiriye Umupadiri w’Umutaliyani witwaga Joseph Minghuetti ( Abanyarwanda bitaga Mingeti), wari ufite ikigo cyakira abana bavukanye ubumuga, bwaba ubwo kutumva, kutavuga, kutabona, n’ubw’ingingo.

Muri kiriya kigo, abana barakirwaga, bakarerwa neza nk’abari mu muryango, bakavuzwa, ndetse bakitabwaho mu bundi buryo bwose. Iyo umwana yagezaga igihe cyo gutangira ishuri, yajyanwaga ku mashuri abanza ya Leta yari aho i Rilima, akiga ataha muri icyo kigo.

Icyakora arangije umwaka wa kabiri, ababyeyi be bamenye ko Padiri Minghuetti yavuye Rilima akajya gushinga ikindi kigo gisa nk’icyo i Nyamata. Ubwo rero na we bahise bamwimura kuko bari bazi neza ko ari we umufasha neza.

Muri ibyo byose, naho Twagirimana yagiye afashwa na bagenzi be, kuko bumvaga bamugomba urukundo.

Muri abo bana, uwo atazibagirwa ni uwitwaga Claude, wamutwazaga ibikoresho ku ishuri, akamufasha kujya mu bwiherero ku ishuri, akamutwaza agatebe kagufi yicaragaho ngo abone uko yandika akoresheje ibirenge n’ibindi.

N’ubwo bari barahuriye aho mu Kigo nta handi baziranye, Claude yamufataga nk’umuvandimwe we.

Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, yatangiye Twagirimana yarajyanywe i Rilima kubera ko ngo hari hari gahunda y’inzobere z’abaganga zari zitegerejwe, zagombaga kuza kuvura abana bafite ubumuga bukomeye, kandi na Twagurimana yari muri abo. Icyakora iyo gahunda yaburijwemo na Jenoside.

Nyuma ya Jenoside, nyina yamusubije ku ishuri, atangira ayisumbuye, imyaka itatu ibanza (tronc-commun) ayirangiriza i Rilima, ajya kwiga kuri APPEGA -Gahengeri mu Karere ka Rwamagana, mu Ishami ry’indimi n’ubuvanganzo (Lettres).

Aha hose kandi, nabwo ngo yagendaga yunganirwa n’abanyeshuri bagenzi be bajyaga ibihe byo kumufasha, buri wese akamwitaho icyumweru kimwe, undi na we agafata ikindi.

Icyakora, icyo batamufashaga ni ukwiga, kuko byo, aho yanyuze hose yabaga abayoboye mu kugira amanota meza. Hari n’aho abarimu bacyuriraga abanyeshuri ukuntu mugenzi wabo abarusha, kandi adafite amaboko yo kwandikisha.

Twagirimana agiye muri Kaminuza…akazi

Twagirimana ashoje amashuri yisumbuye, yatsinze neza, maze abona buruse imujyana muri Kaminuza y’Inderabarezi, KIE.

Arangije aha ngaha, yagiye gukora muri Porogaramu yari yarashyizweho na Leta yo gufasha abarimu kumenya uko bategura amasomo mu rurimi rw’Icyongereza.

Yaje rero gukomeza mu cyiciro cya gatatu cya Kaminuza (Masters) i Nairobi muri Kenya mu bijyanye no kwigisha abana bafite ubumuga, ayirangiza mu 2016.

Agarutse mu Rwanda muri kiriya gihe, yahuriranye n’impunzi nyinshi z’Abarundi zari zimaze amezi macye zihungiye mu Rwanda, maze afasha mu kwinjiza abana b’impunzi n’abafite ubumuga mu mashuri, binyuze muri gahunda y’uburezi budaheza (inclusive education), aho yakoreraga mu Kigo cya Handcap Interantional.

Yagize ati,”Iyo ahantu havuye intambara haba hari abana bamugaye benshi, bamwe bacitse amaguru n’ibindi. Icyo gihe twafashaga mu kubashyira mu mashuri. Ikindi, twafashaga abarimu kumenya uko wategura isomo ry’umwana ufite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe, akaba ari mu ishuri hamwe n’abandi ariko batarimo kwiga ibintu bimwe…”.

Umukozi wa World Vision

Uyu munsi, Twagirimana ni umukozi wa World Vision Rwanda, aho afasha mu bukangurambaga ku miryango ifite abana bafite ubumuga. Icyo babigisha, ni uguha abana uburenganzira bwabo kimwe n’abandi, bakabajyana kwiga, bakabagurira imyambaro n’ibindi.

Yagize ati,” Muri gahunda ya World Vision yo gufasha imiryango ikennye kubona uko yazamura imibereho. Jyewe nshinzwe by’umwihariko kureba abana bari muri iyo miryango bafite ubumuga."

Akazi ka Twagirimana, ni ukureba uko abo bana bakwiga, uko imiryango yabo yazamura imibereho yabo n’ibindi, dore ko akenshi usanga aba bana bari baratawe.

Avuga ko iyo umubyeyi abyaye umwana ufite ubumuga, akibwira ko ntacyo azamumarira, asa n’urekuye, akamushyira ku ruhande ntabone uburenganzira bwe. Mu cyaro, imiryango igifite iyo myumvire ngo iracyahari cyane.

Twagirimana avuga ko yumva yishimye cyane iyo abonye ko nawe agira uruhare mu gufasha abandi kugira ubuzima bwiza n’ubwo afite ubumuga. Kuko aho kuba uwo gufashwa ubu nawe abafasha umubare munini w’abantu.

Yagize ati, “ Ntabwo numva ko hari ibintu bihambaye cyane nkora, ariko numva binshimishije cyane gufasha abantu bari mu cyiciro cy’ubuzima nanjye mbarizwamo.

Ndishima iyo mbonye umubyeyi tumwigisha, hanyuma akemera kuvana umwana mu rugo, akamujyana aho abandi bari, kuko burya aba afunguye inzira ze”.

“Ikindi biranshimisha gukora ibyo nkora, kuko hari ababyeyi bambona bakamfata nk’ikitegererezo kuri abo bana bafite ubumuga. Bakavuga bati ubwo uriya nawe byakunze, n’uwanjye byakunda, ibyo bikaba byatuma yumva ko akwiye kumwohereza ku ishuri…”

Yita ku muryango nyarwanda, na wo ukamwitaho

Imirimo yose akora, yaba iyo mu kazi, ndetse n’iyo mu rugo, Twagirimana ayikoresha amaguru/ibirenge, mu mwanya w’intoki, kuko amaboko ye adashobora gukora.

Ubwo na raporo z’akazi nibwo buryo azikora.

Nk’uko n’undi muntu uwo ari we wese agira ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru gukora cyane, maze bakagira bati “kanaka akoresha indyo, kanaka akoresha imoso, Twagirimana na we akoresha indyo.

Mu yandi magambo, ukuguru kwe kw’i buryo n’ikirenge, ni byo bimufasha gukora imirimo myinshi, ariko nk’uko bisanzwe mu buzima, ingingo zose ziruzuzanya, hari aho bisaba ko amaguru yose akora.

Mu byo yikorera harimo kwigaburira no kwikorera isuku yo mu kanwa n’ibindi.

Ariko hari n’ibindi bikorwa atashobora gukora kubera uko ubumuga bwe bumeze, nko kumesa, gutera ipasi, guteka n’ibindi. Ibyo bisaba ko afashwa n’umuntu bari kumwe kuko atabyishoboza.

Aha ngaha Twagirimana agira ati “ mu buzima bwanjye bwose, haba ku kazi, haba aho ngenda hose, mpasanga abantu banyitaho. Ubu buzima tubamo, ni ubuzima bukenerana.”

Mu 2017, Twagirimana yashinze urugo, ashakana n’umwe mu bakobwa bari bariganye mu mashuri yisumbuye, ubu bafitanye abana babiri umuhungu n’umukobwa.

Mullally yimitswe ku mugaragaro ku wa Gatatu tariki tariki 25 Werurwe 2026, nk’umugore wa mbere ubaye umuyobozi w’ikirenga mu by’umwuka w’Abangilikani ku Isi, mu muhango wabereye muri katedrali ya Canterbury, mu majyepfo y’iburasirazuba bw’icyo gihugu.

Uwo mugore wahoze ari umuforomo w’umubyaza yanditse amateka yo kuba Musenyeri (archevêque) wa Canterbury.

Ni we mugore wa mbere uyoboye iryo torero rifite amateka maremare ry’Abangilikani, rifite abayoboke bagera kuri miliyoni 85 ku isi.

Umuhango wo kwimika Mullally w’imyaka 63 wakorewe kuri Katedrali ya Canterbury, witabirwa n’abantu bagera ku bihumbi bibiri barimo n’umuragwa w’ingoma (igikomangoma), William n’umugore we Catherine.

Nk’uko bisanzwe bikorwa, umuhango watangiye Sarah Mullally akubita inkoni inshuro eshatu ku muryango ureba i Burengerazuba wa Katedrali asaba kwinjira.

Yari yambaye ikanzu y’umuhondo umeze nk’izahabu, yakiriwe n’abanyeshuri b’aho bamubaza impamvu yoherejwe. Yasubije ati: “Noherejwe nka Musenyeri kugira ngo mbakorere, kwamamaza urukundo rwa Kristo no gufatanya namwe kumuramya no kumukunda n’umutima wanjye wose, n’ubugingo bwanjye bwose, n’ubwenge bwanjye bwose n’imbaraga zanjye zose.”

Umuhango warangiye Sarah Mullally yicajwe ku ntebe ebyiri zitandukanye. Izo ntebe zigaragaza cyangwa se zishushanya, inshingano ebyiri afite mu gihe ari muri uwo mwanya, harimo kuba umwepiskopi wa diyosezi ya Canterbury no kuba umuyobozi w’ikirenga mu by’umwuka w’Abangilikani ku isi yose.

Uwabanjirije Mullally kuri uwo mwanya witwa Justin Welby, yatangaje ko yeguye ku buyobozi bw’Itorero ry’u Bwongereza mu Ugushyingo 2024, kubera intege nke yavuze ko zagaragaye mu bijyanye n’icyaha cy’ihohoterwa (abus).

Yeguye nyuma y’uko raporo igaragaje ko iryo torero ryahishiriye ikibazo cy’ihohoterwa ryakomeje gukorwa kuva mu myaka ya 1970, kandi ko atigeze abimenyesha inzego zibishinzwe igihe yabimenyeshejwe mu 2013.

Sarah Mullally yashimangiye ko yiyemeje “gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo Itorero rirusheho kuba ahantu hatekanye no gufasha neza abakorewe ihohoterwa n’abarirokotse.”

Mu kiganiro yahaye Ikinyamakuru BBC muri iki cyumweru, yavuze ko Itorero “ririmo gushaka kurushaho gusobanukirwa ibikomere byatewe n’ihohoterwa no kumva abakorewe ihohoterwa n’abarirokotse.”

Itorero ry’u Bwongereza ryabaye itorero ryemewe n’icyo gihugu nyuma y’uko Umwami Henry VIII atandukanyije n’Itorero Gatolika mu myaka ya 1530.

Umwami w’u Bwongereza ni we muyobozi mukuru waryo, naho archevêque wa Canterbury afatwa nk’umuyobozi w’ikirenga mu by’umwuka w’Abangilikani ku isi yose.

Sarah Mullally, ufite umugabo n’abana babiri, abaye Musenyeri wa Canterbury wa 106, aho uwa mbere yashyizweho mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya gatandatu. Yamaze imyaka irenga 30 akora mu rwego rw’ubuzima mu Bwongereza (National Health Service), aho yanabaye umuforomokazi mukuru w’u Bwongereza mu 1999.

Yahawe ubusaseridoti mu 2002, aza kuba umugore wa mbere wabaye umwepiskopi wa Londres mu 2018, nyuma y’imyaka ine gusa Itorero ritangiye kwemera abagorera kuba abepiskopi.

Ni ikintu cyabanjirijwe n’impaka ndende hagati y’impande zitandukanye. Amatorero amwe yo mu muryango w’Abangilikani yemereye abagore kuba abepiskopi kuva kera, aho uwa mbere yashyizweho muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu 1989.

Itorero Angilikani ry’u Rwanda ryatangaje ko ritemera ishyirwaho rya Musenyeri Sarah Mullally nka Musenyeri wa Canterbury , nk’uko byatangajwe n’Umuyobozi mukuru w’Abangilikani mu Rwanda, Musenyeri Laurent Mbanda, avuga ko “ Abakirisito benshi bo muri Angilikani bemera ko Bibiliya isaba umurimo w’Ubwepisikopi ukorwa n’igitsinagabo gusa”.

Mu bibazo by’ingenzi yibukije abo bayobozi ko bagomba kubyitaho, harimo ibibazo birebana n’umuryango, harimo ibihungabanya uburenganzira bw’abana, ariko n’imibare y’ingo zisenyuka ikomeje kuba myinshi, ku buryo bitari bikwiye ko abayobozi bakomeza kubirebera batyo, ngo bavuge ko babihariye Imana.

Yagize ati, “ Hari ibindi bijya mu buzima bw’abaturage, murabizi hari abana bava mu mashuri, bakajya mu bindi, ngira ngo ubu na byo byabaye nk’irushanwa mu Turere, kuvuga ngo abafite benshi kurusha abandi ni ba nde? Abo bana bakajya mu biyobyabwenge, bakajya mu bindi byaha biturutse ahongaho cyane cyane, rwose ubu ugiye kureba mu mibare ya Polisi ukuntu ibintu bimeze, ntabwo ari ibintu twifuza, ntabwo ari ibintu Igihugu gikeneye, ntabwo ari ibintu mukwiye kuba mwemera bikaba”.

“Hari uburyo bwo kubirwanya rero, n’iyo utabitsinda burundu, ariko hari imbaraga zigomba gukoreshwa bikagabanuka ku buryo bushoboka. Abana bata amashuri batabuze ikiyabishyurira, bakajya gukora ibyaha bitandukanye mu muhanda ntabwo bikwiye. Nabyo mugomba kubirwanya muhereye mu miryango yabo”.

“Mwebwe abayobozi bamwe, nk’abayobozi bashinzwe imiryango icumi. Unanirwa ute kubana n’abantu icumi, ngo mwicare mutekereze icyo mwakorera abo bantu (community). Ariko birashoboka, ubwo ni ukuvuga ngo niba udashobora kuyobora imiryango icumi, birumvikana ko biba byahereye no k’uwawe, kuko utawuyobora neza. Ibyo bibazo na byo mubikurikirane vuba vuba bive mu nzira”.

“Nimurebe ukuntu mwafasha imiryango y’Abanyarwanda, abana n’abafite ababyeyi bakiri kumwe, ni nk’aho batabafite. Noneho n’iyo miryango nayo, urebye imibare bahoze banyereka, ukuntu imiryango isenyuka, nabyo byerekana ko habuze n’uwagerageza kubegera ngo abafashe, nibura hakagira ikira, mu muryango icumi, nubwo warokoramo itanu, ubwo uba wakoze. Ariko hagomba kugira igikorwa. Cyangwa twararekeye gusa, twabirekeye kuvuga ngo ni ah’Imana?….”.

Kuri icyo kibazo cy’imiryango isenyuka ikomeza kugenda yiyongera, raporo y’Urwego rw’Ubucamanza yagaragaje ko mu mwaka wa 2024/2025, haburanishijwe imanza 2.674 z’abashakanye basaba gutandukana, mu gihe mu mwaka wari wawubanjirije wa 2023-2024, imanza zo muri urwo rwego zari 2.338.

Reba ibindi muri iyi Video:

Ibibazo bahuriyeyo, ubuzima buryana bw’ubuhunzi, ntibwababujije gukomeza umuco wo kwanga ikibi no guharanira icyiza, nk’uko batozwaga na se, wabyirukiye mu Kiliziya cyo kwa Padiri, mu Bukarani bwa Paruwasi.

Umwana wa gatatu uvukana n’abavandimwe batandatu twahisemo kwita Mujawamariya Barnadette kuko yasabye kutagaragaza amazina ye, yageze mu Burundi yiga bimugoye, kubera ibibazo by’ubuhunzi.

Mu gihe cye, yabonye ababikira arabakunda cyane, ndetse aza no kumenyana na bamwe muri bo akajya ajya kubasura, akababaza ibisabwa kugira ngo umukobwa yihe Imana, maze asanga arabyujuje, ku myaka 19 yinjira mu Babikira.

Ikibikira kigira amategeko yihariye, ndetse akarishye. Kuri iyi myaka, Mujawamariya yagombaga kumara imyaka itatu yiga amasomo y’ibanze, kandi atagera hanze ngo abe yasura umuryango we, na wo udashobora kumugeraho.
Iyo myaka irangiye, bakoze amasezerano ya mbere bambara ivara mu mutwe, baba ababikira bemewe mu 1990.

Amaze kuba umubikira, Mujawamariya yagiye gukomeza amashuri yisumbuye ahitwa Buta mu Burundi, yiga igiforomo, maze nyuma y’imyaka ibiri abona impamyabumenyi.

Mujawamariya n’Abakada ba FPR Inkotanyi

Iyicwa ry’uwari Perezida w’u Burundi Melchior Ndadaye mu 1993 ryakurikiwe n’imivurungano, maze benshi bava mu byabo, harimo n’ababikira bahungiye mu rugo rw’abihaye Imana rwa Mujawamariya mu Mujyi wa Bujumbura.

Ibi byatumye umubare w’ababikira uba munini, maze bamwe babimurira mu rugo bari bafite i Buvira muri Zaire y’icyo gihe. Mujawamariya na we yagiye muri abo, ariko nyuma gato agarurwa mu Burundi, kuko yamenye ko ababyeyi be bagezweho n’izo mvururu mu Cibitoke. Mujawamariya yaraje yimurira ababyeyi be i Bujumbura, nuko akomereza umurimo mu ivuriro ry’i Muyinga.

Muri iyo minsi, mu Rwanda hari haratangiye umwuka mubi w’abari mu mashyaka birirwaga barwana, kandi Mujawamariya yamenyaga amakuru yaho ayakuye ku bitwaga ‘Abakada’ba FPR Inkotanyi.

Akenshi we ngo yakundaga guhura n’Abakada ku cyumweru nimugoroba muri gahunda yo gusura abakene Abanyarwanda benshi bahuriragamo.

Mu 1994, Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yaratangiye mu Rwanda, maze abatutsi bamwe bashobora guhungira i Burundi.

Umunsi umwe, Mujawamariya na mugenzi we w’Umunyarwandakazi, bava ku kazi basabye umuyobozi wabo wo ku rwego rw’Intara (Mère provinciale) bari kumwe kubanyuza i Ngozi, ahari izo mpunzi ngo bajye kuzisura.

Mujawamariya yagize ati, “ Twaragiye dusanga agahinda; hari abantu benshi, bananiwe, bashonje, bambaye ubusa, bakomeretse biteye ubwoba, ndetse bamwe bakitaba Imana. Icyo gihe, abakozi b’Umuryango Utabara Imbabare ‘Croix-Rouge’ bafataga imiti bakayibajugunyira.”

Yongeraho ati “Twahavuye tubabaye, maze dusaba umukuru wacu ngo atwemerere tuzane ibikoresho maze tuhashyire ivuriro, dutange ubutabazi bw’ibanze. Yarabyemeye, ariko abanza kutujyana kwa Musenyeri wa Ngozi, kugira ngo aduhe uburenganzira.”

Aha ngo Musenyeri yashubije Ababikira ati “Ubwo burenganzira tugomba kubusaba kwa Papa i Roma”, maze Mujawamariya na mugenzi we barumirwa bagira bati “Ubwo koko ubufasha bwazagera kuri izi nzirakarengane ryari, niba bigomba guca muri izo nzira zose?”

Ababikira batashye bababaye, bakomeza kubiganiraho bibaza icyo bakora. Nyuma, bongeye guhura n’Abakada, baje guhanahana amakuru bamenya ko Bugesera yafashwe, maze bumvikana ko bagiye gushishikariza izo mpunzi gutaha, zikajya mu gice Inkotanyi zafashe. Ubwo hari nko mu Kwezi kwa Gatanu 1994, nuko impunzi koko igihe kiragera zitaha mu Rwanda.

Gahunda yo kujya gufasha Inkotanyi: Mujawamariya abonye abasangirangendo babiri

Uko iminsi yagendaga ihita, ni ko igitekerezo cyo kujya gufasha Inkotanyi, bakavura abakomerekera ku rugamba rwo kubohora Igihugu yagendaga irushaho gufata umwanya mu buzima bwa Mujwamariya.

Nuko umunsi umwe, Mujwamariya yiyemeza kubiganiraho byimbitse na mugenzi we.
Agira ati “Ubusanzwe ntibyemewe ko umubikira ararana n’undi mu cyumba kimwe, ariko icyo gihe naragiye nsanga mugenzi wanjye w’Umunyarwandakazi, turicara turara tuganira. Icyo twibukiranyije, ni uko Inkotanyi zitari kurwana ngo zisubire inyuma zivure n’inkomere, zari zikeneye abazifasha.”

Mujawamariya na mugenzi we baje kubona impamvu nziza ituma basohoka mu rugo rw’Abihaye Imana, bakaza mu Rwanda.

Mujawamariya agira ati “Uyu mugenzi wanjye yambwiye ko yamenye amakuru ko iwabo bashize, yifuza ngo uwamuha akajya kureba ko hari uwaba yarasigaye... “ Haje kuboneka n’undi mubikira wa Gatatu, na we yiyemeza kujyana na bo.

Gahunda yabo yo kujya mu Rwanda ariko yo birinze kuyivuga kubera ko mbere bari bangiwe gufasha abo mu Ngozi.

Yagize ati,” Twaribwiye tuti reka tugende nitubaho tuzabeho, nidupfa tuzapfe, ariko abasigaye inyuma babone ubaramira... Twumvaga tuzaza tugafasha byarangira tugasubirayo. Ni iyo gahunda twari dufite uko twari batatu.”

Bahaguruka, Umuyobozi yabahaye imodoka ibajyana aho mu Kirundo, ariko kuko bari biyemeje ko bahita bambuka i Rwanda, bashatse uko imodoka batijwe yasubirayo bidateje ikibazo, nuko umushoferi baramwohereza, basaba Lift ijya mu Rwanda.

Yagize ati “Batugejeje ku mupaka wa Nemba mu Karere ka Bugesera, tubona Inkotanyi turazisuhuza, turishima. Twegereye umusirikare mukuru wari uhari, tumubwira buhoro ikituzanye, ko twe dushaka kujya mu Rwanda gufasha abantu bababaye. Bari banabakeneye cyane, ariko abanza kubyibazaho, ubona biramuyobeye. Aratubaza ati ‘none se mwaje mubibwiye abayobozi banyu’?”

Mbere y’uko bagira icyo basubiza, umwe muri bo yahise asubiza n’umwete ati “ntabwo twagenda, twaje tudasabye uruhushya, ntabyo twavuze.”

Umusirikare yarababwiye ati “mugende muzagaruke ejo babahaye uruhushya,” nuko Mujawamariya na mugenzi we bararebana, bibaza ibyo umwe muri bo akoze barumirwa.

Bafashe impano y’amakarito y’imiti bari bazanye, babisigira wa musirikare, basubirayo, barara mu Kirundo, ariko wa mugenzi wabo wa gatatu we arakomeza asubira i Bujumbura, abageraho arira, abwira abayobozi babo imigambi yabo yose.

Ababikira bitabaje polisi ngo ifate Mujawamariya

Mu gihe bari baryamye bibwira ko bucya bakagaruka ku mupaka, mu ma saa kumi n’imwe za mugitondo bakanguwe n’ imodoka iturutse kwa Musenyeri irimo Ababikira babiri n’Umupadiri.

Icyo gihe baje bafite uburakari, babwira Mujawamariya na mugenzi we ko bamenye umugambi wabo wo gutoroka, nuko bagira bati “Mwurire imodoka vuba na bwangu musubire mu kibikira cyangwa twitabaze polisi.”

Mujawamariya yarabumvise, maze abasaba umwanya ababazanya ubwege ati “Ese ntituri bakuru? Icyatuzanye se ubu twakirangije? Ibyo murimo muvuga by’Inkotanyi mwabikuye he? Ko abo twaje gushaka bo mu muryango wa mugenzi wanjye bwatwiriyeho tutababonye, kandi ko tudataha tutababonye, ubwo biragenda bite?”

Abaje kubagarura bababwiye ko mugenzi wabo ari we watanze amakuru, maze Mujawamariya arababwira ati “Arababeshya! Kandi turumva mubigize bibi, turamutse tunatahanye bimeze bitya byaba ari bibi kurushaho. Nimugende, twe dusigare, tubanze dushakishe abo bantu mu Nkambi, nitubabona, ubwo namwe muzaba mwaratuje, natwe tuze dutuje noneho tuganire mutubaze ibyo mufite kutubaza. Mbyanzura gutyo…”

Yongeraho ati “Twarababwiye tuti ‘nta cyaha twakoze, ntitwatorotse, ntitwibye ku buryo bisaba kuduhururiza polisi’. Ababikira twaraburanye kuri iyo ngingo bigera aho barashoberwa baragenda, byamaze nk’amasaha 5-6, bamaze kugenda turicara turiseka …”

Mujawamariya mu modoka y’Inkotanyi: Imvura iramwakiriye

Ku waba atabyibuka, muri izi ngendo zose, Mujawamariya na mugenzi we babaga bambaye amavara yabo, ndetse n’amakanzu y’impuzankano y’Ababikira.

Abaje kubafata bamaze gusubirayo, Mujawamariya na mugenzi we bahise basubukura urugendo bari bamaze iminsi bapanga, maze ku bw’amahirwe, inkotanyi noneho zihera ko zibaha ikaze mu Rwanda.

Agira ati “ Twagiye ku muhanda gushaka lift, maze duhura n’umugabo w’Umunyarwanda adushyira mu modoka arahatugeza. Ni ibintu Imana yari irimo, kuko iyo itegura ibintu byayo ntawumenya uko bigenda. Nta n’ibindi byinshi uwo mugabo yatubajije.”

Bageze ku mupaka, basanze wa musikirikare mukuru ahari, aho Mujawamariya agira ati “ yaratubwiye ati: twabategereje turababura. Mugenzi wanyu ari he? Twamubwira ko we yabivuyemo, maze agira ati: ni mwe mwiyemeje? Tuti yego. Ati nari mbabaye nibwira ko mutagaruka.”

Umusirikare yarabakiriye, abereka aho baruhukira, maze abashinzwe igikoni bamaze guteka barabagaburira. Nimugoroba nka saa moya haje imodoka ya gisirikare, nuko burira inyuma.

Mujawamariya ati “Muri iyi modoka nasanzemo abana twiganye babaye abasirikare tugenda twiganirira. Gusa, uko twigiraga imbere ni ko twabonaga imibiri y’Abatutsi bishwe muri Jenoside, bikadutera ubwoba.”

Haje gukurikiraho imvura nyinshi, maze irabanyagira, ariko abasirikare bagatebya babwira umukuru wabo uri mu modoka imbere ngo “Afande, ivumbi rirwatwishe kandi ari imvura itumaze” nuko bakisekera.

Uwo mugoroba, banyuze i Gako, mu Kigo cya gisirikare barabakira, hanyuma barakomeza bagera i Nyamata.

Iryo joro, Mujawamariya na mugenzi we bahawe inshingano zo kwita ku bana bari barashyizwe mu kigo cy’imfumbyi nyuma y’uko ababyeyi babo bishwe muri Jenoside.

Hari abana benshi bafite ibibazo bikomeye barokokeye mu Rufunzo rwa Ntarama n’ahandi bakazanwa aho i Nyamata. Mujawamriya yarebagamo abakuru muri bo, bakamufaha kwita kuri barumura babo.

Mujawamariya na mugenzi we bambukanye, bamaze kugera I Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera, bakomeje gukora akazi ko gufasha mu buvuzi bw’abana b’imfubyi barokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Nyamara, abayobozi babo bageze aho baza mu Rwanda, baza gushaka “abakobwa babo”, maze bahageze Abasirikare barabahakanira.

Mujawamariya agira ati ” Uwo musirikare yababwiye ko bitashoboka, arababaza ati ko mwasuye ikigo mwarebye uko bimeze, murabona aba bana (b’imfubyi) wabazanamo abandi bantu batamenyereye bigakunda? Ati ahubwo simbasiga hano nimuze mutahe. Ubwo barataha batatujyanye”.

Mu ntangiriro za 1995, Mujawamariya yubahirije isezerano yagiranye n’Ababikira yabagamo, asubira i Bujumbura, maze baramwakira, ariko bakajya bamureba nabi, maze abibonye atyo, abasaba kumwohereza i Muyinga, aho yahoze akorera.

Barabimwereye ariko bamubwira ko hari inama itegerejwe iziga ku kibazo cye na mugenzi we, nyuma bakazabaha igisubizo. Yakomeje ubuzima yari asanzwe abamo aho i Muyinga, buri cyumweru nimugoroba akajyana n’abandi gusura abakene, ariko umwe mu Banyarwanda bazaga mu Rwanda kenshi bagasubira i Burundi aza kujya kumureba, amubwira ko yatereranye mugenzi we yasize mu Rwanda, kandi ko afite akazi kenshi cyane, kandi akaba yaranarwaye cyane.

Yamusabye kuza bagatahana, amubwira ko kuguma i Burundi byari kuba ari uguhemuka. Mujawamariya yarongeye rero agaruka mu Rwanda Ababikira batabimenye.
Yagize ati, “ Nanjye naratekerezaga nkumva naramutereranye.”

Yagiye I Kigali ari amubukira agaruka nimugoroba yabaye ‘umusivili’

Mu Babikira, burya ngo bahora basuzuma ko buri wese akiri ku murongo, ku buryo buri myaka itatu habamo kuvugurura.

Mujawamariya akigaruka mu Rwanda, umwiherero wabereyemo ivugururwa ry’amasezerano warabaye, ariko we na mugenzi we ntibatumirwa. Icyo gihe, hari n’abandi babikira bari baraje kubunganira, na bo baza kubafata ngo bakore ayo masezerano, ariko Mujawamariya na mugenzi we ntibabajyana.

Bamaze kubona ko bari gushyirwa ku ruhande ku buryo bweruye, ngo bigiriye inama yo kujya kureba umuyobozi mukuru wabo I Butare, ariko Ababikira bahasanze baramubima. Ubwo baragarutse bakomeza akazi, ariko baza kumva ko uwo muyobozi yaje muri Christus i Remera, nabwo bajyayo kugira ngo barebe ko babonana ariko nabwo biranga.

Aho rero niho Mujawamariya na mugenzi we bafatiye umwanzuro wo gukuramo ivara bakajya mu buzima busanzwe bw’abakirisitu (abarayiki).

Yagize ati, “Twaje kumenya ko uwo muyobozi yaje muri Christus i Remera, tujyayo nabwo baramutwima. Kandi ubwo hari ukuntu dusubiramo amasezerano, buri myaka itatu tukayavugurura…, iyo utavuruye ayo masezerano aba arangiye, ubwo ukaba uri umurayiki usanzwe.”

Aha kandi byari bitangiye kuba bibi, kuko ngo hari umubikira waje arababurira, ababwira ko abayobozi babo bavuze ko bazabajyana i Burundi bakabahana, bagasubira inyuma gutangira kwiga imyaka itatu y’Ababikira bakinjira mu kwiha Imana.

Mujawamariya agira ati, “Twabonye tubuze umuyobozi bwa Kabiri, kandi tubona abandi baramaze kuvugurura amasezerano yabo ari twe dusigaye twenyine, turavugana tuti nubwo twambaye ivara nta masezerano dufite! Ubu twambaye ivara tutari ababikira, kuko amasezerano yacu yararangiye.”

“Icyo gihe rero bamutwimye, urabona umuntu wabonye Jenoside aba ameze nk’umusazi, nta kintu aba yumva cyaba gikomeye kurusha ibyo yabonye. Nubu sinumva abantu baremereza ubuzima nyuma ya jenoside twabonye. Ubwo twahise dufata umwanzuro duca mu Mujyi, turavuga tuti nibakenera kudusubizamo ivara bazabitubwira, ariko twikomeza kuzambara nk’ababikira kandi tutari ababikira. Ni gute dushobora kumara igihe kingana gitya duteze ivara y’abandi nta masezerano tugifite? Ubu turi mu biki? Tuti turi abasazi ahubwo! Ubwo tunyura ahantu dukuramo ivara, dukuramo imyenda ya ‘uniforms’ zabo turabizinga neza turabika, dore ko twari twaranatangiye guhembwa, tugura imyenda isanzwe turambara, tudefiriza imisatsi, tugaruka mu Kigo aho twakoreraga, ababikira twakoranaga batubonye, bakatubwira bati ‘pole’, bumvaga twirukanywe.”

Mujawamariya agira ati “Ubundi, ngo hari umuhango kera; iyo umugore yasendwaga n’umugabo we, bamushyikirizaga umuryango we bakavuga bati “nimusubirane umukobwa wanyu. Natwe rero, ngo bari bategereje kutwirukana ariko bakadushyikiriza imiryango yacu.”

Yongeraho ari “Koko hari Umubikira waje avuye i Butare, aje gukora uwo muhango wo kutwirukana ariko akadushyikiriza imiryango yacu tuvukamo. Ikigusetsa, yaraje turamucumbikira aho mu Kigo twakoragamo, turamwubaha kuko yari umuyobozi wacu, gusa dutegereje ko atubaza ati ubwo mwambaye mute? Abandi babikira twakoranaga ngo baramubwiye bati, twayobewe uko twifata tubonye baje bambaye imyenda isanzwe. Uwo yabuze icyo akora kuko yasanze turi abakobwa basanzwe, bakorana n’abo babikira, nta kindi kibazo dufite, twumva nta n’icyaha dufite. Nguko uko twavuyemo. Hanyuma batuvugaho amagambo menshi mabi,…”

Mujawamariya, ni inkotanyi ku mutima, ariko no mu bikorwa. Muri ibi byose, we avuga ko nta cyaha bakoze kuko bagiye kwiha Imana bashaka gufasha, kandi koko babigezeho.

Ahubwo agira ati “Kumvira hari igipfa ni byo bibi, ariko kutumvira hari icyo urimo utabara wabikora, washaka nawe ugapfa. Kuko n’ubundi twaje tuzi ko tutazabaho, twari tuzi ko dushobora gupfa, kuko urugamba rwari rutararangira mu Rwanda.”

Urugo ruhire rwa Mujawamariya

Nyuma yo kuva mu kibikira, bakaba abakobwa basanzwe, Mujawamariya na mugenzi we, bahise bumva ko bagomba gushaka abagabo bakubaka ingo, bagakorera Imana mu bundi buryo.

Yagize ati, “ None se irindi herezo ryari kuba irihe? Twari kuba hanze se twitwa iki? Ubwo twabaye abakobwa basanzwe, turarambagizwa turashakaijye washatse mbere, ariko na mugenzi wanjye aza gushaka atinzeho gato, ariko ubu nawe afite abana bakuze”.

Mujawamariya avuga ko umwaka wa 1995 yakuyemo ivara, ari nawo yashatsemo, abifashijwemo n’Imana kuko yumvise isengesho rye.

Yagize ati,”Twakuyemo amavara mu mezi abanza ya 1995, nashatse mu 1995 mu mpera. Nta kurambagizanya by’igihe kirekire byabayeho. Njyewe uwo musore namusabye Imana. Naravuze ngo iby’Ikibikira twabivuyemo urabibona, igisigaye ni ugushaka.”

“Ariko nari narayisabye kutazampa uwo mbwira ‘Oya’…Ikimenyetso nayisabye yarakimpaye uwo mwanya, kandi nahise mvuga ‘Yego’, nta bindi, nta bya bindi byo kuvuga ngo muraziranye, mwaragendanye. Navuze ‘Yego’ nta kindi ntekereje. Uwaje mbere ni Imana yamumpaye ni uko byagenze.”
Nyuma yo gushaka, Mujawamariya yagize amahirwe ahita abyara ubu afite abana batandatu yabyaye, ariko akagira n’abandi benshi bareze mu rugo rwabo batari bafite ababyeyi. Abenshi muri abo yareze barashatse nabo ubu afite abo yakwita abuzukuru.

Nyuma yafashe umwanzuro wo kujya kwiga muri Kaminuza yiga iby’ubuvuzi, ayirangiza mu 2009, ajya gukorera Leta, ariko akabona umushahara ni muto, agaruka gufatanya n’umugabo we mu bucuruzi.

Muri iki gihe, avuga ko ari mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru yihaye, aho akurikira ibijyanye n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, ategura amasaziro ye n’umugabo kuko abana bo barakuze, bamwe barangije amashuri bari mu kazi , uwa nyuma agiye gutangira Kaminuza.

Icyakora, ubuzima bwo kwiha Imana bwamusigiye umusanzu yubakiyeho urugo, aho agira ati“Kuba mu babikira nari mbikunze, abana bacu bose tubigisha mu bigo by’abihaye Imana, ni abo gushimirwa bagira uburere burenze, baduha inyigisho z’ubuzima zirenze kandi nyinshi utakura hanze.”

Mujawamariya ahamya ko ukwemera kwe kutahindutse cyangwa se kugabanuke bitewe n’uko yavuye mu Kibikira, kuko nubu yubahiriza gahunda zose za Kiliziya Gatolika, ariko wenda igitandukanye ni uko yitwara muri iki gihe afite urugo n’umuryango.

Ikindi kandi, Mujawamariya ntiyibona nk’umunyabyaha, ahubwo ni umugenzi ujya mu ijuru.
Agira ati “Numva ijuru nzarijyamo nta kibazo, nubwo naretse ibyo kwiha Imana, kuko no mu bihaye Imana bariya hashobora kuzabamo ababura ijuru. Umuntu aba mu kintu ari umuntu, ukibamo neza cyangwa se nabi, ubwo rero ntibivuze ko abihaye Imana bose bazajya mu ijuru. Ahubwo njyewe mbona bigoye cyane ku bihaye Imana kubona ijuru, kuko babazwa byinshi cyane…”.

Inama ku bagore bagenzi be

Mujawamariya agaya cyane abagore bikoza mu rugo bakongera bakarusenya, aho agira ati,” Kubaka urugo bisaba kwihangana no kumenya kugira ibanga ry’urugo. Ab’ubu rero, barasakuza byose. Hari n’ibizira. Nta kirazira ab’ubu bumva, akumva guta abana nta kibazo, ngo kubera ko umugabo yamunaniye, ubundi kirazira ntawuta abana…hari amategeko akurengera, akurenganura ariko wita abana. Abanyarwanda bari abahanga, bavuga ko urugo ari umugore. Niyo waba ufite abakozi 100, niyo waba ufite umugabo umeze ute, umugore ni we usenya urugo, ninawe urwubaka…”.

Ku bijyanye no kuba yumva yagira inama abakobwa bakiri bato zo kuba bajya kwiha Imana, avuga ko umukobwa waramuka aje kumugisha inama, yabanza kumusaba kwisuzuma , akumva icyo akunze kurusha ikindi, kuko ngo byose ni byiza nubwo bitandukanye yaba kugira umugabo n’abana ni byiza, ariko no kwiha Imana ni byiza. Icyo ngombwa ni ukubikora ubikunze.

Mujawamariya, akunda cyane gutegura no gutaka aho atuye, ku buryo mu rugo rwe yahateye indabo z’amoko menshi, ndetse n’imbuto z’ubwoko butandukanye, kubera ko kuri we ngo urugo rutarimo indabo ruba rwambaye ubusa.

Uwo muco yawutoje n’abana be n’abo yareze bose yaba abahungu cyangwa abakobwa, ku buryo bose baba bafite indabo zabo, kubera ko baba bazi ko umubyeyi wabo abasuye agasanga nta ndabo bagira, badategura mu ngo zabo yabagaya cyane.

Umubyeyi wigeze kuba Umubikira nyuma akaza guhindura ubuzima agashinga urugo, avuga ko mu gihe cye, urukundo rutari ruvuze guteretana, ahubwo ari ugukunda mugenzi wawe nk’uko wikunda, bikarangirira aho.

Agira ati “ Twari tukiri abakobwa bato tugakundana cyane, kuko no hanze dushinzwe gukundana, kwereka urukundo abantu, ariko urukundo si ukuvuga ingeso mbi ntaho bihurira…hari ubwo banguriye igare, nimugoroba nkajya nigira ku igare nkora agasiporo, nkifatira igare nkazenguruka aho, nambaye ivara n’imyenda miremire, kuko ibyo nta kibazo kibirimo. Ubwo tugahura n’’Abaporofeseri’ b’abagabo tukiganirira nta kibazo. Baranatwubahaga, burya abihaye Imana bagira igitinyiro Imana iba yarabashyizeho, ugiye rero kwigira nabi nyine, urandarara. Baranadutinyaga nta n’uwavugaga ibyo byo gutereta…”.

Uyu mubyeyi agira icyo avuga ko bintu bimwe na bimwe bivugwa ku Babikira, harimo nko kuvuga ko bagenzurwa uko baryama, kuko hari uburyo bashobora kuryamamo (positions) bakabihanirwa.

Kuri icyo yavuze ko ari ukubeshya, kubera ko nta muntu urarana n’undi, kandi nta n’urara agenzura ababikira mu byumba bararamo.

Ku bijyanye no kuvuga ko abagiye kwinjira mu Kibikira babanza gupimwa ko ari amasugi, yavuze ko nta gupima kubaho, ahubwo inyigisho bahabwa ari izo zituma umuntu yumva uko akwiye kwitwara niba ashaka kwiha Imana koko, byakwanga akabireka, kubera ko umuntu wamubeshya ariko ntiwabeshya Imana.

Yagize ati,” Nabo babaza amakuru ku muntu, mbese ni nko kurambagiza, babanza kumenya imyitwarire y’umukobwa ushaka kwiha Imana. Umuntu ni umuntu, hari abo tuzi bagiye bava mu Kibikira kubera ingeso mbi, bagatwita barimo, cyangwa bakamumenyaho ingeso y’ubusambanyi, abo barabirukana ariko ni bacye cyane. Muri rusange inyigisho baguha, n’ibyo bakubwira ntiwabirengaho ngo ujye mu ngeso mbi. Ubigiyemo waba ugiye kubeshya Imana. Ujya kwiha Imana wumva wuzuye, kugira ngo ube muri buriya buzima hari icyo uba waremereye Imana. Kandi ni wowe wifatira umwanzuro. Hari n’abataha batarahabwa ububikira byuzuye, bikabananirira hagati kubera ko bagize uburara, bakigendera”.

Burya ngo mu Babikira basezerana ibintu bitatu by’ingenzi birimo kubaha, ubukene, n’ubusugi, ubirenzeho akaba yishe isezerano yagiranye n’Imana, akaba akoze icyaha gikomeye kurusha icyo umuntu usanzwe utarakoze amasezerano cyangwa indahiro.

BNR yavuze ku izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro by’ingufu ku rwego mpuzamahanga, rituruka ku makimbirane yiyongera mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, rishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye ku bukungu bw’u Rwanda, nubwo kugeza ubu, bukomeje kwiyongera ku kigero cya 9.4%.

Mu gutangaza uko raporo ya politiki y’ifaranga ihagaze mu rwego rw’imari, muri Werurwe 2026, Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu (BNR), Soraya Hakuziyaremye, yavuze ko ubu Isi iri mu bihe by’ubukungu buhindagurika cyane kurusha uko byari byitezwe mu mezi macyeya ashize.

Guverineri wa Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu (BNR), Soraya Hakuziyaremye

Yagaragaje ko isoko mpuzamahanga ry’ingufu ryahungabanye cyane, aho ibiciro bya peteroli byazamutse bikava ku Madolari 72 bikarenga Amadolari 100 ku kagunguru gato (barrel) mu byumweru bicye gusa, mu gihe ibiciro bya gaz byiyongereyeho hejuru ya 60%.

Yagize ati: “Ibi si ihinduka riza buhoro buhoro, ni ihungabana rikomeye. Ihindagurika ry’ibiciro by’ibituruka ku isoko mpuzamahanga rishyira igitutu gikomeye ku izamuka ry’ibiciro mu gihugu, kandi nibikomeza bishobora kudindiza ibikorwa by’ubukungu.”

Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda yazamuye inyungu fatizo (policy rate) igera kuri 7.35% nyuma y’uko izamuka ry’ibiciro (inflation) ryageze kuri 9.2% muri Gashyantare, rirenga igipimo cyari cyaragenwe kiri hagati ya 2% na 8%.

BNR yavuze ko iryo zamuka ry’ibiciro riterwa ahanini n’ibibazo bituruka hanze, bitandukanye n’uko byari bimeze mu bihe byashize, aho byaterwaga n’ibibazo byo mu gihugu imbere.

Hakuziyaremye yagize ati: “Ntushobora kubaka ubukungu burambye mu gihe ibiciro birimo kuzamuka cyane. Inshingano zacu ni ugufata ibyemezo bikomeye igihe igitutu ku biciro kibangamiye ubukungu, nubwo ibyo bibazo byaba biturutse hanze y’Igihugu.”

Yavuze ko izamuka ry’ibiciro rishobora gukomeza kwiyongera mu gihe cya vuba, kuko ibiciro by’ingufu bikomeje kuzamuka bishobora gutuma ibiciro by’ubwikorezi, ibiribwa n’umusaruro na byo byiyongera.

Abashinzwe gushyiraho za politiki zitandukanye, bavuga ko izamuka ry’ibiciro by’ibitumizwa mu mahanga, cyane cyane lisansi n’ibindi bikenerwa bya buri munsi, rigabanya ubushobozi bw’igihugu bwo kwihanganira izo mpinduka zituruka hanze.

Visi Guverineri wa BNR, Nick Barigye, yavuze ko gukomeza kurinda ubukungu bw’u Rwanda guhungabana bisaba ubufatanye bukomeye hagati ya politiki y’ifaranga n’iy’imari ya Leta.

Yagize ati: “Iki ni igihe politiki y’ifaranga yonyine idahagije. Guhuza ingamba n’iz’imari ya Leta ni ingenzi kugira ngo ibiciro bigenzurwe ntibibangamire izamuka ry’ubukungu.”

BNR yagaragaje ko hakomeje gushyirwa imbaraga mu kwagura serivisi z’imari zigera kuri bose, nubwo gukoresha inguzanyo n’ubwishingizi bitaragera kuri bose ku buryo bungana, cyane cyane ku bagore n’urubyiruko.

Guverineri Hakuziyaremye yavuze ko kubura ingwate n’ubumenyi buke mu by’imari ari zimwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye.

Yagize ati: “Kugera kuri serivisi z’imari ntibikiri ugufungura konti gusa, ahubwo ni ugufasha abantu kugira uruhare rufatika muri gahunda z’imari.”

Hari kandi ivugurura rikomeye riri gukorwa ryo guhuza Ikigega cy’Iterambere ry’Ubucuruzi (BDF) na Banki y’Iterambere y’u Rwanda (BRD), hagamijwe kunoza uburyo bwo gutanga ingwate no kunoza imikoreshereze y’imari.

Yagize ati: “Ibi bigamije kongera ubushobozi n’imikorere myiza. Guhuza izi nzego bizadufasha kugira ikigo gikomeye gishobora gutanga ibisubizo by’imari bitanga umusaruro ufatika.”

Abashinzwe gushyiraho za politiki zitandukanye kandi, bavuga ko ubukungu bw’u Rwanda bugihagaze neza muri rusange, ariko bukaba bugenda burushaho guhura n’ingaruka z’ibibazo bituruka hanze kubera ihindagurika rikabije ry’ubukungu ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Umuyobozi mushya wa PSF, Twagirumukiza François, yemeza ko ubucuruzi bukorwa amasaha 24 kuri 24 butanga inyungu nyinshi n’amahirwe y’akazi

Perezida wa PSF ku rwego rw’Igihugu, Twagirumukiza François , yavuze ko gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo gukora amasaha yose y’umunsi bizashyirwa mu byo bazibandaho, agaragaza ko gahunda iriho ubu, ikomeje kudindiza iterambere, cyane cyane mu nzego zishingiye ku bucuruzi bukorwa nijoro.

U Rwanda rwemeje gahunda yo gukora amasaha 24 kuri 24 muri Kanama 2024, hagamijwe guteza imbere ibikorwa by’ubukungu.

Gusa, Leta yakomeje gushyiraho ingamba zitandukanye ku bijyanye n’ibikorwa mu masaha y’ijoro, igamije kubungabunga umutekano w’abaturage, kugira ngo kunywa inzoga bibe mu rugero ruringaniye, n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage yitabweho.

Nk’uko amabwiriza ariho abiteganya, utubari n’ibindi bikorwa by’imyidagaduro bigomba gufunga saa saba z’ijoro (1:00 a.m.) mu minsi isanzwe no ku Cyumweru, naho ku wa Gatanu no ku wa Gatandatu bigafunga saa munani z’ijoro (2:00 a.m.).

Serivisi z’ingenzi gusa, nka farumasi n’ibigo by’ubuvuzi, ni zo zemerewe gukora amasaha yose, nk’uko amabwiriza y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Iterambere (RDB) abiteganya.

Abafite ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bitandukanye , cyane cyane mu rwego rw’amahoteli n’imyidagaduro, bagaragaje imbogamizi ayo mabwiriza ateye, kuko ngo bigabanya amahirwe yo kubona inyungu zari zitezwe mu masaha y’ijoro, bikadindiza itangwa ry’akazi ndetse n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bushingiye ku bucuruzi bukorwa nijoro muri Kigali.

Abakora ubucuruzi banagaragaza ko izo mbogamizi zigira ingaruka ku zindi serivisi zijyana nabwo, nko gutwara abantu n’ibintu, za resitora, n’ikorwa ryo gutanga ibicuruzwa (delivery), zishingira ku gukora amasaha menshi kugira ngo zitere imbere.

Minisitiri w’Imari n’Igenamigambi, Yusuf Murangwa, yasobanuye ko izo ngamba Leta yafashe, zitagamije kubangamira ubucuruzi, ahubwo zigamije kurinda imibereho myiza y’abaturage.

Yagize ati: “Turimo gusuzuma izi ngingo kugira ngo tubone uburyo buboneye bufasha kuzamura umusaruro ariko tunabungabunga umutekano n’imibereho myiza”.

Minisitiri Murangwa yagaragaje ko serivisi zirimo ubwikorezi na resitora zizaba ingenzi cyane mu gushyigikira ibikorwa by’ubucuruzi bwongerewe amasaha.

Twagirumukiza yavuze ko PSF izaganira na Leta n’inzego z’umutekano kugira ngo hongere hasuzumwe iyo gahunda yo gukora ni mu masaha y’ijoro, anashishikariza ba rwiyemezamirimo kongera uruhare rwabo mu kubungabunga umutekano, cyane cyane mu rwego rw’amahoteli n’imyidagaduro.

Yagize ati: “Biragaragara ko gushyiraho amasaha ntarengwa yo guhagarika akazi, bigira ingaruka ku bucuruzi, ariko turateganya kwegera ba rwiyemezamirimo no gukorana bya hafi n’inzego z’umutekano kugira ngo hashyirweho uburyo bufasha mu gukomeza kuzamura ubukungu”.

Uretse gahunda yo gukora amasaha 24 kuri 24, ubuyobozi bushya bwa PSF bwiyemeje no gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda yo kuvugurura imikorere yatangijwe n’ubuyobozi busimbuwe.

Izo mpinduka zizibanda ku kongera ubufatanye hagati y’abanyamuryango, guteza imbere uruhare rw’urubyiruko n’abagore mu bucuruzi, ndetse no kunoza serivisi zitangwa muri urwo rugaga rw’abikorera.

Uwahoze ari Perezida wa PSF, Jeanne Françoise Mubiligi, yagaragaje ko afitiye icyizere ku buyobozi bushya, avuga ko ubunararibonye bwabo buzafasha mu gukomereza ku byo ubuyobozi bucyuye igihe bwagezeho, harimo kongera abanyamuryango, kongerera imbaraga n’ubushobozi mu by’ubukungu bw’urwo rugaga ndetse no kunoza gahunda z’imibereho myiza y’abanyamuryango.

Urugaga rw’Abikorera mu Rwanda rufite uruhare rukomeye mu guhagararira inyungu z’abashoramari, gufasha iterambere ry’imishinga, no guteza imbere ubufatanye hagati ya Leta n’abikorera. Mu myaka ishize, rwafashije mu guhuza ubucuruzi bw’Abanyarwanda n’amasoko yo mu Karere no ku rwego mpuzamahanga, runateza imbere uruhare rw’urubyiruko n’abagore mu kwihangira imirimo.

Ikirego u Rwanda rwatanze mu Rukiko Mpuzamahanga rw’Ubukemurampaka ruri i La Haye mu Buholandi, rurega u Bwongereza, gishingiye ku kutubahiriza amasezerano y’ubufatanye ku bijyanye n’impunzi n’abimukira yasinywe hagati y’ibyo bihugu byombi mu mwaka wa 2022.

U Rwanda ruvuga ko hari amafaranga u Bwongereza bugomba kurwishyura nk’uko byari bikubiye muri ayo masezerano, kuko atishyuwe, bivuze ko hari inshingano zijyanye n’imari zitubahirijwe, nyuma y’uko Guerinoma y’u Bwongereza ifashe icyemezo cyo guharika amasezerano, itabanje gukurikiza inzira ziteganyijwe zo kuyahagarika, harimo kubanza kumenyesha urundi ruhande (notice of termination), rukabimenya rubikuye mu binyamakuru, ibyo u Rwanda rufata nko kugambanira icyizere cyari kiri hagati y’ibyo bihugu bijya gusinya amasezerano cyangwa se kwica amasezerano.

U Rwanda ruvuga ko nubwo gahunda yo kohereza abo bimukira yahagaritswe, ariko u Bwongereza bugomba gukomeza kwishyura igice cy’amafaranga kitishyuwe, nk’uko byari biteganyijwe,muri ayo masezerano.

U Bwongereza buvuga ko u Rwanda rutagomba kwishyurwa igice cy’amafaranga yari asigaye mu yo rwagombaga guhabwa muri rusange muri iyo gahunda, nk’uko byari biteganyijwe ko rwagombaga kuyabona mu byiciro bibiri, amwe muri Mata 2025 andi muri Mata 2026, ahubwo ko rugomba gusubiza n’ayo rwari rwaramaze kwakira kuko amasezerano yahagaze.

U Rwanda rushinja u Bwongereza kuba butarubahirije ayo masezerano yo kwakira no gutuza abo bimukira, mu gihe rwari rwameze gukoresha amafaranga menshi mu kubaka ibikorwaremezo bijyanye no kwitegura kwakira abo bimukira no kubafasha kubaho neza, bityo bikaba byarateje igihombo kinini ku Rwanda.

Ihagarikwa ry’ayo masezerano mu buryo butunguranye byakozwe na Minisitiri w’intebe w’u Bwongereza Sir Keir Starmer akigera ku butegetsi muri Nyakanga 2024, avuga ko ari amasezerano ahenze cyane kandi adafite icyo amaze cyane, ko ari ugusesagura umutungo w’abasora mu Bwongereza bityo ko apfuye akaba anashyinguwe nk’uko byagarutsweho na Minisitiri Ugirashebuja ari imbere y’urwo Rukiko i La Haye.

U Rwanda rwabonye ko rutakwemera ko uburenganzira bwarwo bushingira kuri ayo masezerano buburizwamo gutyo gusa, rutanga ikirego muri urwo Rukiko, rushinja u Bwongereza kwinangira no kwanga kubahiriza inshingano bufite muri ayo masezerano.

Minisitiri Ugirashebuja yagize ati,” … mu 2024, nyuma gato y’uko amasezerano yerekeye ayo mafaranga asinywa, habaye impinduka muri Guverinoma y’u Bwongereza, Minisitiri w’intebe mushya, atangaza ko iyo gahunda y’u Rwanda yo kwakira abimukira ‘yapfuye ikaba yaranashyinguwe’, ibyo abivuga akigera mu biro ku munsi wa mbere, ariko u Bwongereza ntibwigeze bubimenyesha u Rwanda ngo buruteguze, ahubwo u Rwanda rwamenye ibirimo kuba rubisomye mu binyamakuru. Kuva ubwo rero, u Bwongereza bwahise butangira guhunga inshingano buhabwa n’amategeko, harimo kwishyura amafaranga bwagombaga kwishyura u Rwanda….”.

“ U Bwongereza ntibwigeze bumenyesha u Rwanda ibijyanye no guhagarika ayo masezerano kugeza mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 2025…”.

Minisitiri Ugirashebuja yemeje ko kwanga kwishyura amafaranga asigaye atari byo byonyine u Bwongereza bwakoze, ahubwo ko bwanze no kohereza abo bimukira bari mu buzima bugoye.

Ikindi yahamije ko u Rwanda rufite icyizere muri urwo Rukiko ko ruzakemura ikibazo u Rwanda rugashobora guhabwa ayo mafaranga rwimwe, kandi rwo rwarakomeje kubahiriza ibyo rusabwa, mu bwizerane bukwiye kuranga abahuriye mu masezerano y’ubufatanye.

Yasobanuye ko icyo atari icyemezo cyamaze gufatwa, ahubwo ko ari ukwibutsa, uko muri Nyakanga 2021, Ingabo z’u Rwanda, zoherejwe muri Mozambique, ku butumire bwa Guverinoma y’icyo gihugu gisanzwe ari inshuti n’u Rwanda, aho zoherejwe mu Ntara ya Cabo Delgado mu Mujyaruguru y’icyo gihugu zigiye kurwanya umutwe w’iterabwoba wa Ansar al-Sunna ukorana n’Umutwe wa IS (Islamic State).

Yagize ati, “ …Bakoze akazi gakomeye, ku buryo mu myaka ine, itanu ishize, abaturage b’abasivili basubiye mu ngo zabo, abanyeshuri basubiye ku ishuri, ubucuruzi bwarasubukuwe, ndetse n’ishoramari rikomeye mu bya gaz na ryo ryarasubukuwe ryongera gukora, ayo masosiyete yongera gukora. Ibyo byose rero byakozwe n’ingabo z’u Rwanda ku bufatanye n’ingabo za Mozambique, kandi no ku nkunga y’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi, rero tukaba twibukije ko u Rwanda, na rwo rwatanze inkunga ikomeye, rwatanze amafaranga menshi, akubye inshuro icumi ayo tubona mu Muryango w’u Burayi bwunze Ubumwe, ndetse tukaba twaranatakaje n’abasirikare biciwe ku rugamba, kugira ngo kariya Karere gahabwe ituze”.

“ Rero tukaba twibukije ko, ingabo z’u Rwanda, mu gukora ako kazi zikorera igihugu cya Mozambique, abaturage ba Mozambique ndetse n’Umuryango mpuzamahanga muri rusange, kuko ufite na za Sosiyete zikora ishoramari hariya, ariko ko izo ngabo zidashobora gukora ako kazi zinengwa buri kanya, zifatirwa ibihano, zihozwa ku nkeke. Ibyo ngibyo ntabwo bishobora gukomeza. Ni yo mpamvu twibukije ko, u Rwanda ruzakomeza akazi karwo rwasabwe, inkunga ruhabwa nikomeza gutangwa. Ariko iyo nkunga nihagarikwa, birumvikana ko twe tuzava muri Mozambique, hanyuma ibyo bihugu bigashaka ikindi gihugu cyangwa se izindi ngabo zikora ako kazi”.

Minisitiri Nduhungirehe ku bijyanye no gukura Ingabo z'u Rwanda muri Mozambique.

"Twibukije ko ingabo z’u Rwanda mu gukora ako kazi zikorera igihugu cya Mozambique, abaturage ndetse n’Umuryano Mpuzamahanga muri rusange ufite na za sosiyete zikora ishoramari hariya, ko izo ngabo… pic.twitter.com/8uztLPhb2E

— Kigali Today (@kigalitoday) March 16, 2026

Ubwo bageraga ku Kibuga cy’Indege Mpuzamahanga cya Kigali, Kuri uyu wa mbere tariki 16 Werurwe 2026 bakiriwe n’Umugaba Mukuru w’Inkeragutabara, Major General Alex Kagame, wabashimye ko bahagarariye Igihugu neza ndetse abibutsa ko ari ko bakwiye kwitwara igihe cyose.

Abari bagiye muri Jamaica, ni Ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri mu Itsinda ry’abahanga mu bwubatsi, aho bari bahorejwe gufasha mu gusana ibikorwaremezo bitandukanye byari byasenywe n’ibiza byaturutse ku Nkubi y’umuyaga yiswe Melissa yibasiye icyo gihugu minsi ishize, isiga abaturage benshi badafite aho baba nyuma yo gusenyerwa nayo.

Ibikorwa izo Ngabo zari zoherejwemo, zari zibihuriyeho n’iza Jamaica, harimo gusana no kongera kubaka ibyangijwe n’ibiza.

Ni ibikorwa abo basirikare ba RDF bari bamazemo iminsi ibarirwa muri 60 kuko bagiyeyo ku wa 15 Mutarama 2026.

Inkuru bijyanye:

Jamaica yakozwe ku mutima n’ibikorwa by’ingabo z’u Rwanda

Nubwo zimwe ziguruka zigakora urugendo rugufi, hari izindi zigenda ku ntera nini cyane. Ku nyoni zimuka (migrating birds), kwibeshya mu nzira zigenda, bishobora guteza urupfu, kuko zimara ibyumweru byinshi ziguruka hejuru y’Inyanja n’imigabane ziva ku mpera imwe y’isi zijya ku yindi.

Ariko mu 2022, inyoni imwe yari ikiri nto yanditse, amateka kubera guhindura inzira yayo mu buryo butunguranye. Inyoni yo mu bwoko bwa ‘bar-tailed godwit’ (Limosa lapponica), yari ifite nimero y’ikirango “234684”, yakoze urugendo rw’ibirometero 13.560 ivuye muri Alasika ijya muri Leta ya Tasmania muri Australia idahagaze ahantu na hamwe ngo irye cyangwa ngo iruhuke, bityo iba iciye agahigo ko kuguruka intera ndende kurusha izindi nyoni, kuko yo itigeze ihagarara.

Iyo bagereranyije iyo ntera, ngo ni nk’inshuro ebyiri n’igice z’urugendo hagati ya Londres na New York, cyangwa se hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy’umuzenguruko w’isi wose.

Nk’uko byagaragajwe n’icyuma cy’ikoranabuhanga cya satelite ya 5G cyari cyashyizwe ku gice cyo hasi cy’umugongo wayo, urwo rugendo rwatangiye ku itariki ya 13 Ukwakira 2022 rumara iminsi 11 n’isaha imwe, itigeze igwa hasi na rimwe.

Ntabwo byari ubwa mbere inyoni zo mu bwoko bwa ‘bar-tailed godwit’ zivugwa mu binyamakuru kubera ubwo bushobozi bwazo bwo gukora ingendo ndende. Iyo nyoni yari imaze amezi atanu gusa ivutse, yarenze agahigo kari karashyizweho n’indi nayo yo muri ubwo bwoko mu 2020, aho yagurutse ibirometero bigera 12.700 Km. Iyo nayo ikaba yari ikuyeho agahigo k’indi yari yari yaragurutse ibirometero 11.500 idahagarara mu 2007.

Si izo nyoni gusa zigenda intera ndende. Izindi nyoni zitwa ‘Arctic terns (Sterna paradisaea)’ nazo zishobora kuguruka intera irenzeho mu gihe cy’umwaka.

Iyo ubaze urugendo zikora ziva aho zororokera mu majyaruguru ya ‘Arctic Circle’ zikajya muri Antarctica, hanyuma zikagaruka, usanga zishobora kugenda ibirometero bigera kuri 80.000. Urwo rukaba ari urugendo rurerure zikora kurusha izindi nyoni. Ariko itandukaniro rihari ni uko zo, rimwe na rimwe zigwa hasi zikaruhuka gato mu rugendo rwazo.

Nubwo inyoni nyinshi zimuka zishaka ibiryo n’ahantu hashyushye, zimwe zifitemo ubushobozi bwo guhindura imiterere y’umubiri wazo kugira ngo zishobore guhangana n’uko ikirere cy’aho ziri kimeze. Zishobora guhindura cyane umubiri n’imikorere yawo, zigabanya ingano z’ingingo z’imbere mu mubiri, zikiyongera ibiro vuba, zigakoresha ibinure byibitse nk’ingufu, zigasinzira gake cyane, n’ibindi bidasanzwe.

By’umwihariko, izo nyoni za ‘godwit’ zigira umwanya wo kubika ibinure byinshi bitanga ingufu, biturutse mu kumira hafi 25% by’uduce tugize inzira y’igogora, umwijima ndetse n’impyiko. Ibyo bikaba bikorwa binyuze mu buryo bwitwa ‘autophagy’(kwirya), aho umubiri wifashisha ibice byawo mu gihe bikenewe.

Zishobora kandi kongera ubunini bw’umutima n’imikaya yo mu gituza ziri mu kirere , kugira ngo zibone ingufu n’umwuka mwinshi wo guhumeka ‘oxygen’ muri ibyo bice.

Ariko ubwo bushobozi budasanzwe nabwo bufite ingaruka mbi. Izo mpinduka ziba mu mubiri zituma izo nyoni zigira ibyago byinshi byo guhura n’ingaruka z’ibiza bya kamere cyangwa se ibyatewe n’abantu, kubera ko ziba zitagifite ingufu zihagije zo kongera kuguruka intera ndende.

Iyo nyoni yaciye agahigo, yo yagize amahirwe yo gushobora gukomeza urugendo rurerure rwayo, inyura hejuru y’Inyanja nini ya Pacifique n’ibirwa byinshi birimo New Caledonia na Vanuatu, aho byagaragaye ko yanze guhagarara ngo yongere itare izindi mbaraga.

Eric Woehler, uhagarariye urwego rushinzwe ubuzima bw’inyoni muri Tasmania, (Birdlife Tasmania), yavuze ko iyo nyoni ishobora kuba yaratakaje “ kimwe cya kabiri cyangwa se kirenga cy’ibiro by’umubiri wayo, muri urwo rugendo yakoze iguruka amasaha yose ku manywa na nijoro.”

Yagize ati, “Inyoni zimwe, zishobora kugwa ku mazi zikarya. Ariko iyo inyoni yo mu bwoko bwa ‘godwit’ iguye ku mazi iba irangiye. Nta ruhu igira ku birenge byayo ruyifasha koga, kandi ntiyashobora kongera kuguruka iva ku mazi. Iyo iguye mu Nyanja kubera umunaniro cyangwa ikirere kimeze nabi cyane kigatuma igwa, ubwo iryo riba ari iherezo ryayo.”

Ubusanzwe, izi nyoni zikunze kwimukira muri Nouvelle-Zélande, ariko iyo yo yafashe indi nzira, ihindukira kuri dogere 90 maze igwa ku nkombe z’ahitwa ‘Ansons Bay ‘ mu Burasirazuba bwa Tasmania muri Australia.

Dr Woehler yavuze ko uko “guhindukira nabi” kwagaragaje ko ubushobozi bwo kuguruka bw’ubwo bwoko bw’inyoni bushobora kuba burenze uko byatekerezwaga mbere. Ibyo bitumye hatangira kwibazwa niba mu gihe kizaza, hadashobora kuzabaho indi ‘godwit’ iguruka intera irenze iyo, kandi itigeze ihagarara na rimwe.

Abahanga bizeye ko urwo rugendo rw’iyo nyoni rwaciye agahigo, ruzafasha mu kumvikanisha akamaro ko gusobanukirwa neza ingendo zikorwa n’inyamaswa zimuka, uburyo izo nyoni zikoresha mu kumenya inzira, n’uko ibidukikije aho zihagarara zigiye kurya, bishobora kwitabwaho no kurindwa neza.

Nyuma yo gukora urugendo rutangaje nk’urwo, ninde wahakana ko izo nyoni zikwiye kwakirwa neza cyane igihe zigeze aho zihagarara?.

Muri iyi nama haraganirwa ku hazaza h’ikoreshwa ry’ingufu za Nikeleyeri mu bikorwa bya gisivili, n’uruhare zishobora kugira mu guteza imbere ingufu n’ubukungu bw’ibihugu.

U Rwanda rwiyemeje byimazeyo guteza imbere ingufu za Nikeleyeri, ndetse kandi rurifuza kuba ku ruhembe muri uru rwego ku Mugabane wa Afurika.

Iyi nama Umukuru w’Igihugu yitabiriye, ibaye mu gihe Urwego rwa Loni rushinzwe kugenzura Itunganywa ry’Ingufu za Nucléaire, (International Atomic Energy Agency - IAEA) ruherutse gusoza isuzuma ryo kureba niba u Rwanda rwujuje ibisabwa mu kubaka uruganda rw’ingufu za nucléaire. Ni isuzuma ryatangiye gukorwa ku wa 2 Werurwe 2026, risozwa ku wa 9 Werurwe 2026.

Mu rwego rwo kubyaza umusaruro ingufu za Nikeleyeri, u Rwanda ruranateganya gushyiraho uruganda ruto rwa Nikereyeri (rutanga ingufu za atomike) nibura mu 2030, mu rwego rwo kongera amashanyarazi mu Gihugu ndetse ko icyo gihe ruzaba rumaze kugira abahanga mu bijyanye na Nikeriyeli (Nuclear) bagera kuri 300.

Afurika y’Epfo nicyo gihugu rukumbi gifite uruganda rwa Nikereyeri muri Afurika, mu gihe ibihugu nka Misiri n’u Rwanda biri mu mishinga yo kuzubaka.

Abapolisi bo mu Ishami rya Polisi rya Los Angeles batangaje ko bumvise urusaku rw’amasasu saa 13:15 ku isaha y’aho (21:15 GMT) ku Cyumweru tariki 8 Werurwe 2026, ukekwaho gukora icyo cyaha akaba yahise afatwa agafungwa.

Polisi yabwiye Ikinyamakuru CBS News, ko inzu yarashweho ari iya Rihanna koko, kandi ko ibisigazwa by’amasasu byabonetse aho byabereye.

Ku bw’amahirwe, ngo nta muntu wakomerekejwe n’ayo masasu. Amakuru yatanzwe n’umukozi ushinzwe umutekano yabwiye Los Angeles Times ko Rihanna yari muri iyo nzu ye nini y’akataraboneka, mu gihe yaraswagaho.

Polisi ivuga ko ucyekwaho icyaha, ari umugore w’imyaka 30, wahagaritse imodoka ye hanze y’iyo nzu maze ayirasaho amasasu arindwi, hanyuma ahita ahunga agenda ku muvuduko ukabije.

Imodoka ye yafatiwe ahantu ku ntera y’ibilometero 12, uvuye ku rugo rw’uwo muhanzi, ariko aho uwo mugore ubwe yafatiwe, ntiharatangazwa ku mugaragaro.

Muri Nzeri umwaka ushize wa 2025, ni bwo uyu muhanzi yibarutse umwana we wa gatatu w’umukobwa, yabyaranye n’umukunzi we A$AP Rocky. Abo bombi, basanzwe bafitanye n’abahungu babiri Riot na RZA.

Nyirarugwiro Séraphine na we nta gitekerezo yari afite cy’uburyo yabyitwaramo kugeza ubwo yashyingirwaga, maze nyuma y’amezi icumi Imana ikamuha imfura enye z’abahungu.

Nyirarugwiro akomoka mu Karere ka Rusizi mu Burengerazuba, akaba yaraje muri Kigali mu kazi, ahahurira n’umusore na we wari waraje kuhashakira ubuzima aturuka mu Karere ka Gatsibo mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba barakundana, kugeza ubwo bemeranyijwe kurushinga mu 2016.

Icyo gihe ababyeyi babifurije imigisha yo kuzabyara hungu na kobwa, ariko nta wahamya ko hari uwigeze atekereza ko umugisha w’abana kuri uwo muryango mushya wari uvutse washoboraga kuza mu buryo bwihuse nk’uko byagenze.

Yagize ati “Tugishakana twamaze ukwezi kumwe duhita dusama. Ni ibintu byaje gutyo mu buryo bwa ‘naturelle’. Rero nagiye kwisuzumisha bisanzwe kwa muganga, kuko hari inshuro 8 umugore utwite, agomba kwipimisha inda, ariko bitari ‘echographie’ kuko yo ikorwa ku bushake bw’umubyeyi wifuza kureba uko umwana ameze mu nda. Naho ku gipimo ni akuma gasanzwe bashyira ku nda bakumva umutima w’umwana”.

’Amaso’ y’ibyuma bya muganga atabona neza

Umuganga wapimye Nyirarugwiro ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya Kacyiru, yahise atanga amakuru ariko atuzuye neza.

Nyirarugwiro yagize ati,” Icyo gihe, bapimishije akuma gasanzwe bashyira ku nda bakumva umutima w’umwana, muganga ahita ambwira ati ariko ndumva umutima atari uw’umwana umwe. Ahita ampa ‘transfert’ yo kujya ku Bitaro bya Kacyiru. Ngarutse ubwo hari nko mu kwezi kwa Kabiri, bancisha muri ‘echographie’ muganga arebye ahita avuga ngo ntwite impanga z’abana babiri (2). Kubera ko yari imbyaro ya mbere, numvise nta bidasanzwe. Gusa muganga wari uhari yabaye nk’ushidikanya, ambwira ko bashobora kuba barenga babiri, ati genda uzagaruke mu byumweru bibiri turebe”.

“ Mu kwezi kwa Gatatu nasubiyeyo muganga arapima arambwira ati, ndabona utwite abana batatu(3), maze ndaseka ndamubwira nti ubwo ubutaha muzambwira ko barenze, …none se ubwa mbere nagiyeyo bati ni babiri, ubundi bati turabona ari batatu, urumva se bidatangaje nyine. Naramubwiye nti ubwo ubutaha noneho muzambwira ko biyongereye.”

” Ubwo nahise mfata ‘rendez-vous’ zihoraho, kugeza aho natangiye kujya kwa muganga buri cyumweru. Narinze mbyara bakibona batatu, babiri bari mu ngobyi imwe, n’undi mu ye ngobyi, n’undi mu ye ngobyi. Zari ingobyi eshatu muri rusange. Muganga yararebaga akabona abo babiri, ari umwe, kuko yaranavugaga ati ndabona uriya yarabaryamiye arabarusha ibiro. Gusa yanyuzagamo agashidikanya, akanavuga ati, ntawamenya, ushobora no kubyara na bane, ati ubyaye n’abarenze batatu ntabwo byagutungura”.

Yabyaye nyuma y’ibyumweru 33 aho kuba 40

“Rero mu minsi ya nyuma, nakomezaga nkurikiranwa n’umuganga umwe buri cyumweru, ariko w’aho ku Bitaro bya Kacyiru, akambwira ko abana bameze neza, bakura neza. Gusa aza kumpa ‘rendez-vous yo kubyara mu kwa Karindwi 2017, ku itariki 14, ku byumweru 33”.

Nyirarugwiro yabyaye abazwe, abyara abana be bane b’abahungu, bose ari bazima, ariko bakeneye kwitabwaho mu buryo butandukanye, kuko babiri muri bo, bahise babambika imyenda y’impinja, bashyirwa mu dutanda two muri ‘couveuse’ , abandi babiri bajyanwa mu yindi serivisi ya ‘NEO’ umwe muri bo ashyirwaho akamashini kamufasha guhumeka. Abana be yababonye ku munsi wa gatatu. Bahawe amata kuva bavutse, kuko amashereka ntiyahise aboneka, n’igihe yari atangiye kuboneka ngo ntihabonekaga ayahaza abana bane. Nyuma y’ibyumweru 3, umubyeyi n’abana be bose baratashye bajya mu rugo, hatangira urugendo rushyashya rwo kubitaho.

Nta bantu yari afite bo kumufasha mu rugo, kubera ko umugabo yajyaga mu kazi gushakisha ibitunga urugo, Nyirakuru w’abana yaje kumufasha iminsi nk’itatu gusa aritahira.

Yagize ati ”Urumva iyo ubyaye bwa mbere nta bindi bintu bidasanzwe utekereza, ntabwo uba uzi ibijya mbere, ntabwo uba uzi ibiciro ku isoko ngo bimeze bite, uba uri mu munyenga nyine ko ugiye kubyara nta bindi. Ibintu byo kwibaza ngo ese nzabishobora, ngo inzu irahagije,..ntabwo nigeze ntekereza ibyo bintu. Erega nabonye Imana nyine iguha ibintu ushoboye, cyangwa ahubwo iguha ibintu igushoboza. Kuko nta bushobozi waba ufite bwo kurera abana bane icyarimwe. Nari nsanzwe nkorera umuntu muri ‘papeterie’, ariko nkibyara abo bana nahise mpagarika akazi. Nabyaye nta bintu ndagura mu rwego rwo kwitegura, ibyaguzwe byabonetse turi kwa muganga nabyaye, abana bamaze kuvuka”.

’Fata ibyo ukoresha ku mwana umwe iyo wabyaye ukube kane’

“Ibyo kwitegura biterwa…twebwe nta bushobozi twari dufite bwo guhera ruhande ngo tugure ibintu byose. Urabizi ko iyo umuntu yishoboye aba yatatse icyumba cy’umwana, ibintu byose bimeze neza. Nta bushobozi twari kubona, inzu twarimo yari iyacu ariko itaruzura neza, nta byo kugura udutanda tune, n’ibindi nk’ibyo kuko ibyo byose biterwa n’umufuka uko uhagaze,…twaguze ibase imwe, ivalisi imwe...nta kundi. Ibisigaye ni abantu bagiye badufasha, umuntu akibaza ati harya iyo nabyaye biba bimeze bite, ati ese buriya afite ibyo abambika, agahita aterura ivalisi y’imyenda akazana..ni abantu tutanazi batubayemo”.

Nyirarugwiro avuga ko mu mezi atandatu abanza, abana banywaga amata yitwa ‘Nani’, kandi igikombe bakakinywa umunsi umwe kikaba kirashize, bivuze ko hakenerwaga ari hagati ya 300.000-400.000Frw ku kwezi, kandi umugabo we yakoraga akazi ko gutwara abagenzi kuri moto gusa.

Yagize ati ”Ni ubuntu bw’Imana, ni byo nakubwira, kuko urebye ibyo wowe ukoresha ku mwana umwe, ngaho bifate ubikube kane,… Ni Imana ibikora, nta kazi waba ufite ku buryo uhaza abo bana ijana ku ijana. Hari ukuntu Imana ikora ibintu nyine, no muri icyo kimotari ukora, ikaguhera n’aho abandi baburiye, ukabona iminsi iricumye, ariko rwose ntakubeshye. kugeza kuri iyi saha ni Imana kuko abana bagize imyaka umunani ariko na n’ubu sindasubira mu kazi”.

Gutanga ama "care" ahagije kuri buri mwana

Nyirarugwiro avuga ko abana be bakiri bato, kubaheka mu mugongo bitakundaga kubaho, kuko atari kubishobora. Mu kubaha amata yayashyiraga muri ‘bibero’ akabahereza akazishyigikiza ibikoresho bisukuye nk’igitambaro kizinze neza, kugira ngo zitagwa, ubundi abana bagakora umwitozo wo kwigaburira, bagenda babimenyera.

Bageze ku mezi atandatu, ibyo kubaha imfashabere bitangiye, yafataga isahani imwe akajya atamika buri mwana umwe ku wundi.

Iyo bariraga, yateruraga umwe akamuhoza akanya gato, agaterura undi akamuhoza, gutyo gutyo. Bageze igihe cyo gukambakamba, yafungaga inzu bakirirwamo bayizenguruka akajya acunga aho bajya gusa. Ariko muri abo bana, ngo harimo umwe wasigaye inyuma mu byo kugenda ku buryo yarengeje imyaka 2 ataragenda.

Kurwarira rimwe, kuririra rimwe? Oya

Ku bijya bivugwa ko abana b’impanga barwarira rimwe, bakaririra rimwe, uyu mubyeyi avuga ko bitakunze kumubaho, uretse cyera bagifite amezi arindwi(7), aho barwaye impiswi imara iminsi, impamvu iyitera itinda kumenyekana, babiri bakira mbere, abandi babiri basigaramo, bakira nyuma.

Abana bagize imyaka ine nibwo bagiye gutangira ishuri, kubera ko byasabye ko bategereza uwo mugenzi wabo watinze kumenya kugenda, babiri bashyirwa mu cyumba kimwe cy’ishuri abandi babiri mu kindi.

Nyuma y’umwaka umwe, Nyirarugwiro yasamye inda ya kabiri

Mu 2018, ubwo ni nyuma y’umwaka umwe gusa impanga zivutse, Nyirarugwiro yabyaye undi mwana, aza ari umukobwa, abahungu baba babonye mushiki wabo, batamuruta cyane, kuko iyo urebye ubona bangana.

Yagize ati,” Menya ko nasamye uwo wa kabiri ntabwo nigeze mpagayika mu mutwe, nubwo byari bitunguranye, nikanze ko naba natwise impanga nanone, ariko njya muri ‘echographie’ babona ari umwe, ariko n’iyo ziba zo nta kibazo kuko imyenda y’abo bakuru yari igihari bari kwambara ubuzima bugakomeza, ikintu udafite icyo uri buhindureho urakihorera. None se ubwo byari kuntera ‘stress’ nkabihinduraho iki?. Ni nk’aho nabarereye rimwe ari batanu, banagendeye rimwe ku ishuri”.

Nyirarugwiro avuga ko nubwo bikunze kuvugwa ko impanga zizanwa n’abagore cyangwa se zituruka ku bagore, iwabo mu muryango nta wundi wabyaye bane. Ariko ngo mu muryango wo kwa nyina hari uwabyaye impanga z’abana babiri, kandi hari na musaza we wazibyaye za babiri. Mu muryango w’umugabo we, ho ngo nta mpanga zihaba ku buryo kwisanga abyaye bane byatunguranye cyane ariko birabanezeza.

Mu gihe bari bakiri bato, Nyirarugwiro yakoraga imirimo yo mu rugo yo guteka, kumesera abo bana, gukoropa mu nzu n’ibindi, ari uko abana basinziriye. Muri iki gihe batangiye ishuri, akora imirimo yo mu rugo bagiye ku ishuri, bataha agatangira kubafasha mu mikoro bazanye (home works), no kubategura kugira ngo baryame…

Ubwo Nyirarugwiro abyaye kangahe?

Avuga ko iyo hari abamubajije inshuro abyaye, asubiza ko abyaye kabiri karimo abana batanu.

Yagize ati “Abantu bakunda kubibazanya, njyewe iyo bambajije mvuga ko mbyaye kabiri karimo batanu, umuntu utabizi ntabwo ajya abyemera, ahita avuga ati, abana batanu wababyaye ryari?, kubera ko mfite n’umubiri muto, ntabwo abantu benshi bapfa kubyemera ko nababyaye. Mba numva ari amashimwe, nkumva ari bya bitangaza bibaho”.

Yagize ati ”Nta ngorane zihariye ku muntu wabyaye abana 4 b’impanga, … gusa urumva nyine ni bwa buzima, niba hari urimo kwishyura ‘minerivali’ y’umwana umwe, ubwo twebwe ni ugukuba kane, ariko nta kintu njya nshinja Imana, nubwo bimeze bityo, nubwo byaboneka bigoranye, ariko rwose ntacyo nashinja Imana abana banjye bameze neza nta kibazo”.

Mu itangazo ryasohowe n’iyo Ambasade, Abanyarwanda bose basabwe gukomeza kubahiriza amabwiriza ajyanye no kwirinda yashyizweho n’inzego zibifitiye ububasha zo mu bihugu baherereyemo, kandi bagakomeza gukurikirana amakuru y’uko ibintu bimeze, bifashishije imbuga za interineti zemewe zashyizweho.

Bakomeje bemeza ko kugeza ubu, nta Munyarwanda n’umwe uragirira ikibazo muri iyo ntambara yatangijwe na Amerika na Israel muri Iran.

Ambasade yasobanuye ko irimo gukorana na RwandAir ndetse n’izindi nzego bireba, kugira ngo Abanyarwanda bose bifuza gutaha babone indege zibazana, bityo isaba ababishaka bose, kwihutira kwiyandikisha.

Ambasade kandi yibukije ko abakozi bayo bahari kandi biteguye gutanga ubufasha ubwo ari bwo bwose bukenewe ku Banyarwanda bari muri ibyo bihugu, aho bahawe numero ya telefoni bahamagaraho na email banyuzaho ubutumwa.

Iryo teka rya Minisitiri ryemeza ifungurwa ry’agateganyo ku bantu 1874 bakatiwe n’inkiko.

Uwafunguwe by’agateganyo nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 2 y’iryo teka, agomba kwiyereka
umushinjacyaha wo ku Rwego rw’Ibanze rw’aho aba, no mu Mudugudu, Akagari, Umurenge, n’Akarere
by’aho aba bitarenze iminsi 15, uhereye igihe iryi teka risohotse mu Igazeti ya Leta ya Repubulika y’u
Rwanda.

Asabwa kwitaba umushinjacyaha wo ku Rwego rw’Ibanze rw’aho aba, aho Ubushinjacyaha bukorera,
nibura inshuro imwe mu kwezi ku munsi wagenwe n’Umushinjacyaha ku Rwego rw’Ibanze.

Agomba gusaba Minisitiri ufite ubutabera mu nshingano uruhushya igihe cyose ashatse kujya mu
mahanga.

Iyo hari imbogamizi zituma uwafunguwe by’agateganyo adashobora kubahiriza ibyo kujya kwitaba
umushinjacyaha, akoresha uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho, akamenyesha umushinjacyaha,
amumenyesha aho aherereye n’impamvu zatumye ataza kumwiyereka. Iyo izo mbogamizi zivuyeho, ajya
kwiyereka ubuyobozi bw’Umudugudu, bugakora raporo ishyikirizwa umushinjacyaha wok u Rwego
rw’Ibanze rw’aho atuye.

Ibyo uwafunguwe by’agateganyo asabwa kubahiriza birimo kwiyereka ubushinjacyaha ndetse
n’ubuyobozi bw’inzegi z’ibanze, birangirana n’igihe cy’igifungo yari asigaje kugira ngo arangize igihano.

Uwafunguwe by’agateganyo, ashobora kubyamburwa bitewe n’imwe mu mpamvu zitandukanye,
bigakorwa na Minisitiri ufite ubutabera mu nshingano. Muri zo harimo kuba uwafunguwe by’agateganyo
akatiwe ku kindi cyaha mu rubanza rwabaye ndakuka, kuba atitwaye neza ku buryo bugaragara, kuba
atubahirije neza kimwe mu byategetswe n’iri teka.

Inkurikizi zo kwamburwa ifungurwa ry’agateganyo ry’uwakatiwe, ni uko ahita ajya gufungwa igice
cy’igihano cy’igifungo yari asigaje igihe yahabwaga ifungurwa ry’agateganyo. Kurangira icyo gihano
cy’igifungo, bitangira kubarwa uhereye ku munsi yamburiweho ifungurwa ry’agateganyo.

Ibiteganywa kubahirizwa n’uwakatiwe wafunguwe by’agateganyo, bishobora guhindurwa cyangwa se
kuvanwaho, hashingiwe ku myitwarire ye. Ni we usaba ko ibitegetswe bihindurwa cyangwa se
bivanwaho. Abisaba mu nyandiko Minisitiri ufite ubutabera mu nshingano.

Uyu munsi abahawe gufungurwa by’agateganyo, ni 1874, harimo agabore 137 n’abana 5 baturutse mu
igororero ry’abana rya Nyagatare nk’uko byasobanuwe n’Umuvugizi w’Urwego rw’imfungwa
n’abagororwa, CSP Sengabo Hillary.

Abahawe ifungurwa ry’agateganyo ni abakoze ibyaha bitandukanye hatarimo icyaha cya jenoside no
kunyereza umutungo wa Leta, kubera ko iryo fungurwa ry’agateganyo ngo ritangwa habanje kurebwa ku
buremere bw’icyaha, imyitwarire, no kureba niba ufungurwa nta kibazo yateza muri sosiyete aramutse
atashye.

Abenshi mu bafunguwe ni abari barakoze ibyaha bitandukanye bijyanye no gutunda, kubika cyangwa se
no gucuruza ibiyobyabwenge bitandukanye. Ibindi byaha biganjemo ni ibijyanye n’ubujura
bukoreshejwe kiboko cyangwa se ibikangisho, ubujura buciye icyuho, ndetse no gukubita no
gukomeretsa ku bushake. Hari kandi guhoza guhoza ku nkeke abo bashakanye n’ibindi.

Kureba and mafoto menshi y’abafunguwe, kanda HANO

Minisitiri w’Urubyiruko n’Iterambere ry’Ubuhanzi mu Rwanda, Dr. Utumatwishima Abdallah

Ubwo yari kuri KT Radio avuga ibyerekeranye n’amahirwe y’akazi ahari ku rubyiruko, yavuze ko Minisiteri ayoboye ifite urubyiruko rugera kuri Miliyoni enye igomba kwitaho, kandi igice kinini muri abo, ngo abafite imyaka kuva kuri 16 kugeza kuri 20, bakiri mu gihe cyo kurerwa no kwiga, bagahabwa umwanya munini kugira ngo batozwe kuba urubyiruko rwiza.

Yasobanuye ko imibare itangwa n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare, igaragaza ko muri rusange igipimo cy’Abanyarwanda badafite akazi muri rusange cyagabanutse, ubu kikaba kiri kuri 12%, abafite ubushomeri bwinshi cyane ni urubyiruko, kuko bagize 14%.

Yagize ati, “Iyo ugiye mu mibare y’abo bashomeri nabwo, usanga abafite ubushomeri bwinshi ari abakobwa. Ni ukuvuga 14% ni ikigereranyo rusange cy’urubyiruko, abakobwa n’abahungu, ariko iyo ugiye mu mibare myinshi, urubyiruko rw’abahungu rushobora kuba ari nka 13%, abakobwa ari nka 16%. Na cyo abantu bagomba kukimenya, kugira ngo bajye batekereza n’icyakorwa, bibanda cyane mu kureba umwana w’umukobwa. Abana b’abakobwa, kubera cya kibazo cyo guterwa inda bakiri bato, bava mu ishuri kare, kandi amahirwe y’umurimo akunda guherekezwa no kuba warageze mu ishuri, abantu batekereza cyane, tuba dutekereza kuri iki cyiciro cy’abakobwa”.

Yasobanuye ko muri Miliyoni enye z’urubyiruko zihari, 70% yarwo batuye mu cyaro, naho 30% batuye mu Mijyi harimo Kigali n’indi yungiriza Kigali, ikindi kandi muri izo Miliyoni enye z’urubyiruko, abarenga 50% bize amashuri abanza gusa.

Yagize ati, “Icya mbere bari mu cyaro, icya kabiri bize amashuri abanza gusa, ku buryo iyo turebye muri 2026, n’uburyo imirimo igenda iboneka, hari iby’ibanze bisabwa usanga tudafite, cyangwa se usanga urubyiruko badafite”.

Minisitiri Utumatwishima yavuze ko ahaboneka imirimo myinshi cyangwa se abantu ba mbere batanga akazi nk’uko bisobanurwa n’iyo mibare y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare, ari mu buhinzi kuko bigira ibice bitandukanye bitanga akazi uhereye mu murima, kugeza ku bikorwa byo kongerera agaciro ibikomoka ku buhinzi. Ahandi ni mu bwubatsi, aho urubyiruko rutandukanye rukoresha amaboko rubona akazi yaba mu gufasha abubatsi babyize mu mashuri atandukanye.

Ahandi haboneka amahirwe menshi y’akazi ku rubyiruko, nk’uko Minisitiri Utumatwishima yabivuze, ni mu bijyanye n’ubwikorezi rusange, kuko habamo serivisi zirenze kuba abashoferi gusa. Ahandi haboneka akazi ni mu ngo z’abantu, kuko na ho hakora umubare munini w’urubyiruko, harimo abarangije kwiga amashuri yisumbuye, abize ibyo gutanga serivisi zo kwita ku bantu, n’ibindi kandi ako kazi kakabatunga.

Minisitiri Utumatwishima yavuze ko urubyiruko rwifuza kubona akazi cyangwa se rushaka amahirwe y’akazi, rugomba na rwo kwitegura, rukirinda imyitwarire mibi, rukagira n’aho ruhurira n’abandi kugira ngo rumenyekane, yaba mu Mirenge aho rutuye, mu gukorera Igihugu binyuze mu bukorerabushake n’ibindi.

Yagize ati “Inzozi zirashoboka, ariko se muri izo nzozi ufite, muri ibyo bitekerezo ufite, no kuba wagira amafaranga na byo ni inzozi, no kuba wagira akazi keza, ubirota uri nde? Urabirota waraye unyoye ‘Icyuma’, waraye unyoye Siriduwiri, waraye unyoye inzoga z’inkorano zitujuje ubuziranenge, ukabirota ukabona ko bizaba impamo?”

Yakomeje agira ati “Hari andi mahirwe y’akazi nshaka kubwira urubyiruko, wari uzi ko buriya urubyiruko rufite imyaka 18-25, baba bafite amahirwe yo kujya mu gisirikare, mu gipolisi, muri ‘reserve force’, no mu bacungagereza, kandi ushobora kujyayo ukirangiza amashuri yisumbuye bakazanagufasha kwiga na Kaminuza? Ayo mahirwe se ko ahari, kuki utayajyamo? Ariko uzi ukuntu batsindwa? Babapima ibiyobyabwenge bagasanga yaranyweye, bakabapima inzoga, bagasanga harimo inzoga n’izindi zitari zavumburwa…”.

Mukarubega hamwe n’itsinda ry’abafatanyabikorwa babanje gusura abanyeshuri biga kuri ‘Groupe Scolaire Kibungo’ barimo abishyurirwa na ‘Rwanda Children Education Foundation RCEF), umuryango utagengwa na Leta, washinzwe na Mukarubega.

Nyuma y’iki gikorwa, bagabiye bamwe mu babyeyi barerera muri iri shuri inka enye.

Yagize ati,” Kuremere abaturage inka, biri mu rwego rwo gushyigikira gahunda ya ‘Gira inka’, no kurwanya imirire mbi."

Mukamana Beatrice, umwe muri abo baturage bagabiwe inka yavuze ko yishimye cyane ko ahawe inka ndetse yemeza ko agiye kuyitaho neza kugira ngo nawe azoroze abandi.

Yagize ati, “ Ndumva nishimye cyane, nshimishijwe n’iyi nka,ngashimira umuyobozi wacu wa RCEF wampaye inzu none akaba ananyoroje inka. Imana imuhe umugisha."

Muri rusange, uwo muryango ufasha abanyeshuri 178, harimo abiga mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye.

Mukarubega yasobanuye ko nyuma yo kubona ko muri abo banyeshuri bafashwa hari abagera mu ngo iwabo, bagasangayo ibibazo by’ubukene bikababangamira mu myigire yabo, yahisemo gufasha n’iyo miryango kwikura mu bukene, abagabira inka.

Hamwe no kwishyurira abana baturuka mu miryango ikennye kandi, Mukarubega yabubakiye n’ivuriro ‘polyclinic’ rimaze gutwara asaga Miliyoni 600 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, rikaba rizangira gukora mu ntangiriro z’umwaka utaha wa 2027.

Ntazinda Rongin, Umuyobozi w’Ishami ry’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu Karere ka Bugesera, yashimye ibikorwa bya Mukarubega kuko yigisha abana b’u Rwanda, akaba yaragejeje amazi meza muri ako Kagari ka Kibungo, akahazana ivuriro none akaba yagabiye n’abaturage inka.

Yagize ati,” Dukurikije aho inka igeze muri iyi minsi, nta nka ikigura munsi ya Miliyoni y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, abantu bagabiwe inka uyu munsi, ni igishoro gikomeye bahawe."

Umugabo watangiye guhembwa na Youtube kuva mu 2020, ubu ageze ku mafaranga angana na Miliyoni 4.5 Frw - 7 Frw ku kwezi, tukaba twarahisemo kumwita Kamanzi Bukuru kuko adashaka kumena amabanga y’ubucuruzi bwe.

Mu gutangira, ushaka guhembwa na Youtube agomba kuba afite ‘E-mail’ ya ‘Gmail’ kuko ari yo yonyine yemewe gukoreshwa mu gufungura urubuga kuri YouTube, (YouTube Channel). Ni ukuvuga ko Gmail ni iya Google na YouTube ni iya Google, imwe rero ikoreshwa mu gufungura indi.

Umaze gufungura urubuga cyangwa se ‘channel’ kuri YouTube, bitangira nta kintu kiriho, icyo gihe agatangira gushyiraho ibyo yifuza kuzajya ashyira kuri urwo rubuga yafunguye (Content), hanyuma abantu bagatangira kubireba.

Ababireba baba bashobora kuba bariyandikishije cyangwa se batariyandikishije, ibyo bita mu Gifaransa ‘s’abonner’ cyangwa se ‘subscribe’ mu Cyongereza.

Abakunda kureba amavidewo kuri YouTube, bazi ko hari ahantu munsi bakanda handitse rimwe muri ayo magambo abiri. Yaba abareba videwo biyandikishije n’abatiyandikishije bose baba bafitiye akamaro uwayishyizeho, ariko ibyiza cyane ni ku bayireba biyandikishije.

Icyo bivuze, nuko aba bahinduka inshuti na wa muntu ushyiraho izo videwo, ku buryo iyo hari videwo nshya ashyizeho bahita babona ubutumwa bagahita bayibona.

Ariko kureba videwo biyandikishije bifasha n’ushyiraho videwo kubera ko bituma ubutaha iyo ashyizeho za videwo, atabanza gusaba abantu kuzireba no kuzisangiza abantu cyane kubera ko aba afite abantu benshi bayirebera kuri ‘Channel’.

Gufungura Channel no kuyishyiraho videwo, ntabwo bihagije byonyine kugira ngo umuntu atangire ahembwe na YouTube, ahubwo nyuma yo gufungura, agomba gutangira guharanira kujya mu ‘bafatanyabikorwa’ (partners) ba YouToube.

Ibi byinjiza umuntu ku rubuga ruhuza abakorana na YouTube (YouTube Partners Program ‘YPP’). Gusa, abafatanyabikorwa ba YouTube, ntabwo ari abakora za videwo z’ibiganiro runaka gusa ( Content creators), ahubwo hari n’abazanaho amatangazo yo kwamamaza, bakajya bishyura YouTube, bikayifasha kwishyura ba bandi bitwa ‘content creators’.

Uwamaze kugira ‘channel’ akaba yifuze kuba umufatanyabikorwa ‘partner’ wa YouTube kugira ngo yinjire mu batangira gukorera amafaranga ya YouTube’, aba asabwa kuba yarujuje umubare w’abantu nibura igihumbi barebye videwo ze biyandikishije (subscribers).Uwo mubare ugomba kukaba warageze mu gihe cy’umwaka.

Ikindi ni umubare w’amasaha bamaze bareba izo videwo ( Public watch hours) ugomba kuba nibura amasaha 4000 mu mwaka, hakarebwa niba ibivugwa muri videwo zishyirwa kuri Channel byubahiriza amategeko yitwa ’ YouTube Community Guidelines’.

Ni ukuvuga ko zigomba kuba zitari iterabwoba, cyangwa ngo zivuge amakuru y’ibihuha, ubusambanyi, amakuru ya siyansi ariko ashingiye ku kinyoma n’ibindi. Agomba kuba atari amakuru yakuwe ahandi nta burenganzira bwa nyirayo buhari, ‘copyright, n’ibindi.

Iyo uwafunguye channel amaze kwemererwa kuba ‘partner’ wa YouTube atangira gushyiraho videwo ariko akanagaragaza ko yemera ko zanyuzwamo amatangazo yo kwamamaza ya Youtube (to monetize) .

Ufite channel kandi aba asabwa gufungura konti ku rundi rubuga rwa google rwitwa ‘AdSense’, akaruhuza na Channel ye. Aho ni ho hashyirwa amafaranga akorera muri izo videwo, kandi muri urwo rubuga ni honyine YouTube yateganyije ko umuntu ashyira konti ye ya banki izajya inyuzwaho ayo mafaranga ye.

Abahembwa na YouTube, babona amafaranga yabo buri tariki 21 za buri kwezi, nubwo abari muri Afurika akunze kubageraho tariki 22, ariko guhemba biba byaraye bibaye.

Umuntu ufite channel ya YouTube ngo ahembwa bigendeye ku buryo videwo ze zirebwa, niba zirebwa amasaha menshi kandi mu gihe gito, ariko n’ahantu abazireba cyane bari.

Byongera ikintu kinini, kubera ba bandi bamamaza kuri YouTube bakanatanga amafaranga ahemba abakora ‘content’, bishyura menshi ku bakoze videwo zikarebwa cyane n’abantu bari mu bihugu bigura cyane ibyo bamamaza.

Kamanzi agira ati,” Njyewe natangiye kuba umufatanyabikorwa (partner) mu 2019 nibwo nabigerageje kuyifungura. Nari mfite amakuru macyeya, nyuma banyambura uburenganzira.

Yongeyeho kandi ati "Ntabwo nari nzi uko bigenda. Igihe nagombaga gushyiraho videwo narakirengeje, mbese mara igihe ntashyiraho videwo. YouTube channel imeze nka konti ya banki, iyo utayikoresha irasinzira…iyo hashize amezi atandatu (6), bagufungira uburenganzira bwo kuba ‘umu-partner’."

Aha rero, ngo yatinze gushyiraho videwo baramufungira, arongera atangira bundi bushya, ndetse yemeza ko igihe ashyizeho videwo zizajya zinyuzwamo amatangazo yo kwamamaza, Ibi bisaba ko ukanda ahabigenewe.

Yagize ati "Njyewe sinabikoraga ngo nkande aho hantu, kuko nibeshyaga ko YouTube izajya ibyibwiriza, nyuma ibona ko ntashaka gukorana nabo, ari na bwo bamfungiye. Ubu byarahindutse iyo ushyizeho videwo YouTube ihita ibibona”.

Uyu munsi rero, Kamanzi ngo afite abareba videwo biyandikishije ‘subscribers’ barenga ibihumbi magana arindwi, akaba yaratangiye guhembwa hashize amezi atatu atangiye, hari mu 2020.

Agira ati "Iyo bigitangira ntabwo uhita uhembwa ako kanya, ni indi ntambwe, kubera ko njyewe nahembwe bwa mbere hashize amezi atatu. Hazamo ibintu byo kugenzura konti ya AdSense n’iya banki. Ubona amafaranga ufite kuri iyo konti ya AdSense ariko utahita uyakuraho. Icyo gihe ukwezi kwa mbere nakoreye Amadalori 180, ukwa kabiri 400, ukwa gatatu 1500, yose bayampera rimwe."

Hagati aho, umuntu ufite Youtube channel aba yemerewe kujya kuri banki ye akavugana nayo niba ashaka kwakira Amadolari cyangwa se niba ashaka ko bayahindura mu mafaranga y’igihugu cye. Gusa anyuzwa kuri za banki, kuri za SACCO n’izindi micro-finance’ ntibikunda”.

Kamanzi agira ati “Ukwezi kwakurikiyeho nahembwe Amadolari 1700 , kuko iyo watangiye guhembwa ikiba gisigaye kirebwaho cyane, ni ibyo wakoze, uko byarebwe n’ababirebye aho bari baherereye, …ubu aho bigeze muri uyu mwaka (2026), mbaze nko mu kwezi ndebwa hagati n’abantu bari hagati ya Miliyoni eshatu n’igice na Miliyoni eshanu (3.5-5 M), ibyo bimpesha guhembwa ari hagati y’ibihumbi 3500-5000 by’Amadolari ku kwezi (ni ukuvuga ari hagati ya Miliyoni enye na zirindwi.”

Urubuga rwa Youtube barwiba bate?

Ku bijyanye n’ibijya bivugwa ngo kanaka bamwibye urubuga rwa YouTube, ( YouTube Channel), icyo gihe ngo baba batwaye amagambo ye n’umubare by’ibanga, bakarumukuraho, kuko hari abantu bazi kwinjira mu mbuga z’abantu, abo bakunze kwita,’aba-hackers’.

Icyo gihe uwibwe urubuga, amenyesha YouTube bakamufasha, ariko n’abandi bahari mu gihugu bashobora gufasha mu kuyigarura, nawe akagira icyo akora kugira ngo arugaruze.

Gusa uwarwibye icyo yarukoresha ni uguhindura amazina, gukuraho videwo zari zarashyizweho, ariko ‘Subscribers’ bagumaho, kandi ntibyoroshye ko yatangira guhembwa amafaranga YouTube yahaga uwashinze channel kubera ko aba yatwaye urubuga ariko atatwaye konti ya banki ye.

Impamvu uwibwe urubuga yihutira kubimenyesha YouTube, ni uko itamenya niba umuntu yayitanze ku bushake cyangwa se yayibwe, kubera ko uwashinze ‘channel’ aba afite uburenganzira bwo kuyitanga. Ikindi ni uko uwo wayibye, iyo ayitindanye aba ashobora guhindura ya ‘AdSense na Konti ya banki agatangira guhembwa…”.

Ku batekereza ko YouTube ihemba abantu biyicariye iwabo, ngo ntabwo ari byo kuko abahembwa nayo kandi bifuza kubona menshi, ntibaryama, barakora cyane amanywa n’ijoro kuko uko umuntu ashyiraho byinshi bikarebwa cyane, ni ko amafaranga azahembwa ku kwezi yiyongera.

Kamanzi agira ati, “ Ntabwo turyama nshuti yanjye, ibitotsi turabihorana, YouTube imeze nka nyakabyizi, uhembwa cyane kuko wakoze, uhagaritse gushyiraho amavidewo, ntabwo wakomeza guhembwa. Wenda mpagaritse uyu munsi, abantu bakomeza bakaza bakareba ibyo nashyizeho cyera, ariko bagera aho bakabivaho, sinongere guhembwa."

Yongeraho ati "Amezi atandatu (6) ashize banyaka ‘monetization’, ari bwo burenganzira bwo guhembwa. Na mbere mbere yo kunyambura uburenganzira bwo guhembwa, naba mpembwa udufaranga ducyeya."

Ari bakuru be batatu bamubanjirije, ndetse n’abandi bavandimwe batanu bamukurikiye, nta wagize ikibazo kidasanzwe cy’ubuzima, ariko we, mu gihe urungano rwe rwajyaga mu mashuri y’inshuke, yafashwe n’uburwayi bukomeye bw’amaso.

Ababyeyi baragerageje mu mavuliro yose ashoboka, mu bahanga bose bo mu gihugu aho bari hose, ariko biranga. Ku myaka 12 igihe umwana yinjiye mu bwangavu, Niyibizi yabazwe amaso mu rwego rwo kugerageza gukemura ikibazo, maze ahubwo ubushobozi buke bwo kubona yari asigaranye buhita butakara burundu kugeza uyu munsi.

Iyo muganiriye, Niyibizi, umubyeyi w’urugwiro rwinshi, agira ati ” Ntabwo byaje rimwe, kumwe umuntu yabyuka akisanga atabona. Ntabwo nagize gutya ngo mbone burije. Byavuye ku buryo navurwaga, kwa kundi umuryango ukomeza ushakisha ugira uti ahari hano byakunda. Aho bumvaga ubuvuzi hose baranjyanaga, ahadukaga umuganga mushya hose baranyirukankanaga.”

Inzobere z’abaganga bo muri Canada zambuye Niyibizi ubushobozi bwo kubona

“Kuri iyo myaka rero nibuka ko hari haje abaganga baturuka muri Canada, baza ku ivuliro ryari I Butare ahitwa kuri Groupe. Ababyeyi banjyanyeyo, bambaga amaso, maze nyuma yo kubagwa nza gupfukurwa, bamvura ibikomere nyine by’ububage, nsanga kubona byararangiye. Ni uko byahagaze.”

Icyakora, ubushobozi bwo gutwaza mu buzima, no gukurikira inzozi ze, bwo ntibwatakaye, n’ubwo yabaye inzira y’inzitane.

Niyibizi agira ati “Icyakurikiyeho ni ugutangira kumenya kubaho muri ubwo buzima. Ntabwo byanangoye cyane kuko nari nkiri muto. Burya kuri iriya myaka, imbogamizi ziba nkeya, nta bwenge bwinshi uba ubishyiramo.Ntuba utinya kuko n’ubundi abana bakuze batabona, bakina nk’uko n’abandi bana bakina, rero ntabwo byangoye cyane”.

Niyibizi avuga ko na mbere yo kugira ubwo bumuga bwa burundu bwo kutabona, ku myaka itandatu umuryango we wari waramushyize mu ishuri ry’abatabona mu kigo cya Gatagara, aho kumushyira mu ishuri risanzwe. Byaturutse ku nama z’abaganga babagiriye inama yo kutamuvunisha ngo arwane no kureba kandi atajyana n’abandi bana babona neza.

Agira ati “Nagize umuryango mwiza cyane, Aka kato gakorerwa abantu bafite ubumuga, burya kava mu ngo zacu. Mu rugo iwacu bamfashe neza, ku buryo byatumye n’abana tungana batampa akato, kuko babonaga n’iwacu ntawe umpa akato. Burya iwabo w’umuntu niho haturuka guhabwa agaciro cyangwa kugatakaza. Nagize umuryango wanyitayeho, wankuze cyane, bakora ibishoboka byose bashaka ko nakira ntibyakunda.”

Niyibizi yibuka ko mu gihe yari atangiye kumenya ubwenge yiga nko mu wa kane w’amashuri abanza, iwabo mu rugo hari hatangiye kuza impaka ku buryo akwiye kubaho.

Nyina yamubereye Malayika

Abavandimwe be ndetse na Se bumvaga yabaho ari umuntu wicara hamwe agakorerwa byose kugira ngo atavunika, mu gihe Nyina we atashakaga ko abaho nk’umwana utandukanye n’abandi. Ni yo mpamvu yamutoje hakiri kare imirimo yo mu rugo irimo kumesa, koza ‘ibyombo’ n’ibindi, akamwerekera uko bikorwa kandi koko akabikora.

Yagize ati,” ubu iyo mbitekereje mbona yarashakaga kwereka abadukikije baba abavandimwe n’abandi bose, ko ntatandukanye n’abandi ndi umwana nkabo. Twari dufite mama ukaze cyane, ku buryo mu biruhuko iwacu abakozi baratahaga, tukikorera imirimo yose yo mu rugo.”

Nyina ngo yarabyukaga, akagabagabanya abana imirimo, na Niyibizi ntamworohereze.

Abavandimwe be ngo wasangaga barwanira kumukorera umurimo umubyeyi yamuhaye, ariko nyina akabangira kuko yari yizeye ko ashoboye.

Umunsi umwe ariko, yamuhaye akazi gakomeye, umwana arahangayika cyane. Niyibizi agira ati “nibuka ambwira ngo njye mu karima k’indabyo mvanemo ibyatsi, kandi ntabona neza, kandi nari mfite mama wakundaga indabyo, nkavuga nti nindaandura na rumwe aranyica. Ubwoba buranyica, numva nicyo kintu kigoye mu buzima ankoreye. Gusa nagiye mu busitani, ntangira gufata ibyatsi nkumva sindimo kumenya kubitandukanya n’indabyo,…araza ansangamo arambwira ati byakunaniye nabibonye, amfata akaboko arambwira ati, indabyo ni izi, zifate uzumve, noneho ibyatsi ni ibi, ibyo tugiye gukuramo ni ibi. Nanjye nkumva ko bitandukanye.”

Nyina wenyine ni we washoboye kubona ubushobozi Niyibizi yifitemo

Avuga ko muri urwo rugendo nyina yabaye umuntu udasanzwe umuha icyizere no kumwumvisha ko ashoboye kandi akabyumvisha n’abandi bana bavukana, kuko iyo yamaraga gufatanya nawe umurimo runaka, yahitaga yitanguranwa, akababwira ko Consolatrice yabikoze akabishobora kandi bari bavuze ko bitakunda.

Yagize ati,” Muri iyo myaka nkimara kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona, mama yaranyicaje ambwira uko byagiye bigenda ku maso yanjye, ariko asoza agira ati ’nubwo bimeze bityo mwana wanjye numva nishimye kuba ngufite. None rero, ubuzima bwawe ni ishuri, nutiga ntabwo bizakunda, ugomba gukunda ishuri. Uziga kaminuza ugere no mu mahanga.”

Nyamara, iki gihe ngo nta kaminuza yabagaho yakira abafite ubumuga, ariko ibyo ari byo byose nyina yamubwiye ko atazashobora guhinga , ndetse ati “ ntuzadoda, ntuzaboha…ubuzima bwawe ni ishuri, umenye ko kwiga ari byo bizakubeshaho.”

Umubyeyi yaramubwiye ati “numva nejejwe no kuzakubona uri umuntu mukuru, uri umubyeyi ufite abana.”

Mu by’ukuri, n’ubwo na se n’abavandimwe be bamwitagaho, ngo byaturukaga ku mbaraga z’urukundo rwa nyina.

Muri iyo myaka ya nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, haje kuvuka ishyirahamwe ryitwa ‘Ubumwe Nyarwanda bw’Abatabona’ Rwanda Union of the Blind (RUB), maze irahaguruka ikora ubuvugizi muri Leta.

Aha ni bwo Leta yemeje gahunda y’uburezi budaheza, maze abanyeshuri bafite ubumuga bwo kutabona boherezwa mu bigo by’amashuri bisanzwe . Nyamara, mu bagiye kwiga muri ayo mashuri asanzwe, Niyibizi ntiyari arimo, kuko umuyobozi w’iryo shyirahamwe yakomeje gushakisha amashuri y’abafite ubumuga yo hanze yamufasha, maze ishuri riboneka mu Burengerazuba bwa Afrurika, mu gihugu cya Cameroun.

Niyibizi agira ati,”Jyewe n’abandi bana babiri b’abakobwa twagiye kwiga hanze kuko umuyobozi w’Ishyirahamwe ryacu yahoraga ashakisha impande zose, ashaka ikintu cyatuma tujya mu mashuri turi benshi. Twebwe yaje kudusabira ‘buruse’, amashuri yisumbuye twayatangiriye mu gihugu cya Cameroun kuri buruse ya Leta.”

Yongeraho kandi ati “[Aho muri Cameroun] Twizeyo imyaka ine ibanza ifatwa nk’icyiciro rusange,hanyuma tugaruka mu 2001, atari uko Leta yabinaniwe; mu myaka twarimo icyo gihe y’ubwangavu ,turi abana birera, bibana kandi bafite ubumuga, bisa n’aho byagoranye kubera ko uwo bari badushinze ngo adufashe yari atangiye kudufata nabi…tuje mu Rwanda gushaka ibyangombwa bituma tujya mu kindi cyiciro, twahise tujya muri Minisiteri y’Uburezi gusaba ko twakwigumira mu Rwanda barabyemera. Icyo gihe hari ishuri rimwe gusa ry’abatabona ry’ Gahini, natwe bahita batwoherezayo.”

Niyibizi avuga ko mu myigire ye aho i Gahini, hari hari ikibazo cy’uko abantu batabona bose, bategekwaga kwiga indimi gusa (Section Lettres), nta yandi mahitamo bari bemerewe. Ubwo Niyibizi na we ni aho yisanze nubwo inzozi ze kuva mu bwana kwari ukuzaba umuganga akajya avura abantu.

Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri yisumbuye, Niyibizi na bagenzi be bongeye kwicara igihe runaka, hakorwa ubuvugizi bitandukanye, hashakwa Kaminuza yabakira, haboneka KIE ariko nabwo bisaba ko bose bagomba kwiga uburezi, icyo gihe n’icyumba cy’ishuri bagombaga kwigiramo muri iyo Kaminuza, ngo cyari cyarateguwe hashyirwamo ibyangombwa bikenewe, ariko biza kurangira batagiyeyo.

Niyibizi ati,” Nshimishwa cyane uyu munsi n’uko atari ko byagenze, kuko mu bantu bari bababajwe n’icyo kintu nari ndimo kuko nari mfite indoto zo kuzaba muganga, ubumuga bumbera inzitizi, mu mashuri yisumbuye, no muri Kaminuza biba uko."

Aha, we na bagenzi be bageze muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, Ishami rya Huye muri 2008, barababwiye bati mugomba kubanza kwimenyereza kubana n’abantu.

Agira ati “Baravugaga ngo twimenyereze kubana n’abandi,, twige imihanda yaho, bakavuga ngo tuzamare umwaka w’imfabusa, twimenyereza. Byemezwa n’ubuyobozi bwa Kaminuza na MINEDUC yari yarabyemeye.Twarwanye nabyo turavuga tuti dusanzwe tubana n’abantu, ntitugiye kubana n’abantu bwa mbere,vdusanzwe tugenda,..uzi ko twagiye mu ishuri ku ngufu? Twaricaraga tukavuga tuti ibi bintu nitubyemera. Nituramuka tubyemeye, n’abandi bazadukurikira,bazajya babakorera ibi bintu bose”.

Niyibizi avuga ko muri uko kujya mu ishuri bisa no ku ngufu, we yahise ajya mu ishami yashakaga, n’abandi bagenzi be bajya mu byo bashakaga kwiga, ariko bakiga ubuyobozi bwa Kaminuza butabizi. Nyamara ibizamini byarazaga bakabikora bagatsinda.

Icyo gihe rero, nta bikoresho bari bafite kuko Minisiteri yumvaga ifite igihe gihagije cyo kubizana. Uwabaga afite agakoresho gafata amajwi (recorder) yatizaga bagenzi, undi umwe muri bo aza kubona za mashini zandika za cyera, bakajya bayitizanya mu gihe cy’ibizamini, kuko byakorwaga mu bihe bitandukanye.

Yagize ati,” Igihembwe cya mbere cyararangiye, babona amanota yasohotse turimo kandi twese twatsinze, kuko abarimu bo, ntibari barababwiye ibyacu. Batubonye mu mashuri twagombaga kujyamo batwakira nk’abandi. Ubwo rero ni uko ninjiye muri ‘Psychology’ kuko n’ubundi ntibari babyitayeho bisanze narageze mu mwanya njyewe nashakaga…”.

Niyibizi avuga ko mu mwaka wakurikiyeho ibikoresho bibafasha mu myigire byatangiye kuza gahoro gahoro, ubuzima buba ubusanzwe, kuko ikibazo cyari cyabanje kubaho ngo ni uko muri Kaminuza bari batekereje ko abo banyeshuri batabona bazakenera ubafasha byose, mu gihe we yatojwe kwifasha guhera ari muto cyane ari iwabo, kimwe na bagenzi be kuko i Gatagara ngo batozwaga gukora byose harimo guteka, gukora amasuku , n’ibindi byo mu buzima busanzwe bwa buri munsi.

Yagize ati,” akenshi burya ingorane abafite ubumuga duhura nazo, tuziterwa n’abantu badukikije.Kuko akenshi ikintu gitangaje ni uko dukora ibintu mu buryo bunoze kurusha abantu basanzwe kuko turabyitondera, kuko uba uvuga uti, nintabikora neza, baravuga ko ari uko ntareba, mu gihe ubona we uko yabikora kose, ntawubitindaho, mu by’ukuri ikosa nakora ntabona, n’iryo wakora ubona ntiyafatwa kimwe”.

Mu 2012, Niyibizi Consolatrice yarangije amasomo ye ya Kaminuza mu by’imitekerereze ya muntu, Psychologie Clinique, atangira urundi rugamba rutoroshye rwo gushaka akazi, kubera ko nta muntu wumvaga ko ashoboye, ko hari icyo yafasha muri sosiyete.

Abenshi ngo bavugaga ko akeneye gufashwa ari we kurusha uko yafasha, abandi bakavuga ko nta buzima bw’abantu yajya gutabara kandi nawe atabufite n’ibindi bica intege.

Yagize ati,” Ahenshi twajyaga gusaba akazi, baratubwiraga bari : ese ntibyaba byiza ko mwajya gukora muri bya bigo byanyu’?...byari nko kuvuga ngo nimwigumire mu kazitiro kanyu ahandi ntibikunda.”

Muri 2014, ni bwo yabonye akazi, icyo gihe ngo yabifashijwemo cyane n’abantu bashyira mu gaciro, bakamubonamo umuntu ushoboye.

Yagize ati,” Umudamu wakoraga muri MINISANTE, witwaga Dr Anitha Asiimwe, yari umunyamabanga wa Leta, ni we muntu wa kabiri wanyumvise nyuma ya Paul Jules Ndamage wari meya. Ni ubwa mbere inkuru imeze gutya nyivuze, mvuga amazina y’abantu, ngira ngo bimpaye amahirwe yo gushimira abantu bangiriye neza, ahubwo sinzi uko byaje…”.

Nyuma gato yahamagawe gukora ikizamini, ahatana n’abandi, aratsinda yoherezwa gukora mu kigo nderabuzima cya Gatenga, nk’ufasha abantu bafite ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe. Umwaka urangiye ubwo hari mu 2015, ako kazi karahagaze.

Mu 2016, yasubiye mu byo gushaka akazi, ashyira dosiye muri MINISANTE nanone, nyuma aza guhamagarwa bamubwira ko ajya gufata ibaruwa imwohereza ku Bitaro by’Akarere ka Bugesera, guhera mu 2017. Amaze imyaka 9 yakira abarwayi, cyangwa se abakiriya, baza bafite ibibazo bitandukanye by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe akabafasha bakamererwa neza kandi bikamunezeza.
Niyibizi ni na we muyobozi w’iryo shami muri ibyo bitaro.

Yagize ati,” Twakira abarwayi baturutse mu yandi maserivisi, cyangwa se n’abo duhawe n’abandi baganga. ”

Ku bijyanye n’ukuntu yakira abantu akabaganiriza bafite ibibazo bikora ku marangamutima kandi atabareba, yavuze ko kumenya uko amarangamutima y’umuntu arimo ahinduka, bidasaba kubirebesha amaso.

Yagize ati,” Ntabwo kumenya uko umuntu agenda ahinduka, bisaba ko umuntu abireba n’amaso. Hari ibishobora guhinduka nkabyumva, nkurikije uko mukurikiye, kuko iyo umurwayi anganiriza ambwira, mutega amatwi ku buryo bwihariye, mbese ku buryo navuga burenze uko undi yabikora, kuko njyewe mba muteze amatwi, arize cyangwa akagira indi myitwarire ntabwo nabiyoberwa.

Hari ubwo abantu bibwira ko icyo utarimo kureba, kidashoboka…mu kumva tugira, hari ibintu nahamya ko twe twumva, abandi badashobora kumva n’amatwi yabo. Kubera ko ubushobozi bwo kumva buba bukora cyane kurusha ubwawe, kuko njyewe amatwi niyo nshingiyeho, nta kindi mba niringiye. Dushobora kuba twicaranye hano, ibyo ndimo kumva wowe ukaba utabyumva. Kubera ko wowe utekereza ko ikintu cyose kiri buze gushoboka kuko wakirebye. Njyewe rero kubera ko icyo ntacyo ntegereje, nta nubwo nzi ko ndibugikoreshe, nita ku kumva cyane, ibyo wowe utekereza ko wakarebesheje amaso, jyewe mbyumvisha amatwi yanjye”.

“ Bitavuze ko ari ijana ku ijana, hariho gacye nshobora gukenera kwifashisha undi muntu, ariko ni gacye cyane. Icyo mba nkeneye, mu bimenyetso tujya tugira bigaragaza ko umuntu afite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe, harimo no kumenya uko yambaye. Yambaye imyenda isa nabi, ntiyasokoje, ntiyakarabye, yambaye inkweto zidasa, ibyo ntabwo mu bushobozi bwanjye mbasha kubimenya…iyo tuganiriye n’umurwayi nkumva nkeneye no kumenya uko agaragara nibwo nsaba mugenzi wanjye akamfasha,kandi umurwayi ntabimenya. Ariko ni gacye cyane ibyo bibaho, n’umwaka washira ntakeneye kumenya icyo kintu. Nakira abarwayi banjye nkabafasha, bijyanye n’ikibazo baje bafite”.

Ku kibazo cy’abantu bagira ikibazo cy’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bikajyana n’amahane arimo kurwana, gutukana, gutera amabuye, kwambara ubusa n’ibindi, abo ngo bakirwa n’abaganga bo mu ishami rya (psychiatrie ), bakabavura bakoresheje inshinge, ibinini, bakuhagirwa, bakagenzurwa ibyo bakora n’ibindi, hanyuma bazamara gutuza, bakobona koherezwa mu ishami Niyibizi akoreramo ryo kubaganiriza, bashobora kumusubiza, bakavugana bumvikana. Icyakora ngo bijya bibaho rimwe na rimwe bakamwoherereza umurwayi wagombye kujya muri ‘psychiatrie’ bamwibeshyeho, kuko uburwayi bwo mu mutwe bugira ibimenyetso byihishira.

Mu kwezi Niyibizi yakira abantu bafite ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bari hagati ya 60-80, kuko ku munsi yakira abantu nibura 4, harimo abaza kenshi, abaza rimwe bakumva bamerewe neza n’abandi.

Ariko se uko yakira abantu bafite ibibazo byinshi kandi bihungabanya amarangamutima, iyo yumvise ko yananiwe cyangwa se yaremerewe afashwa nande?

Kuri ibi rero agira ati, “Mu bihugu biteye imbere, abakora akazi nk’ako dukora, Leta ibagenera ikiruhuko cyo kuva aho bari, bakajya ahantu runaka nabo bakabona ababafasha, ariko bakanaruhuka mu buryo bwo kwidagadura kugira ngo baruhure mu bwonko, bagaruke bafite imbaraga zo kongera kwakira ibindi.”

Icyakora ngo mu Rwanda ntibarabigeraho, ahubwo agira ati “Gacye cyane ubushobozi bugihari RBC yatugeneraga amahugurwa twitaga ‘case-sharing’ yabaga ari iminsi itanu tukajya ahantu tukaba turi kumwe n’abadukuriye mu mwuga, b’inararibonye kuturusha cyangwa se bafite n’amashuri menshi kuturusha,tukagerageza gusangizanya ibyaturemereye kurusha ibindi.”

“Ibyo tutabonye uko dukemura, ibyadukoze ku mutima bikatwangiza, bakadufasha muri ubwo buryo, muri iyo minsi, hari umugoroba umwe batwemereye wo kujya kwidagadura, kubyina, gusangira bitari ukuvuga ngo tugiye kwicara twige. Ubundi bushoboka ni ukwirwanaho hagati yacu nk’abanyamwuga, wahura n’umukiriya ufite ikibazo kikugoye, ukaba washaka umunyamwuga mugenzi wawe mukayikoranaho, mukaba mwakumva umukiriya muri kumwe, akagufasha bikakorehereza kutavunika cyane …ubundi buryo ni ukugira umwiherero, muri itsinda cyangwa se ari umuntu ku giti cye, mukagenda mukavuga ibyanyu, mukoroherwa..”.

Niyibizi avuga ko we ku giti cye yigeze kwishakira umunyamwuga umufasha ngo amubwire ibyamugoye cyane, kugira ngo amuruhukireho, ariko ibyo nabyo biba bigoye ku buryo mu myaka yose amaze mu kazi, yamushatse inshuro ebyiri gusa, mu gihe ari kenshi atahana amarangamutima aremereye kubera abakiriya yakiriye bikamunanira kubakemurira ikibazo.

Yagize ati,” Amarangamutima araremera, hari nk’igihe bishyika, ukakira nk’umuntu,ibintu bye bikagukoraho,kwa kundi tuvuga ngo ni akazi, saa kumi n’imwe…ndabisize ndatashye mpinduye ahantu, hari igihe uhura na ‘case’ utahana, ukumva ntiwayisize,ukajyana nayo mu rugo, ukaryamana nayo, nijoro wakwicura,ugatangira gutekereza icyo wari kuba wakoze…Hari uza akakubwira ikibazo arimo kunyuramo, ariko ugasanga kumufasha mu by’imitekerereze gusa ntibihagije, akeneye n’ubufasha bwo mu buryo bufatika, kandi utabifitiye ubushobozi. Aho niho uvuga uti nkeneye ubufasha, ukiyambaza izindi nzego. Tujya twisanga akazi kacu katarangirira mu bitaro, urimo uhamagara umuyobozi w’Umurenge,…”.

Niyibizi avuga ko nta kintu kimunezeza nko kubona ukuntu afasha abantu bagakira, bakagira ubuzima bwiza, mu gihe ubundi hari abamubonaga nk’ukeneye gufashwa nawe.
Yagize ati,” Birandyohera, ni cyo kintu cya mbere nkunda mu buzima,kwisanga mbonye umuntu nigeze gufasha, duhuriye nko mu nzira,cyangwa se aje kundeba. Bijya bishyika ko nyura nk’ahantu nkumva umuntu arampobeye, akambwira ati muganga wanjye burya narakize ndi kanaka. Bituma niyumva nk’umunyambaraga bitandukanye n’uko abandi bambona.”
Ubwo twasuraga Niyibizi, yari yakiriye umwana w’umukobwa w’imyaka 18 wari waje kumushimira kuko yamufashije akagarura amarangamutima ku murongo, ubwo bamumuzaniraga ashaka kwiyahura kubera gufatwa ku ngufu.

Ku bijyanye no kuba hari umurwayi ushobora kwisanga imbere ya Muganga Niyibizi, ariko agahita asaba gushakirwa undi umufasha kubera ko yumva atizeye ko yamufasha ngo akire neza kandi amuvura atamureba, yavuze ko bitaramubaho na rimwe, ko ahubwo uwahuye nawe, n’iyo agarutse aza ari we ashaka gusa.
Yagize ati,” Hari abageraho bakabimenya ko mfite ikibazo, ariko abenshi bwa mbere mbakira batanabizi,ariko nta na rimwe umuntu aranga ko mufasha, ntibirambaho, ahubwo uba usanga bavuga bati ndashaka wa wundi. “

Muri uru rugendo, hatangiwe ubuhamya bw’abarokotse n’ababuze ababo, aho uwitwa Nsengiyumva Jean Paul yavuze ko yakize nyuma yo kumara iminsi itatu mu bitaro yitabwaho n’abaganga mu gihe abo bari basangiye inzoga zitujuje ubuziranenge bo bapfuye, we agasigara.

Yagize ati,” Iyo nzoga nari ntarayisomaho na rimwe. Kugira ngo nyisome, nari mvuye guhinga nka saa tanu, nzamuka nyura ku kabari k’uwitwa Damascene wayicuruzaga. Ubu nawe yarapfuye azize izo nzoga. Umugabo wari uri muri ako kabari ayinywa yarampamagaye ati ngwino ngusomye kuri iyi nzoga. Nabanje kwibwira ko ari urwagwa rw’ibitoki, ariko nyuma mbona arimo aranywera mu gapipiri inzoga isa n’amazi neza neza, ngo yitwa kanyanga”.

Nsengiyumva Jean Paul

“Uwo mugabo yarambwiye ati soma, nyoyeho numva sinzi uko iteye, gusa sinahise mererwa nabi. Nyuma nahise ntaha njya iwanjye sinongera kuhava kugeze bwije.Umunsi ukurikiyeho narabyutse mfata isuka ngo njye guhinga, ariko numva amatwi yazibye, amaso sinkanura, nkabona arimo ibintu by’ibikezikezi, nka bya bihu bibyuka mu museso…kumenya ko ari ya nzoga ni umuhungu wanjye wavuye ku isoko, aza ambaza, ati izo nzoga ndimo numva zica abantu hirya no hino ubwo nawe ntiwasomyeho? Ubwo nagiye kwa muganga mara iminsi itatu bamvura ndakira, ariko uwo twari kmwe we yarapfuye."

Mukankusi Immaculee, wo mu Kagari ka Murama mu Murenge wa Ngeruka, we avuga ko izo nzoga zifatwa nk’ibiyobyabwenge zamwiciye umugabo, mu gihe yari yamushatse ari bwo afunguwe, kuko hari n’ikindi gihe yari yarafunzwe kubera izo nzoga.

Yagize ati,” ubundi ku wa kabiri nibwo twumvise inkuru ko umwarimu duturanye yapfuye kandi bavuga ko yanyoye inzoga aho bita Kindama. Ku wa gatatu nabwo hafashwe undi apfa ku wa kane. icyo gihe ni bwo batangiye kuvuga ko ari inzoga ikozwe mu kinyabutabira ntibuka, barakivuze ariko kuko nari nagize ibyago sinkibuka. Ku wa kane baje kureba uwo mugabo wanjye ngo bamujyane kwa muganga baramubura.Nyuma atashye nijoro namubwiye ko bamubuze ngo bamujyane kwa muganga, arambwira ati jyewe nta kibazo mfite ntaho ndibwa. Ku wa gatanu mu gitondo mbyutse, nagiye hanze, ngarutse nsanga umuntu arapfuye.”

Uwapfakajwe n’inzoga

Yongeyeho ati “Ubwo nahise ntabaza, abari bavuye kuzana umurambo wa wa mwarimu mu buruhukiro bahita baza basanga yapfuye. Yari yayinyoyeho mubajije ambwira ko uwo mwarimu yayimukuriye Kindama kuko we atari akizicuruza. Ubutumwa natanga kuri buri muntu wese ugerageza kunywa cyangwa gukora ibiyobyabwenge,ni uko ari bibi, kuko ndiheraho. Dore bingize umupfakazi, yampahiraga none ngiye kujya nibaza byose, nabonye ko ari bibi…ugerageza kubikora wese nzajya mutangira amakuru ku gihe”.

Guverineri w’Intara y’u Burasirazuba Prudence Rubingisa yavuze ko muri rusange abantu 21 bamaze kwicwa n’izo nzoga zitujuje ubuziranenga muri iyo Ntara, harimo n’abo bishwe nazo mu Murenge wa Ngeruka mu mpera za Mutarama 2026.

Ubushinjacyaha ku Rwego Rwisumbuye rwa Gasabo, bwatangaje ko tariki 2 Gashyantare 2026, ari bwo hafashwe abantu 4 bakekwaho gukora na gucuruza ikiyobyabwenge cyo mu bwoko bwa Kanyanga, aho mu baturage banyweye iyo kanyanga, abagera kuri 17 bari bamaze gupfa, abandi 25 bajya kwitabwaho mu Bitaro bya ADEPR-Nyamata.

Ubushinjacyaha bwanasobanuye ko ibyo abo bantu banyoye byapimwe, bikagaragara ko hari harimo ikinyabutabire kitwa’methanol’.

Minisitiri w’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu Habimana Dominique, yasabye abaturage kwirinda ibiyobyabwenge kuko bibicira ubuzima kandi bikabadindiza ntibashobore kugera ku iterambere.

Yagize ati,” Nagira ngo mbere yo kugira ibindi mvuga, mbanze nihanganishe, abaturage, imiryango, mwe mwese mwabuze abanyu kubera ziriya nzoga z’inkorano zitujuje ubuziranenge. Mukomere. Ntabwo dukwiye kuba tubura abaturage, ari hano n’ahandi byabaye, kubera inzoga, ibinyobwa bitujuje ubuziranenge”.

Minisitiri Habimana yavuze ko ikiganiro bakwiye kuba bagirana ari ukureba uburyo bakwiye gukoresha amahirwe bafite bakongera umusaruro w’ibyo bakora cyane cyane iby’ubuhinzi kuko bafite ubutaka bwiza, abahinga bakeza byinshi bagasagurira n’amasoko, aborora bakabikora neza bakongera umukamo.

Yagize ati,” Kimwe mu biturangaza ni bya binyobwa bitujuje ubuziranenge. Ni za nzoga z’inkorano tutazi uko zakozwe, usomaho rimwe zigatangira kukubata, ukumva urashaka kongera gusoma, bikazarangira ubaye imbata yayo, bigatuma utabasha no gukora bya bikorwa byiza by’iterambere washakaga kwikorera."

Yavuze ko ziriya nzoga, ndetse n’ibiyobyabwenge muri rusange Leta yabihagurukiye,
"kubera inshingano zo kurinda abaturage."

Nyamara, hari abakora akazi ko kwita kuri iyo mibiri mu buruhukiro mbere y’uko ijyanwa gushyingurwa.

Gasana Jean Marie Vianney, umugabo w’imyaka 63 ni umwe muri bo. Ni umugabo utuje, uvuga yoroheje kandi yitonze, akaba akomoka mu Karere ka Rulindo ariko umuryango we ukaba warimukiye mu Bugesera mu 1993.

Muri uwo mwaka we yahise ajya ku rugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda, agarutse asanga abari bagize umuryango we hafi ya bose, barishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Yakomeje kuba umusirikare, ajya mu ntambara zitandukanye zo guhangana n’abashakaga gusenya igihugu nyuma ya Jenoside. Aha, yibuka cyane cyane ibitero by’abacengezi.

Yavuye mu gisirikare mu 1999, agaruka mu Bugesera, atangira gukora mu bwubatsi bw’ibitaro by’Akarere ka Bugesera (ADEPR-Nyamata) mu 2000, maze bimaze kuzura nyuma y’imyaka ibiri, ahabwamo akazi nk’umukozi uhoraho ushinzwe isuku, kugera mu 2023.

Aha niho bamushinze kwita ku bikorwa bibera mu cyumba kiruhukiramo imibiri y’abantu bitabye Imana. Muri aka kazi, harimo n’inshingano zo kugenzura ibyangombwa byose bisabwa mbere y’uko umubiri cyangwa se umurambo wakirwa ku buruhukiro, haba hari ibibura, agafasha mu kugira ngo byuzuzwe.

Yagize ati, “ Akazi nkora, nakira imibiri y’abantu bitabye Imana iturutse hanze, cyangwa se muri serivisi z’ibitaro. Niba hari uwakoze impanuka ku muhanda akitaba Imana cyangwa se aguye muri serivisi runaka kwa muganga, baramuzana bamugeza hano, abaganga bagakora ibyabo, bakamutunganya, bagatanga icyemezo cyemeza ko koko umuntu yapfuye, hanyuma bakamuzamura bakamuzana ku buruhukiro. Aho ni ho dugatangira gahunda yo kumwakira. Harimo kumwandika mu gitabo,umwirondoro we, amazina ye n’ay’ababyeyi be, imyaka ye,igitsina niba ari umugabo cyangwa umugore, itariki aziyeho, aho aje aturuka niba yaguye mu bitaro cyangwa se aje aturuka hanze…, hanyuma hakandikwa umuzanye niba ahari”.

“Ku buruhukiro tureba ko muganga yasinye ku cyemezo cy’uko umuntu yapfuye, kuko ntibishoboka ko nakwakira umuntu ngo nemeze ko yapfuye ntabirebye kuri icyo cyemezo gitangwa na muganga. Burya no ku irimbi ntibashobora kwemera kwakira umuntu ngo ashyingurwe batabanje kubona icyemezo cya muganga ko yapfuye koko, ndetse n’icyemezo cy’uko yamaze kwandukurwa mu irangamimere”.

Gasana avuga ko iyo umubiri w’uwapfuye ugejejwe kwa muganga, aho waba uturutse hose, hari ibyo ubanza gukorerwa na muganga, harimo no kuwutunganya, kuwambika, kureba uko umeze niba utaratangira kwangirika n’ibindi, kubera ko uwatangiye kwangirika (kubora) ngo ntiwakirwa mu buruhukiro, kuko ntacyo uburuhukiro bwaba bukiwumariye, ahubwo hakorwa ibindi bya ngombwa biba bikenewe ukajya gushyingurwa byihuse.

Yagize ati,” Iyo umurambo uje, uzanwa ku gatanda kabugenewe, ubwo turawakira, tukareba ko wakorewe ibya ngombwa byose, harimo gupfuka ku mazuru no mu munwa hakoreshejwe ipamba na ‘siparadara’. Tuba twanga ko hari ibintu by’amatembabuzi byazasohoka mu nda bikanyura muri iyo myanya. Bamuzana rero bamutunganyije neza, banamwambitse neza twe tugakora ibindi bikurikiraho”.

“Icyo dukora iyo tumaze kubona ko byose byuzuye, turamwakira tukamushyira ku kandi gatanda kaba mu cyumba cy’uburuhukiro, tukamworosora tukareba uko ameze, niba yakorewe byose agomba gukorerwa kandi neza, hanyuma tugafungura ‘firigo’ tukamushyiramo, tukamushyiraho izina rye ryanditse kuri ‘siparadara’, tukagenzura ko rihura n’iryanditse ku cyemezo cy’uwapfuye, tukarishyira no ku rugi rw’umwanya ashyizwemo muri iyo firigo, kugira ngo hatazabaho kwibeshya cyangwa se kwitiranya imibiri”.

Iyo hari abantu bo mu muryango b’uwapfuye baje bazanye umurambo nabo ngo baba bashobora kwinjiramo bakareba aho ashyizwe nta kibazo, kandi n’igihe cyo kumukuramo bagiye gushyingura, ngo binjiramo bakamutegura uko babishaka, bakamwambura imyenda yari yambaye kuko iba itose kubera ubukonje bwo muri firigo, bakamuhanagura, bakamusiga amavuta, bakamwambika indi myenda bazanye, bakamutera imibavu (parfum) n’ibindi kuko bahabwa umwanya ukwiye wo kumukorera byose bifuza kumukorera mbere yo kumushyira mu isanduku, ajyanywe ku irimbi.

Hari ubwo nakira umubiri nkaza kumenya ko ari uw’abantu banjye

Gasana avuga ko muri iyo myaka amaze muri iyo serivisi yo kwakira no kubika neza imibiri y’abantu bapfuye, hari byinshi amaze kubona, harimo kwakira imirambo y’abantu atazi, nyuma agasanga imiryango yabo ni inshuti cyangwa se ni abavandimwe ba hafi, ndetse agasaba n’uruhushya akajya gushyingura.

Hari kandi kwisanga agomba guhumuriza no gufasha abapfushije ababo ariko bikabananira kubyakira, kuko ngo usanga harimo n’abanga kuva ku buruhukiro, bakamusaba ko afungura ahashyizwe uwabo, bibwira ko wenda yaba agihumeka, … ariko muri ibyo byose ngo ashima Imana ko atajya agera mu rugo afite agahinda arira cyangwa se ibindi bitekerezo byatuma ananirwa gusinzira cyangwa se guhora arota abantu bapfuye yirirwa yakira.

Yagize ati, “ Ubusanzwe, ikintu kijya kundiza kiba ari cyo, sindabibona, ariko nk’umuntu hari urupfu ureba ukumva rugukozeho nubwo waba utanamuzi. Wenda yari umusore, umwana muto ubona w’umujyambere, akaba agushijwe na moto hariya arapfuye,bamuteye icyuma arapfa, cyangwa se imodoka yamugonze imwica nabi, nanjye nk’umuntu urwo rupfu ruranshisha nkumva nzamuye amarangamutima, nkahita ndeba ukuntu imbere he hari kuzaba hameze,..gusa sintaha ngo nkomeze kubatekerezaho. Ntabwo nzi niba ari Imana yabinkoreye, simbizi ariko iyo mvuye hano bihita birangira, nta kintu nibuka, ndaryama mu buryo busanzwe,ndagenda nkoga, ngafata ifunguro, ngasenga nkaryama. Sindarota umuntu n’umwe wapfuye muri abo nakira”.

Gasana avuga ko umuryango we utigeze ugira impungenge zo kuba akora muri serivisi zo kwakira imibiri y’abitabye Imana. N’umugore we acyumva ko yahawe aka kazi, ngo yabifashe nk’ibisanzwe kandi ntiyigeze amubaza byinshi ku bijyanye n’izo nshingano yahawe.

Ku bintu bijya bivugwa ko hari amajwi aba avugira aharuhukira imirambo, cyangwa se imyuka idasanzwe ihaba, Gasana avuga ko atari ukuri.

Yagize ati, “ Ngira ngo biterwa n’umuntu uko ateye, buriya hari umuntu udashobora kureba uwapfuye, avuga ko yarara amurota, kandi koko aramurota. Njyewe kuba ayo majwi ntayumva, cyangwa ntanamurota, ni ukubera ko ari ko wenda nteye, cyangwa se ari imyizerere yanjye nkabishyira hariya nkumva bitabaho, ariko kuva igihe nahereye nkora, ntabwo ndumva amajwi avugira hariya mu nzu y’uburuhukiro. Iyo ninjiramo nta bwoba cyangwa se ikindi kintu kidasanzwe ntekereza, mfungura urugi nk’uko mfungura urugi rwo ku irembo cyangwa se izindi zisanzwe, nkareba ko ibintu bimeze neza…”.

“ Niba ari ukubura ubuzima, niba nta buzima tugira, simbizi ariko sinjya ntekereza cyane ku muntu wapfuye , mbona ari ibintu bisanzwe, kuko nabonye abantu bishwe n’imodoka, mbona abarashwe n’imbunda zisanzwe n’abarashwe n’indege,mbona abahiriye mu modoka, mbona abahiriye mu mazu, … urumva ibyo bintu ni ibintu bisanzwe, ni uko mbifata, ni uko mbyakira, ndamureba nk’umuntu wapfuye, nyine mba mbizi ko yapfuye dutegereje gushyingura, nta kundi”.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Gasana avuga ko kugeza ubu hari imibiri y’abantu batatu yakiriye bimukora ku mutima cyane ku buryo atazabibagirwa, muri abo ngo harimo umwana w’umusore wari ufite nk’imyaka 23, wo mu Murenge wa Ruhuha-Bugesera, wagonzwe n’ikamyo atwaye imodoka, umubiri we urangirika cyane. Undi ni umusore nawe ngo wari mu kigero cy’imyaka 21 wagwiriwe n’ikirombe cy’amabuye mu Murenge wa Ntarama-Bugesera, ndetse n’undi wo mu Murenge wa Gashora wagonzwe n’ikamyo ya Howo.

Uko umurambo waba wangiritse kose mu mpanuka cyangwa se n’indi mpamvu yateye urupfu, ngo uba ugomba kugezwa kwa muganga, kugira ngo muganga atange icyemezo ko yapfuye koko , hanyuma akabona gushyingurwa.

Yagize ati, “ Ubundi abantu bose mbakira kimwe, ariko harimo abantu batatu nibuka, uwo wa mbere wo mu Murenge wa Ruhuha wagongewe ku Gahembe, undi ni umusore wo ku Kibungo i Ntarama wagwiriwe n’ikirombe. Sinari muzi, ariko narebye umurambo, mbona uko ikirombe cyamugize numva birandenze. Undi ni umwana w’umusore wo muri Gashora wagonzwe n’ikamyo ya Howo. Kubona umubiri w’umuntu bazanye wangiritse cyane binkoraho, kuko urumva niba bigeze ku rwego rwo kujya gushyingura umuntu bataribumusezere, bagasezera ifoto, biba bibabaje, nubwo ntagiye gushyingura ariko uko byari byagenze ku mirambo y’abo bose, ntabwo bari kuyisezera ngo bikunde”.

Muri aka kazi, Gasana yagiye abona amahugurwa atandukanye, haba mu bitaro bya Nyamata, n’ingendoshuri yakoreye ku bitaro bitandukanye harimo nka CHUK (Kigali) , Ibitaro bya Kanombe ndetse na CHUB-Huye.

Aha hose, yemeza ko yahavanye ubumenyi butuma anoza neza akazi akora. Kutagira ubwoba bwo kureba uwapfuye byo bishobora kuba byaraturutse ku byo yabonye byinshi mu gihe cy’urugamba.

Gasana avuga ko nubwo abantu benshi batinya mu buruhukiro bw’imibiri y’abantu bapfuye, ariko mu by’ukuri ari icyumba gisanzwe, kirimo firigo isanzwe icyakora nini igenewe kwakira imibiri y’abantu, ikagira imyanya myinshi (tiroirs) bitewe n’uko ingana, ikagira imibare yerekena niba ubukonje buhari buhagije, hakabamo n’agatanda kagenewe gutunganyirizwaho imirambo.

Naho ubundi ngo bitanditseho ntawamenya niba hari uburuhukiro, kuko haba hakorwa isuku nyinshi hifashishijwe imiti yabugenewe ku buryo nta mpumuro idasanzwe iba ihari. Gusa ngo abinjiramo bose, yaba abahakora n’abaza kurebamo ababo, basabwa kwambara udupfukamunwa n’udupfakantoki, mu rwego rwo kwirinda.

Ku bahakora bo ngo bagira n’imyambaro yabugenewe bambara nk’uburyo bw’ubwirinzi.

Yolande Mukagasana

Yagize ati, “ Nimubanze muvuge Ikinyarwanda rubyiruko. Ikinyarwanda kirabihishe.Kandi utazi ururimi aba atazi umuco, kuko biragendana, utazi ururimi ntamenye umuco se,ubwo azi kirazira y’umuco we?Urumva ko murimo muragenda mutakara, nimutisama mwasandaye mbe ari ko mvuga. Ni yo mpamu nanditse no mu Kinyarwanda, ndagira ngo mumenye Ikinyarwanda nyacyo. Mwe gutinyuka kuvuga ngo twatwitse turimanukira, mutazi ukuntu hashyaga muri za 1959, iyo mvugo irakomeretsa. Nta kikubwira ko uwahimbye iyo mvugo atari afite gahunda yo gukomeretsa abantu bagiye babona amazu y’iwabo ashya babatwikira”.

“Ni ikintu kinakomeye, urubyiruko rw’u Rwanda, rucike kuri iryo jambo ko hahiye, ko umuntu yatwitse, ibintu nk’ibyo. Si Ikinyarwanda, ni Ikinyarwanda cy’ubugome, cy’abagome mukikuremo. Muvuge Ikinyarwanda kibe ururimi nyarwo”.

Yolande Mukagasana yasobanuye ko mu bimunezeza cyane muri iki gihe, harimo kubona abana asigaye afasha nyuma yo kubakura mu muhanda n’ahandi hatandukanye, bagenda bahinduka, bakaba batangaje icyizere cy’ahazaza, akanezezwa kandi n’urukundo bamwereka.

Abajijwe ikimushimisha muri iki gihe, nyuma y’uko abana bose bishwe muri Jenoside na we ikamwica ariko akanga gupfa kuko urupfu rwamwanze nk’uko abivuga, yemeje ko ubu ashimishwa n’abana arera.

Yagize ati, “ …Baranshimisha cyane nyine. Mbabonamo abanjye .Mpita mbabonamo abanjye. Yewe, yaba ari umwana nakuye kwa kanaka bavuga ngo yari umutwa, yari umuhutu, yari umututsi, bose mbona ari abanjye. Uwakwereka iyo barwanira ukuboko kwanjye tuvuye nk’ahantu, buri mwana ashaka ko we mfata akaboko. Biba bishimishije. Noneho ababyeyi babo bagerageje no kubanyangisha, ariko abo bagerageje kunyangisha ni bo bankunda cyane kurusha abandi bana…baranshimisha mbona ari nk’abana banjye ngira inama”.

Yakomeje agira ati, “ Ndongera ngashimishwa no kubona umwana wari kuri ‘kore’, yari ku rumogi, akabivaho.Imfura yanjye muri abo bana ndera nahoze mvuga, yari umujura ruharwa,yakoze bibi pe, ariko uyu munsi iyo mbona ari we murezi mwiza mfite urera abandi bana, ubabwira ibibi by’ibiyobyabwenge,ababwira ati, nimurebe nta mwana ngira, nta mugore ngira, natakaje ubuzima burebure..., urumva rero ko ibyo byose ari ibintu bingarurira icyizere, nkavuga nti ba bana tubitayeho twese bakira”.

Yolande Mukagasana yanditse igitabo akigenera urubyiruko

Avuga ku kibazo cy’abantu bibwira ko iterambere ririho ryaba rigira uruhare mu kwangiza urubyiruko, yashimangiye ko iterambere atari ryo ryica urubyiruko ahubwo ruzira kudatekereza bijyanye n’iterambere rihari.

Yagize ati “Ku bijyanye n’urubyiruko n’iterambere, ntabwo iterambere ari ryo ryica urubyiruko, rwicwa no kudatekereza mu gihe cy’iterambere. Noneho kubera ko isi irimo kwihuta, rukabyina muzunga kubera ko isi irimo irazungazunga, yazungazunga, nawe ugakurikira uko igenda…ni na cyo kintu twagombye kwigisha abana mu ngo zacu no mu mashuri, kubigisha gutekereza, ndetse gutekereza cyane kuko isi turimo yihuta. Iyo rero ujyana n’abihuta, ugomba kwiga gutekereza vuba. Isi ihindagurika isaba gutekereza vuba, kuko ugumye mu mitekerereze ya ba Sogokuru haba mu buryo bwo kubyara, haba mu buryo bwo kubaka, njya numva abantu bavuga ngo ba mama,…nkababwira nti wowe ntabwo warongoye mama wawe, umugore warongoye si uwo mu gisekuru cya mama wawe, ni uwo muri iki ngiki…turi mu isi yihuta, ihutane na yo”.

Agaruka ku kibazo cy’ingo zisigaye zubakwa ariko zigasenyuka vuba, bikagira ingaruka ku muryango ndetse no ku gihugu muri rusange, ahereye ku ijambo Perezida Paul Kagame aherutse kuvuga ko atumva ukuntu abantu babiri bananirwa kubana, Pasiteri Rutayisire yemeje ko izo ngo zisenywa ahanini no kuba abajya kuzubaka bataba barateguwe. Ibyo yabigereranyije no kuba hagomba gukomwa urusyo n’ingasire, ariko n’ibiganza bisya (ababyeyi) bakarebwaho.

Yagize ati, “ …Ndakoma urusyo, nkome ingasire, nkome n’ibiganza bisesha ingasire, none se hari igihe umuntu akubwira ngo koma urusyo ukome n’ingasire, ukibagirwa ko hari n’ibiganza bisesha ya ngasire, bishobora gusya nabi, bakabyitirira ingasire, bakabyitirira n’urusyo kandi bibaho. Reka turebe impande zose ubwo nic yo nashakaga kuvuga. Imiryango irimo irasenyuka ibyo ni ukuri. Reka turebe impamvu kandi uragenda wumvamo ba nyirabayazana. Impamvu ya mbere nakwita nyamukuru ituma ingo zisenyuka, yitwa ubujiji cyangwa se ubutamenya, kujya kubaka urugo ntawakwigishije uko bubaka urugo…hari ibintu musigaye mukora ngo bya ‘bridal shower’ biriya ni ibintu bya ‘maonesho’ by’aho gusa, ni imiteguro gusa. Umugoroba umwe uzigisha umuntu ukuntu azubaka urugo ruhindagurika buri munsi?”

Ku basore n’inkumi bashaka kubaka ingo, Pasiteri Rutayisire abagira inama yo kuzajya babanza bagatega amatwi ibintu bitatu, harimo Imana, kumenya niba umukobwa cyangwa umuhungu ukunda Imana yamugushimira, kumva ibyo abantu bamuzi neza bamuvugaho kuko bamuzi ndetse n’umutimanama. Iyo ibyo byose byemerenyijwe, nyuma y’aho ngo urugo ruba rwiza.

Yagize ati “Uzabanze ubaze Imana, kuko yo irakuzi ikamenya n’uriya muntu, ikamenya n’icyo azaba cyo, uyisenge uyibaze niba yemeranya nawe. Hari ubwo abantu bambwira ngo ese nabwirwa n’iki ko Imana yemeranya nanjye? Biroroshye cyane: yibwire uti umva rero Mana niba ubona uyu muntu azanyereka amabara yose y’umukororombya, mureke ayanyereke tukiri ’aba-fiances’. Azayakwereka tu, niba ari Imana wasenze ubikuye ku mutima..”

“ Ubajije Imana, nta bara ry’umukororombya irakwereka, ubajije abantu bakavuga bati waguye ku izahabu ahubwo ntigucike, nawe ugatega amatwi umutima wawe kuko hari ibyo ubona, iyo ibyo bitatu bigiye ku murongo aho rwose wahita ushaka (ushyira mu mago mu mvugo y’urubyiruko)”.

Ikindi avuga kikigoye ni ikijyana n’uburere, kuko yemeza ko umunsi ababyeyi bazatangira kurera abana babo nk’ababategurira kuzaba abagabo cyangwa abagore, bakabitangira ari bato, hari byinshi bizakemura muri ibyo bibazo ingo zifite muri iki gihe.

Yagize ati “Ibyo bibazo mbishyira ku nzego eshatu, urwego rwa mbere ni urwego rw’ababyeyi, umunsi ababyeyi baziga gukora uburezi bufite icyerekezo, umwana wawe niba avutse ari umuhungu, ugatangira kumurera nk’uzaba umugabo, ugatangira kumwigisha cyangwa kumutoza kuba umugabo, ugatangira no kumuteganyiriza nk’uzaba umugabo…, abana turabafata tukabashyira mu biganza bya Mwalimu, ariko Mwalimu twahaye abana bacu ngo abarere, ntabwo ajya atekereza ko arimo gutegura abagabo n’abagore b’ahazaza, uzarebe muri curriculum ( integanyanyigisho) iyo nyigisho ntayirimo. Ubwo mfatiye kuri Minisiteri y’Uburezi kumanuka kugeza mu ishuri aho abana bicaye…, twihutishe ibyo mu matorero kuko abana benshi bacayo. Nitwihutishe ibyo mu mashuri kuko bose bacayo, amashuri yigisha abantu kuzavamo abagabo n’abagore bazima, insengero zikongeraho, ubwo n’ababyeyi tugatangira kubatera umwete, twazabona byatunganye”.

Reba ibindi muri izi Videwo:

Umwe mu batanze ikibazo yagize ati “Ni gute inzego z’amadini n’amatorero zikwiye kwitwara ku bijyanye n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amabwiriza ya Leta ajyanye n’umutekano n’imikorere kandi ni uruhe ruhare amatorero akwiye kugira muri icyo gikorwa? Ni iki cyakorwa kugira ngo insengero zizafungurwe zuzuze ibisabwa n’amabwiriza ariko nanone zikomeze kurinda no kuzuza inshingano yazo nyamukuru yo kwamamaza ubutumwa no gukomeza ukwemera mu Rwanda”.

Asubiza icyo kibazo, Pasiteri Rutayisire yagize ati, “ ibyo abaza ndabyumva, insengero zizafungurwa, zimwe zimaze no gufungurwa, izagiye zuzuza ibyangombwa, bakajya ku Irembo bigacamo,harimo izafunguwe, ariko njyewe si ho mfite ikibazo, ubundi bwo nizimara gufungurwa zahinduye imikorere ku buryo zizana impinduka?icyo ni cyo kibazo tugomba kwibaza, kuko ubundi kugeza uno munsi, insegero twubatse, amadini twubatse ntabwo ari byo Yesu yadutumye pe. Rwose nanjye icyo kintu nahoraga nanakiuga kuva na mbere y’uko bafunga insengero, ntabwo ibyo twubatse ari byo Yesu yadutumye. Ntabwo Yesu yadutumye kwinjiza abantu mu ijuru, yadutumye kwigisha abantu kubaho mu isi”.

Yakomeje agira ati,” Ufashe isengesho Yesu yigishije bavuga ngo ni isengesho ry’Umwami wacu.Data wa twese uri mu ijuru,izina ryawe ryubahwe cyangwa ingoma yawe yogere hose, ariko njyewe ahavuga ngo ‘Ubwami bwawe buze’…iyo uvuze ngo Ubwami bwawe buze, biba bivuze ngo buze hano.Ibyo ukunda bikorwe mu isi nk’uko bikorwa mu ijuru…”.

Yakomeje agira ati, “ ubwo rero ibyo ambaza by’umutekano, twe ni uko tuwurema, turema abantu bazima, batazana ubwicanyi, batazana gutemana, batazana amarozi, batazana inzangano, batazana amashyari, noneho twarangiza, n’ibiri hariya hanze tukita ku bidukikije ku buryo bitazana ibiza, tukubaka ku buryo tutaba mu manegeka”.

Agaruka ku kibazo cyabajijwe ku ngaruka zatewe no gufunga insengero ku bakirisito, mu by’umwuka no mu by’imibereho y’ubuzima bwa buri munsi, n’amasomo abayobozi b’amatorero bakwiye kubikuramo.

Yagize ati, “ Uwo ni we wagombye gusubiza icyo kibazo, akamwira uko byabagizeho ingaruka, kuko njyewe ndi ku ruhande rw’abapasiteri, ntabwo ndi ku ruhande rw’bakarisito, …ahubwo niba ari umukirisito uturanye n’abakirisito,yagombye kutubwira ati, bafunze insengero abantu basubira kunywa inzoga, abandi basubira muri ibi n’ibi, ntabwo yagombye kubibaza umupasiteri, njyewe mfite akandi gahinda katari ako, n’ako karimo, ari we ahubwo yatubwira uko byegenze iwabo…”

Pasiteri Rutayisire Antoine kuri KT Radio

Yakomeje agira ati,” n’ubundi urusengero si rwo gakiza, kandi Yesu ntajya afungwa,biba bivuze ngo uyu muntu ntabwo yigeze aba umwe mu ba Yesu, yagiye mu murongo w’urusengero, ni uruhinja ruterurwa na Pasiteri ntabwo yigeze arerwa ngo abe mukuru. Ni icyo navuga ko bakirisito basubiye inyuma…”.

Pasiteri Rutayisire yifashishije ingero z’uko insengero zari zifunze muri Covid-19 nyamara abakirisitu bagakomeza gufashanya, ibiterane bigakomeza ku buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, amaturo agatangwa kuri za telefoni, yemeje ko nubu nta kintu na kimwe kitakorwa ngo ni uko insengero zifunze.

Yagize ati, “ …Ibyo bikubwira ngo nta kintu na kimwe gishobora gutuma ibintu bipfa ngo ni uko wenda…kandi ntimunyumve nabi, ntabwo nishimiye ko insengero zifungwa kuko ndi umupasiteri. Abo byagizeho ingaruka ni bagenzi banjye.Kuko njyewe byabaye naragiye mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru, ariko iyo mugenzi wanjye ababaye nanjye ndababara”.

Reba ibindi muri izi Videwo:

Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane w’u Rwanda, Olivier Nduhungirehe

Umunyamakuru David Baché wa RFI yatangiye amubaza igituma intambara ikomeje mu Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo kandi hari amasezerano atandukanye yo kuyihagarika yasinywe harimo aya Washington n’aya Doha, abarwanyi ba AFC/M23 bemeye kuva mu Mujyi wa Uvira bari bafashe, iyo ikaba ari intambwe y’ingenzi, ariko na none hakaba hari indege zitagira abapilote za M23 zikomeza kurasa mu Mujyi wa Kisangani, ati “Ni iki cyakorwa kugira ngo izo nyeshyamba zihagarike ibitero byazo mu Burasirazuba wa RDC?”

Asubiza icyo kibazo, Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yagize ati “Nta munsi n’umwe utambuka hatabayeho ibitero byo mu kirere bigabwe na Guverinoma ya Congo, ku birindiro bya AFC/M23 kandi ibyo ni ukurenga ku masezerano yo guhagarika intambara, ariko nanone bihangayikishije kurushaho ku nsisiro z’Abanyamulenge, kuko binahurirana n’imvugo zibiba urwango zikomeza kwiyongera. Bivuze ko Perezida Tshisekedi asinya amasezerano y’amahoro no guhagarika intambara akoresheje ikiganza, ariko bitari ku mutima. Ubwo rero icyo ni cyo kibazo”.

Umunyamakuru David yavuze ko u Rwanda ruvuga ko ikibazo ari umutwe wa FDLR ugizwe n’abahunze nyuma yo gukora Jenoside, ubu ukaba ushaka kugaruka mu Rwanda gukuraho ubuyobozi buriho, mu gihe RDC yo ishinja u Rwanda, kuba rushaka gukomeza intambara rugamije kwigarurira amabuye y’agaciro ya Congo.

Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yagize ati “Iyo ni imvugo iri aho gusa, kandi barabizi neza ko ibyo atari ukuri.
Hari ikibazo cya FDLR mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC, abo bajenosideri bakoze Jenoside mu 1994, bakiriwe
neza ndetse bashyigikirwa na Guverinoma ya Congo ndetse bashyirwa no mu gisirikare cya Congo, kandi
ibyo ni byo byatumye habaho amasezerano ya Washington. Hagomba kubaho ubushake bwa RDC mu
gusenya FDLR, ibyo bigatuma n’u Rwanda rushobora gukuraho ingamba zarwo z’ubwirinzi. FDLR ni
ikibazo gikomeye iyo ntambara ishingiyeho, kandi kigomba gukemurwa no kuyisenya nk’uko bikubiye
mu masezerano ya Washington”.

Umunyamakuru David Baché yavuze ko mu mpera z’Ukwezi kwa Mutarama 2026, u Rwanda rwemeje ko
rukorana na AFC/M23 mu bijyanye n’umutekano, kandi hari hashize igihe ruhakana gufasha uwo
mutwe.

Minisitiri Nduhungirehe yagize ati “Kubera ko AFC/M23 ari umutwe w’Abanye-Congo, hari inyungu
zihuriweho hagati y’u Rwanda na AFC/M23, izo nyugu zihiriweho ni FDLR”.

Umunyamakuru David Baché amubajije igituma u Rwanda rubyemeje ubu kandi rwari rwarakomeje guhakana imikoranire n’uwo mutwe, ibyo Minisitiri Patrick Muyaya, akaba n’umuvugizi wa Guverinoma ya Congo yise ibinyoma by’ubutetsi bitangiye kujya ahagaragara, Minisitiri Nduhungirehe amusubiza agira ati, “ ibinyoma…iyo Patrick Muyaya avuze atyo, aba azi icyo avuga kuko RDC ni yo yafashe abo bakoze Jenoside bo muri FDLR irabiyegereza, n’ubu tuvugana FDLR ifashwa na Guverinoma ya Congo”.

Umunyamakuru David Baché yavuze ko hari amajwi asaba ko u Rwanda rwafatirwa ibihano mpuzamahanga kandi Amerika ishobora gufata icyo cyemezo mu bihe bya vuba, kandi Perezida Paul Kagame yumvikanye yemeza ko adatewe ubwoba n’ibyo bikangisho. Ati “ Namwe nyakubahwa Minisitiri ibyo nta bwoba bibateye”? Minisitiri Nduhungirehe amusubiza yagize ati,” Iyaba ibihano byakemura ibibazo cya RDC nasinya n’ejo mu gitondo. Muzi ko mu 2012-2013 hari hariho ibihano byafatiwe u Rwanda, none se byakemuye ikibazo hagati ya RDC na M23? Oya. Nyuma y’imyaka 8 intambara yarongeye irubura mu 2021…nta gihano muri iyi si kizatubuza, kurinda imipaka yacu no guharanira ko abaturage bacu batakongera guhura n’ibyo bahuye na byo mu 1994 bikozwe na FDLR”.

Kimwe n’urundi rubyiruko rwinshi rw’aho mu Buhinde, Suraj Bhaskar w’imyaka 20, ukomoka muri Uttar Pradesh, yarotaga kuzaba umuganga mu rwego rwo gushimisha umuryango we no kuwuhesha ishema. Icyakora, inzozi ze kuzigeraho byajemo ingorane, kuko yatsinzwe kabiri ikizamini cya ‘NEET’ cyo kwinjira mu ishuri ry’ubuvuzi. Ariko ntiyigeze acika intege, ahubwo yakomeje gushakisha indi nzira yashoboka.

Bikekwa ko Suraj yafashe icyemezo giteye ubwoba cyo kwikata ikirenge akagica, kugira ngo yemererwe kwinjira muri shuri ry’ubuvuzi. Polisi yatangaje ko yabikoze agamije kugira ngo bigaragare nk’aho yagabweho igitero cy’urugomo, agakomeretswa n’abagizi ba nabi, bityo azemererwe kujya kwiga muri iryo shuri nk’umwe mu bafite ubumuga.

Mu Buhinde, amategeko ateganya ko 5% by’imyanya mu mashuri makuru ya Leta n’aterwa inkunga na Leta, harimo n’ayigisha ubuvuzi, bigenerwa abafite ubumuga.

Amakuru y’uko yitemye ubwe, yamenyekanye nyuma y’uko mukuru we, Akash Bhaskar, amenyesheje Polisi ko abantu batazwi bagabye igitero kuri murumuna we mu Mudugudu wa Khalilpur, bakamusiga yataye ubwenge kandi yaciwe ikirenge.

Ubwo hahise hafungurwa dosiye, Polisi itangira iperereza ryaje kuvumbura ko hari ibintu byinshi bitari bihuye mu buhamya bwa Suraj.

Umuvugizi wa Polisi aganira n’itangazamakuru yagize ati, “Ukekwaho icyaha yagerageje kuyobya iperereza akoresheje inkuru mpimbano, ariko ibyo yavugaga ntibyashoboraga gusubiza ibibazo byinshi byerekeye isuzuma ry’ibimenyetso.”

Polisi kandi ngo yabonye agatabo ka Suraj yandikagamo gahunda ze za buri munsi, aho yanditse agira ati, “Nzaba umuganga …”. Polisi kandi ngo yanamenye ko uwo musore yari yaragerageje kubona ibyangombwa by’ abafite ubumuga amezi make mbere yo kwikomeretsa , ariko biramunanira.

Raporo y’abaganga igaragaza ko ikirenge cya Suraj cyaciwe mu buryo busukuye cyane, bishoboka ko hakoreshejwe imashini. Igikomere cyari gisukuye cyane ku buryo kidashobora kuba cyaratewe n’abamugabyeho igitero bakamutemesha icyuma nk’uko byavugagwa.

Hari kandi amacupa y’imiti n’inshinge byabonetse mu murima wari hafi y’aho bamusanze agaragaza ko ashobora kuba yarabanje kwitera ikinya (anesthésie) kugira ngo atumva ububabare mbere yo kwica ikirenge.

Umuvugizi wa Polisi yagize ati, “Uwo twita uwahohotewe yakomeje kugenda ahindagura ubuhamya bwe kandi agerageza kuyobya Polisi”.

Yongeraho ko Suraj Bhaskar yahise ajyanwa mu kigo cy’ubuvuzi cyita ku bahuye n’impanuka zikomeye kugira ngo yitabweho ku buryo bwisumbuyeho. Gusa ikirenge cye cyo ngo ntikiraboneka.

Ibi byagarutsweho kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 9 Gashyantare 2026, mu kiganiro inzego z’ubutabera zagiranye n’itangazamakuru kivuga ku byakozwe hagamijwe gukumira no kurwanya ruswa cyane cyane mu mu nkiko.

Kamarampaka Consolée, Umunyamabanga Mukuru Wungirije w’Urwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha (RIB) yasobanuye zimwe mu ngamba zafashwe n’Urwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha, hagamijwe kurwanya ruswa, harimo kugenzura umugenzacyaha wahawe dosiye runaka byagaragara ko harimo icyuho cya ruswa, iyo dosiye igahabwa undi kugira ngo ikorwe neza. Ikindi ni uko umugenzacyaha umaze imyaka itatu akorera ahantu runaka, yimurwa kugira ngo niba hari n’abantu yari amaze kumenyerana na bo bagafatanya mu gukora icyo cyaha, yimuke ajye gukorera aho atari asanzwe amenyereye.

Kamarampaka Consolée, Umunyamabanga Mukuru Wungirije w’Urwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha (RIB)

Yagize ati, “Rero ikindi ni ugukorana n’izindi nzego, no gutanga amakuru ku mwanzuro wafatiwe dosiye y’umuturage, kuko iyo umuturage abonye umuntu yareze amugezeho atamenye uko byagenze, yumva ko hatanzwemo ruswa. Icyo gihe rero, iyo umuteguje kare, ukamubwira ko wenda dosiye ye, hakirimo ibimenyetso bitaraboneka bikirimo gukurikiranwa, ko umuntu atabaye umwere, bituma adakeka ko harimo ruswa, agashira impungenge zatuma na we ashobora kuba yatanga iyo ruswa”.

Agaruka ku kibazo cy’abantu bafatwa hanyuma hashira igihe gito bakarekurwa, noneho abahohotewe ntibabyakire neza, Mukantaganzwa Domitilla, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, yavuze ko hari umuco Abanyarwanda bakwiye kureka, wo kwigira abacamanza bose.

Yagize ati, “ Mujye mumenya ko ubucamanza bukorwa n’ababufite mu nshingano, twese twe kujya duca imanza. Ntabwo Umunyarwanda ashobora kuza nubwo yahohotewe, ngo aze akubwire ati uwampohoteye ndifuza ko ahanwa atya, ntabwo bibaho. Ahanwa hakurikijwe uko amategeko abiteganya, agahanwa hakurikijwe uko ubucamanza amategeko yateganyije ko bugomba gutangwa”.

Mukantaganzwa Domitilla, Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, asanga abantu bakwiye kujy bizera ibyemezo by’inkiko kuko biba bikurikije amategeko

Yakomeje agira ati, “Iki ndakijyanisha n’icy’Abanyarwanda bajya bampamagara bakambwira bati, ariko umufungwa wanjye yari ari aha, none ntaraza. Nta mufungwa..,nta Munyarwanda uba umufungwa w’undi Munyarwanda ubaho. Iyo umuntu akoze icyaha, aba agikoreye Igihugu, aba agikoreye umuryango Nyarwanda, by’umwihariko wowe, ariko aba agomba guhanwa n’Igihugu, agahanwa hakurikijwe amategeko Igihugu cyashyizeho. Aha rero umuntu wumva ko umuntu atahanwe uko we abyifuza, ariko akaba yahanwe uko amategeko abiteganya, inama twamugira ni ukumubwira ngo va mu bucamanza, warahohotewe, hari ibyo ufiteho uburenganzira, ariko hari n’aho utagera, kuko ntawihanira, kimwe n’uko ntawugena igihano cy’uwakoze icyaha. Kuvuga rero ko atabyishimira ni ibisanzwe. Nta byishimirwa na bose, icy’ingenzi ni uko kiba ari igihano cyatanzwe hakurikijwe uko amategeko abiteganya”.

Umuhanzi w’indirimbo zihimbaza Imana witwa Matthew Ogundele, ari kumwe n’abandi bantu batatu bo itsinda rye, basanzwe muri studio y’umuziki mu gace ka Abraham Adesanya i Ajah, muri Leta ya Lagos.

Abo bandi bapfanye n’uwo muhanzi, bamenyekanye ko ari Itunu Ogundele, Joseph Sanya, n’undi witwa Matthew Awosanya, uzwi cyane ku izina rya JoesTv.

Amakuru y’ibanze agaragaza ko abo bapfuye bari batumiwe mu kuririmba no gukorera Imana ku wa Kabiri w’icyumweru gishize, mu gitaramo cy’iminsi itatu cyateguwe n’undi muhanzi w’indirimbo zo guhimbaza Imana witwa Olanireti Akinbola, mu rwego rwo kwizihiza isabukuru ye.

Polisi yatangaje ku wa Gatandatu tariki 7 Gashyantare 2026, ko abo uwo muhanzi na bahanzi be bageze aho igikorwa cyabereye nimugoroba maze bakora kugeza masaha ya nijoro cyane.

Kubera ko bwari bwije cyane, bivugwa ko bahisemo kurara muri iyo ‘studio ‘ itunganya umuziki bari barimo, aho basanzwe mu gitondo cy’umunsi wakurikiyeho, bapfuye bose.

Polisi yagize iti, “Uwateguye igikorwa cyo gushima mu rwego rw’isabukuru ye, yateguye ko kimara iminsi itatu uhereye ku wa mbere w’icyumweru gishize. Matthew Ogundele n’itsinda rye bari bateganyijwe kuririmba ku wa Kabiri. Igikorwa cyarangiye nijoro cyane, ni yo mpamvu bahisemo kurara muri ‘studio’. Mu gitondo cyakurikiyeho ni bwo inkuru yakwirakwiriye ko basanzwemo bapfuye.”

Uruga rwa gikirisitu rwa ‘Omojesu’ rwemeje iby’urwo rupfu mu butumwa bwashyizwe kuri Facebook, buvuga ko abo bantu bahisemo kurara aho kubera intera ndende iri hagati ya ‘studio’ n’ingo zabo.

Ubutumwa bugira buti: “Mu gushaka ubuzima bwiza, Matthew Ogundele n’abandi bagenzi be batatu bivugwa ko batumiwe kuririmba mu gikorwa cy’ishimwe ry’isabukuru ryabereye kuri murandasi, muri ‘studio’ iri hafi ya Ajah. Kubera intera ndende, bahisemo kurara aho. Ikibabaje ni uko bivugwa ko bapfuye mu gihe bari baryamye .”

Icyo kibazo cyahise kigezwa kuri sitatiyo ya polisi ya Ajiwe, Ajah, mu gihe inshuti n’abakoranaga n’abo bapfuye bagiye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bagatangira gusaba ubutabera.

Amafoto akwirakwira kuri murandasi yagaragaje amaraso asohoka mu mazuru, mu kanwa no mu matwi by’abapfuye, bamwe mu nshuti n’abavandimwe bagira impungenge ndetse n’ibitekerezo bitandukanye ku mpamvu zaba zarateye urupfu rwabo.

Asobanura ibyabaye, Umuvugizi wa Polisi ya Leta ya Lagos, SP Abimbola Adebisi, yavuze ko icyo kibazo cyamenyeshejwe polisi ku wa Gatatu tariki 4 Gashyantare bikozwe n’umuyobozi w’iyo ‘studio’, Akintayo Akinbola, akaba n’umugabo w’uwizihizaga isabukuru.

Yavuze ko Akinbola yabwiye Polisi ko yasize abo bahanzi muri studio ye, iherereye mu nyubako ya HFP Shopping Complex, ku wa Kabiri nijoro nyuma yo kubagurira ibyo kurya mu gihe biteguraga igitaramo cy’umuziki.

Yagize ati: “Yavuze ko abo bahanzi bagarutse muri ‘studio’ bazanye ibiryo, maze we arataha ajya iwe. Ariko ahagana saa tanu za mu gitondo ku wa Gatatu, agarutse asanga urugi rwa studio rufunze, kandi rufungiyemo imbere.”

“Yahise agira ubwoba, aratabaza, maze urugi rurakingurwa hakoreshejwe ingufu. Binjiye basanga imirambo y’abo bahanzi bane iri muri ‘studio’”.

Yongeyeho ko abagenzacyaha bahise bagera aho ibyo byabereye bagafata amakuru yose, kandi ko nta bimenyetso bigaragara by’ihohoterwa byabonetse ku mibiri yabo.

Yagize ati: “Imirambo yajyanywe mu Bitaro bya Mainland i Yaba, aho umuganga yemeje ko bapfuye. Nyuma yajyanywe mu buriro bw’ibitaro bya Mainland General Hospital kugira ngo hakorwe isuzuma ry’imirambo (autopsy), hanyuma inabikwe neza, mu gihe itegereje gushyingurwa.”

Adebisi yanatangaje ko dosiye yagejejwe mu Ishami ry’Ubugenzacyaha rya Leta (SCID), i Panti, Yaba, kugira ngo hakorwe iperereza ryimbitse rigamije kumenya icyateye urupfu rwabo.

Mukantagara Peace yagaragaje impungenge z’abangavu batwara inda n’urubyiruko runywa ibiyobyabwenge

Yagize ati “Dutanga ubumenyi, tugatanga n’uburere, ariko Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika tukikanga abana badutwaranye inda. Dufite indi mbogamizi nanone turigisha tugatanga n’uburere ariko tukikanga hari abana banywa ibiyobyabwenge. Turigisha tugatanga n’uburere ariko tukabona abana bafite imyitwarire mibi iturutse ku ikoreshwa ribi ry’imbuga nkoranyambaga. Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika rero twagira icyo tubasaba. Habeho itsinda rishyirwa ku rwego rw’Akagari, n’urw’Umurenge, n’urw’Umudugudu, kugira ngo abantu bose bigishwe n’iryo tsinda rifite indangagaciro, ryigishe abaturage muri rusange, ababyeyi by’umwihariko, kugira ngo abana nibatugana baje ku mashuri, bazaze ari n’abana bafite uburere, bityo Abanyarwanda twese twumve ko uburere butureba, butareba mwalimu wenyine”.

Yakomeje agira ati “Hari byinshi byakozwe, ariko turashaka kugira ngo hongerwe imbaraga mu guhana by’intangarugero bariya batera inda abana, kuko bariya bana bafite ababatera inda, bahanwe by’intangarugero. Iyo urebye umubare w’abana baterwa inda, ariko ababatera inda ugasanga ari nk’aho ari ntabo, tukongera tugasaba ku mikoreshereze y’imbuga nkoranyambaga, Igihugu cyacu kirakataje mu ikoranabuhanga, hashyirweho ibyo urubyiruko rukwiye kureba, ibindi ntibabirebe, kuko twaje gusanga mu by’ukuri bifite uko bibangiza”.

Minisitiri w’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango, Uwimana Consolée, yashimye Mukantagara Peace wabajije icyo kibazo, ariko avuga zimwe mu mpamvu ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje zatumye cyiyongera, avuga n’umuti urambye ushoboka wagikemura.

Minisitiri w’Uburinganire n’Iterambere ry’Umuryango, Uwimana Consolée (uri hagati) asubiza ku kibazo cy’abangavu batwara inda

Yagize ati, “Ni ikibazo gikomereye umuryango, nk’uko mwabibonye mu bushakashtsi buheruka, inda ziterwa abangavu zariyongereye cyane ziva kuri 5 zigera ku 8%, ubushakashatsi bwanagaragaje ko icyo kibazo ahanini gifite inkomoko, inkomoko ya mbere bwagaragaje ni uko, akenshi, kutiga ari kimwe mu bituma abana bahura n’ibibazo byo gusambanywa,21% by’abana basambanyijwe, bigaragara ko batigeze bagera no mu mashuri abanza, 13% barangije amashuri abanza, 4% bari barangije amashuri yisumbuye gusa. Umuti urambye wa mbere tubona, ni ugutuma abana bajya mu mashuri kandi bakiga kugera kure,dufatanyije na MINEDUC,tugakomeza gufata abana ku ishuri ntihakomeze kubaho abana bata ishuri, ikindi ni ikijyanye n’ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge, ingamba zirahari hamwe n’inzego z’umutekano, dukomeje kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge,kandi dukangurira abaturage kubicikaho, kuko ufata ibiyobyabwenge birangira ntacyo yimariye mu buzima”.

Ku bijyanye no guhana abo basambanya abana, Minisitiri Uwimana yavuze ko abatera abana inda baba ari abantu bazwi aho batuye, ahanini ugasanga hari ababyeyi bahishira, bityo ko abaturage basabwa kujya bagira uruhare mu gutanga amakuru kuri bene abo bantu hakiri kare, kugira ngo icyo kibazo kizashobore gukemuka burundu.

Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Imiyoborere (RGB), Dr Doris Uwicyeza Picard

Yagize ati “Mu Rwanda twahisemo ko imiyoborere ntabwo ari ibyo bitekerezo byo mu bitabo gusa, imiyoborere myiza uyisanga mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’umuturage. Iyo imiyoborere ari myiza, inzego zikora neza, serivisi itangirwa ku gihe kandi neza, umuturage akumva ijwi rye rirumvikana, kandi akumva yubashywe anarinzwe. Amateka yacu nk’uko mubivuze…dufite amateka mabi cyane, aho mu myaka myinshi cyane mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, hari imiyoborere mibi, inzego zidakora, zanakora serivisi zitanze, zikazitanga mu buryo bw’ivangura.”
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“Mu kubaka igihugu,twahisemo kubaka igihugu gishingiye ku kurengera no guha serivisi Abanyarwanda bose nta vangura. Muri ubwo bushishozi n’ayo mahitamo,niho urwego rw’imiyoborere ruziramo, rugakora ubushakashatsi buri mwaka,hagamijwe kureba aho duhagaze mu miyoborere no mu mitangire ya serivisi. Ubwo buryo bw’ubushakashatsi bwahisemo n’Abanyarwanda, ishusho bitwereke ni uko twagee kuri byinshi mu myaka 31 ishize, kuko hari imiyoborere myiza, inzego zirakora, hari n’icyo cyizere hagati y’abaturage na Leta”.

Dr Doris yakomeje asobanura ko nubwo hari ibyagezeho mu miyoborere, ariko hari ahagikenewe kongerwa imbaraga cyane cyane mu mitangire ya serivisi, kubera ko abaturage muri iki gihe bajya mu mashuri, bakagira ubumenyi, bagakoresha ikoranabuhanga, bityo n’ibyo bitegereza ku mitangire ya serivisi biriyongera, bikanahinduka.

Yagize ati, “ Aho umuturage mbere yishimiraga gusa ko serivisi zihari, ubungubu arenzaho akavuga ati, yego serivisi zirahari, ariko se ziranoze?zirihuse? zinanteza imbere, zinakoresha ikoranabuhanga? Na byo ni ibintu bakomeza basaba”.

Atanga urugero rw’impinduka zigenda ziza , avuga ku burezi, aho mbere byabaga bihagije kohereza umwana ku ishuri, ariko muri iki gihe ababyeyi bakaba barenzaho bakabanza kumenya niba uburezi umwana ahabwa mu ishuri bufite ireme, buzamuhesha akazi, bakamenya niba ubumenyi ahabwa bujyanye n’igihe turimo, bijyanye n’ibintu byinshi bishya bivuka, ku buryo azagira ahazaza heza.

Dr Doris yashimangiye ko ibyagezweho mu rwego rw’imiyoborere, atari umusaruro w’inzego za Leta gusa, ahubwo ari ko ari ubufatanye hagati y’inzego n’umuturage. Ubufatanye hagati y’abaturage na Leta kandi ngo nibwo bwatumye Leta ibasha gukura abaturege bagera kuri Miliyoni mu bukene hagati y’umwaka wa 2008-2011.

Yahamagariye urubyiruko kongera kujya bitabira gahunda zitandukanye za Leta harimo umuganda n’inteko z’abaturage, kuko byagaragaye ko uko bitabiraga mbere y’ciyorezo cya Covid-19 byagabanutse, ikindi bakajya bakora ku buryo izo gahunda bazigira izabo, bakazigiramo ijwi, bakazitangamo ibitekerezo, ku buryo bagera ku rwego rwo kureba kuba abagenerwa bikorwa, ahubwo bakaba abafatanyabikorwa ba Leta mu mushinga w’icyerekezo 2050, ukamije kugeza u Rwanda kure kandi mu buryo bwihuse.

Avuga ku rwego rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, yasobanuye ko rwakomeje kuzamuka bitewe na gahunda
zitandukanye Guverinoma yakomeje gushyira mu bikorwa, mu bijyanye no kwihaza mu biribwa no
gusagurira amasoko. Yavuze ko Guverinoma yongereye amafaranga ya Nkunganire igenera umuhinzi
cyane cyane nyuma y’uko ibiciro by’ifumbire ku isoko mpuzamahanga bikomeje kuzamuka.

Yagize ati “Iyo gahunda yafashije abahinzi kongera ingano y’inyongeramusaruro bakoresha. Ubu
ifumbire ikoreshwa igeze ku biro 74 kuri hegitari ku mwaka, mu gihe mu 2017 hakoreshwaga ibiro 32.”

Avuga ko intambwe u Rwanda rugezeho mu mikoreshereze y’ifumbire ari iyo kwishimira, kuko ruri
imbere ku kigero cy’ifumbire mu rwego rw’ibihugu byo muri Afurika y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara, aho
bakoresha ibiro 25 by’ifumbire kuri hegitari ku mwaka.

Gusa nubwo bimeze bityo, Minisitiri w’Intebe yemeza ko u Rwanda rugifite urugendo rurerure, kuko
intego rwiyemeje ari ukugera ku biro 94.6 kuri hegitari muri 2029. Mu bihugu bikize, ho ngo bigeze ku
biro 150 by’ifumbire kuri hegitari.

Ku bijyanye no guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere,hakomeje kongerwa ubuso bw’ubutaka
bwuhirwa, kuko ubu bwavuye kuri hegitari 71.000 mu mwaka wa 2023-2024, bugera kuri hegitari
zirenga gato 74.000. Intego ihari ngo ni uko ubwo buso bwazaba bugeze kuri hegitari 130.000 mu
mwaka wa 2029.

Yavuze kandi ko hakomeje kongerwa ubuso buriho amaterasi y’indinganire ubu bukaba bugeze kuri
hegitari 146.000, mu gihe intego ari ukugera kuri hegitari 167.000 muri 2029. Ubuso bw’amaterasi
yikora, nabwo ngo bwakomeje kwiyongera bukaba bugeze kuri hegitari zirenga Miliyoni n’ibihumbi
mirongo ine na bibiri.

Yavuze kandi ko Guverinoma yakomeje kuvugurura ubworozi, bikajyana no kwita ku matungo,
kongera ibikorwa remezo by’ubworozi n’ibindi. Ibyo yavuze ko byagize uruhare mu kongera umukamo
w’amata uva kuri litiro zisaga Miliyoni 700 mu 2017, ukaba ugeze kuri Miliyoni zisaga 1,200 mu mwaka
wa 2025.

Mu rwego rwo gukomeza guteza imbere inganda no kongera umusaruro uzikomokaho, Guverinoma ikomeje gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zigamije kongera ibikorerwa imbere mu gihugu, hagamijwe kwihaza mu gihugu imbere ndetse n’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.

Muri izo ngamba, harimo kongera ishoramari n’ubushobozi bw’inganda zihari, cyane cyane izikora ibijyanye n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, izitunganya ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi ndetse n’iz’ubwubatsi. Ikindi ni uburyo bworohereza ishoramari mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro no kuyongerera agaciro imbere mu gihugu,mbere y’uko yoherezwa mu mahanga. Umusaruro mbumbe w’urwo rwego mu mwaka 2024 wazamutse ku kigero cya 12%, uvuye ku 9% mu mwaka wa 2023. Mu bihembwe bitatu by’umwaka wa 2025, umusaruro wazamutse ku mpuzandengo ya 8%.

Perezida Kiir, yabirukanye nyuma yo kumenya ko hari icyemezo giteye isoni yafashe, cyo gushyira mu kanama kagombaga kuyobora ibiganiro ku matora ateganyijwe mu Kwezi k’Ukuboza 2026, umuntu wapfuye.

Ishyirwaho rya Steward Soroba Budia muri ako kanama, ryatangajwe mu iteka rya perezida ryo ku itariki ya 30 Mutarama 2026, ariko itangazamakuru ryo muri icyo gihugu rihita ritangira kugaragaza ko uwo mugabo, ubusanzwe wari umunyamuryango w’ishyaka ritavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi rya ‘United Democratic Party (UDP)’, amaze imyaka itanu (5) apfuye.

Ibyo byatumye abantu benshi batangira kubigira nk’urwenya ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, bibaza uko bigenda ngo umuntu ashyirwe mu mwanya w’akazi na Perezida wa Repubulika kandi yarapfuye.

Nyuma y’aho Peresidansi yasohoye itangazo rivuga ko Perezida wa Repubulika yirukanye umujyanama we akaba n’umunyamabanga we mu bijyanye n’itangazamakuru David Amour Major, ndetse n’umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ibikorwa bya Perezidansi.

Steward Soroba Budia, uwo wahawe inshingano kandi atakiriho, yari umwe mu bashyize umukono ku masezerano y’amahoro yo mu 2018, yari agamije guhagarika intambara yari yarashegeshe Sudani y’Epfo kuva yabona ubwigenge mu 2011.

Perezida Kiir yashyizeho ako kanama kagizwe n’abahagarariye amashyaka atandukanye, kagamije gutegura inzira y’amatora. Gusa, hari impungenge ko ayo matora ashobora kutazaba, kubera ko igihugu kigikomeje guhangana n’ikibazo cy’umutekano muke.

Perezida Salva Kiir ni we uyobowe Sudani y’Epfo kuva yabona ubwigenge, kuko itegeko nshinga ry’icyo gihugu ryari ryateganyije ko amatora ya mbere yari kuba ku itariki 9 Nyakanga 2015, ntibyakunda. Ubu amatora amaze kwigizwa inyuma inshuro eshanu harimo mu 2018, 2021,2023 ndetse no mu 2024.

Depite Mamadou Hawa Gassama wo muri Mali afungiye muri Côte d’Ivoire

Nyuma y’uko urwo rukiko rumuhamije icyaha cyo gutuka Perezida wa Côte d’Ivoire, uwo mudepite wo mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko y’inzibacyuho ya Mali, yahanishijwe gufungwa imyaka itatu (3) muri gereza, akanatanga ihazabu ya Miliyoni 5 z’Amafaranga – CFA,(hafi 9,000 by’Amadolari) mu gihe ubushinjacyaha bwo bwari bwamusabiye gufungwa imyaka itanu (5) muri gereza.

Muri Nzeri 2022, nibwo Depite Mamadou Hawa Gassama yavuze kuri Perezida wa Ouattara, ubwo yari mu kiganiro (interview) na kimwe mu binyamakuru byo muri Mali, icyo gihe yavuze ko Perezida Alassane Ouattara ari umunyagitugu kandi akaba ari n’umwanzi wa Mali.

Icyo gihe hari hashize umwaka umwe, Perezida Assimi Goïta wa Mali afashe ubutegetsi, umubano hagati ya Mali na Côte d’Ivoire wari urimo agatotsi bitewe n’iryo hirikwa ry’ubutegetsi, hiyongeraho n’abasirikare 49 ba Côte d’Ivoire bafatiwe muri Mali, bagakatirwa gufungwa imyaka 20 muri gereza kuko bashinjwaga kuvogera ubusugire bw’igihugu, mu gihe Côte d’Ivoire yo yavugaga ko ari abari boherejwe mu butumwa bw’amahoro bwa UN. Abo basirikare baje kurekurwa binyuze mu buhuza bwakozwe n’igihugu cya Togo.

Aganira n’Ibiro Ntaramakuru by’Abafaransa (AFP), Mamadou Ismaila Konate wunganira uwo mudepite mu rubanza, yavuze ko umwanzuro urukiko rwafashe urimo kurengera cyane, kandi ukaba ukomeye cyane.

Umwanzuro w’urukiko wasomwe tariki 30 Mutarama 2026, mu gihe Depite Mamadou we yatawe muri yombi muri Nyakanga 2025, ubwo yarimo ataha ava mu rugendo yari yakoreye mu Mujyi wa Séguéla uherereye mu Majyaruguru y’Uburengerazuba bwa Côte d’Ivoire.

Iyo mvura yateje imyuzure itwara ubuzima bw’abantu 13 kugeza ubu, abandi babarirwa hagati y’ibihumbi 600-800, bava mu byabo, mu gihe ibikorwaremezo byinshi byangiritse cyane cyane mu Ntara za Maputo, Gaza ndetse na Inhambane.

Nk’uko byatangajwe na Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’amahanga n’ubutwererane mpuzamahanga y’u Rwanda, mu itangazo yashyize ku rubuga rwa X, mu gitondo cyo kuri uyu wa Kabiri tariki 3 Gashyantare 2026, nibwo iyo nkunga yagejejwe muri Mozambique.

Ni inkunga igizwe na Toni 20 z’ibiribwa, ibikoresho by’ubutabazi bitandukanye byifashishwa mu gihe cy’ibiza, hamwe n’imiti. Biteganyinjwe ko ikindi cyiciro cy’inkunga u Rwanda rwageneye icyo gihugu kizoherezwa mu minsi ya vuba nk’uko bigaragara muri iryo tangazo.

U Rwanda na Mozambique ni ibihugu bisanzwe bifatanya muri byinshi, aho guhera muri Nyakanga 2021, u Rwanda rwohereje ingabo n’abapolisi bo kujya kugarura umutekano muri Mozambique cyane cyane mu Ntara ya Cabo Delgado, zifasha mu guhashya ibyihebe byari byarigaruriye ako gace, biratsindwa biragenda.

Ni igikorwa cyatumye ituze rigaruka muri icyo gihugu, abaturage bagera ku 500.000 bari barahunze, baratahuka basubira mu byabo.

Uretse ubufatanye buhoraho hagati y’u Rwanda na Mozambique mu kurwanya iterabwoba, hari n’ubufatanye bushingiye masezerano y’ubucuruzi no gusana ibikorwa remezo bitandukanye nk’amashuri n’amavuriro, ndetse no kubaka ubushobozi bw’inzego z’aho muri Mozambique.

Ikigo gishinzwe indege za gisivili kishimiye cyane iyo “ndege y’amateka”. Kuko ku butegetsi bwa Sudani, ngo icyo ni ikimenyetso gikomeye gifite ubutumwa cyoherejwe hanze, cyane cyane ku baterankunga mpuzamahanga.

Mu Kwakira 2025, nibwo hari indi ndege yaje kuri icyo kibuga, ariko byahise bikurikirwa n’ibitero by’indege zitagira abapilote (drones) byagabwe ku kibuga cy’indege n’Ingabo za ‘FSR’ zihanganye n’iza Leta y’icyo gihugu, ibyo bikaba byaratumye ingendo zo mu kirere zongera gusubikwa.

Iyo ndege yaje ku 1 Gashyantare 2026 yakoze urugendo ruva i Port-Soudan ku Nyanja itukura rugana ku kibuga cy’indege cya Khartoum, nk’uko byatangajwe n’Ikigo gishinzwe indege za gisivili mu itangazo cyasohoye.

Muri iyo ndege kandi hari harimo Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Sudani , Kamil Idriss n’abandi, ariko umubare w’abagenzi bari bari muri iyo ndege muri rusange wo ntiwatangajwe.

Nk’uko byatangajwe n’umuyobozi mukuru w’icyo kigo, iyo ndege igaragaza “gusubukura ku mugaragaro kw’ ibikorwa by’ikibuga cy’indege”.

Icyo kibuga cyari cyarahagaritse imirimo kuva intambara yatangira muri Mata 2023 hagati y’ingabo za Leta n’abarwanyi ba ‘FSR’.

Nta makuru yatanzwe ku zindi ngendo zaba ziteganyijwe mu gihugu hirya no hino cyangwa se ku bijyanye n’igihe ingendo mpuzamahanga zashobora gusubukurwa aho mu Murwa mukuru wa Sudani.

Hari hashize ibyumweru bitatu Leta ya Sudani itangaje ku mugaragaro ko yasubiye gukorera i Khartoum, itangizwa ry’urwo rugendo hagati ya Khartoum na Port-Soudan rukaba rwaje rugamije gushimangira ko umutekano wangije kugaruka nk’uko byemezwa na Roland Marchal, umushakashatsi muri Siyansi, ukurikiranira hafi ibya politiki ya Sudani.

Yagize ati, “Leta irimo kugerageza kugaragaza ko ibintu byagarutse mu buryo, ko ubu ibyo kugenzura umutekano w’igihugu byamaze kugerwaho. Bityo ko abaturage bashobora gutangira gukora ingendo, ariko cyane cyane igaragaza ko hakenewe inkunga mpuzamahanga kugira ngo ifashe mu kongera kubaka Umurwa mukuru w’igihugu”.

Mu Rwanda, buri mwaka tariki 1 Gashyantare hizihizwa umunsi w’intwari, ziri mu byiciro bitatu, harimo icyiciro cy’Imanzi kibarizwamo Jenerali Major Fred Gisa Rwigema hamwe n’umusirikare utazwi, uhagarariye abandi bose bitanze mu rugamba rwo kuhora igihugu.

Harimo n’Icyiciro cy’Imena kibarizwamo Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa, Rwagasana Michel,Uwilingiyimana Agatha, Niyitegeka Felicite ndetse n’abanyeshuri bo mu ishuri ryisumbuye rya Nyange. Icyiciro cy’intwari z’ingenzi nta bantu baragishyirwamo kugeza ubu.

Uyu munsi w’intwari wizihijwe ku nshuro ya 32, ufite insanganyamatsiko igira iti, "Ubutwari n’ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda, inkingi z’iterambere”.

Undi washyize indabo ku kimenyetso cy’ubutwari ni Ambasaderi Prof. Charty Munyeruke, uharariye Zimbabwe mu Rwanda, akaba ari nawe ukuroye aba Ambasaderi bahagarariye ibihugu byabo mu Rwanda.

Nyuma yo gushyiraho indabo, abari bitabiriye uwo muhango bose, bafashe umunota wo kuzikana intwari z’igihugu zose.

Mu mwaka wa 2024, umubare w’abakora ubukwe cyangwa se abashakana, waragabanutse cyane, ku buryo ngo handitswe ubukwe bugera kuri miliyoni 6.106, ibyo bikaba bigaragaza igabanuka rya 20.5% ugereranyije n’umwaka wari wabanje wa 2023, nk’uko byatangajwe n’igitangazamakuru cyo mu Bushinwa cya Xinhua ndetse na Minisiteri ishinzwe imibereho myiza muri icyo gihugu.

Icyo iyo mibare yari ivuze, ni uko igipimo cy’abashyingiranywe ku rwego rw’igihugu cyari abantu 4.3 ku bantu 1.000. Aba mbere bafashe ingamba zo guhangana n’iyo mibare iteye impungenge ni ababyeyi, bavuga ko biteguye gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo bashishikarize abana babo gushaka no kubyara bakagira imiryango yabo.

Nk’uko byagarutsweho n’ibitangazamakuru bitandukanye, imbuga zo mu Bushinwa zisangizwaho amashusho nka Douyin ( wagereranya ‘TikTok’ yo mu Bushinwa) ndetse na Weibo zatangiye kuzuzwaho videwo zakozwe na AI zigaragaza abantu bageze mu zabukuru bavuga ko bicuza kuba batarumviye ababyeyi babo, ngo bashaka bubake imiryango banabyare abana mu gihe bari bakiri bato, none bakaba bashaje bari bonyine.

Muri amwe muri ayo mashusho yo mu buryo bwa videwo yakwirakwijwe cyane kuri izo mbuga nkoranyambaga, hagaragaramo imwe y’umugore w’imyaka 58 yakozwe na AI imugaragaza ari wenyine mu bitaro nta murwaza afite, mu gihe abandi barwayi bari ku bitanda byegeranye n’icye, bo barimo kwitabwaho n’imiryango yabo.

Hari kandi indi videwo yerekana umugabo w’imyaka 56 agaragaza ko yicuza ibyo yakoze byo kwirengagiza inama z’ababyeyi be, bamubwiraga gushinga umuryango. Nubwo izo videwo, inyinshi zabaga zanditseho ko zakozwe na AI “AI-generated”, zirakwirakwizwa, ku buryo bigaragara ko zihererekanywa n’abantu babarirwa muri za miliyoni.

Nubwo hari ababyeyi babona ko ibyo byafasha mu gutuma abana babo bashishikarira gushaka no kugira imiryango, ariko hari n’abanenga iyo myitwarire, bavuga ko mu gihe urubyiruko rwatangira kujya rushing imiryango kubera icyo gitutu cy’ababyeyi, ubwo no gutandukana kw’imiryango kwaziyongera cyane. Bityo n’ahazaza h’abo bashakana bahubutse hakaba habi.

Bamwe mu bakoresha urubuga nkoranyambaga rwa Weibo bagize icyo bavuga ko izo videwo zirimo gukoreshwa n’ababyeyi bagamije guhatira abana babo gushaka ingo.

Umwe yanditse agira ati, “Dukeneye izo videwo nyinshi. Nizikomeze zize, maze turebe uzakomeza akinangira, agakomeza kuba ingaragu.”

Undi we yanditse agira ati, “Mwese, mukwirakwize izi videwo, mutume aba bakiri bato bazireba maze bashishikarire gushaka no kubaka ingo zabo.”

Bamwe mu rubyiruko bo bavuga ko iyo myitwarire n’izo videwo bazifata nk’ibintu byo kubasetsa gusa.

Umwe muri bo yanditse agira ati, “Birasekeje ko bakoresheje AI, kuko ntibari kubasha kubona umuntu nyawe urira, ngo arasaba abantu gushaka.”

Hari n’abavuze ko izo videwo zizatuma hari abantu batarashaka barakaranya n’ababyeyi babo gusa, ariko bagakomeza kuba ingaragu, kugira ngo bereke ababyeyi ko batahatira gushaka ngo bikunde.

Ni impanuka yabaye ku wa Gatatu tariki 28 Mutarama 2026, mu birombe by’ahitwa Rubaya bigenzurwa n’inyeshyamba za M23, nk’uko Lumumba Kambere Muyisa, umuvugizi wa Guverineri wa Kivu y’Amajyaruguru washyizweho n’inyeshyamba, yabibwiye ikinyamakuru The Associated Press. Avuga ko inkangu yatewe n’imvura nyinshi.

Muyisa yagize ati: “Kugeza ubu, hari abapfuye barenga 200, bamwe muri bo bakiri mu byondo kandi ntibaraboneka.”

Yongeyeho ko abandi benshi bakomeretse bajyanywe mu bigo nderabuzima bitatu byo mu Mujyi wa Rubaya, mu gihe kuri uyu wa Gatandatu hategerejwe imbangukiragutabara, kugira ngo zijyane abakomeretse i Goma, Umujyi uri ku ntera y’ibilometero hafi 50.

Muyisa yavuze ko Guverineri wa Kivu y’Amajyaruguru washyizweho n’inyeshyamba yahagaritse by’agateganyo ubucukuzi bw’amabuye bukorwa n’abaturage ku giti cyabo kuri ibyo birombe, anategeka ko abaturage bari barubatse hafi y’ibirombe bimurwa. Rubaya ni agace ko mu Burasirazuba bwa Congo bivugwa ko gakungahaye ku mabuye y’agaciro.

Muri Gicurasi 2024, nibwo inyeshyamba za M23 zafashe umujyi wa Rubaya, zitangira no kugenzura ibirombe byawo. Raporo y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ivuga ko kuva M23 yafata Rubaya, inyeshyamba zashyizeho imisoro ku bucuruzi bwa coltan, ubu ngo bikaba byinjiza nibura Amadolari 800.000 buri kwezi.
Intambara zitandukanye zimaze igihe zibasiye u Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo, zatamye abaturage babarirwa muri 7 zirindwi bahunga bava mu byabo, harimo ababarirwa mu 100.000 bahunze bata ingo zabo mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka wa 2026, nk’uko byemezwa n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye.

Umubano hagati y’ibi bihugu byombi wajemo agatotsi kuva mu 2023, ubwo Afurika y’Epfo yatangaga ikirego mu Rukiko mpuzamahanga (Cour internationale de justice), ishinja Israel kuba irimo gukora ‘itsembabwoko’ mu gace ka Gaza.

Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga ya Afurika y’Epfo, yatangaje ko ‘yamenyesheje Leta ya Israel icyemezo cyo gutangaza Ariel Seidman, ushinzwe ibikorwa bya Ambasade ya Israel, ko atakiri umuntu wemerewe gukorera muri Afurika y’Epfo’, nk’uko byatangajwe mu itangazo yasohoye kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki 30 Mutarama 2026.

Icyo cyemezo, “ngo cyafashwe hashingiwe ku rukurikirane rw’ibyaha bidashobora kwihanganirwa byakozwe n’iyo ntumwa ya Israel, Ariel Seidman, birimo kutubahiriza amategeko n’imyitwarire ya dipolomasi, bikaba bifatwa kuvogera no gutesha agaciro ubusugire bwa Afurika y’Epfo.”

Mu bindi ashinjwa, harimo gukoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga za Leta ya Israel inshuro nyinshi mu kwibasira Perezida Cyril Ramaphosa wa Afurika y’Epfo, ndetse no kwirengagiza nkana kumenyekanisha ku nzego zibishinzwe, ingendo bivugwa zakorwaga n’abayobozi bakuru ba Israel baza muri Afurika y’Epfo.

Iryo tangazo rigira riti, “ Bwana Arel Seidman agomba kuva mu gihugu mu masaha 72”.

Iyo Minisiteri yanaboneyeho gusaba Leta ya Israel ko mu gihe kizaza dipolomasi yayo yajya yubahiriza, ikanazirikana icyubahiro gikwiye Repubulika ya Afurika y’Epfo.

Nyuma y’umwanya muto Afurika y’Epfo yirukanye uwo muyobozi wari uhagarariye Israel, nayo yatangaje ko yirukanye uhagarariye Afurika y’Epfo i Tel-Aviv (Israel).

Mu butumwa bwanyujijwe ku rubuga rwa X, kuri konti ya Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga ya Israel yagize iti, “Kubera ibitero by’ibinyoma Afurika y’Epfo yagabye kuri Israel ku rwego mpuzamahanga no kubera icyemezo cyihariye kandi kidafite ishingiro cyafatiwe uhagarariye Israel muri Afurika y’Epfo [...] uhagarariye Afurika y’Epfo [...] Shaun Edward Byneveldt, atangajwe nk’umuntu utakemerewe gukorera muri Israel (persona non grata) kandi agomba kuva muri Israel mu masaha 72. Andi mabwiriza ashobora gufatwa mu gihe kizaza.”

Igihugu cya Libya kimaze imyaka isaga 15 gihuye n’imvururu n’intambara, ku buryo n’ibikorwaremezo by’ibanze byahungabanye ndetse bikaba bitagikora neza. }}}

Ibyabaye kuri uwo mucuruzi w’amatelefone ukorera mu Mujyi wa Tripoli, ni urugero rumwe rugaragaza ingaruka z’iyo ntambara n’umutekano watinze kugaruka muri Libya.

Uko byagenze, muri uku kwezi kwa Mutarama 2026, nibwo yakiriye telefoni za Nokia ntoya yari yaratumije mu 2010, mbere gato y’uko intambara itangira.

Mu mashusho yakwirakwijwe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, uwo mucuruzi yagaragaye arimo apakurura izo telefone zishaje mu mufuka wa pulasitiki utukura, akibaza niba koko izo akwiye kuzifata nka telefoni, cyangwa se niba yazifata nk’aho ari ibikoresho byibutsa amateka.

Izo telefoni yari yaratumije zari muri iyo myaka ya za 2000 kuzamura, ariko ubu zifatwa nka telefoni zishaje cyane, ndetse zitagifite akamaro ugereranyije n’aho igihe kigeze.

Impamvu nyamukuru yatumye umuzigo w’uwo mucuruzi utinda bigeze aho, ni intambara yo mu 2011, yahagaritse imirimo myinshi harimo n’iy’ubwikorezi ndetse igahagarika n’imikorere ya za gasutamo muri icyo gihugu. Izo telephone, zari mu bubiko ahantu runaka, kugeza ubwo zabonetse muri uku kwezi,zihita zohererezwa nyirazo.

Gusa igitangaje, ni uko uwo mucuruzi wari wazitumije n’uwazimushyikirije, bombi batuye mu Mujyi wa Tripoli, batandukanyijwe n’ibirometero bicyeya byonyine, nyamara byafashe imyaka 16 ngo bashobore guhererekanya uwo muzigo.

Kuva ubutegetsi bwa Muammar Gaddafi bwahiritswe mu 2011, Libya yakomeje kuba igihugu gicitsemo ibice, aho Guverinoma yemewe na Loni iri i Tripoli (Government of National Accord), iyobowe na Minisitiri w’Intebe Abdulhamid Dbeibah, hakaba n’ikindi gice cyo mu Burasirazuba kiyobowe na Jenerali Khalifa Haftar.

Iyo izaba ari Hoteli ya gatatu ya Aleph Hospitality muri Kigali, bikaba biteganyijwe ko izafungura muri Nyakanga 2027.

Ni Hoteli izubakwa muri Kacyiru, hafi ya Kigali Golf Club. Iyo hoteli kandi izaba igizwe n’ibyumba 60 byo kwakiriramo abashyitsi n’amacumbi 41(branded residences).
Izaba ifite n’ahantu habiri ho gufatira amafunguro n’ibyo kunywa, akabyiniro kameze neza, aho gukorera imyitozo ngororamubiri ndetse na pisine.

Daniel Mehari, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa DND Developers( sosiyete isanzwe ikora mu bijyanye no kubaka no kugurisha inzu n’amacumbi) , yagize ati: “Twishimiye gukorana na Aleph Hospitality mu gucunga ‘Best Western Premier -Royal Golf View, Kigali’, kuba basanzwe basobanukiwe cyane ibijyanye n’isoko ry’u Rwanda ndetse n’iryo mu Karere muri rusange, kongeraho ubunararibonye bwabo mu byo bakora, biraduha icyizere cy’ahazaza h’uyu mushinga, ko uzagenda neza”.

Bani Haddad, washinze Aleph Hospitality akaba n’Umuyobozi Mukuru wungirije (Co-CEO), we yagize ati: “Kubera ko biteganyijwe ko abashyitsi baza mu gihugu bazagera kuri miliyoni 1.65, ndetse n’umusanzu w’urwego rw’ubukerarugendo ku bukungu ukaziyongera ku kigero cya 13%, biragaragara ko mu Rwanda hakenewe cyane amacumbi yo ku rwego rwo hejuru”.
“Iyi hoteli izaba inyongera yihariye mu rwego rw’amahoteli muri Kigali, kandi twiyemeje gutanga serivisi zo ku rwego rwo hejuru ku bashyitsi batugana no guteza imbere imikorere myiza igirira akamaro ba nyirayo.”

Stefan Dubbeling, Umuyobozi Mukuru ushinzwe iterambere muri ‘EMEA’ (Sosiyete ikora ibajyanye na hoteli mu Burayi, mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati no muri Afurika), akaba n’Umuyobozi Mukuru w’amahoteli amwe yo mu Bwami bwa Arabiya Sawudite (BWH Hotels), nawe yashimye uko u Rwanda ruhagaze mu bijyanye n’amahoteli.

Yagize ati: “u Rwanda ni rimwe mu masoko atanga icyizere mu bijyanye no kwakira abantu, kandi Kigali ikomeje gukurura abashyitsi bo ku rwego mpuzamahanga. Hoteli ya Best Western Premier-Royal Golf View, Kigali izaba ishimangira uruhare rwacu mu byerekeye amahoteli yo ku rwego rwo hejuru muri kano Karere, inagaragaza ubushake bwacu bwo kwaguka dukorana n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye dufitiye icyizere”.

“Dufatanyije na Aleph Hospitality ndetse na DND Developers, twiteguye gutanga serivisi nziza kandi idasanzwe ku bashyitsi basura Umurwa mukuru w’u Rwanda”.

Ubwo bufatanye hagati y’izo sosiyete, ngo bugaragaza ubushake bwa Aleph Hospitality bwo gukomeza gushyigikira abateza imbere amahoteli muri Afurika, bikanajyana no kwaguka kwayo muri Afurika no mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati. Kugeza ubu, Aleph Hospitality ifite amahoteli 80 icunga, harimo 50 yamaze gutangira gukora n’andi 30 akirimo gutunganywa.

Mu mpera z’umwaka ushize wa 2025, nibwo indi mibiri 34 n’bice by’imirambo 102 byabonetse mu mudugudu wa Binzaro, mu bilometero 30 uvuye ahitwa i Shakahola, mu Burasirazuba bwa Kenya, ahatahuwe iyo mirambo 450 yabanje kuboneka.

Iperereza ry’ibanze ryagaragaje ko iyo mibiri 34 yabonetse iyo ihurijwe hamwe n’ibyo bice by’imirambo bitandukanye, byose hamwe byerekana imfu z’abantu 52. Polisi yo muri icyo gihugu ikaba ivuga ko ibikorwa by’aho muri Shakahola byakomeje nubwo Pasiteri Mackenzie yari afunze.

Mu bakekwaho kugira uruhare muri izo mfu z’abahoze ari abayoboke b’iryo torero ryo mu gace ka Binzaro, harimo Pasiteri Paul Mackenzie.

Mu itangazo ryasohowe n’ubushinjacyaha bw’aho muri Kenya, rigira riti, “hari ibimenyetso bifatika bishinja Paul Mackenzie, ukekwaho kuba yarateguye kandi akagenzura ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibyaha bitandukanye, akoresheje inyigisho ziyobya […] kugira ngo akurure abazahitanwa na zo bajyanwe i Binzaro”.

Abagenzacyaha banabonye inyandiko zanditse n’intoki, ziri mu cyumba Pasiteri Mackenzie afungiyemo, zivuga ku mikoranire ye n’abantu batandukanye n’amafaranga yakoreshejwe binyuze kuri telefone zigendanwa.

Nk’uko byagarutsweho n’itangazamakuru ryo muri Kenya, hari abayoboke bane bakomeje ibikorwa by’iryo torero, bagashaka abantu bajyanwa aho i Binzaro, byose babigenzura ku mabwiriza ya Pasiteri Paul Mackenzie wakomeje kubabwiriza kuri telefone ari aho afungiye.

Ubushinjacyaha bwa Kenya bwatangaje ko bushaka guhuza izo manza zombi. Mu rubanza rwa mbere, Pasiteri Paul Mackenzie asanzwe akurikiranyweho ibyaha birimo “ubwicanyi, kwica bitaturutse ku bushake, n’ikorwa ry’inyigisho z’ibinyoma ziyobya, ari zo zateye ikibazo gikomeye aho muri Shakahola”.

Mu rubanza rushya, Pasiteri Paul Mackenzie we n’abandi bafatanyacyaha bareganwa, nk’uko ubushinjacyaha bubivuga, bashinjwa ibyaha birimo kugira uruhare mu bikorwa by’iterabwoba byateguwe, gushyigikira ubuhezanguni bukabije, gufasha no gushyigikira ibikorwa by’iterabwoba no kwica.

Biteganyijwe ko Pasiteri Paul Mackenzie azitaba urukiko ku itariki 11 Gashyantare 2026, kugira ngo yiregure kuri ibyo byaha aregwa.

Pasiteri Paul Mackenzie, yari asanzwe ayobora itorero Good News International Church aho muri Kenya, nyuma aza gufatwa arafungwa ashinjwa kwicisha inzara abayoboke be bo mu gace ka Shakahola, abizeza ko nibisonzesha bagapfa mbere ya 2024, bazahita basanga Yesu mu ijuru, kuko bazaba biganye inzira Yesu yanyuze ubwe.

Pasiteri Paul Mackenzie yatawe muri yombi mu 2023, icyo gihe afunganwa n’abandi bantu 29 b’abafatanyacyaha, baregwa ubwicanyi, gufasha kwiyahura, no gushimuta abantu.

Guverinoma y’u Bufaransa kandi yashyizeho inzira yihuse yo kugira ngo iryo tegeko ritangire gukurikizwa guhera mu 2026. Iryo tegeko rigamije kurinda ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bw’abangavu, ribabuza gukoresha cyane cyane imbuga nkoranyambuga TikTok, Instagram na Snapchat.

Perezida Emmanuel Macron, yagaragaje ko ashyigikiye cyane iryo vugurura kuko rizaba ari ikimenyetso gikomeye n’intambwe ikomeye cyane mu kurinda abana.

Abinyijije ku rubuga rwa X yagize ati, “Kuko ubwonko bw’abana bacu butagurishwa. Ntabwo bugurishwa ku mbuga z’Abanyamerika, kandi ntibugurishwa ku mbuga z’Abashinwa.”

Uwo mushinga w’itegeko watowe n’abadepite ku majwi 130, mu gihe 21 bo batawutoye, ikizakurikiraho ni uko usuzumwa na Sena mu byumweru bikeya biri imbere, nk’uko byatangajwe na Minisitiri ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga Anne Le Hénanff.

Uwahoze ari Minisitiri w’Intebe mu Bufaransa, akaba n’umuyobozi w’abadepite ba Renaissance, Gabriel Attal, yatangije ko yishimiye kuba u Bufaransa bufunguye inzira muri urwo rwego rwo kurinda abana.

Iryo tegeko kandi nirimara kwemezwa ryemejwe burundu, u Bufaransa buzaba bubaye igihugu cya kabiri gishyizeho amategeko akakaye ku bana bato, nyuma ya Australia yabujije imbuga nkoranyambaga ku bana bari munsi y’imyaka 16 , guhera mu ntangiriro z’ukwezi k’Ukuboza 2025.

Guverinoma ishaka ko iryo tegeko ritorwa byihuse, rigatangira kubahirizwa mu mwaka w’amashuri wa 2026, kandi hakazashyirwaho uburyo bukomeye bwo kugenzura imyaka ku bakoresha izo mbuga bose, bitarenze itariki ya 1 Mutarama 2027, nk’uko Minisitiri Le Hénanff yabivuze.

Itegeko riteganya ko “kwinjira kuri serivisi z’imbuga nkoranyambaga zitangwa n’urubuga rw’ikoranabuhanga bibujijwe ku bana bari munsi y’imyaka 15”.

Ariko hari zimwe mu mbuga z’uburezi zitazabujijwe. “Serivisi z’ubutumwa bwihariye hagati y’abantu” nka WhatsApp nazo ntizirebwa n’iryo tegeko, nk’uko byatangajwe na Depite Laure Miller, watanze uwo mushinga.

Imbuga nkoranyambaga nka TikTok, Snapchat na Instagram, zimaze kuba ikintu gikomeye mu buzima bw’abangavu, kandi ngo zigira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwabo bwo mu mutwe, nk’uko byatangajwe n’Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’u Bufaransa gishinzwe umutekano w’ubuzima (Anses) mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi kwa Mutarama 2026.

Ingaruka zivugwa zirimo, ihohoterwa rikorerwa kuri murandasi, kwigereranya buri gihe n’abandi, no guhura n’ibindi bikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi, ndetse no kuba bitwara imitima y’abana bigatuma basinzira nabi.

Tariki 27 Mutarama 2026, Perezida Samia Suluhu Hassan azaba amaze imyaka 66, kuko yavutse mu 1960, avukira muri ako gace Kizimkazi mu Ntara ya Unguja muri Zanzibar.

Madamu Samia Suluh Hassan ni Perezida wa gatandatu uyoboye Tanzania, aho yagiye ku butegetsi tariki 19 Werurwe 2021, nyuma y’urupfu rwa John Pombe Magufuli, ajya ku butegetsi agiye kurangiza manda ye, nk’uko biteganywa n’itegeko nshinga rya Tanzania. Yongeye gutorerwa kuyobora Tanzania ku nshuro ya Kabiri ku itariki 3 Ugushyingo 2025.

Kuri uyu wa Kane tariki 22 Mutarama 2026, ni bwo ushinzwe itumanaho muri perezidansi ya Tanzania, Bakari Machumu, yasohoye itangazo ry’iyo gahunda yo gutera ibiti ifite insanganyamatsiko igira iti “Gukunda igihugu ni ukurinda ibidukikije. Gira uruhare mu gutera ibiti”.

Uwo muyobozi yavuze ko ibyo biri mu rwego rwa gahunda y’igihugu yo kwita no
kubungabunga ibidukikije, harimo gutera ibiti, kurinda ibishanga, n’ibindi byanya bikomye mu rwego rwo gushobora gukomeza guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere.

Yagize ati “Perezida wa Repubulika arahamagarira abatanzania bose kugira umuco wo kurida ibidukikije, bakamenya ko ibidukikije ari inkingi ikomeye mu buzima, iterambere n’umutekano w’igihugu”.

Uwo mugabo witwa Tetsuya Yamagami yahise afatirwa aho yakoreye icyo gikorwa cy’ubwicanyi muri Nyakanga 2022 nyuma yo kurasa Shinzo Abe akoresheje imbunda yakoze ubwe, amwica mu gihe yarimo ageza ku baturage imbwirwaruhame yo kwiyamamaza mu Mujyi wa Nara, mu Burengerazuba bw’icyo gihugu. Icyo gihe, Shinzo Abe, wari warabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe w’u Buyapani igihe kirekire, yari afite imyaka 67.

Umwanzuro w’urukiko mu rubanza rwa Yamagami, watangaje ko ari we wishe Shinzo Abe, nyuma abari bitabiriye iburanisha mu rukiko rwa Nara, basigara bahanze amaso uburemere bw’igihano azahabwa.

Mu isomwa ry’urubanza, umucamanza Shinichi Tanaka yavuze uko kurasa umuyobozi, ari “igikorwa kigayitse cyane” kandi ko “biragaragara ko gukoresha imbunda mu mbaga y’abantu ari icyaha gikomeye cyane kandi giteye ikibazo”.

Ubushinjacyaha bwasabye ko akatirwa igifungo cya burundu, buvuga ko kurasa umuyobozi gutyo, ari “igikorwa gikomeye cyane kitigeze kibaho mu mateka y’u Buyapani nyuma y’intambara”.

Abunganira uregwa muri urwo rubanza, bo baburanye basaba ko yahabwa igihano gito kitarenze imyaka 20, bagaragaza ko ibibazo byo mu muryango bifitanye isano n’Itorero rya ‘Unification Church’ ari byo byamushishikarije gukora ubwo bwicanyi.

Nubwo atari akiri ku buyobozi nka Minisitiri w’intebe icyo gihe, Shinzo Abe yari agifite ijambo rikomeye kandi ari umuyobozi ukomeye mu ishyaka riri ku butegetsi, Liberal Democratic Party (LDP). Urupfu rwe rwasize icyuho gikomeye mu ishyaka.

Shinzo Abe yayoboye manda ebyiri zitandukanye, aza kuva ku butegetsi muri Nzeri 2020, avuga ko abitewe n’ibibazo by’ubuzima butameze neza. Uwo yigishije witwa Sanae Takaichi, ubu ni we uyoboye u Buyapani n’Ishyaka ‘LDP’, ariko imbaraga z’iryo shyaka riri ku butegetsi zaragabanutse cyane.

Itangazamakuru ryatangaje ko Yamagami yabwiye urukiko ko yari afitiye inzika itorero rya ‘Unification Church’ nyuma y’uko nyina atanze amaturo menshi cyane yateje umuryango wabo ubukene, maze akagirira umujinya Shinzo Abe, yari yarigeze kohereza ubutumwa bwa videwo mu birori byateguwe n’itsinda rifitanye isano n’iryo torero.

Uretse abantu bamaze gusiga ubuzima muri iyo nkongi, hari n’inzu, imodoka n’inzu byibasiwe nayo birashya birakongoka nk’uko byatangajwe n’ubuyobozi bw’agace kitwa Concepción kamwe mu twibasiwe cyane n’iyo nkongi.

Perezida Gabriel Boric wa Chili yatangaje ibihe bidasanzwe (état d’urgence) guhera ku wa 18 Mutarama 2026 mu turere tubiri two mu majyepfo y’icyo gihugu ahibasiwe n’inkongi cyane.

Perezida Gabriel Boric kandi kumwe n’abandi bayobozi bakuru b’icyo gihugu, yagiye mu mujyi wa Concepción gukurikirana ibikorwa byo kuzimya inkongi, ndetse ashyira isaha ntarengwa yo gutaha mu masaha y’ijoro.

Ni inkongi, bivugwa ko zongerewe imbaraga cyane n’ubushyuhe bwinshi ndetse n’imiyaga ikaze mu Turere twa Ñuble na Biobio, duherereye mu bilometero 500 mu majyepfo y’Umujyi wa Santiago.

Aho iyo nkongi irimo kugera, nta kintu gisigara inyuma uretse ivu, ibisate by’amabati, ibiti byahiye, n’umwuka uhumanye cyane ku buryo bigoye kuwuhumeka.

Minisitiri w’Umutekano muri Chili, Luis Cordero, yatangaje ko izo nkongi ziganje cyane mu karere ka Biobio, anavuga ko abantu basaga 50 000 bamaze kwimurwa bakava mu byabo mu rwego rwo gukiza ubuzima bwabo.

Matias Cid, umunyeshuri w’imyaka 25 wo muri Penco, aganira n’Ibiro ntaramakuru by’Abafaransa AFP Yagize ati: “Saa munani n’igice z’ijoro, umuriro wari wamaze kutugeraho, habanje umuyaga mwinshi wahuhaga amazu akanyeganyega, umuriro wihutaga cyane ku buryo twahunganye imyenda twari twambaye gusa. Ntekereza ko iyo tuhatinda indi minota 20, twari gupfa tuzize inkongi.”

Alejandro Arredondo, w’imyaka 57 nawe utuye aho hibasiwe n’inkongi, yavuze ati: “Inkongi yagiye mu masegonda make, yibasira uturere twinshi. Abantu benshi bahunze berekeza ku nyanja kugira ngo barokoke” .

Esteban Krause, umuyobozi w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Amashyamba (Conaf) muri ako gace ka Biobio, yavuze ko ikirere kimeze nabi cyane, ibyo bikaba byatije umurindi inkongi ku buryo itakiri ku rwego rwo kumywa n’abantu bisanzwe, hakenewe imbaraga zidasanzwe.

Mu turere twibasiwe kandi, hateganyijwe ubushyuhe burenze dogere 30, n’imiyaga ikaze mu masaha ari imbere, nk’uko byemezwa na Minisitiri w’Umutekano w’Imbere mu Gihugu, Alvaro Elizalde, wavuze ko ubushyuhe bukabije bushobora gutuma hapfa abandi bantu mu masaha y’ijoro.

Icyateye inkongi ntikiramenyekana, ariko ubugenzacyaha bwatangiye gukora iperereza mu rwego rwo kumenya niba nta bantu bayitangije ku bushake, ariko kugeza ubu, abantu 3 700 nibo bari mu bikorwa byo kurwanya iyo nkongi.

Perezida Gabriel Boric abinyujije ku rubuga rwa X yatangaje ko n’inzego z’umutekano harimo ingabo z’igihugu, nabo bagomba kuza muri ibyo bikorwa byo kuzimya uwo muriro.

Yagize ati, “Kubera inkongi zikomeye ziri kuba, nahisemo gutangaza ibihe bidasanzwe mu turere twa Ñuble na Biobio, kugira ngo ubutabazi bukorwe neza. Ibikoresho byose birahari.”

Uwahoze ari perezida wa Brazil Jair Bolsonaro, yoherejwe muri gereza agiye gufungirwamo imyaka 27, icyo kikaba ari igihano yakatiwe, nyuma y’uko urukiko rumuhamije icyaha cyo gutegura umugambi wo guhirirka ubutegetsi wamupfubanye.

Jair Bolsonaro w’imyaka 70 yahamijwe icyaha cyo kugerageza guhirika ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva wari watsinze amatora y’Umukuru w’igihugu yabaye mu 2022, aho yari yamurushije amajwi, maze akagerageza kuguma ku butegetsi, yanga ibyavuye mu matora.

Urukiko rwatangaje ko iyo gereza Bolsonaro agiye gufungirwamo, akazayirangirizamo igihano yakatiwe, azayisangamo ibintu bimworohereza ubuzima nk’umuntu uri mu zabukuru.

Babinyujije ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, umuryango wa Bolsonaro wakunze kwinubira uko yari afungiye mu cyumba gito kiri ku cyicaro cya polisi, bavuga ko gihoramo urusaku rukabije rw’icyuma gitanga umuyaga (air conditioner), n’ibiribwa bidakwiye.

Umucamanza w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, Alexandre de Moraes, yamaganiye kure icyo gikorwa cyo "guharabika ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryemewe n’amategeko ry’igihano cyo gufungwa muri gereza.”

Mu mwanzuro we, yasobanuye mu mapaji menshi uko ubuzima bumeze nabi muri za gereza za Brazil kuko zuzuyemo abantu, ashimangira ko Bolsonaro we afungiye mu buryo butuma ahabwa umwihariko ugereranyije n’izindi mfungwa.

Yagize ati, “abinubira uko afunzwe, ibyo bisa no gusaba ko igifungo cya Bolsonaro gihindurwa, akajya nko kuba mu mahoteli cyangwa ahantu ho kuruhukira.”

Aho ku cyicaro cya Polisi i Brasilia, Bolsonaro afungiye mu cyumba gifite metero kare 12 kirimo televiziyo, firigo n’icyuma gitanga umuyaga.

Yoherejwe muri gereza ya Papuda, nayo iri mu murwa mukuru wa Brazil, aho azafungirwa mu gice cyihariye gifite ubunini bukubye inshuro eshanu icyumba yari afungiyemo, kirimo igikoni, ahantu ho hanze hihariye n’igitanda cy’abantu babiri, nk’uko byatangajwe n’urukiko.

Umucamanza Moraes yavuze ko Bolsonaro afungiye “ahantu hihariyee, atavanzwe n’abandi bafungwa bo muri iyo gereza.”

Abinyijije ku rubuga rwa X, umwe mu bahungu b’uwahoze Bolsonaro, Carlos Bolsonaro, yashinje umucamanza Moraes ‘ubugome’ anenga uko yahaye umubyeyi we igihano cyo gufungirwa ahantu hagoye ho muri iyo gereza.

Abunganira Bolsonaro mu mategeko bagerageje gusaba ko yemererwa gufungirwa mu rugo kubera impamvu z’ubuzima bwe butameze neza, ariko biranga.

Bolsonaro yabanje gufungirwa mu rugo mbere y’uko igihano cye gitangira kubahirizwa ku mugaragaro nk’uko byari bikubiye mu mwanzuro w’urukiko.

Yatangiye gufungirwa kuri Polisi no kwimurirwa muri gereza, nyuma yo gufata icyuma cyo gusudira agashaka gukata igikomo yari yarashyizwe ku kuguru kimukurikirana kugira ngo atarenga urugo rwe, ibyo urukiko rwafashe nk’igerageza ryo gutoroka.

Uwo musore atuye mu Mujyi wa Ichibara, mu Ntara ya Chiba mu Buyapani, yatawe muri yombi aregwa icyaha cyo kugerageza kwica umuntu, nyuma yo gukekwaho gukatakata uduce duto duto two ku giti kitwa ‘oleander’ ubundi gifatwa nk’ururabo kuko kigira indabyo nziza zirimo izitukura, umweru n’izindi.

Ariko icyo giti kinafatwa nk’uburozi ku buzima bw’abantu ku buryo ukiriye aba ashobora kurwara cyane cyangwa se akaba yanapfa mu gihe adatabawe vuba, ngo agezwe kwa muganga. Icyamuteye gukora ibyo ngo ni ukunanirwa gukomeza kwihanganira urusaku rwo kugona k’uwo nyirarume kandi babana mu nzu, bikagera aho yumva nta kindi yakora.

Polisi yatangaje ko uwo mugabo warusimbutse, mu gihe yari agiye gufata ifunguro rye rya ku manywa, yumvise ibyo kurya byahinduye icyanga cyabyo gisanzwe, ahita yihutira gucira ibyo yari amaze gutamira.

Gusa bidatinze, yahise atangira kugaragaza ibimenyetso birimo kokera mu kanwa n’uburibwe bukabije mu nda, bituma ajyanwa kwa muganga byihutirwa. Isuzuma ryakozwe ku mafunguro yari ari ku isahani yari yateguriwe ryagaragaje ko yari arimo uburozi bwinshi ‘oleandrin’ bukomoka kuri icyo giti, ku buryo bushobora no kwica umuntu.

Uwo musore akimara gufatwa, mu gihe cyo kubazwa icyamuteye gukora icyo gikorwa, ubwe ngo yibwiriye abagenzacyaha ko yabikoze abigambiriye rwose kuko yari arambiwe.

Yagize ati, “Sinashoboraga gukomeza kwihanganira urusaku rukabije rwo kugona kwa marume, ni yo mpamvu nafashe icyemezo cyo kumwica.”

Nyuma yo kurogwa na mwishywa we, ku bw’amahirwe, uwo mugabo w’imyaka 53, ubusanzwe wikorera ku giti cye, yafashijwe n’abaganga, bamufasha gusohora ubwo burozi mu mubiri bushiramo arakira neza.

Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’ikinyamakuru cyo mu Burusiya kitwa 72.RU. Uwo muyobozi yavuze ko umugabo wo muri ako gace akoreramo, ahinduranya amazina ye yose buri mwaka, yaba izina ry’umuryango, izina ryo mu idini ndetse n’irya Se , ibyo byose akabikora agamije kwiyoberanya kugira ngo hatagira umwishyuza indezo z’umwana we.

Iyo hashiraga umwaka ahinduye izina, uwo mugabo utaratangajwe amazina ye nyakuri, yongeraga gusubira ku izina rye rya mbere, undi mwaka wataha akongera akabihindura bityo bityo, akabikora mu rwego rwo kuyobya abashinzwe kwishyuza indezo, no gusiba umwenda w’ibyo yagombye guha umwana.

Ntabwo imyaka yamaze yihisha abo bashinzwe kwishyuza indezo, ariko amaherezo izo mbaraga ze zose ashyira mu guhunga inshingano zaje kuba impfabusa.

Korenev yagize ati: “ Uko ibintu bisigaye bimeze ubu, iyo umuntu ahinduye izina, ibiro by’irangamimerere bihita bitanga ayo makuru ku bashinzwe kwishyuza indezo, bityo ufite umwenda w’indezo atarishyura, ntibigishoboka kuwikuraho hakoreshejwe ubu buryo.”

Uretse guhindura amazina, uwo mugabo ngo yakoze n’ibindi bintu biteye ubwoba mu rwego rwo kwirinda ko yatanga indezo asabwa yo kwita ku mwana we, harimo nko kugaragaraza ko yapfuye, no guhimba ibisubizo bitari ukuri ku isuzuma ry’isano iri hagati y’abantu bagendewe ku kizamini cya (AND/ADN).

Gusa nyuma yo gutahurwa k’uwo mugabo ngo byaje kugaragara ko afite imitungo igizwe n’inzu ebyiri, bisaba ko imwe ikaba igomba gutezwa cyamunara (foreclosure), kugira ngo hishyurwe umwenda afitiye umwana.

Roman Korenev, yakomeje avuga ko muri ako gace ka Tyumen harimo abagabo bakora ibintu bidasanzwe mu rwego rwo guhunga inshingano zo gutanga indezo zo gufasha abana baba barabyaye, bagakoresha n’amayeri atamenyerewe harimo undi nawe ngo wigeze gutangaza ko atinya cyane gusohoka hanze y’inzu ye(agoraphobia) akabikora agamije kugira ngo abo babuza bashinzwe kwishyuza indezo batinjira iwe.

Uwo mwana ubu nta burenganzira afite bwo kuba yahabwa icyemezo cy’amavuko ndetse ntashobora no gushyirwa ku rutonde rw’abana bahabwa inkingo, mu gihe ubu amaze umwaka urenga avutse, bitewe n’uko ababyeyi be bananiwe kumvikana ku izina rye.

Urukiko rwo mu Karere ka Pudong New Area muri Shanghai ruburanisha urubanza rwa gatanya rw’abo b bashakanye, rwagaragaje ko basezeranye mu 2023 nyuma bakaza kugira amahirwe yo kubyarana umwana w’umuhungu mu mpera za 2024.

Gusa ibyishimo byo kuba ababyeyi ntibyatinze, kuko ibintu byatangiye kuba bibi mu mubano wabo, bitewe n’uko bananiwe kumvikana ku izina ry’uwo mwana. Buri wese yashakaga ko umwana ahabwa izina yifuza, ariko biranga.

Ibimenyetso byatanzwe mu rukiko byagaragaje ko buri wese yagiye ku bitaro wenyine atabwiye mugenzi we, ajyanywe no kugerageza kwandikisha izina ashaka ku mwana batebyeranyaho, ariko nta n’umwe wigeze yemerwa kwandikisha izina ashaka aho ku bitaro, kubera ko ubwo buryo butari kuba bwujuje ibiteganywa n’amategeko.

Umucamanza uburanisha urwo rubanza yagize ati: “Umwana arengeje umwaka umwe avutse, ariko nta n’icyemezo cy’amavuko agira. Ntashobora kwandikishwa mu irangamimerere ry’umuryango, kandi no kubona inkingo biramugora.”

Urukiko rwashimangiye ko icyemezo cy’amavuko ari ingenzi cyane mu buvuzi no mu buzima bw’umwana muri rusange, kuko gifasha gutuma abona umwirondoro wemewe n’amategeko. Iyo ababyeyi batinze kucyaka bitewe n’amakimbirane yabo bwite, bigira ingaruka ku burenganzira bw’umwana muto, kandi ababyeyi bombi bagomba kubibazwa.

Rwibukije kandi ababyeyi ko badakwiye gukoresha abana babo nk’ibikoresho mu makimbirane n’amarangamutima yabo, cyangwa gukoresha ubwimvakane bucye bafitanye nk’urwitwazo rwo guhunga inshingano zabo zo kurera no kurinda abana.

Mu rwego rwo kurengera uburenganzira bw’ibanze bw’uwo mwana muto, urukiko rwasohoye itangazo ryihariye ryiswe “Itangazo ryo kwita ku bana bato,” risaba ababyeyi bombi kumvikana kugira ngo babone icyemezo cy’amavuko mu gihe cyagenwe.

Gusa,hahise havuka ikindi kibazo, batangira kongera guterana amagambo ku bijyanye n’ugomba kubika inyandiko z’umwimerere z’umwana. Nyuma y’imbaraga nyinshi zo kunga impande zombi, hafashwe umwanzuro w’uko icyemezo cy’amavuko cy’umwana cyabikwa by’agateganyo n’urukiko, hanyuma kikazahabwa umubyeyi w’umugore kugira ngo ashobore gukora ibiteganywa n’itegeko byo kwandikisha umwana mu irangamimerere.

Urwo rubanza rudasanzwe rwa gatanya rwakwirakwiye cyane ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zo mu Bushinwa, bituma bamwe bavuga ko burya n’ikintu gito, gishobora gusenya urugo.

Umwe muri abo yanditse agira ati, “Abashakanye bameze nk’aba ntibakwiye kubyara abana.”

Undi na we yagize ati: “Ni indangare gusa. Izina ntiryagombye kuba ikibazo, barimo kudindiza ubuzima bw’umwana, ntibakwiye kuba ababyeyi”.

Uwo mwarimukazi utuye mu Ntara ya North Rhine-Westphalia mu Budage yagejeje ikirego mu rukiko nyuma y’uko umukoresha we atangiye gukemanga ukuri kwe, kubera igihe kirekire yari amaze adakora, akamusaba kwipimisha kwa muganga.

Muri rusange yari amaze imyaka 16 mu kiruhuko cy’uburwayi, kandi muri icyo gihe cyose ntiyigeze agera mu kazi ke na rimwe, aho yigishaga ku ishuri ry’imyuga riri ahitwa i Wesel, nyamara yakomeje guhembwa umushahara we wose.

Hakurikijwe amategeko y’u Budage, abarimu bafatwa nk’abakozi ba Leta, ariko bahabwa amahirwe yihariye, harimo no guhembwa umushahara wose igihe cyose bari mu kiruhuko cy’uburwayi kidafite igihe kizarangirira (indefinite sick leave).

Nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru kitwa Die Welt cyo mu Budage, umwarimukazi wigisha muri North Rhine-Westphalia aba ahembwa Amayero 6.174 (Amadorari 7.200) ku kwezi, ayo akaba ari hafi Amayero 72.000 (Amadorari 84.000) ku mwaka.

Muri make, yari amaze guhembwa asaga Miliyoni 1 y’Amayero (Amadorari 1.166.000) mu myaka 16 yamaze mu kiruhuko cy’uburwayi.

Ikibazo cye cyamenyekanye mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka wa 2026 nyuma y’impinduka zabaye mu buyobozi bw’ishuri. Mu igenzura ryakozwe n’urwego rushinzwe kugenzura amashuri, byagaragaye ko uwo mwarimu yajyaga atanga impapuro zemeza uburwayi (medical certificates) buri kwezi, ariko mu by’ukuri uburwayi bwe butarigeze busuzumwa n’umuganga wemewe.

Hagati aho, urukiko rwemeje ko umukoresha afite uburenganzira busesuye bwo gusaba umukozi kwerekana ibimenyetso by’uburwayi, nubwo byaba byaratinze. Urukiko kandi rwanategetse uwo mwarimu kwishyura amagarama y’urubanza angana n’Amayero 2.500 (Amadorari 2.915).

Amategeko y’u Budage ateganya ko abarimu bari mu kiruhuko cy’uburwayi badashobora gusimbuzwa. Gusa ikibazo cy’uwo mwarimukazi cyateje impaka nyinshi kuko uretse kuba yarakomeje guhembwa umushahara we wose, iperereza ryagaragaje ko yanashinze ivuriro rito (medical startup) mu gihe yari ari muri icyo kiruhuko cy’uburwayi kirekire.

Ibyo bifatwa nko kurenga bikomeye ku mategeko, kandi mu ngaruka ashobora guhura nazo nibimara kwemezwa ko yabeshye, ngo harimo gutakaza uburenganzira bwe bwose nk’umukozi wa Leta, gutakaza umushahara we ndetse ntahabwe ibigenerwa abageze mu zabukuru (pansiyo).

Impuguke mu by’amategeko y’aho mu Budage, Ralf Delgmann yabwiye itangazamakuru ko umwanzuro w’icyo kibazo kidasanzwe uzashingira ku bisubizo by’isuzuma rya muganga, ariko bishoboka ko uwo mwarimukazi azategekwa gusubiza amafaranga yose yahembwe mu myaka 16 yamaze mu kiruhuko cy’uburwayi.

Asanga bizaba bigoye cyane ko hari umuganga uwo ari we wese wagaragaza ko yarwaye muri icyo gihe cyose yamaze adakora.

Umugabo w’Umutaliyani w’imyaka 42 y’amavuko, yatamajwe mu buryo butateguwe, biturutse ku mashusho yo kwamamaza resitora yashyizwe ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa TikTok yamugaragaje ko atari indahemuka ku mugore we.

Uwo mugabo wo mu gace kitwa Sicile yatanze ikirego mu rukiko, arega resitora yamugaragaje mu mashusho yo kwamamaza yo mu buryo bwa videwo yashyizwe kuri TikTok, kandi nta ruhushya yabitangiye.

Icyakora, urwo rubanza rwagize uburemere cyane, bitewe n’uko ayo mashusho yashyizwe kuri TikTok yabonwe n’umugore we maze bigatuma urugo rwabo rusenyuka.

Ayo mashusho ni yo ngo yakoreshejwe nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko yamucaga inyuma, kubera izo mpamvu, uwo mugabo akaba arega iyo resitora ayishinja kwivanga mu buzima bwe bwite no kubangamira uburenganzira bwe.

Ntabwo bizwi neza, niba uwo mugore wababajwe cyane no kumenya ko umugabo we amuca inyuma, ari we ubwe wiboneye ayo mashusho kuri TikTok ayaguyeho gutyo gusa, cyangwa se niba yarayeretswe n’undi waba yarayabonye mbere ye akayamwoherereza.

Gusa, icy’ingenzi kizwi, ni uko yamubonye ari kumwe n’undi mugore atazi aho muri resitora, nyamara yari yamubwiye ko yagiye mu gikorwa cyo gusangira na bagenzi be bakorana mu kazi.

Kubera kumva yasuzuguwe ndetse agahemukirwa n’umugabo ku mugaragaro, uwo mugore yafashe icyemezo cyo guhagarika iby’urukundo no kutazongera kubana mu rugo nk’umugore n’umugabo.

Mu gihe uwo mugabo yamenyaga ko umugore we yamuvumbuye kuri iyo myitwarire mibi, binyuze mu kureba amashusho yo kwamamaza resitora, yahise afata icyemezo cyo kugana inkiko, ashinja ba nyiri iyo resitora ko bahutaje uburenganzira bwe bwo kubaho mu buzima bwite.

‘Codacons’, umuryango wo mu Butaliyani uharanira uburenganzira bw’abaguzi ni wo uhagarariye uwo mugabo mu rubanza.

Francesco Tanasi, umuvugizi wa Codacons, yagize ati:
“Ntibyemewe na gato ko resitora ifata amashusho y’abakiriya bayo itabiherewe uruhushya rugaragara, hanyuma ikayatangaza, bigashyira abantu mu ngaruka zitateganyijwe. Nk’uko byagenze kuri uyu mugabo, hari ubwo, gutangaza amashusho bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye cyane ku buzima bwite bw’umuntu no ku mibanire y’umuryango we.”

Codacons irimo gusaba indishyi mu izina ry’umukiliya wayo, ariko kandi inashaka gutanga ikirego mu kigo cy’u Butaliyani gishinzwe kurengera amakuru yihariye y’abantu. Urwo rubanza rushobora kuzagira ingaruka zikomeye ku bijyanye no kubaha ubuzima bwite bw’abantu, cyane cyane mu byerekeye kwamamaza.

Abashinjacyaha bavuze ko, uwo mugabo utatangajwe amazina, wari ushinzwe kwita ku barwayi barembye cyane cyane abageze mu zabukuru, yabateraga imiti myinshi igabanya ububabare cyangwa iyabasinzirizaga, agamije kwiyorohereza akazi ke mu masaha y’ijoro.

Ibyaha yahamijwe yabikoze mu myaka ibiri, hagati y’Ukuboza 2024 na Gicurasi 2025 mu bitaro byo mu Mujyi wa Würselen, mu Burengerazuba bw’u Budage.

Abashinzwe iperereza bemeza ko nubu bagisuzuma izindi dosiye nyinshi, kubera ko bikekwa ko hashobora hari ibindi byaha yaba yarakoze mu mwuga we, bityo ko hashobora kuzabaho urundi rubanza, mu gihe hazaba hamaza gukusanywa ibindi bimenyetso.

Nk’uko byatangajwe n’ibiro ntaramakuru by’Abafaransa (AFP), uwo mugabo yatangiye gukorera muri Würselen kuva mu 2020, nyuma yo kurangiza amahugurwa y’ubuforomo mu 2007.

Abashinjacyaha babwiye urukiko rwo mu Mujyi wa Aachen ko uwo muforomo yagaragazaga kurakara cyane no kutagira impuhwe ku barwayi babaga basaba kwitabwaho cyane.

Urukiko rwabwiwe ko yateraga abarwayi urugero runini rwa ‘morufine’ na ‘midazolam’, ubwo bukaba ari bwoko bw’umuti usinziriza, akabikora agamije kwiyorohereza no kwirinda kuvunika mu gihe yabaga yaraye izamu.

Mu gihe cyo kuburana, uwo muforomo w’imyaka 44 ngo yireguye agira ati, " Nashakaga gukorera abarwayi ibintu byiza. Abarwayi bakwiye gusinzira, kubera ko ibitotsi ni wo muti mwiza kurusha indi uko byagenda kose”.

Yakomeje avuga ko atari azi ko iyo miti yateraga abo barwayi, yateza akaga ku buzima bwabo, kuko ngo nta mugambi mubi yari abafiteho.

Urukiko rwamukatiye igifungo cya burundu, nyuma yo kuvuga ko ahamwa n’ibyaha bifite uburemere budasanzwe, kuko yishe abantu kandi yari ashinzwe kwita ku buzima bwabo.

Abashinjacyaha bavuze ko hakozwe isesengura ry’imirambo yatabaruwe (exhumations) hagamijwe kumenya uburyo bahohotewemo, kandi isuzuma riracyakomeza.

Umuvugizi wa Polisi y’Igihugu, ishami rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda, SP Kayigi Emmanuel, mu kiganiro kuri KT Radio

Yagize ati “ni yo mpamvu iyo tuganira, tuba twubwira abantu tuti nimugerageze dufatanye,ubufatanye nibwo tuba dusaba, kuko buri wese ashyizemo ake,buri wese akoze ibyo agomba gukora impanuka zagabanuka. Ntabwo impanuka wazica 100% ngo uvuge ngo zirarangiye, ni na yo mpamvu zitwa impanuka,…”.

Agaruka ku ruhare rwa buri wese mu rwego rwo kugabanya impanuka, SP Kayigi yavuze ko mu mpanuka zabaye ku munsi mukuru wa Noheli hagaragayemo izahitanye abana babiri harimo n’ufite imyaka ibiri wagonzwe n’imodoka yambukiranya umuhanda.

Bivuze ko aho harimo uburangare bw’ababyeyi, nubwo hazamo n’uruhare rw’abatwara ibinyabiziga, kuko ubundi basabwa kugenda ku muvuduko muto cyane cyane iyo bageze ahari abantu benshi kugira ngo banahuye n’ikibazo bahagarike ikinyabiziga mu buryo bworoshye, ariko yemeza ko hakiri ikibazo cy’imyumvire y’abantu bagikorera ku jisho, bikaba intandaro y’impanuka hamwe na hamwe.

Avuga ku mutekano wo mu muhanda, uko wari wifashe mu minsi mikuru ya Noheli n’Ubunani, yavuze ko nka Polisi batangiye hakiri kare, bigisha abantu, kugira ngo umwanya wo kwishima ntube impamvu yo gukora amakosa ashobora no kuvamo ibyago bitwara ubuzima.

Yagize ati “Twari twagerageje kubitangira mbere, twereka abantu uko bagomba kwitwara, turabibutsa, kuko tuzi ko abantu babizi, tubwira abantu tuti nta gutwara wanyoye ibisindisha, nta kuba uri mu muhanda ngo umupolisi aguhagarike wange guhagarara, nta kuba wishimye ngo noneho ibyishimo bigutere kurangara ku buryo ushobora gukora impanuka cyangwa se ukaba wafungwa, ukarangiriza iyo minsi mikuru urimo kwishimira muri gereza”.

Hakenewe ubufatanye bwa buri wese mu kugabanya impanuka

SP Kayigi yanenze abatwara za moto bagize imyitwarire itari myiza ku Bunani, yo kugenda bakuba ibyuma moto zihagararaho mu muhanda kugira ngo haze ibishashi bisa n’umuriro nijoro, avuga ko nubwo nta mpanuka byateje uwo munsi, ariko ko ubwo atari uburyo bukwiye bwo kugaragaza ibyishimo, kuko haba hashyizweho uburyo bwo guturitsa ibishashi (fireworks) mu rwego rwo kwishimira uwo munsi mukuru.

Ku kibazo cy’abashoferi batwara abagenzi mu buryo bwa rusange cyane cyane mu bice by’icyaro bahagurutsa imodoka abagenzi bataricara neza, SP Kayigi yavuze ko Polisi idahwema kwigisha ko ibyaha bidakwiye, ikabikora binyuze mu bukangurambaga bwa ‘Turindane Tugereyo Amahoro’ abashoferi bakibutswa ko ugeze ku cyapa akuramo abagenzi aba agomba kubanza kureba niba umuntu yavuyemo neza akongera agafunga imodoka akabona kugenda.

Yibukije ko gutanga amakuru ku bijyanye n’umutekano wo mu muhanda bitareba umuntu runaka gusa, ahubwo bireba buri wese, ku buryo n’umushoferi ukora amakosa mu muhanda adategereza ko hari aho aza gusanga polisi ku muhanda gusa, ahubwo akaba azi ko n’abagenzi atwaye mu modoka na bo ari abapolisi. Ibyo byose yemeza ko ari byo bizafasha mu kugabanya impanuka kuko kuzigabanya bisaba gukorana n’abaturage.

Yagize ati “Niba utwawe na moto, ntukemere ko umumotari agutwara uko yishakiye, ngo agende agute mu modoka kandi wabirebereye…rero turashaka gukomeza gukorana n’abaturage, mu rwego rwo kuzamura imyumvire, hagamijwe kugira ngo tugabanye impanuka zibe nke, impanuka zitwara abantu, niba tuvuga ngo ku munsi mukuru wa Bonane habaye ebyiri, ubutaha uyu mwaka turimo nurangira tuzavuge ngo nta mpanuka n’imwe yabaye”.

Ikibazo cyaje kugaragara ubwo indangamuntu y’uwo mukecuru wari warapfuye yari irangiye (expired ), kandi kuyongeresha bisaba ko nyirayo aba ahibereye ubwe.

Uwo muhungu w’imyaka 57 y’amavuko yakoze uko ashoboye kugira ngo bigaragare ko ari we, yisiga ibintu nk’ibyo nyina yisigaga ’maquillages’, yiyambika imisatsi igurwa(wig) y’umukara ijya gusa n’iya nyina.

Yambaye n’imyambaro ya nyakwigendera maze ajya ku biro bishinzwe kongera indangamuntu z’abari abakozi ba Leta.

Gusa ahageze, ku bw’ibyago bye, umukozi wakiriye dosiye ye,yaketse ko harimo uburiganya, kubera uko yamubonye, afite ubwoya bwinshi ku maboko no ku ijosi ku buryo nta mugore wabugira.

Yanarebye kandi ukuntu yagendaga yemye kandi inyandiko zigaragaza ko afite imyaka 82 y’amavuko,bituma amenyesha inzego zibishinzwe zongera guhamagaza uwo mugabo wari wiyise Madamu Dall’Oglio agaruka kuri ibyo biro.

Amashusho yafashwe na camera z’umutekano zo mu kuri ibyo biro,yagaragaje ko uwo mugabo yaje yitwaye mu modoka yambaye nk’aho ari nyina, kandi bizwi ko nyina atigeze agira uruhushya rwo gutwara imodoka. Polisi yahise imusanganira aho, nk’uko umuvugizi yabivuze.

Nyuma y’aho abapolisi bagiye gusaka inzu y’uwo mukecuru,maze basanga umurambo we wumishije (mummified) uri mu kabati ko mu cyumba kimeserwamo imyenda, upfunyitse mu mifuka yo kuryamamo(sleeping bag).

Kuri ubu, uwo mugabo akurikiranyweho ibyaha byo guhisha umurambo, gukorera Leta uburiganya, kwiyitirira undi muntu, no guhimba inyandiko ya Leta, nk’uko uwo muvugizi yabitangaje.

Anashinjwa kuba yarakuye amatembabuzi yose mu murambo wa nyina akoresheje urushinge (syringe) mu rwego rwo kuwubuza kubora.Hasabwe kandi isuzuma ry’umurambo (autopsy) kugira ngo hamenyekane icyateye urupfu rwe.

Uwo mugabo afungiye muri gereza yo muri ako gace atuyemo,mu gihe abashinjacyaha bategereje ibisubizo by’isuzuma ry’umurambo, nk’uko umuvugizi wa polisi yabyemeje.

Gukora uburiganya bwa pansiyo ya Leta, ngo bijya bibaho aho mu Butaliyani, aho buri mwaka hafatwa abantu biyitirira abapfuye kugira ngo bakomeze kwakira pansiyo yabo, nk’uko imibare ya polisi ishinzwe kurwanya ibyaha bijyanye n’mari mu Butaliyani, izwi nka Guardia di Finanza, ibigaragaza.

Yavuze ko yanyoye ayo maraso ye, nyuma yo kureba amashusho ku rubuga rwa interineti yavugaga ko kunywa amaraso yawe bwite bishobora kongera urugero rw’amaraso ’hemoglobines’ mu mubiri.

Inkuru ye yatangajwe bwa mbere n’urubuga rwa Telegram rwa SHOT, hanyuma itangazwa n’ibindi bitangazamakuru bikomeye byo muri icyo gihugu kandi yemezwa n’inzobere mu by’ubuzima mu Burusiya.

Amakuru avuga ko uwo musore yakoresheje ’serenge’ bakoresha batera urushinge kwa muganga, akajya avoma amaraso, akayanywa yizeye ko byamufasha kongera ’ fer’ mu mubiri no kugira imbaraga.

Icyakora, ibintu ntibyagenze uko yabiteganyaga, ahubwo nyuma y’igihe gito, ubuzima bw’uwo musore bwatangiye kujya ahabi kurusha uko byari bisanzwe, kuko yatangiye kugira isesemi, akaruka amaraso, akanagira umuriro mwinshi.

Uburwayi bwaje gukomera cyane ku buryo umuryango we wahamagaye ubutabazi bw’ubuvuzi bwihuse, nyuma ajyanwa gusuzumwa, abaganga basanga afite uburozi bukabije mu mubiri(acute poisoning), ashyirwa mu bitaro kugira ngo yitabweho uko bishoboka.

Abaganga bashoboye gutabara ubuzima bwe, ariko batangazwa cyane no kumenya icyateye ubwo burozi mu mubiri.

Uwo musore yababwiye ko yari yararebye amashusho ku mbuga nkoranyambaga avuga ko kunywa amaraso yawe bishobora kongera urugero rw’ubutare - fer mu mubiri, ariko atazi neza akaga byatera, cyane cyane iyo umuntu abikoze kenshi.

Umuganga Andrei Kondrakhin yabwiye ikinyamakuru Moscow24 ko kunywa amaraso bishobora gutera ibimenyetso by’uburozi mu mubiri, kubera ko igifu cy’umuntu kitagenewe gusya cyangwa kwakira amaraso.

Yagize ati: “Amaraso aba arimo ubutare bwinshi cyane, bigatera igifu kumererwa nabi. Ibi ni na byo bituma, nko mu gihe umuntu afite ibisebe byo mu gifu bifite amaraso, umubiri ufata ayo maraso nk’ikintu kigira ingaruka mbi. Igice cy’amaraso kigizwe n’amazi (plasma) nticyagenewe kunyura mu nzira y’igogora isanzwe. Umubiri ntuzi uko wasya amaraso,ni inzira igoye cyane.”

Yakomeje agira ati: “Bityo rero, umubiri ntushobora kubona za ’hemoglobines’ binyuze muri ubwo buryo. Ni inzira ndende kandi igoye cyane. Mu by’ukuri, bishobora gusa gutera kuruka kandi nta nyungu n’imwe bitanga.”

Ruto, yasobanuye ko ibiyobyabwenge ari nk’icyago gikomeye ku buzima bw’Abanyakenya, ku mutekano w’igihugu no ku hazaza h’ubukungu, aniyemeza ko guverinoma izafata ingamba zikomeye kurushaho guhera mu 2026.

Mu ijambo rye ryo ku mpera z’umwaka ,Perezida Ruto yagaragaje ko ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge n’inzoga ryageze ku rwego ruteye impungenge, rikaba rigira ingaruka ku Banyakenya babarirwa muri za miliyoni.

Uyu mubare wiganjemo urubyiruko n’abagabo, ari nabo bagize igice kinini cy’abaturage batanga umusaruro mwinshi ku gihugu.

Yagize ati: “Ikoreshwa ry’inzoga n’ibiyobyabwenge ryabaye ikibazo kigaragara kandi gihangayikishije ku buzima, umutekano n’ejo hazaza h’ubukungu bwa Kenya” .

Yongeyeho ko icyo kibazo kitagomba gukomeza gufatwa nk’ikibazo gito, kuko gihungabanya cyane imibereho myiza.

Yagarutse ku mibare yemejwe na leta, aho Umunyakenya umwe muri batandatu bafite hagati y’imyaka 15 na 65, kuri ubu akoresha nibura ikiyobyabwenge kimwe cyangwa inzoga. Aba, barenga miliyoni 4.7.

Yagize ati: “Umugabo umwe muri batatu b’Abanyakenya muri iki kigero cy’imyaka akoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa inzoga. Mu rubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 25 na 35, ari na rwo rufite imbaraga nyinshi zo gukora, umwe muri batanu yibasiwe nabyo.”

Ruto yavuze ko inzoga ari zo zikomeje gukoreshwa cyane kurusha ibindi biyobyabwenge, aho abarenga miliyoni 3.2 bazikoresha muri iki gihe hirya no hino mu gihugu.

Yagaragaje impungenge z’uko gutangira gukoresha ibi biyobyabwenge akenshi biba mu gihe cy’ubwangavu n’ubugimbi,ndetse rimwe na rimwe bikaba byatangirira no mu bwana , bigashyira abana mu byago by’ingaruka z’igihe kirekire.

Yagize ati: “Akenshi bitangira hagati y’imyaka 16 na 20, kandi hari n’aho bitangira ku myaka irindwi, bigashyira abana mu byago by’ingaruka zizabakurikirana ubuzima bwabo bwose mbere y’uko bakura.”

Mu guhangana n’iki kibazo, Perezida yavuze ko guverinoma izafata ikoreshwa ry’inzoga n’ibiyobyabwenge nk’ikibazo cyihutirwa kuko gihungabanya umutekano w’igihugu.

Mu ngamba nyamukuru, harimo gushyiraho ishami rikomeye rishinzwe kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge mu Rwego rushinzwe Ubugenzacyaha (Directorate of Criminal Investigations – DCI), rigahabwa ububasha bukomeye.

Umubare w’abakozi baryo uzava ku bapolisi 200 ugera kuri 700 binyuze mu gutoza abashya no kwimura abandi, rikazahabwa ibikoresho bigezweho byo gukurikirana amakuru, iperereza ryimbitse, igenzacyaha rya siyansi (forensic) n’iperereza ku mitungo n’imari.

Iryo shami rizakorana bya hafi n’Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Ubutasi (National Intelligence Service), inzego zishinzwe umutekano ku mipaka, ubuyobozi bw’uturere, ndetse n’abafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga.

Perezida Ruto kandi yavuze ko gukurikirana, gufatira no kwambura imitungo ikomoka ku biyobyabwenge n’inzoga zitemewe bizashyirwa ku isonga mu iperereza, amafaranga avuyemo agakoreshwa mu kuvura ababaswe n’ibiyobyabwenge no kubikumira.

Yagize ati: “Imitungo yose yakoreshejwe muri ibi bikorwa cyangwa yabivuyemo… izafatwa nk’umusaruro w’icyaha, ihagarikwe vuba, ishyikirizwe inkiko, yamburwe ba nyirayo ihabwe Leta, hanyuma yifashishwe mu kuvura ababaswe, no mu gukumira ibiyobyabwenge”.

Perezida yavuze ko azaganira na Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga (Chief Justice) ku bijyanye no gushyiraho inkiko zihariye zifasha kwihutisha imanza zerekeye ibiyobyabwenge, mu hubahirizwa ubwigenge bw’ubucamanza.

Yongeyeho ko hazakazwa umutekano ku mipaka, anaburira ko umukozi wa Leta wese uzagaragara afatanya n’abacuruza ibiyobyabwenge azakurikiranwa n’amategeko kandi akirukanwa mu kazi.

Yagize ati: “Iyi ntambara irankora ku mutima cyane, nk’Umukuru w’Igihugu kandi nk’umubyeyi” .

Asaba imiryango n’abaturage kugira uruhare rugaragara mu gukumira icyo kibazo.

Nyuma yo gusezererwa kw’Amadubu ya Gabon (Les Panthères), ubuyobozi bw’igihugu bwafashe icyemezo cyo gusesa byihuse itsinda ry’abatoza b’ikipe y’igihugu, nk’uko byatangajwe na Minisitiri w’Imikino w’agateganyo, Simplice Désiré Mamboula, mu itangazo ryashyizwe ahagaragara ku wa Kane tariki ya 1 Mutarama 2026.

Ikipe y’igihugu na yo yahagaritswe by’agateganyo kugeza igihe hazaba hafashwe ikindi cyemezo.

Icyo gikorwa kidasanzwe kigaragaza impinduka ikomeye mu micungire y’umupira w’amaguru wa Gabon. Itangazo ryasomwe na Minisitiri rinavuga ko abakinnyi babiri b’ingenzi b’ikipe y’igihugu, Bruno Ecuélé Manga na Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang, bashyizwe ku ruhande burundu.

Ku bijyanye n’impamvu hafashwe izo ngamba, Minisitiri yavuze ko zishingiye ku mukino watesheje agaciro Amadubu ya Gabon muri iri irushanwa, ndetse n’ingaruka zinyuranye z’uwo musaruro mubi, zifatwa nk’iziri kure cyane y’indangagaciro z’ubunyangamugayo n’icyitegererezo byubahirizwa na Repubulika ya Gatanu.

Ikipe ya Gabon yari mu itsinda rya mbere, irangiza ari iya nyuma ikina imikino itatu yose ikayitsindwa, nta nota na rimwe ibonye. Yasizwe n’ikipe ya Côte d’Ivoire n’iya Cameroun, zombi zagize intsinzi ebyiri n’umukino umwe zinganyije (amanota 7), ndetse na Mozambique yabaye iya gatatu n’amanota atatu.

Abo bombi, bari mu myaka hafi 30 y’amavuko, bari bamaze imyaka itatu bashakanye kandi bafitanye abana babiri bato. Ariko ubuzima bwabo busanzwe n’uburyo babanamo byahindutse mu buryo bukomeye muri Mata uyu mwaka wa 2025, ubwo umugabo yasanganwaga indwara y’umwijima yitwa ’primary biliary cirrhosis’. Abaganga bakamubwira ko adahawe umwijima mushya, yaba asigaranye umwaka umwe gusa wo kubaho.

Nyuma yo gushyirwa ku rutonde rw’abategereje guhabwa umwijima, umugabo yahawe ubufasha bukomeye n’ababyeyi be, biyemeza kwishyura ikiguzi cy’ubuvuzi bwe, ndetse n’umugore we, yagumanye na we mu bihe byose byari bigoye.

Icyakora, uko byatindaga kubona umwijima umwijima ujyanye n’uwe wo kumutera, igihe cye cyarimo kigabanuka.

Mu gihe abaganga bari bamaze kwemeza ko umugore w’uwo murwayi yamuha umwijima bigakunda (donor), kubera ko bahuje ku kigero cya 95% ibyitwa ’ HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen)’.

Ariko ibyishimo by’umugabo ntibyatinze, kuko umugore yahise abwira abaganga n’umuryango w’umugabo ko agira ubwoba bukabije bw’inshinge n’ibikoresho biteye ubwoba byo Kwa muganga, bityo ko atashobora kunyura mu kubagwa ngo atange igice cy’umwijima we.

Nyuma yo gutungurwa n’ayo makuru, umurwayi yatangiye kugaya no gupfobya imbaraga umugore we yashyiraga mu kumwitaho, amubwira ko ibyo yakoraga byose ntacyo bimaze,kandi ko yagombye no kumwica kuko yashakaga kumubona apfa.

Ababyeyi b’umugabo na bo batangiye kumushyiraho igitutu, bamubaza niba yarashakaga ko umugabo we n’umubyeyi w’abana be apfa mu gihe yari afite ubushobozi bwo kumurokora.

Mu gihe byari bimeze nk’aho byose byapfuye, habonetse umuterankunga w’umwijima, ni undi muntu wari wapfuye ariko umwijima we ushobora gutangwa, (brain-dead donor), maze umugabo ahabwa umwijima bigenda neza.

Ariko inkuru ntiyagarukiye aho, Nyuma yo gukira, umugabo yatangiye gushakisha ukuri ku bijyanye n’ubwoba umugore we yavugaga ko afite ku nshinge n’ibikoresho bikarishye byo Kwa muganga maze asanga yari yarigeze kubagwa (appendectomy) ndetse akanakorerwa ibizamini by’amaraso inshuro nyinshi kandi ntagire ikibazo.

Uwo mugore yaje kwemerera umugabo we ko ubwoba yavugaga atari indwara nyakuri, ahubwo ko yari afite ubwoba bukomeye bw’ingaruka zishobora guterwa no kubagwa, byashoboraga gutuma abana be basigara nta mubyeyi n’umwe bafite, mu gihe kubagwa byaramuka bigenze nabi.

Icyo gisobanuro nticyashimishije umugabo we, maze atanga ikirego amushinja “kumuta ku bushake” no kutubahiriza inshingano ze nk’umugore.

Iyi nkuru yateje impaka zikomeye ku mbuga nkoranyambaga muri Koreya y’Epfo, ariko urukiko rwaje gushyigikira umugore, ruvuga ko gutanga urugingo ari icyemezo cy’umuntu ku giti cye,kubera ko ari umubiri we bwite, kandi ko bidashobora gufatwa nk’inshingano, n’iyo byaba hagati y’abashakanye. Urukiko kandi rwemeje ko kwanga kwe kwashingiye ku mpamvu zumvikana zo kurengera imibereho myiza y’abana be.

Ikigo cy’itangazamakuru Seoul Broadcasting System cyatangaje ko bombi nyuma baje kumvikana gutandukana. Umugore yagumanye uburenganzira bwo kurera abana bombi, ariko akomeza no gutanga inkunga y’amafaranga yo gufasha uwahoze ari umugabo we, mu rwego rwo gukomeza kumufasha kwivuza.

Depite Gihana Donatha uri muri Komisiyo y’imiyoborere n’uburinganire mu nteko ishinga amategeko, yasobanuye ko ingendo bakoze hirya no hino mu gihugu zari zigamije ahanini kureba uko imibereho y’imiryango ihagaze, na cyane ko ari wo shingiro kamere ry’imbaga y’Abanyarwanda muri rusange, kandi ukaba urengerwa na Leta nk’uko biteganywa n’itegeko nshinga rya Repubulika y’u Rwanda.

Yavuze ko ibyo ari ibyo bibatera imbaraga zo kwita ku muryango mu buryo bwose bushoboka. Icyari kigamijwe kandi muri izo ngendo abadepite bakoze zo gusura imiryango, kwari ukuganira n’abayobozi batandukanye ku bibazo bibangamiye umuryango, birimo amakimbirane n’imyitwarire mibi ku rubyiruko.

Harimo kandi no gusura imiryango imwe ibana mu makimbirane, ariko kandi izo ngendo ngo zari zinagamije kurebera hamwe icyakorwa mu rwego rwo kugira umuryango utekanye.

Mu miryango irimo amakimbirane igera ku 115 yatoranyijwe n’uturere, ikaba ari yo yasuwe n’abadepite muri iyo gahunda, igizwe n’abagabo n’abagore bamwe babana barashakanye mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, ariko n’indi igizwe n’ababana batarashakanye byemewe n’amategeko. Ikindi abadepite babonye ni uko abagize iyo miryango ibana mu makimbirana, bari mu byiciro by’imyaka bitandukanye, harimo abato n’abakuze( icyiciro cy’imyaka yiganjemo amakimbirane hagati y’imyaka 26-60).

Iyo miryango kandi irimo ifite ubushobozi bucyeya mu bijyanye n’imibereho, mu gihe indi ifite ubushobizi buhagije ku buryo bugaragarira amaso, ikindi kandi imiryango ibana mu makimbirane, yavuze ko igaragara mu Mijyi no cyaro.

Yagize ati, “ibyo bivuze ko amakimbirane ntabwo ari mu miryango ikennye cyangwa se ikize gusa, ni hose. Amakimbirane nta mupaka afite”.

Depite Gihana yasobanuye ko hari impamvu nyinshi zitandukanye zitera amakimbirane mu miryango, ariko icyo babonye ngo ni uko aba ari ku ntera zitandukanye, n’ingaruka zitandukanye.
Yagize ati,” Ingaruka zirahari, hari aho wasangaga, abana batwaye inda, bari muri uwo muryango, bisobanura ko ingaruka z’amakimbirane zigera ku bana”.

Depite Gihana yasobanuye ko zimwe mu mpamvu zitera amakimbirane harimo ubusinzi, kutita ku nshingano z’urugo, imyumvire iri hasi ku ihame ry’uburinganire, imicungire mibi y’umutongo w’abashakanye nubwo hari amategeko yashyizweho abigenga, bityo hakaba bagikenewe kuyasobanura kugira ngo abaturage barusheho kuyamenya.

Indi mpamvu yagarutseho, ni uko hari abashakana batateguwe neza, bikajyana n’uburere abantu baba barahawe mu miryango bakomokamo.

Ingaruka zimwe zagaragaye ko zituruka kuri ayo makimbirane yo mu miryango, Depite Gihana yavuze ko harimo kurwana no gukomeretsa, gukwirakwiza ubwandu bwa virusi itera Sida n’izindi ndwara, uruhererekane rw’ibibazo ku bana, by’umwihariko ku rubyiruko ingaruka z’ayo makimbirane yo miryango harimo kwishora mu ngeso mbi, ubuzererezi bahunga umutekano mukeya mu miryango, kwishora mu biyobyabwenge n’ibindi.

Izindi ngaruka z’ayo makimbirane yo mu miryango Depite Gihana yavuze ko harimo gutandukana kw’abashakanye, gutatana kw’abagize imiryango, kwangiza umutungo w’urugo ndetse n’ubukene.
Depite Gihana yavuze ko bashima ingamba zafashwe n’uturere mu rwego rwo gufasha umuryango, harimo umugoroba w’umuryango, inshuti z’umuryango, aho inzego z’ibanze zisanga abaturage kubakemurira ibibazo, aho kugira ngo abaturage babe ari bo baza gushaka abayobozi aho bakorera.

Uwo mugore uri mu kigero cy’imyaka 30, ngo yari amaze iminsi afite ububabare bukabije mu nda, bikajyana no kuruka.

Bwa mbere ajya kureba abaganga ngo bamufashe, ngo bamunyujije mu cyuma, ariko ntibigera babona igitera ubwo bubabare. Nyuma yahise yoherezwa ku bindi bitaro byigenga kunyuzwa mu cyuma cya MRI mu gace kitwa Meerut.

Icyo kizamini cya MRI cyakozwe n’umuganga witwa Dr KK Gupta, inzobere mu bijyanye n’ibyo byuma bikoreshwa mu buvuzi byerekana amashusho (radiologie). Gusa, ibyo yabonye nyuma yo gukora icyo kizamini ngo byaramutunguye cyane.

Dr Gupta yagize ati, “ Ubwo nari mbonye icyo icyuma cyerekana amashusho y’imbere mu mubiri kigaragaje, numvise ntizeye niba amaso yanjye areba neza. Umwana uri mu nda, yaragiye ajya mu mwijima mu ruhande rw’iburyo, kandi umutima we utera neza ku buryo bugaragara”.

Yakomeje agira ati, “ Sinigeze na rimwe mbona ibintu bimeze bityo mu buzima bwanjye bw’umwuga w’ubuvuzi mazemo imyaka isaga 20, kandi bishobora kuba ari inshuro ya mbere bigaragaye mu Buhinde”.

Yasobanuye ko icyo cyuma gisuzuma, cyagaragaje ingobyi umwana akuriramo iri mu mwijima w’uwo mubyeyi, bigaragara ko uwo mwana uri mu nda amaze kugira ibyumweru 12, imitsi itembereza amaraso iyavana mu mwijima, ni yo yamugaburiraga. Nyababyeyi ye (uterus) yari irimo ubusa, ibyo bikemeza ko inda yari atwite, itari inda isanzwe.

Ikinyamakuru Times of India, cyatangaje ko Dr Gupta n’itsinda bari kumwe, bongeye bagakora icyo kizamini cya ‘MRI’ bahereye mu nguni zitandukanye, kugira ngo bizere neza ko ibyo barebaga byari ukuri.

Dr Gupta yagize ati, “ Bwa mbere nabanje kwibwira ko ari ukwibeshya, ariko dukoze ibindi bizamini byo gusuzuma biza byemeza ko ibyo twabonye mbere, ariko bimeze. Kuva ubwo twahise tumenya ko umubyeyi dufite imbere yacu atwite inda idasanzwe kandi ishyira ubuzima bwe mu kaga ku buryo bukomeye cyane”.

Ni yo mpamvu nyuma y’aya makuru, hahise hatangira ibiganiro byo mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi, biga uko bamufasha mu buryo bwiza bushoboka.

Icyo kibazo uwo mubyeyi afite, ngo cyagaragaye ku itariki 30 Nyakanga 2025, ariko kugeza ubu abaganga baracyakurikirana uko uwo mubyeyi ameze mbere yo kwanzura uburyo bakoresha mu kumuvura.

Inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi zivuga ko ikibazo yagize kizafasha mu gutuma abaganga barushaho gusobanukirwa byinshi biruseho ku bijyanye n’inda zidasanzwe n’ibibazo bijyana na zo ndetse no kurushaho kuvugurura uburyo bwo gusuzuma abagore batwite.

Bagejejweho ubutumwa bunyuranye burimo n’ubwo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge

Umurerwa Lyse, umwe mu rubyiruko rwari muri ayo materaniro, yavuze ko ibiyobyabwenge bikoreshwa n’abantu bari mu ngeri zitandukanye, ndetse ko na bamwe mu baba mu matorero babikoresha.

Yagize ati “Ubundi kwitwa umukirisito no kuba umukirisito ni ibintu bitandukanye, rero hari umuntu uba ari mu itorero yitwa ko ari umukirisito ariko akoresha ibiyobyabwenge. Ubutumwa butangwa muri aya materaniro, twizera ko bwazana impinduka nziza ku bwo gufashwa n’Imana”.

Mugenzi we witwa Nkurunziza Benon, yavuze ko urubyiruko bagenzi be bakunze kwisanga bakoresha ibibyabwenge cyane cyane bitewe n’ibigare bajyamo by’abanyeshuri mu mashuri yisumbuye, nyuma kubyivanamo bikabagora, kuko ngo uwabitangiye ntibimworohera kubireka.

Yemeza ko ubutumwa nk’ubwo bwatanzwe muri ayo materaniro, bushobora gukumira urubyiruko rutaratangira kubijyamo, ariko n’abamaze kubijyama bagatangira guhinduka.

Rukundo Willliam, umwe mu bakuru b’itorero ry’Abadivantisiti rya Nyamata, yavuze icyatumye bategura ubwo butumwa, agira ati “Impamvu yatumye mu by’ukuri dutekereza ko dukwiye kwigisha urubyiruko rwacu rw’u Rwanda, ibijyanye no kwitandukanya cyangwa se kureka ibiyobyebwenge, ni uko twabonye ko mu Rwanda, umubare w’abakirisoto ari munini uri hejuru ya 95%, ariko abakoresha ibiyobyabwenge, usanga bari mu bakirisito no mu batari bo. Ibyo rero byatumye dufata iya mbere, tubona ko dukwiye kwigisha kuri iki kintu cyane, kugira ngo nitugira amahirwe, abo dusengana cyangwa se abakirisito bakabyumva neza, babashe kujya kubyigisha n’abandi. Ariko ibiyobyabwenge byugarije abasenga n’abadasenga”.

Rukundo Willliam

Yakomeje asobanura ko urwo ari uruhare bumva bagira nk’itorero ry’Abadivantisiti muri urwo rugamba rwo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge, kuko kwigisha ari uguhozaho, ariko uko kwigisha ububi bw’ibiyobyabwenge, kukajyana no kwigisha ijambo ry’Imana, ibyo bikazatuma haboneka urubyiruko rwiza rufite imyitwarire myiza, yaba urw’Abadivantisiti n’abandi.

Yagize ati “Urubyiruko turugezaho ubutumwa bwo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge, tubereka ko nyuma y’ibyo byose hari ubuzima, kuko uyu munsi ushobora kuba ubayeho nabi, ushobora kuba urimo gutekereza nabi, ushobora kuba uri impfubyi, kujya mu biyobyabwenge ushobora kubiterwa n’impamvu zitandukanye. Ariko iyo ufashe icyemezo cyo kubireka, ugatekereza neza, ejo n’ejobundi hazaba heza. Byakugeza no ku zindi ntego zo kuba waba umuyobozi mwiza, kuba umuganga mwiza, umukozi mwiza, ukabona uko wikura mu buzima bubi, kuko ubuzima bw’ibiyobyabwenge ntacyo bwamarira umuntu”.

Mu bindi bikorwa byateguwe muri ayo materaniro nk’uko byasobanuwe na Gashumba Jacques, umwe mu bakuru b’itorero ry’Abadivantisiti rya Nyamata, harimo gupima indwara zitandura ku buntu ku bufatanye n’ibitaro bya ADEPR-Nyamata, ibitaro by’Akarere ka Bugesera. Hari kandi kwishyurira mituweri abantu 500 batishoboye, nubwo icyifuzo kwari ukwishyurira benshi iyo ubushobozi bubikunda.

Amateraniro makuru, ngo yakomotse mu gihe cy’Abisiraheli, icyo kikaba cyari igihe bajyaga hamwe bagaca ingando, kikaba igihe cyo kwiyunga n’Imana, banayishima ko yabarinze mu mwaka urangiye, bakongera no kuyiragiza mu wo batangiye. Buri mwaka, Itorero ry’Abadiventisiti mu Rwanda, rigira amateraniro makuru agamije kongera kwiyunga n’Imana.

Ayo muri uyu mwaka azamara iminsi ibiri (16-17 Kanama 2025), aho abizera bo mu Ntara y’ivugabutumwa ya Nyamata, igizwe n’Imirenge ya Nyamata, Ntarama ndetse na Musenyi igice gito, bateriniye muri Sitade y’Akarere ka Bugesera, bigishwa ijambo ry’Imana mu rwego rwo kurushaho kuyegera.

Diamond yavuze agahinda yatewe n’umukobwa wamwanze amuziza ubukene

Yavuze ko uwo mukobwa bahoze bakundana, witwa Sarah Davakingin, ari we watumye ahimba ndetse aririmba indirimbo ye yise Kamwambie cyangwa se mu Kinyarwanda ivuga ngo ‘Umubwire’, yakunzwe cyane aho muri Tanzania n’ahandi.

Diamond yavuze ko urukundo rwe n’uwo mukobwa rwamaze nibura imyaka ibiri ubundi umukobwa aramwanga.

Avuga ko uwo mukobwa wamwanze amuhoye ubukene yari umukunzi we wa mbere, ndetse yaranabitangarije abantu ko bakundana. Mu kiganiro ‘Way Up’ gikorwa n’umunyamakuru Yee, ku itariki 11 Kanama 2025, Diamond yahamije ko kuba atari afite ubushobozi bwo guhaza ibyifuzo by’uwo mukobwa, ari cyo cyatumye amwanga, nubwo we yamukundaga byabuze urugero.

Diamond yagize ati “Iyo umuntu adafite amafaranga cyangwa se akennye, arakunda cyane birenze urugero”.

Yakomeje agira ati “Umukunzi wanjye wa mbere yanshenguye umutima, bituma mwandikira indirimbo. Nyuma yo kuyisohora, iyo ndirimbo yarakunzwe cyane iramamara. Naramukundaga cyane, cyane bikabije. Urabizi iyo udafite amafaranga ukunda bitagira urugero. Impamvu ituma ukunda gutyo nta kwitangira, ni uko ari byo byishimo byonyine uba ufite. Twamaranye imyaka ibiri”.
Avuga ko Sarah ajya kumureka, atigeze amuhisha igitumye amwanga, kuko ngo yamubwiye yeruye ko ubukene ari bwo butumye urukundo rwabo rudashobora gukomeza.

Yagize ati “Yambwiye nta guca ku ruhande ati sinashobora gukomeza gukundana n’umuntu udashobora kunyitaho uko bikwiye”.

Kuva ubwo yahise amureka. Diamond ahamya ko gukomereka kw’amarangamutima ye kubera uwo mukobwa, ari cyo cyatumye ahimba iyo ndirimbo kugira ngo aruhukire mu muziki.

Yasobanuye ko nyuma yo kurira kubera ibyari bimubayeho, yahise ajya ahatunganyirizwa umuziki (studio) maze asohora ibyiyumvo bye byose muri iyo ndirimbo.

Yagize ati “Ndabyibuka uwo munsi nararize. Ngarutse mu rugo nkibabaye cyane, nshaka icyo nkora cyamfasha, mpita njya muri ‘studio’. Nari mfite agahinda gakabije, ntangira kuririmba mvuga ibintu byose nari ndimo guhura nabyo muri icyo gihe. Numvaga ndimo nandika indirimbo gutyo gusa, ariko mu by’ukuri narimo nsohora ibyo nashakaga kuvuga byose”.

Diamond avuga ko yaje gutungurwa cyane n’ukuntu iyo ndirimbo yahise ikundwa cyane.

Ati "Nyuma yo gusohora iyo ndirimbo yarakunzwe, iramamara cyane. Yampinduriye ubuzima”.

Mu minsi yashize, Sarah yabajijwe uko umubano we na Diamond umeze muri iki gihe, asubiza ko batandukanye, ndetse ko ubu afite umuryango we bwite, ariko ko bari inshuti bisanzwe. Sarah kandi yahakanye ibyajyaga bivugwa ko yaba yicuza kuba yaranze gukomeza gukundana na Diamond kubera ubukene, none akaba yarabaye icyamamare ndetse n’ubukire akabubona.

Reba indirimbo Kamwambie:

Batojwe gukorera hamwe

Urwo rubyiruko ruvuga ko rwize kuba umwe, no kwirinda icyasenya ubumwe bwabo icyo ari cyo cyose, kugira ikinyabupfura, kudasobanya, gukorera hamwe kandi vuba ndetse no kuzinduka.

Umwe muri uwo rubyiruko ruba mu mahanga witwa Tamara Mukwende, abajijwe icyo yishimiye muri iryo torero, yagize ati “Nishimiye kuvuga Ikinyarwanda buri munsi, no kuvuga uburyo nkunda Igihugu cyanjye”.

Umugani w’Ikinyarwanda yamenye, ni uko ‘Igiti kigororwa kikiri gito’. Asabwe kugira icyo abwira urundi rubyiruko, Mukwende yagize ati “Uko bimeze kose, twese turi Abanyarwanda, kandi nta wundi muntu uzakwigisha gukunda Igihugu cyawe, uretse wowe ubwawe”.

Undi witwa Mitako François ngo yaje mu itorero avuga Igifaransa gusa, ariko atashye azi kumva no kuvuga Ikinyarwanda no kuririmba indirimbo yubahiriza igihugu n’ibindi.

Abajijwe ibyamugoye n’ibyamushimishije muri iryo torero, yavuze ko akihagera icyamukomereye ari uko abantu bose bavugaga Ikinyarwanda ntacyumve neza, abatoza bavuga kujya iburyo we akajya ibumoso, ariko ubu akaba azi gutandukanye iburyo n’ibumoso, imbere n’inyuma ndetse no hasi no hejuru.

Minisitiri w’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda n’Inshingano Mboneragihugu, Dr Jean Damascène Bizimana, yahaye impanuro urwo rubyiruko ashima n’imyitwarire yaruranze mu gihe cy’itorero, ko rutahanye izina ry’ubutore rijyana ubutwari rwagize.

Bigishijwe imikino njyarugamba

Yavuze ko Ikigo cy’Ubutore cya Nkumba kimaze gutorezwamo abasore n’inkumi b’Indangamirwa bagera ku 5561, bari mu byiciro 15, icyiciro cyasoje uyu munsi kikaba kigizwe n’intore 443, barimo abakobwa 208 n’abahungu 235. Harimo abiga mu mahanga n’abiga mu mashuri mpuzamahanga akorera mu Rwanda ndetse n’urundi rubyiruko rwaturutse mu turere twose tw’u Rwanda, rwabaye indashyikirwa mu rugerero icyiciro cya 12.

Minisitiri Bizimina yasobanuye ko hari ibiganiro bigera kuri 20 byatanzwe n’inzobere mu nzego zitandukanye muri iryo torero, ibyo bikazafasha urwo rubyiruko aho rugiye mu mashuri no mu mirimo kugenda barangwa n’indangagaciro z’umuco Nyarwanda koko zihamye.

Ikindi ni uko izo ntore zo mu itorero Indangamirwa, zahawe ubumenyi bw’ibanze mu bya gisirikare, zitozwa gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, gukunda umuco Nyarwanda, zigishwa ururimi rw’Ikinyarwanda ndetse no gutarama no guhiga.

Hari kandi ingendoshuri izo ntore zakoze, harimo gusura ingoro y’amateka yo kubohora u Rwanda ku Murindi, Urwibutso rwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi rwa Kigali ndetse n’ingoro y’urugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside iri ku Nteko Ishinga Amategeko y’u Rwanda.

Minisitiri Dr Jean Damascène Bizimana

Mu ntore zashoje itorero, Minisitiri Bizimana yavuze ko harimo 112 batsinze neza mu bizamini bya Leta bisoza amashuri yisumbuye, bakabona amanota meza abemerera kwiga amashuri makuru na za Kaminuza, ibigaragaza ko urubyiruko rukora itorero ry’Indangamirwa ruba ari intangarugero mu gutsinda neza mu ishuri, ndetse bikabafasha no mu mirimo yindi izakurikira. Inzego zibishinzwe zafashije kwiyandikisha bari aho batorezwa, ku buryo bazagenda bajya ku mashuri yabo gusa nta kindi kibagoye.

Hari kandi abagera kuri 13 batuye mu mahanga baranahavukiye, ku buryo nta byangombwa by’u Rwanda bari bafite yaba indangamuntu cyangwa se pasiporo, abo nabo bafashijwe kubona ibyangombwa ku buryo bazasubirayo babifite.

Minisitiri Bizimana yavuze ko hari icyifuzo izo ntore zatanze, bihurirana n’uko abakuriye itorero basanzwe babitekerezaho.

Yagize ati “Nyakubahwa Minisitiri w’Intebe, izi ntore zisoje itorero zaduhaye icyifuzo cy’ingirakamaro kandi natwe dusanzwe dutekereza, cy’uko buri mwana wese w’Umunyarwanda, yagombye guhabwa amasomo n’imyitozo y’indangamirwa. Turateganya rero kongera ubushobozi bw’iki kigo n’umubare w’intore zitozwa, no gukomeza gutoza urubyiruko ruri mu mashuri n’abari mu mirimo itandukanye yaba iya Leta n’iy’abikorera. Ibyo bizashoboka kuko hariho gahunda iteganyijwe, yo kongera ubushobozi bw’iki Kigo cya Nkumba, ariko no mu tundi turere hakazashyirwaho uburyo bwo gukomeza gutoza intore zacu ”.

Minisitiri Bizimana yabwiye izo ntore ko imyitwarire myiza yaziranze muri iryo torero, izihesha izina ry’ubutwari mu ruhando rw’izindi ntore, ikanabahesha ikivugo kijyana n’ibigwi byazo.

Yagize ati “ …muzajya mwivuga muti, ndi Indangamirwa mu Nkomezamihigo, ndi umuranga w’u Rwanda, ndi ku isonga mu kubaka u Rwanda rushya, mporana ibakwe mu kurushakira imbuto, nkagira ishyaka ryo kurushakira amaboko”.

Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr. Justin Nsengiyumva

Reba ibindi muri iyi video:

Mu rwego rw’ubukungu harimo ubuhinzi, ubworozi, inganda, ubukerarugendo, ibikorwa remezo birimo amazi n’ingufu, gutwara abantu n’ibintu, iterambere ry’imijyi no kunoza imiturire, ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho, urwego rw’imari, kubungabunga ibidukikije n’umutungo kamere ndetse no guhanga imirimo mishya.

Mu urwo rwego, Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr Nsengiyumva yavuze ko hazabaho kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi ku kigero cya 50%, kwihaza ku mbuto no ku bikomoka ku musaruro w’ubworozi, kubungabunga umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi hirindwa ko wangirika no kureshya ishoramari mu buhinzi ngo guhanga ibishya.

Yavuze ko kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi bizagerwaho binyuze mu kongera ikoreshwa ry’ifumbire n’imbuto z’indobanure, hongerwa ingano yabyo no ku bigeza ku bahinzi ku gihe.

Ikindi ni uko hirya no hino mu gihugu hazashyirwaho uburyo bushya bw’imikorere y’ubuhinzi n’ibyanya byihariye bikorerwaho ubuhinzi bwa kijyambere. Hazanozwa kandi imikoreshereze y’ubutaka buhujwe bukorerwaho ubuhinzi, hagamijwe kuzamura umusaruro no kuwongerera agaciro. Hazashyirwa imbaraga mu buhinzi buhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, harimo gukoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo kuhira, ubuso bwuhirwa bukazava kuri hegitari 71,000 bukagera kuri hegitari zisaga 130,000.

Ubuso buriho amaterasi y’indinganire nabwo buzongerwa buve kuri hegitari 142,000 bugere kuri hegitari zisaga 167,000, ikindi ni uko ku bufatanye n’abaturage, amaterasi yikora azagezwa ahantu hose akenewe mu gihugu.

Umusaruro wangirika nyuma yo gusarura na wo uzagabanuka uve ku kigero cya 13.8% wari uriho mu 2023, ugere munsi ya 5%. Inguzanyo zose zitangwa n’ibigo by’imari mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi, zizazamuka zigere ku 10%.

Ku bijyanye no guteza imbere ubworozi, hazongerwa umusaruro ukomoka ku bworozi, hanozwe n’uruhererekane nyongeragaciro ku bworozi bw’amatungo n’amafi. Bizagerwaho hanozwa uburyo bugezweho bwo korora nko kororera mu biraro no kongera uburyo bwo kubona icyororo kivuguruye, ndetse no gushyiraho ibikorwa remezo bifasha aborozi kubona amazi n’ibiryo by’amatungo ku buryo bworoshye.

Mu bijyanye n’iterambere ry’inganda, urwego rw’inganda biteganyijwe ko ruziyongera ku mpuzandengo iri hejuru ya 10% buri mwaka, binyuze mu kongera ibikorerwa mu nganda zikora iby’ibanze nkenerwa, hagamijwe guhaza isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu no kugabanya ingano y’ibitumizwa mu mahanga.

Ikindi ni uguteza imbere ibikorerwa mu nganda zo mu gihugu (made in Rwanda) byoherezwa mu masoko yo mu Karere ndetse no ku masoko mpuzamahanga. Kugira ngo izo ntego zigerweho, bizasaba kubanza kuzuza ibikorwa remezo bigifite ibyo bibura kugira ngo birusheho gukora neza, hibandwa ku byanya by’icyanya cy’inganda cya Kigali, icya Bugesera, icya Rwamagana n’ibindi.

Minisitiri w’Intebe Dr Nsengiyumva, yakomeje avuga ko mu rwego rwo guteza imbere ubukerarugendo bugezweho kandi butangiza ibidukikije, hari intego ihari yo kugira u Rwanda igicumbi cy’ubukerarugendo, ibyo bikazatuma umusaruro ubukomokaho wikuba hafi kabiri, ni ukuvuga ko uzava kuri Miliyoni 620 z’Amadolari, ugere kuri Miliyari 1.1 z’Amadolari muri 2029. Ibyo kugira ngo bigerweho, bizajyana no gukomeza gutunganya ahantu hasanzwe n’ahandi hashya hakurura ba mukerarugendo mu gihugu hose.

Ikindi ni ugukomeza guteza imbere ubukerarugendo bushingiye ku kwakira inama mpuzamahanga zo ku rwego rwo hejuru, amamurikabikorwa, imikino n’imyidagaduro mpuzamahanga n’ibindi. Abakora muri urwo rwego rw’ubukerarugendo kandi bazongererwa ubumenyi n’ubushobozi.

Ku bijyanye n’amazi, intego ni ukongera ingano y’amazi mezi no kuyegereza abaturarwanda no gukemura imbogamizi zituma batayabonera ku gihe. Ibyo ngo bizajyana no gusana no gufata neza ibikorwa remezo by’amazi, kugira ngo serivisi yo gutanga amazi meza irusheho kunoga. Hazanozwa kandi ingamba zijyanye no kwirinda igihombo giterwa n’amazi apfa ubusa.

Ku byerekeye ingufu z’amashanyarazi, intego ngo ni ukugeza umuriro w’amashanyarazi ahantu hose hari ibikorwa remezo by’iterambere no mu tugari twose, hanongerwa uruhare rw’ingufu zisubira.

Minisitiri w’Intebe, Dr Nsengiyumva Justin

Mu gukomeza gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi hiryo no hino mu gihugu, hazibandwa ku nganda, inzu z’ubucuruzi, amashuri, ibigo by’ubuvuzi n’ibindi bigira uruhare mu iterambere n’imibereho myiza y’abaturage. Ibyo kandi bizagabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu zangiza ibidukikije, harimo gucana inkwi n’amakara, ibisigazwa by’imyaka n’ibindi.

Mu rwego rwo kunoza uburyo bwo gutwara abantu n’ibintu, intego ihari ni ugukomeza kwagura ibikorwa remezo na serivisi byoroshye ubuhahirane n’iterambere ry’ubukungu. Kugira ngo ibyo bigerweho, hazongerwa imihanda, hanozwe na serivisi zo gutwara abantu mu buryo bwa rusange mu cyaro no mu Mijyi. Muri rusange hazubakwa, hanasanwe ibilometero bisaga 300 by’imihanda ku rwego rw’Igihugu.

Hari kandi imihanda y’imigenderano igera ku bilometero 500 izakorwa, mu buryo bwo korohereza abahinzi n’abacuruzi kugeza umusaruro n’ibindi bicuruzwa ku masoko.

Mu guteza imbere ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere, hazongerwa ibyerekezo bya RwandAir, bijyane no kwiyongera k’umubare w’abagenzi bakoresha RwandAir wikube kabiri. Mu rwego rwo korohereza abohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga, biteganyijwe ko RwandAir izongera ingano y’imizigo itwara. Hazarangizwa kandi imirimo yo kubaka ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga giherereye mu Karere ka Bugesera, no gukomeza kwita ku bindi bibuga by’indege bicyunganira.

Perezida Trump yashimye ibikorwa by’Umuganda

Yavuze ko bishimishije cyane kumva uko umuganda ukorwa, uko abaturage batoragura imyanda, bagasukura ibice bibakikije.

Yagize ati “Hari ibihugu, aho buri wa Gatandatu abaturage basohoka mu ngo zabo bakajya gusukura imihanda y’aho batuye… rero ntabwo turagera kuri urwo rwego, simbihamya. Ntiturahagera, ariko wenda tuzahagera. Basohoka mu ngo zabo bakajya gutoragura imyanda iri mu mihanda banyuramo, bakayisukura. Ntekereza ko ari byiza cyane kumva ibintu nk’ibyo”.

Mu Rwanda, Umuganda ni igikorwa kiba buri wa Gatandatu wa nyuma w’ukwezi, kigahuriza hamwe abaturage, bagakora ibikorwa bitandukanye birimo gusukura imihanda, inzira z’amazi y’imvura, gutera ibiti hagamije kurwanya isuri no kubungabunga ibidukikije n’ibindi. Umuganda ukorwa ku gikorwa kiba cyemeranyijweho, hanyuma kigakorwa mu buryo bwihuse kuko haba hahujwe imbaraga nyinshi.

Mu mateka, bivugwa ko Umuganda ari igikorwa cy’Abanyarwanda gikomoka mu migirire n’imigenzereze ya Kinyarwanda, aho gifite inkomoko mu muco gakondo ku gikorwa cyitwaga ‘Umubyizi’ aho abavandimwe, inshuti n’umuryango bishyiraga hamwe bagamije gufasha umwe muri bo igikorwa, mu kwikura mu bibazo runaka cyangwa kwihutisha ibikorwa bye. Abanyarwanda rero bafitira kuri iyo migirire, mu 1962 batangiza umuganda nk’ igikorwa cyo gufasha igihugu mu iterambere.

Mu 1962 umuganda wari igikorwa cya buri cyumweru, cyakorwaga n’Abanyarwanda bose bujuje imyaka y’ubukure mu rwego rwo gufasha igihugu, waje guhinduka gahunda ya Leta mu 1974, ushyirwamo imbaraga.

Gusa, Abanyarwanda bari batarasobanukirwa neza akamaro k’umuganda, bamwe ndetse ngo bawufataga nk’ibikorwa by’agahato. Mu 1994, nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, umuganda wavuyeho wongera gusubizwaho mu 1998, uza mu isura nshya yo kubaka Igihugu, cyane ko cyari cyarasenyutse ku buryo bugaragara.

Kuva ubwo, Umuganda wabaye igikorwa ngarukakwezi, gihuriza hamwe Abanyarwanda muri rusange bagamije kugira icyo bikorera mu nyungu rusange.

Umuganda waje gushimangirwa kandi wemezwa nk’igikorwa cy’iterambere rusange ry’Igihugu mu 2007. Uhereye icyo gihe, ibikorwa by’umuganda byashyizwemo imbaraga, ndetse ibyakozwe bikajya bibarwa mu gacirofaranga, kugira ngo abaturage basobanukirwe n’agaciro k’ibyo bakora.

Uretse Umuganda ukorwa mu Rwanda, hari n’ahandi watangiye gukorwa biturutse ku ngabo z’u Rwanda ziriyo mu butumwa bwo kugarura amahoro nko muri Repubulika ya Santarafurika, aho ingabo ziri mu butumwa bwa UN bwa ‘MINUSCA’, zijya zifatanya n’abaturage ndetse n’abayobozi batandukaye mu bikorwa by’umuganda, hagamijwe kubashishikariza gusukura aho batuye, kuko isuku ari isoko y’ubuzima bwiza.

Hari kandi muri Sudani y’Epfo, aho mu bihe bitandukanye, Ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri muri UNMISS zifatanya n’abaturage, mu bikorwa by’umuganda.

Ahandi ni muri Mozambique, aho inzego z’umutekano z’u Rwanda ziri mu butumwa bwo kurwanya iterabwoba muri icyo gihugu, zifatanyiije n’abaturage mu bikorwa by’Umuganda harimo gusukura isoko ry’ahitwa Mucojo, kandi ibyo bikorwa bishimwa cyane n’abayobozi bo muri ako gace.

Iyo gahunda nshya yo kwagura ibikorwa, ijyanye n’intego ya NCBA Bank yo kugera ahantu hose h’ingenzi kandi igatanga ibisubizo by’imari bishyira umukiriya imbere, no guha agaciro abakiriya mu karere hose.

Maurice Toroitich, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa NCBA Bank Rwanda yagize ati “Nka banki yizewe mu rwego rw’Akarere, NCBA ni iyo kwizerwa mu bijyanye no gutanga serivisi nziza ku bakiriya bo mu Karere ka Rubavu no mu nkengero zako”.

Yakomeje agira ati “Twemera ko ubukungu bwa Rubavu buri kuzamuka cyane, butanga amahirwe menshi cyane. Kuba turi hano, si ugutanga serivisi gusa, ahubwo ni ugushyiraho ubufatanye no gufasha abakiriya bacu kugera ku nzozi zabo mu buryo buboneye kandi burambye.”

Avuga ku kamaro k’icyo gikorwa gikomeye, Amb. Dr. Benjamin Rugangazi, Umuyobozi w’Inama y’Ubutegetsi ya NCBA Bank Rwanda, yagize ati “Gufungura iri shami bigaragaza icyizere cyacu kijyana n’intego y’Igihugu yo guteza imbere ubukungu butanga amahirwe angana kuri buri wese, ndetse no gukwirakwiza ibikorwa by’iterambere mu gihugu hose. Twiyemeje gushyigikira urwego rw’imari rw’u Rwanda no kuzamura abaturage bo hanze ya Kigali.”

Rubavu ni umuyoboro w’ingenzi mu bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka, bugana ku isoko rimwe mu masoko manini muri Afurika, ritarabyazwa umusaruro, ari ryo Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo. Abacuruzi bo ku mpande zombi z’umupaka bakoresha cyane banki zo mu Rwanda mu kubitsa amafaranga no gukora ubundi bucuruzi.

Ubukungu bwo mu Karere bujyana cyane n’ibicuruzwa byinjira n’ibisohoka mu gihugu, ubukerarugendo n’ubuhinzi, bituma haba ahantu heza cyane mu rwego rw’imikorere kuri banki ya NCBA, ishingira ku guha abakiriya agaciro.

Mu rwego rwo guha ikaze iyo banki mu Karere ka Rubavu, Umuyobozi wako wungirije ushinzwe iterambere ry’ubukungu, Nzabonimpa Deogratius, yagaragaje ko ayishimiye.

Ati “NCBA Bank mu Karere ka Rubavu iziye igihe, kandi kuza kwayo bifite akamaro gakomeye. Byongera ubushobozi bw’imari mu Karere kacu, kuko bishyigikira ubucuruzi bwo mu Karere kandi bitanga amahirwe mashya ku baturage bacu n’abacuruzi, kugira ngo babone serivisi za banki zizewe.”

Iyo gahunda yo kwagura ibikorwa, ishimangira icyerekezo cya NCBA cyo kubaka umuyoboro ukomeye kandi urambye muri serivisi za banki mu Rwanda, zidaheza n’umwe, bijyanye no kureba kure kw’iyo banki yiyemeje gushishikariza buri wese kugera ku byiza.

NCBA Bank Rwanda ni bande?

NCBA Bank Rwanda ni ishami rya NCBA Group, itsinda rya banki ritanga serivisi z’imari zitandukanye ku bigo binini, ibigo by’imari, ibigo bito n’ibiciriritse (SMEs), ndetse n’abakiriya ku giti cyabo.

NCBA Group ikorera mu mashami 115 mu bihugu bitanu birimo Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, u Rwanda ndetse na Côte d’Ivoire. Ifite abakiriya barenga Miliyoni 60, ikaba ari yo banki nini muri Afurika ifite abakiriya benshi kurusha izindi.

Kugeza ubu, NCBA Bank Rwanda ikorera mu Mujyi wa Kigali no mu yandi mashami yayo ane ari mu Turere twa Musanze, Nyagatare, Rubavu na Kayonza, ikaba ifite gahunda yo gufungura ishami rishya i Rusizi.

Binyuze mu bufatanye bwayo na MTN Mobile Money Rwanda Ltd kuri serivisi ya ‘MoKash’, ijyana no kwizigamira no kuguza hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, NCBA yashoboye kugera ku bakiriya barenga Miliyoni 5, ibyo bituma iba banki nini mu gihugu mu bijyanye no kubitsa ku bantu ku giti cyabo, ndetse ikaba no ku isonga mu kuzamura iterambere ry’ubukungu ridaheza.

Diamond ari kumwe na nyina n’umugabo wa nyina

Diamond yavuze ko yumvise agize amarangamutima adasanzwe, ubwo yari abonye se, Salum Idi Nyange, nyuma y’imyaka myinshi yarijejwe ko umugabo wa nyina ari we se, ariko akajya atangazwa n’ukuntu umuryango we utamukunda cyane cyane uwakabaye ari nyirakuru.

Kubera ukuntu uwo mukecuru ngo yamwangaga, ngo byamusunikiraga gushakisha ukuri ku bijyanye n’umuryango we, Diamond yemeza ko yaje kumenya se nyawe binyuze mu kiganiro kitateguwe yagiranye na nyirasenge, ayo makuru mashya yari amenye, ahita ahindura icyerekezo cy’ubuzima bwe.

Diamond yatangaje ko se yatandukanye na nyina, Mama Dangote, mu gihe yari akiri umwana muto cyane. Nyuma y’uko gutandukana, mama wa Diamond yashakanye n’undi mugabo uzwi ku izina rya Mzee Abdul, bituma uwo muhanzi akura azi ko ari we mubyeyi we.

Yagize ati “Namumenye nka data wambyaye, kandi uko ni ko nabyizeraga kubera ko ari byo mama wanjye yari yarambwiye. Ariko nyina, ubundi wakagombye kuba ari nyogokuru, ntiyigeze ankunda na gato”.

Ubwo yari mu kiganiro ‘Way Up’ gitegurwa n’umunyamakuru Angela Yee, ku wa Gatatu tariki 6 Kanama 2025, nibwo Diamond yasobanuye urugendo rwe rwo kumenya se wa nyawe.

Diamond yasobanuye ko kudakundwa n’uwo mukecuru guhera mu bwana, ari byo byatumye ashakisha amakuru ku nkomoko ye.

Yagize ati "Mama wanjye yaramukundaga cyane…yazaga mu rugo kenshi, ariko uyu mukecuru we ntiyamwiyumvagamo, kandi sinigeze nsobanukirwa impamvu. Buri gihe uko yazaga mu rugo, nageragezaga kwinjira mu cyumba cye, ariko nkabibona ko ntahawe ikaze. Wenda byaterwaga n’uko we yari abizi ko ntari umwuzukuru we. N’iyo najyaga iwe, ntiyanyishimiraga nk’uko umwana yishimirwa kwa nyirakuru. Ibyo rero byatumye nibaza, nti kuki nakomeza gushyira imbaraga mu kugerageza gukundwa na we?”

Diamond avuga ko amakuru y’ukuri kuri se yayabwiwe na nyinawabo wari waje kubasura.

Yagize ati "Umunsi umwe nari mu rugo, numva mfite agahinda, nshonje, nicarana n’uwo mama wacu, tuganira kuri papa. Yambajije impamvu nkunda kuvuga papa. Arangije ambaza niba nsanzwe ndya nkajya no ku ishuri. Iminsi yose naramukundaga cyane”.

Hanyuma muri icyo kiganiro, mama wacu ahita ambwira mu buryo butunguranye ati “hari umugabo witwa Salum, numva ari we papa wawe. Narikanze cyane. Ubwo yahise ambwira ati nzakujyana ahantu runaka ntuzabibwire mama wawe”.

Diamond yahuye na se bwa mbere ayobowe n’uwo nyinawabo wamurangiye aho acururiza mu isoko, aramwibwira.

Yagize ati "Nagiye aho banyeretse ari, arampobera. Nibuka uko yampaye amafaranga n’umuceri, kuko yari afite iduka ry’umuceri. Narishimye cyane. Ntihari kure yo mu rugo, rero nkajya njyayo kumureba buri munsi”.

Diamond yabajijwe ku bijyanye n’abana afite, avuga ko atazi umubare nyawo w’abana afite.

Yagize ati "Mfite abana n’abagore benshi, hari n’abo nabwiwe ko ari abanjye ariko bakaba bashobora kuba atari abanjye ku buryo bw’amaraso”.

Gusa, yemeza ko akomeza kugirana umubano mwiza na ba nyina b’abana be bose, nubwo nta byo gukundana biba bikiri hagati yabo.

Autumn Bardisa wigize umuforomo nta cyangombwa

Uwo mugore ukurikiranyweho uburiganya bwashoboraga no guteza urupfu, yitwa Autumn Bardisa w’imyaka 29, yafashwe n’inzego z’umutekano zimusanze iwe mu rugo, kubera ko yigize umuforomo ubifitiye impamyabumenyi. Muri rusange yatanze serivisi z’ubuvuzi ku barwayi bagera ku 4.486 hagati y’ukwezi kwa Kamena 2024 na Mutarama 2025, nk’uko byatangajwe n’ubuyobozi bwa Polisi aho muri Florida.

Ibyaha akurikiranyweho, byatangiye muri Nyakanga 2023, ubwo yahabwaga akazi mu bitaro bya ‘AdventHealth Palm Coast Parkway’ biherereye ahitwaa i Palm Coast nk’umuforomo wabyigiye, agatangira gukora avuga ko yarangije amahugurwa yose asabwa ku muforomo, ariko abeshya ko icyangombwa cye ari cyo asigaje kubona gusa, nk’uko bikubiye mu itangazo ryasohowe na polisi.

Muri uko guhabwa akazi, yaje kwemeza ko yakoze n’ikizamini gisabwa, ndetse atanga numero y’icyangombwa cy’umuntu bahuje izina (prénom), ariko badahuza izina ry’umuryango, asobanura ko impamvu ari uko aherutse guhinduza amazina. Nyuma yaho yasabwe kuzana icyangombwa cy’uko yashyingiwe (acte de marriage), ntiyigera agitanga.

Nubwo atigeze atanga iyo nyandiko yemeza ko yashyingiwe nk’uko yari yayisabwe, uwo mugore yazamuwe mu ntera muri Mutarama 2025, bituma abo bakorana batangira kumugiraho ibibazo by’amatsiko bitandukanye.

Mu kugenzura, umwe muri abo bakoranaga na we yaje kuvumbura ko uwo mugore nta cyangombwa afite kimwemerera gukora akazi arimo ko kuvura abantu, kubera ko yari afite ikimwemerera kuba umufasha w’umuforomo (assistante infirmière) gusa, kandi nacyo cyararengeje igihe.

Nyuma y’iperereza ry’imbere muri ibyo bitaro bya AdventHealth yakoreraga, byaje kugaragara ko hari ibyangombwa uwo mugore yasabwe ariko akaba atarabitanze.

Nyuma y’uko Autumn Bardisa, bimunaniye kwisobanura ku bibazo biri mu myirondoro ye, yahise yirukanwa mu kazi, ariko ikibazo cye kimenyeshwa inzego z’ubuyobozi, zihita zitangira kumukoraho iperereza ku byaha yakekwagaho.

Nyuma y’mezi arindwi (7) y’iperereza, abagenzacyaha bo mu ishami ry’ubuzima aho muri Leta ya Florida, bajyanye uwo mugore mu ibazwa ku byaha akekwaho, babaza na bagenzi be bakoranaga, biza kugaragara ko yibye umwirondoro w’undi muntu.

Iperereza ryaje kugaragaza ko uwo mugore ahuje izina rimwe n’undi muforomo ukorera mu bindi bitaro bya AdventHealth, bakaba barize ku ishuri rimwe nubwo bataziranye.

Ku wa kabiri tariki 5 Kanama 2025, nibwo hasohotse inyandiko zo kumuta muri yombi, akurikiranyweho ibyaha bitandukanye harimo gukora umwuga w’ubuvuzi mu buryo butemewe n’amategeko, uburiganya no gukoresha imyirondoro itari iye. Yahise atabwa muri yombi bamusanze iwe, ubu akaba afungiye by’agateganyo ahitwa muri centre Perry Hall.

Minisitiri Dr. Edouard Bizimana

Ibyo bimuvugwaho bishobora gutuma ishyirwaho rye risubirwamo, ndetse bikabangamira icyizere ku bushobozi bwe mu rwego rw’akazi katoroshye yahawe, ko guhagararira igihugu cye mu rwego rwa dipolomasi.

Uwo munyapolitiki ufite ubunararibonye, kuko mbere yo kugirwa Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’Amahanga, yabaye Ambasaderi w’u Burundi muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ndetse no mu Burusiya.

Ariko ibyo yagiye yandika ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, by’umwihariko ku byerekeranye n’umutekano w’Akarere, byerekana ishusho ye itandukanye, hashingiwe ku bitekerezo bye.

Imvugo ze kuri interineti zerekena ko ashidikanya ku kintu ubusanzwe gihuriweho n’ibihugu byo mu Karere ku bijyanye na FDLR, kandi akagaragaza imvugo z’amacakubiri zitajyanye n’ibikwiye kuranga Umuminisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga.

Kuvuga ko FDLR atari ikibazo ku Rwanda

Muri bumwe mu butumwa bwe bugaragara nko gushotorana aherutse gushyira ku rubuga rwa X, ku itariki 3 Nyakanga 2025, Dr Bizimana yavuze ko FDLR ntacyo igitwaye ku Rwanda.

Yagize ati "FDLR ntikiri ikibazo ku Rwanda, ahubwo ni urwitwazo rwanyu… mu gusahura DRC. Ibinyoma byanyu nta mbaraga bigifite."

Aya magambo, uretse kuba yumvikanamo kwirengagiza uruhare rwa FDLR rusanzwe mu guhungabanya umutekano w’u Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), yumvikana ko anashyira u Rwanda mu majwi, ku bintu adafitiye gihamya.

FDLR, (Forces Démocratiques de Libération du Rwanda) ni umutwe w’iterabwoba uzwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga, ukaba wiganjemo bamwe mu bakoze Jenoside mu 1994 mu Rwanda.

Umuryango w’Abibumbye (UN) n’izindi nzego mpuzamahanga zagiye zigaragaza kenshI uruhare rwa FDLR mu kwica abantu benshi, gufata abagore ku ngufu, no gushyira abana mu gisirikare mu Burasirazuba bwa RDC.

Kuwufata nk’urwitwazo rw’u Rwanda gusa, Dr Bizimana, ashobora gutuma abantu bemera inyigisho z’ikinyoma zikoreshwa mu kugoreka ukuri no guhisha uruhare rw’uwo mutwe w’iterabwoba mu bikorwa bitandukanye, hagamijwe kuwukingira ikibaba.

Ibyo akora ni ibintu biteye impungenge, cyane cyane ko ari umuntu ufite uburambe muri dipolomasi ndetse n’ubumenyi mu bijyanye n’amategeko mpuzamahanga.

Gukina ikarita y’ubwoko
Mu bundi butumwa yashyize kuri X ku wa 8 Mutarama, bwari bugenewe Amb.Olivier Nduhungirehe, Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda, umuntu bazajya bahura kenshi mu rwego rw’akazi.

Muri ubwo butumwa Dr. Bizimana yagize ati “Nk’umudipolomate n’umuhanga mu bya siyansi, nsanga ubu butumwa burimo ubusabwa buteye n’isoni kandi bugaragaza kudakura. None se @onduhungirehe, umuhutu wo mu Rwanda, ni gute aba umuvugizi w’Abatutsi bo muri Congo? Anagaragara ashidikanya ku mipaka ya @DRC, ibintu biteye ikibazo mu rwego rw’amategeko mpuzamahanga."

Iyo mvugo irabangamye ku nzego nyinshi, uretse kuba yinjije amoko mu mpaka za dipolomasi, icyo kikaba ari ikintu gishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye mu Karere k’ibiyaga bigari, anasobanura ko ubwoko bw’umuntu bukwiye kumubera inzitizi kuba yagira uruhare mu biganiro byo mu rwego rw’Akarere.

Gukoresha politiki ishingiye ku moko Hutu na Tutsi muri urwo rwego, bigaragaza ubunyamwuga bucyeya bw’umudiplomate, by’umwihariko ufite inshingano zo gukemura amakimbirane yambukiranya imipaka, mu Karere katarashiramo burundu ibibazo by’intambara zakuruwe n’amacakuri ashingiye ku moko.

Ikindi kandi, gushinja Amb. Nduhungirehe ko ashidikanya ku mipaka ya RDC nta bisobanuro cyangwa gihamya agaragaza, bitesha agaciro ibyo birego bya Dr. Bizimana.

Mu bundi butumwa yashyize kuri X ku wa 25 Gashyantare, Dr. Bizimana yongeye kunenga Amb. Nduhungirehe.

Yagize ati "Aho bigeze, umuntu agomba gusobanukirwa imyitwarire ya @onduhungirehe, umuhutu uri mu kazi ndetse wahoze mu Interahamwe, ushaka kwemerwa n’ubuyobozi bw’Abatutsi mu Rwanda, akagaragaza ibitekerezo n’abayobozi be batatinyuka gutangaza. @fdnbbi ntaho ihuriye na FDLR."

Kuvuga ko umuntu "yahoze ari Interahamwe" zagize uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994, ni ikirego gikomeye ku buryo budasanzwe, cyane cyane iyo nta gihamya cyabyo gihari.

Amagambo nk’ayo kandi, uretse ko agabanya ubukana bwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, ashobora no gukurura urwango.

Ikindi kandi, Dr. Bizimana yagerageje gutandukanya ingabo z’u Burundi, FDN (Forces de Défense Nationale du Burundi) na FDLR, avuga ko ntaho zihuriye, ariko ntiyerekane ibihamya, mu gihe hari ibikorwa bimwe na bimwe byagiye bibaho bigaragaza guhuza kw’izo ngabo cyangwa kuba zisangiye ibitekerezo.

Raporo z’itsinda ry’inzobere za UN, zagaragaje kenshi ko hari imikoranire iri hagati y’igisirikare n’ubutasi by’u Burundi n’umutwe wa FDLR.

Ese ni Umudiplomate udakwiye uwo mwanya?

Ibyo Dr. Bizimana yanditse ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bifite ingaruka zikomeye. Nka Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, asabwa kubaka imikoranire y’Akarere no guhagararira igihugu mu bihe bitoroshye, biriho cyane cyane mu rwego rwa dipolomasi mpuzamahanga.

Ayo magambo Dr Bizimana avugira ku mugaragaro, ashobora gukomeza kongera imbogamizi mu mubano w’u Burundi n’u Rwanda, ibihugu bimaze igihe bitumvikana, ndetse bigatuma abantu bibaza k’uruhare rw’u Burundi ku mahoro n’ubutabera mu Karere.

Gusa, imvugo ye ishobora gusenya icyizere mpuzamahanga ku Burundi, FDLR iri ku rutonde rw’imitwe yashyiriweho ibihano mpuzamahanga, kandi ibihugu by’u Burasirazuba bw’Isi n’ibifite inyungu mu mutekano w’Akarere bishobora gukomeza gushidikanya ku bushake bw’u Burundi, mu gushyigikira amahoro n’ubutabera nyuma y’intambara, mu gihe ari Dr. Bizimana ari we waba ayoboye ububanyi n’amahanga.

Ubundi tetine zimenyerewe ku bana

Urubyiruko rw’aho mu Bushinwa, ruhura na byinshi birutera umujagararo, nk’ibibazo bijyanye n’akazi, amikoro nko kubona ingwate ku nguzanyo, kwishyura imyenda baba barafashe bagura imodoka n’ibindi, ndetse n’ibibazo bijyana n’imibanire yabo n’abandi.

Muri rusange, ubuzima bugezweho bukurura ibibazo byinshi by’umuhangayiko. Ariko se ni nde wigeze atekereza ko konka ‘tetine/pacifier’ byafasha mu kugabanya ibyo bibazo!

Ikigaragara, Abashinwa bo bamenye iryo banga, kuko tetine z’abantu bakuru zimaze kwamamara cyane muri icyo gihugu, aho usanga ibihumbi by’urubyiruko bakoresha ari hagati ya 10 na 500 by’Amayuan ni ukuvuga ($1.40 na $ 70) kuri izo ‘tetine’ za palasitiki.

Izo tetine zigurishwa nk’ibikoresho bifasha mu kurwanya umujagararo n’umuhangayiko, bigafasha abantu gusinzira mu gihe bagowe n’ibibazo by’ubuzima bwa buri munsi. Imbuga za interineti zikorerwaho ubucuruzi bwazo, zicuruza ibihumbi byinshi buri kwezi.

Abahanga mu by’imitekerereze mu Bushinwa bavuga ko igituma ikoreshwa rya tetine ririmo kwamamara cyane, bijyana n’icyitwa ‘regression phenomenon’, kivuga ko iyo abantu bahanganye n’ibibazo bibaremereye cyane, bisanga barimo gusubira inyuma mu myaka, bakagira imyitwarire nk’iy’abana.

Mu by’ukuri se, tetine z’abakuru zifasha mu kugabanya umujagararo? Ku rubuga rwa interineti rwo mu Bushinwa rwa Sohu, baherutse gusohora raporo igaragaza ibyo abakoresha imbuga nkoranyambanga ndetse n’abakoresha izo tetine bazivugaho.

Abenshi bemeza ko iyo bazinyunguta bari mu kazi, biyumva nta mujagararo mwinshi bafite, bagasinzira neza mu gihe cyo kuryama, kandi bakiyumva batuje nk’abana bato.

Gusa, inzobere zivuga ko gukoresha izo tetine igihe kirekire byagira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima. Dr. Tang Caomin wo muri Kaminuza ya Sichuan University’s Huaxi College of Stomatology, yavuze ko imiterere yo mu kanwa ku bantu bakuru itandukanye cyane n’iy’abana.

Dr. Tang Caomin yavuze ko gukoresha ‘tetine’ z’abakuru igihe kirekire bitera ikibazo cyitwa ‘temporomandibular joint disorder’, kijyana no kubabara imisaya, kumva imisaya ikora amajwi (clicking sounds) no kubabara igihe umuntu afunga cyangwa afungura umunwa.

Yongeyeho ko bishobora guteza ikibazo ku ruhu rwo mu kanwa (oral mucosa).

Yagize ati “Ibyo izo tetine z’abakuru zikorwamo n’imiterere yazo, bishobora kutajyana n’ubuzima bwo mu kanwa bw’abantu bakuru, ku buryo byahangiza bikaba byanahatera ibisebe. Zanateza ibibazo by’umutekano w’ubuzima mu gihe umuntu azisinzirana mu kanwa, kuko zishobora kubangamira imihumekere ye, bikaba byanamuheza umwuka”.

Nyagatare dairy cooperative

Mu masaha make mbere y’uko bajya mu kiruhuko, Abadepite bafashe imyanzuro ikomeye igamije gukaza imicungire y’imari ya Leta, gukumira gusesagura umutungo no gusaba ibisobanuro inzego zananiranye mu bijyanye n’itangwa rya serivisi.

Iyo myanzuro, yemejwe n’akanama gashinzwe gukurikirana imikoreshereze y’imari ya Leta (PAC), ishyiraho amatariki ntarengwa ku nzego n’ibigo bya Leta bitandukanye, kugira ngo bikemure ibibazo bimaze igihe kirekire bitarangira kandi byagaragajwe mu igenzura, hanyuma bizagaruke imbere y’Inteko ishinga amategeko mu ntangiriro z’umwaka wa 2026 bagararaza ko ibibazo byamaze gukosorwa..

Nk’uko raporo y’igenzura ya 2024 ibigaragaza, Miliyari nyinshi z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda zakoreshejwe nabi cyangwa zipfa ubusa biciye mu bikoresho byaguzwe bitakoreshejwe, imishinga yahagaze cyangwa amafaranga yanyerejwe. Inzego za Leta zategetswe guhita zikemura ibyo bibazo cyangwa zikazabihanirwa.

Umushinga w’Amata ufite ikibazo gikomeye

Umwe mu mishinga yanenzwe cyane muri iyo raporo, ni umushinga w’iterambere ry’ubworozi no gutunganya amata mu Rwanda (RDDP), uhagarariwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (RAB).

Uwo mushinga wagombaga gufasha aborozi kongera umusaruro w’amata no kongera ubwiza bwayo, ariko Umugenzuzi Mukuru yagaragaje ko ibyo wari utegerejweho bitagezweho.

Inteko ishinga amategeko, yahaye Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi na RAB amezi arindwi yo gukemura ibibazo bikomeye biri muri uwo mushinga. Raporo igaragaza ko hari ibyuma 80 byo gukonjesha amata n’ amakusanyirizo 8 y’amata byose byaguzwe muri uwo mushinga ariko bikaba bitarigeze bikoreshwa.

Bimwe muri byo byuma, byashyizwe ahantu hatari amashanyarazi cyangwa hadakorerwa ubworozi buhagije, ibindi byaheze mu bubiko cyangwa se bititaweho neza.
Urugero, nko mu Karere ka Gatsibo, ikusanyirizo ry’amata ryubatswe mu myaka myinshi ishize, n’ubu ntirirafungura. Ahandi, ibyuma bikonjesha amata, byaraguzwe biranaza, ariko ntibyacomekwa ku mashanyarazi. Abadepite banabwiwe ko hari bimwe muri byo byanatangiye kurwara ingese.

Abadepite bagaragaje ko bibabaje kubona hari amafaranga ya Leta yakoreshejwe ku bikoresho bitafashije aborozi nk’uko byari biteganyijwe.

Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’ubworozi yasabwe gutanga gahunda ihamye ku bijyanye n’icyo iteganya gukora kuri ibyo bikoresho kugira ngo bikoreshwe icyo byagenwe ndetse n’ingamba ifite zo gukumira ibibazo nk’ibyo mu gihe kiri imbere.

Mu burezi, basabwe gutanga ibitabo ku gihe

Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Uburezi (REB) hamwe na Minisiteri y’Uburezi byategetswe kuba mu meza atatu gusa, byamaze gukemura ikibazo cy’ubukererwe mu itangwa ry’ibitabo mu mashuri.

Raporo yagaragaje ko hari ibigo by’amashuri byabonye ibitabo nyuma y’umwaka w’ubukererwe, bigira ingaruka mbi ku myigire.

Mu Turere nka Nyagatare na Rubavu, abanyeshuri basangira igitabo kimwe ari batanu ku masomo amwe n’amwe. Ibyo Abadepite bakaba bavuze ko bikibangamira uburezi bufite ireme.

Umugenzuzi Mukuru yagaragaje ko REB itakurikiranye neza abari bashinzwe gukwirakwiza ibyo bitabo kandi ntiyashoboye gukurikirana neza ko bitangwa ku gihe. Hari n’aho bagiye barenza igihe biyemeje kuba bamaze gutanga ibitabo, ariko ntibabihanirwa.

Inteko yasabye ko hashyirwaho uburyo buhamye ku rwego rw’igihugu, bukurikirana uko ibitabo bitangwa mu mashuri no gukaza ingamba mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano kugira ngo ibitabo bijye bigera ku mashuri ku gihe.
Abahembwa batakoze

Ikindi kibazo cyateye impungenge Abadepite, ni uko hari abakozi ba Leta bahembwa kandi batari mu kazi.

Minisiteri y’Abakozi ba Leta n’Umurimo (MIFOTRA) yahawe amezi atatu yo gukosora no kunoza urutonde rw’abakozi ba Leta no kwemeza ko buri mukozi ari mu kazi ahemberwa.

Raporo yagaragaje ko mu turere twinshi hari abakozi bo ku bigo nderabuzima n’amashuri bataboneka ku kazi, ariko bahembwa buri kwezi.

Hari n’abari ku rutonde rw’abakozi bahembwa nyamara hakaba hashize imyaka myinshi nta nshingano zizwi bigeze bahabwa mu kazi.

Abadepite bavuze ko ibyo ari ugusesagura umutungo wa Leta ndetse basaba ko bigomba guhinduka byihutirwa. MIFOTRA yasabwe gushyiraho uburyo bwo kugenzura abakozi bitabira akazi, hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku bimenyetso(biometric system).

Mu rwego rw’ibikorwaremezo hagaragayemo ibibazo bikomeye

Minisiteri y’Ibikorwaremezo yagarutsweho cyane kubera igenamigambi ridahwitse no kudindira mu ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imishinga imwe n’imwe. By’umwihariko, ibigo bibiri birimo REG n’Ikigega gishinzwe gusana imihanda (RMF)byagaragajwe nk’ibifite ibibazo bikomeye.

Ikigega ‘RMF’ byagaragajwe ko cyatanze amafaranga arenga Miliyari 1.7 Frw yo gusana imihanda mu gihe amafaranga yagombaga gukoreshwa ari ay’uwatsindiye kuwubaka mu gihe cyatanzwe cy’uko hagize inenge ziwubonekaho yararangije kuwubaka, yawusana nta kiguzi (defect liability period).

Ariko amasezerano yanditse ku buryo bwatumye habaho kwishyura kabiri. Mu Turere nka Nyaruguru, Nyabihu na Rutsiro, Leta yishyuye miliyoni nyinshi zo gusana imihanda, nyuma y’igihe gito itashywe nk’irangije kubakwa.
Inteko yasabye Ikigega RMF gusubiramo ayo masezerano mu mezi arindwi no kugerageza kugaruza ayo mafaranga niba bishoboka. Yasabye kandi ko abakozi ba RMF bahugurwa neza ku bijyanye n’ikorwa ry’amasezerano n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo.

REG, ibinyujije muri EUCL, yashinjwe gusinyana amasezerano afite agaciro kanini na sosiyete z’abikorera zitanga amashanyarazi zizwi nka ‘Independent Power Producers (IPPs)’ hatabanje gukora isesengura ryimbitse.

Ibyo byatumye Leta yishyura amafaranga menshi ku mashanyarazi mu gihe, ibikorwaremezo byubatswe bidatanga umuriro uhagije.

Raporo ivuga ko hari inganda zitanga umuriro mucyeya, ariko REG igakomeza kuzishyura nk’aho zakora neza kubera amasezerano yateguwe nabi.

Inteko ishinga amategeko yasabye Minisiteri y’Ibikorwaremezo gusubiramo ayo masezerano bitarenze umwaka, kugira ngo abaturage batanga imisoro ntibakomeze guhomba, kandi n’igiciro cy’amashanyarazi kigabanuke.

Minisitiri w’Ubutabera yasabwe kugaruza umutungo wa Leta

Inteko ishinga amategeko yanahaye Minisiteri y’Ubutabera inshingano zo gukurikirana amafaranga yanyerejwe cyangwa yakoreshejwe nabi mu zindi nzego, harimo Minisiteri ya Siporo (MINISPORTS), MINICOM, WASAC, Ikigo cy’imiturire ndetse n’Uturere nka Ruhango, Nyagatare na Burera.

Nk’uko Umugenzuzi Mukuru abivuga, arenga Miliyari 2 Frw yatakariye mu ikoreshwa rinyuranyije n’amategeko, ayishyuwe kubera amasezerano ateguwe nabi, imishinga yasizwe itarangiye, amafaranga yishyuwe ku bikoresho bitageze bigurwa ngo biboneke, n’ayatanzwe nk’igiciro kiyongereye mu bikorwa byo kubaka, kandi yari yarishyuwe na mbere.

Minisiteri y’Ubutabera yasabwe gukorana n’Urwego rw’Igihugu rushinzwe Ubugenzacyaha (RIB) n’izindi nzego z’umutekano kugira ngo ayo mafaranga agaruzwe n’ababigizemo uruhare bahanwe.

Raporo yagaragaje ko hari imitungo ya Leta myinshi idakoreshwa uko bikwiye.

Muri rusange, imitungo 491 ifite agaciro ka Miliyari 7.9 Frw ntikoreshwa neza mu bigo bya Leta 45, harimo amavuriro mato (health posts), inyubako z’amashuri, ibinyabiziga, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, ndetse n’ibikoresho byo mu biro.

Hari kandi imishinga 23 yo kubaka ifite agaciro gahurijwe hamwe ka Miliyari 19 Frw yafashwe nk’iyatawe itarangiye.Imwe muri yo, imaze imyaka irenga itatu yaratawe, kubera igenamigambi ritanoze, kudakurikirana neza ibikorwa byo kuyubaka, cyangwa amakimbirane n’abubaka.
Inteko ishinga amategeko, yasabye ko inzego zose zatanga igenamigambi rihamye ry’uko ibibazo bijyanye n’iyo mitungo bigiye gukemurwa, zigatangaza uko izakoreshwa cyangwa se igashyirwa ku isoko ikagurishwa nk’uko itegeko ribiteganya.

Ayo masezerano yasinywe na sosiyete ya ‘Bugesera Special Economic Zone Ltd. (BSEZ Ltd.)’ ihuza Guverinoma y’u Rwanda na ‘ARISE Integrated Industrial Platforms (ARISE IIP)’ iyo nguzanyo ikaba izafasha mu kubaka ibikorrwaremezo by’ingenzi kuri hegitari zigera kuri 335 mu cyanya cy’inganda.

Icyanya cy’inganda cya Bugesera giherereye ku birometero 10 uvuye ku Kibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Bugesera, no ku birometero 50 uvuye i Kigali.

Cyashyiriweho kuba ahantu hatunganyirizwa ibikomoka ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi, ahakorera inganda zikora imiti, ibikoresho bitandukanye no gukora ibikoresho bitandukanye byo gupfunyikamo (packaging).

Ibi byose bijyanye n’intego u Rwanda rufite zo kongera ibyo rwohereza mu mahanga, no kugabanya ibyo rutumiza hanze ndetse no guhanga imirimo mishya kandi irambye.

Miliyoni 10 z’Amadolari zizakoreshwa mu bikorwa byo kwita ku bidukikije

Muri izo Miliyoni 52 z’Amadolari zizatangwa muri rusange, izigera kuri 33 zizaturuka muri BK, mu gihe izindi 19 zizatangwa na BRD,harimo 10 zizakoreshwa mu bikorwa byo kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Icyo kwita ku bidukikije kizajyana no gukora imishinga igamije kubirengera no gushyiraho ibikorwaremezo bijyana n’imiterere y’ikirere hagendewe kuri gahunda z’igihugu mu guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere ndetse na gahunda ya BRD yiswe ‘Ireme Invest initiative’.

Iyo nguzanyo izakoreshwa mu cyiciro kibanza kijyana no kubaka ibikorwaremezo bitandukanye harimo imihanda inyura muri icyo cyanya cy’inganda, ibikorwa rusange bitandukanye ndetse no gutunganya za ‘site’ zo gukoreraho kugira ngo bikurure abashoramari benshi kurushaho.

Icyiciro cya 1 cy’icyo cyanya, kiri kuri hegitari 75, kandi cyatangiye gukora, aho gikorerwaho na sosiyete zitandukanye yaba izitiruka mu Karere ndetse n’izindi mpuzamahanga. Harimo kandi ibibanza biteguye ku buryo byahita bikorwamo, ndetse n’ibindi bisaba kubanza gutunganywa neza kurushaho mbere yo gutangira gukorerwamo.

Arnab Bose, Umuyobozi mukuru w’icyanya cyahariwe inganda cya Bugesera (BSEZ), yishimiye ayo masezerano, yemeza ko ari intambwe ikomeye kandi ari igihamya cy’uko ‘ARISE IIP’ yiyemeje guhindura ahazaza h’inganda z’u Rwanda.

Yagize ati, “ Twishimiye cyane kugirana ubufatanye na BK na BRD mu rwego rwo kwihutisha iterambere ry’inganda rirambye kandi ridaheza”.

Dr. Diane Karusisi, Umuyobozi mukuru wa Banki ya Kigali, yavuze ko ayo masezerano agaragaza icyizere BK ifite ko u Rwanda rufite ubushobozi bwo kugena ahazaza h’iterambere ryarwo.

Yagize ati, “ Gutera inkunga umushinga wo muri uru rwego, ni intambwe ikomeye, kandi dutewe ishema no gufasha muri gahunda yo kugira ngo iki cyerekezo gihinduke impamo”.

Kampeta Pitchette Sayinzoga, Umuyobozi mukuru wa BRD, yashimangiye ko uwo mushinga wizwe neza ku mpande zose.

Yagize ati, “ Ni umushinga ukozwe ahakwiye no mu gihe gikwiye, kandi urambye. Ni umushinga kandi utanga amahirwe ku baturage b’u Rwanda yo kugeragaza ibyo bashoboye. Ishoramari rimeze ritya, niryo riganisha ku iterambere”.

Icyanya c’inganda cya Bugesera cyatangiye mu 2023 ku bufatanye bwa Leta n’abikorera. Gifite agaciro ka Miliyoni 100 z’Amadolari, intego yacyo ikaba ari ukuba ku isonga mu bijyanye n’inganda mu Rwanda.

Nka kimwe mu bigize gahunda y’impinduka z’iterambere ry’igihugu (Rwanda’s National Strategy for Transformation), icyanya cy’inganda cya Bugesera gifite uruhare rukomeye mu guhindura ubukungu bw’igihugu.

BK, nka banki y’ubucuruzi nini kurusha izindi zose zikorera mu Rwanda, ikorana n’abakiriya basaga Miliyoni 1, kandi ihora ishyigikira imishinga y’igihugu igamije iterambere.

BRD, nk’ikigo kigamije iterambere ry’imari mu Rwanda, itera inkunga inganda zitunganya ibintu butandukanye, ubuhinzi, imyubakire ndetse n’ingufu zitangiza ibidukikije (green energy), binyuze mu nguzanyo z’igihe kirekire kandi zihendutse.

Sosiyete ya BSEZ Ltd. Ihuza Guverinoma y’u Rwanda na ARISE IIP, ikaba yarahawe inshingano zo guteza imbere no gucunga icyanya cy’inganda cya ‘Bugesera Special Economic Zone’.

Uwo mugabo yahamijwe n’urukiko icyaha cyo kwica umugore we, binyuze mu gukodesha inzoka y’ubumara yo kumuruma, kugira ngo bigaragare ko ari impanuka yagize, bityo atware imirimbo ye y’agaciro, abone n’uko yishakira undi mugore.

Ni ikintu cyafashwe nk’ubwicanyi bukozwe mu buryo bugezweho, aho uwo mugabo wo mu gace kitwa Kollam muri Leta ya Kerala yahamijwe n’urukiko, kuba yarateguye akanashyira mu bikorwa umugambi wo kwica umugore we, yifashishije inzoka y’ubumara.

Uwo mugabo yakoze icyo cyaha mu buryo bugoye kwemeza ko yaba ari we koko, ku buryo byafashe umwaka wose, abagenzacyaha bakusanya ibimenyetso byo kukimuhamya. Mu by’ukuri yari kuba yidegembya na n’ubu, iyo bitaba umuhate w’ababyeyi b’umugore we, batanze ikirego mu rukiko bavuga ko yishe umuntu ariko agashaka amayeri atuma bitagaragara ko ari we wabikoze.

Abashinjacyaha babonye ibimenyetso bishinja uwo mugabo kuba ari we wazanye inzoka yarumye umugore we bwa mbere muri Werurwe umwaka ushize, akayizana ayikodesheje ku muntu ushinzwe kwita ku nzoka muri ako gace. Icyo gihe, yamurumye ari mu rugo rwabo aho babanaga, hamwe n’umwana wabo umwe bari bamaze kubyarana. Gusa, kuri iyo nshuro ya mbere yagize amahirwe ntiyahita apfa.

Muri Gicurasi umwaka ushize, mu gihe yarimo akira igisebe yatewe n’iyo nzoka yamurumye ku nshuro ya mbere, uwo mugore yongeye kurumwa n’indi nzoka bwa kabiri, ariko noneho ahita apfa. Abagenzacyaha, bashoboye kwerekana ukuntu uwo mugabo ari we wazanye mu rugo izo nzoka zarumye nyakwigendera.

Ubushinjacyaha bwatanze ibimenyetso byerekana ukuntu uwo mugabo yamaze amezi ashakisha kuri interineti uko umuntu yakwitwara mu gihe arumwe n’inzoka y’ubumara bwica, hanyuma ahita ashaka ubimufashamo utuye muri ako gace, usanzwe akora akazi ko kwita ku nzoka (snake handler).

Polisi yashoboye gukurikirana no gufata uwo muntu ukora umwuga wo kwita ku nzoka, yiyemerera ko ari we watoje uwo mugabo uburyo yakwitwara mu gihe afite inzoka y’ubumara izwi nka cobra, yiyemereye kandi ko ari we wamuhaye izo yajyanye iwe mu rugo ku nshuro ebyiri zitandukanye.

Bivugwa ko kuri iyo nshuro ya kabiri, uwo mugabo yashyize ibinini bisinziriza mu cyo kunywa cy’umugore we, hanyuma amaze gusinzira, ahita amurekuriraho iyo nzoka imuruma ahantu habiri hatandukanye. Nyuma y’aho, uwo mugabo ngo yamaze ijoro ryose akanuye yirinda ko na we iyo nzoka yaza kumuruma nk’uko yabyihamirije ubwe.

Bucyeye mu gitondo, uwo mugabo yitwaye nk’umuntu utunguwe cyane no kubona umurambo w’umugore we mu buriri, ariko ababyeyi ba nyakwigendera banga kwemera ibyo avuga, kuko bari bazi ko uwo mukwe wabo ndetse n’umuryango we, bari bamaze amezi menshi bamuhoza ku nkeke kubera ikibazo cy’inkwano, nubwo bari barahawe zahabu, n’amafaranga abarirwa mu 6.630 by’Amadolari ndetse n’imodoka ku munsi w’ubukwe. Kubera iyo mpamvu bahise batanga ikirego mu rukiko, barega uwo mugabo kuba ari we uri inyuma y’urupfu rw’umukobwa wabo.

Ibyo bikimara kuba, uwo mugabo n’umuryango we, bahise nabo batanga ikirego kigamije gusibanganya ibimenyetso, barega musaza w’umugore, kuba ari we wishe mushiki we kugira ngo azungure umutungo w’umuryango wose. Ariko polisi ije mu iperereza isanga bigaragara neza ko ntaho uwo warezwe yaba ahuriye n’icyo cyaha, ahubwo ivuga ko hari byinshi uwo mugabo wa nyakwigendera arimo ahisha.

Kuko nta mutangabuhamya wari uhari wundi, abashinjacyaha bifashishije inzobere mu by’ubuzima bw’inzoka n’abandi bakoresha n’ibimenyetso bya gihanga, byerekana itandukaniro riri hagati y’igikomere cy’umuntu warumwe n’inzoka ari impanuka, n’uwarumwe n’inzoka bayimushumurije.

Umwe mu bagenzacyaha yabwiye ikinyamakuru Hindustan Times ko “iyo inzoka irumye umuntu by’impanuka, igikomere imutera kiba kiri hagati ya 1.7 -1.8 cm, ariko kuri uwo mugore, ibikomere bye byari binini kuruta ibyo, kimwe cyari 2.3 cm, ikindi ari 2.8 cm. Ibyo rero bigaragaza ko iyo nzoka ya cobra yashumurijwe kumuruma”.

Muri icyo gihe cy’iperereza, nibwo byanagaragaye ko uwo mugabo, yari afite gahunda yo gushaka undi mugore, ariko akamubona abanje kumuha imirimbo (jewelry) y’uwo mugore we wa mbere.

Nyuma y’uko urukiko ruhamije uwo mugabo kuba ari we wishe umugore we, se yagize ati “Ndishimye kubera ko umukobwa wanjye ashyize akabona ubutabera. Twizeye ko ahanishwa igihano kinini gishoboka. Turimo turasenga ngo ntihazagire abandi babyeyi bahura n’ibihe nk’ibyo turimo kunyuramo n’ibyo twahuye nabyo”.

Abo bimukira barohamye ubwo bari mu bwato bunini bari mu Nyanja itukura, barimo bagerageza kujya mu bihugu by’Abarabu bigize ikitwa Golfe, bivugwa ko bikize cyane kuri peteroli by’umwihariko Arabia Sawudite.

Kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 4 Kanama 2025, nibwo Umuyobozi uhagarariye Umuryango mpuzamahanga wita ku bimukira, OIM, muri Yemen Abdusattor Esoev, yatangaje iby’iyo mpanuka y’ubwato nk’uko byanditswe n’ikinyamakuru Le Monde.

Yagize ati “Nibura abimukira 76 b’Abanyafurika, bari bari muri ubwo bwato, nibo bimaze kumenyekana ko bapfuye baguye mu Nyanja ku ruhande rwa Yémen. Ariko hari abagera kuri 32 gusa mu 157 batabawe bakiri bazima. Amakuru ku baburiwe irengero ntaramenyekana kugeza ubu, kuko hakirimo gukorwa ubutabazi no kurohora imirambo”.

Yemen ivugwaho kuba ari inzira ikoreshwa n’abimukira benshi, cyane cyane abaturuka mu Ihembe ry’Afurika bashaka kujya mu bihugu by’Abarabu gushaka akazi n’imibereho myiza ugereranyije n’iyo baba bafite mu bihugu byabo, ariko OIM yemeza ko abagera ku 558 bamaze gupfa baguye muri iyo nzira, 462 muri bo baguye mu mpanuka nk’izo z’ubwato mu mezi macyeya ashize.

Si byiza ko abana bahora ku bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga

Ubwo bushakashatsi bwatangajwe mu kinyamakuru ‘Psychological Bulletin’, bukozwe n’itsinda ry’impuguke mpuzamahanga, bwakusanyije amakuru ku bana barenga 292,000 bafite munsi y’imyaka 10. Busesengura ubushakashatsi 117 buhurijwe hamwe, bwakorewe mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Canada, Australia, u Budage n’u Buholandi.

Dr. Michael Noetel, umwe mu banditse ibyavuye muri ubwo bushakashatsi akaba n’umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Queensland, yavuze ko gukoresha ibikoresho bifite za ‘screens’ byamaze kuba igice cy’ubuzima bwa buri munsi ku bana, yaba ari ukureba televiziyo, gukina imikino ya videwo, kuganira n’inshuti kuri interineti, gusubiramo amasomo kuri interineti. Ariko uko umwana amara igihe kinini kuri izo screens ni ko aba afite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo by’agahinda, umujinya, kwiheba, kwanduranya, kutigirira icyizere ndetse no kudatuza.

Dr. Noetel yagize ati “Abana benshi basigaye bakoresha za screens cyane, atari ukurebaho ibibashimisha gusa, ahubwo nk’uburyo bwo guhunga ibibazo cyangwa guhangana n’amarangamutima yabo, ariko ibyo bishobora kuba ibibazo kurushaho. Screens zishobora gutuma ibibazo by’amarangamutima umwana yari afite bikara cyane, kandi noneho bigatuma abana bashaka kumara umwanya urenze uwo bamaraga kuri ibyobikoresho.”

Abakobwa n’abana batangiye gukura ni bo bahura n’ingorane kurusha abato

Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko ingaruka zituruka ku gihe abana bamara kuri za screens zishingira ku myaka n’igitsina. Abana bafite hagati y’imyaka 6 na 10, ni bo bibasirwa cyane kurusha abari munsi y’imyaka 5. Abakobwa bakunze kugira ibibazo bijyanye n’ihungabana ry’amarangamutima, nko kwiheba cyangwa kwiyanga, mu gihe abahungu bakunze kuzikoresha cyane mu gihe bafite ibibazo by’imbere mu mutima.

Uburyo abana bakoresha za screens na bwo buba bufite icyo buvuze. Urugero, gukina imikino ya videwo bifitanye isano n’ibibazo byinshi by’imyitwarire, kurusha kuzikoresha bareba za videwo zijyanye n’amasomo. Byagaragaye kandi ko abana bari basanzwe bafite ibibazo by’amarangamutima, bifashisha imikino bareba kuri za screens kugira ngo batuze, nk’uko byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi.

Ababyeyi basabwa gushishoza no gukurikirana

Umuyobozi w’ubushakashatsi, Dr. Roberta Vasconcellos, akaba n’umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya New South Wales, yavuze ko ababyeyi bagomba kwita cyane ku buryo abana babo bakoresha screens.

Yagize ati “Si ukureba igihe abana bamara kuri za screens, ahubwo ni no kumenya ibyo barimo gukora n’impamvu babikora”.

Abashakashatsi basaba ababyeyi kumenya kugena igihe runaka cyo gukoresha screens, gushyiraho imipaka no gukoresha uburyo bubafasha kugenzura ibyo abana bareba, ikindi basabwa ni ukutazibabuza gusa, ahubwo bagakurikirana n’ubuzima bwabo. Umwana uhora kuri ibyo bikoresho aba ashobora kuba akeneye ubufasha bwihariye mu by’amarangamutima cyangwa inama.

Dr. Vasconcellos yongeyeho ko ubwo bushakashatsi bwafashije mu gusobanukirwa neza ingaruka z’igihe kinini abana bamara kuri za screens, kubera ko ubwo bwose uko ari 117 bwakurikiranye abana nibura mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu, ibisubizo byabwo bifite agaciro kurusha ubundi bwabanje, kuko bwari bwararebye abana inshuro imwe gusa.

Dr. Noetel yagize ati “Ntabwo turimo kuvuga ko gukoresha za screens ari bibi buri gihe, ariko ubu bushakashatsi bwerekanye akamaro ko kumenya kuzikoresha ku rugero rukwiye. Abana bakeneye kwigishwa uburyo bwo gucunga amarangamutima no kugenzura imikoreshereze y’ikoranabuhanga mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi.”

Icyo bivuze ku miryango

Mu gihe zigenda zirushaho kwigarurira ubuzima bwa buri munsi, cyane cyane nyuma yo kwiyongera kw’amasomo anyuzwa kuri interineti n’imyidagaduro ibera ku ikoranabuhanga, inzobere zemeza ko ababyeyi n’abarezi bagomba kuyobora abana babo neza, bakaberekera uko bakwiye kurikoresha.

Mu byo ababyeyi basabwa, ni ukubigisha kugabanya igihe bamara kuri screens, kubashishikariza gukina no gutembera hanze, no kugirana ibiganiro byimbitse ku marangamutima yabo. Ibyo ni bimwe mu bishobora gufasha abana gukura bafite ubuzima bwiza kandi bwuzuyemo ibyishimo n’umunezero.

Mu Rwanda, UNICEF yakoze ubukangurambaga busaba ababyeyi kugenzura imikoreshereze y’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga nk’amatelefone, mudasobwa n’ibindi bikoresho bifite interineti.

Ubutumwa bwatangwaga bwagiraga buti “Uko umwana wawe amara igihe kinini kuri interineti, ni ko aba afite ibyago byinshi byo kugirirwa nabi n’abajura bo kuri interineti, ihohoterwa no kwerekwa amashusho adakwiye.”
Abashakashatsi bifuza ko ibyavuye muri ubu bushakashatsi bizafasha imiryango, abarimu n’abayobozi gufata ingamba zishingiye ku bimenyetso, mu rwego rwo kurinda ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bw’abana.
https://www.ktpress.rw/2025/07/excessive-screen-time-for-children-causes-negative-behaviors-study/

Minisitiri w’Uburezi Joseph Nsengimana(ahabanza i Bumoso)

Mu kiganiro kuri mwarimu mu burezi cyabereye i Kigali kuri uyu wa 31 Nyakanga, Minisitiri Joseph Nsengimana yatanze umurongo ku ngingo zinyuranye, ariko ageze ku kanyafu agira ati “akanyafu ntabwo ari cyo gisubizo. Ntabwo guhora umuntu ahondahonda ari ko byagenda.”

Aha ni ho yahaye urugero umunyamakuru wamubajije iby’akanyafu mu ishuri. Ati “nawe urebye umunsi wawe utangiye akazi saa moya za mugitondo, kugera saa moya z’ijoro, abantu uhura nabo bagakora ikintu ukumva bari bakwiye akanyafu ni bangahe?”

Aha, umunyamakuru, akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo cy’igihugu cy’itangazamakuru RBA, yagize ati “barenze umwe.”

Minisitiri yahereye aha agira ati “none se tujye twitwaza utunyafu umuntu wese uwo ahuye na we atakoze icyo ashinzwe agende akubita, akubita…igihugu kizaba igihugu cy’iminyafu.”

Minisitiri yavuze ko mu burezi, bagomba kureba uburyo bakemura ibibazo, bitanyuze mu tunyafu, ati “kandi birashoboka, ariko uwo muco uvuga ko ibintu byose bigomba kunyura mu tunyafu, mu mangumi, ntabwo bishoboka.”

Kuri iki rero, ngo umwarimu wibwiraga ko akanyafu ari wo muti “yongere atekereze.”

Ku barimu bashya bagaragaza ko batishimira igihe cy’igeragezwa (Probation) basabwa kumara kingana n’umwaka, Minisitiri Nsengimana yavuze ko uwo mwaka atari amezi 12, ahubwo ari amezi 9 agize umwaka w’amashuri.

Ngo iyo umwarimu amaze nibura umwaka yigisha, akorerwa isuzuma bakareba urwego ariho, ukeneye gufashwa, akabona uko afashwa.

Ku kijyanye n’abarimu basaba guhindura ibigo bigishaho bakajya ku bindi (transfer) ariko ubu bikaba bisa n’inzira ifunganye, kuko hasaba benshi ariko hakemererwa bacye, yasobanuye ko bijyana n’uko imibare iba imeze.

Yagize ati, “ Ntabwo ari inzira ifunganye, ni imibare, hari amashuri runaka, hari n’umubare runaka w’abasaba. Iyo umuntu asabye hari umwanya arawuhabwa. Nk’umwaka ushize, abarimu 272 basabye kuza muri Gasabo, mu gihe 48 bonyine ari bo basabye kuhava. Abo bose ntibabona umwanya. Bibaye byiza umuntu yakorera aho yifuza, ariko ntihikunda ….”.

Hari kandi imyaka itatu isabwa kugira ngo umwarimu yemererwe gusaba kwimuka ku ishuri runaka, aho Minisitiri yasobanuye ko umwarimu azamurwa mu ntera nyuma y’imyaka itatu. Aha, ngo uwimutse ku kigo yigishagaho amaze umwaka umwe gusa, yagenda atazamuwe mu ntera, mu gihe ugiye nyuma y’imyaka itatu agenda yazamuwe.

Ikindi ni uko kuba umwarimu yakwimuka ku kigo atahamaze nibura iyo myaka itatu byagira ingaruka no ku ishuri yigishagaho.

Minisitiri Nsengimana avuga ko ibikorwa byose, muri rusange biba bigamije korohereza abarimu kuko ari na byo bigira uruhare mu kuzamura ireme ry’uburezi.

Yabivugiye mu nama nyunguranabitekerezo n’abarimu bo mu mashuri y’uburezi bw’ibanze, kuri uyu wa Kane tariki 31 Nyakanga.

Uretse gushimira abarimu, Minisitiri Nsengimana yasubije ibibazo byinshi abarimu bagenda bagaragaza nk’ibibabangamira mu kazi kabo.

Icya mbere yasobanuye ni igituma abarimu bose bagomba guhemberwa muri Umwalimu SACCO, mu gihe hari n’ibindi bigo by’imari mu Rwanda.

Yagize ati, “Ngira ngo byaba byiza, dusubiye inyuma tukareba impamvu, Umwalimu Sacco yashyizweho, na nyirayo ni nde? Umwalimu SACCO yashyiriweho abarimu, rwose ngira ngo muribuka igihe yagiriyeho, uburyo yagiyeho ndetse ni Nyakubahwa Perezida wa Repubulika watangije iki gitekerezo, kubera ko yabonaga uburyo ZIGAMA CSS yari yashoboye gufasha abasirikare, akavuga ati kuki se abarimu na bo batafashwa, hakajyaho ikintu cyabo kibafasha kugira ngo biteze imbere? Ni uko Umwaimu SACCO yagiyeho”.

Minisitiri Nsengimana yakomeje asobanura ko mu mikorere ya Umwalimu SACCO, ikigamijwe ari iterambere ry’abarimu, mu gihe mbere itarabaho wasangaga bajya mu bigo by’imari na za banki bashatse, ariko ari nta n’imwe ifite inshingano zihariye zo kuzamura iterambere ryabo. Ibyo rero ngo ni byo bakwiye gutekereza, baharanira gukomeza gushaka icyatuma ikora neza bijyanye n’ibyo bayishakaho.

Ku kibazo kijyanye n’amahugurwa y’Icyongereza ahabwa abarimu n’abayobozi b’amashuri, n’icyo ayo mahugurwa agamije, n’impamvu bahugurwa ku Cyongereza gusa, kandi hari n’andi masomo menshi yigishwa, Minisitiri Nsengimana yavuze ko kwibanda ku Cyongereza ngo biterwa n’uko u Rwanda rwahisemo kwigisha muri uru rurimi.

Bityo rero, ngo bisaba ko abigisha n’abayobora amashuri bagira ubumenyi buhagije muri urwo rurimi bigishamo.

Minisitiri Nsengimana yasobanuye ko hari gahunda nshya, iteganya urwego rw’Icyongereza umwarimu agomba kuba ariho kugira ngo ashobore kwigisha muri urwo rurimi.

Mbere ya guhugurwa, hari isuzuma rikorwa, rigamije kureba urwego abarimu bariho, abo bigaragaye ko batari kuri urwo rwego nibo bajya guhugurwa. Ikindi yavuze ko ubu ari umwaka wa mbere iyo gahunda itangiye, ariko intego ni uko izamara imyaka itatu.

Yasobanuye kandi ko ikibazo cyatumye hari abarimu bari mu kazi ariko batari ku rugero rukwiye rw’Icyongereza, ari uko mbere abarimu bajyaga bakora Ikizamini cy’akazi, ariko ntihagenzurwe ikigero bariho mu rurimi rw’icyongereza.

Ku kibazo cy’abarimu bajya kuzamura urwego rw’impamyabumenyi zabo ku mashuri makuru na za kaminuza, ariko bagaruka ntibahemberwe urwego rw’amashuri bafite, Minisitiri Nsengimana yavuze ko ibyo bijyana n’ibyiciro umwarimu yigishamo.

Yagize ati, “ Iyo umwarimu yari afite impamyabumenyi ya A2, akajya kuri Kaminuza akabona iyo ku rwego rwa A1 cyangwa A0, icyo gihe REB ni yo imushyira aho agomba kwigisha, noneho agahembwa umushahara ujyanye n’amashuri yize”.

Ku kijyanye n’isura ya mwarimu ituma n’umwana ukiri ku ishuri yakunda umwuga wa mwarimu, cyangwa se ntawukunde bitewe n’uko abona mwalimu, Minisitiri Nsengimana yavuze ko isura nziza ya mwalimu atayihabwa n’undi muntu, ahubwo ari we uyiha.

Yagize ati, “Cyera mwarimu yari umuntu ukomeye cyane, ariko isura ya mwarimu si undi muntu uyimuha, niwe uyiha, kuko yari umubyeyi, yari umuntu wifata neza. Iyo mwarimu yitwaye nk’umubyeyi,nk’umurezi, arabyuhabirwa, kongeraho ko n’igihugu cyumvise akamaro ka mwarimu gishyiramo imbaraga nyinshi mu kumuteza imbere, igihugu gikora ibishoboka byose mu kuzamura ubuzima bwa mwarimu, ariko na mwarimu akwiye gushyiraho ake,…”

Ingabo z’u Rwanda ziri mu butumwa i Bangui zahawe imidari y’ishimwe

Ni igikorwa cyabereye mu Ngoro y’Umukuru w’Igihugu iherereye mu Mujyi wa Bangui, cyitabiriwe n’abayobozi mu nzego zitandukanye zirimo iza gisirikare n’iza Leta.

Ingabo z’u Rwanda zatangiye koherezwa mu butumwa muri Santrafurika guhera muri Mutarama 2014, zikaba ari zimwe mu zigize ubutumwa bw’amahoro bwa UN buzwi ku izina rya MINUSCA.

Ku ntangiriro, u Rwanda rwoherejeyo abasirikare bagera kuri 850 binyuze mu butumwa bwari buyobowe na Afurika yunze Ubumwe. Kuva ubwo, u Rwanda ni kimwe mu bihugu byohereza umubare munini w’abasirikare n’abapolisi muri MINUSCA, bakagenda bafite inshingano zo kurinda abasivili no kubungabunga amahoro n’umutekano.

Mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 2020, mu gihe cy’amatora ya Perezida wa Repubulika ya Santarafurika, u Rwanda rwohereje izindi ngabo biturutse ku masezerano y’ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu byombi, kugira ngo zifashe mu kurwanya inyeshyamba, kurinda imishinga y’ubuhinzi n’ibirombe by’amabuye y’agaciro.

Ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu byombi kandi bwanatumye ishoramari ryiyongera, aho abashoramari b’Abanyarwanda bashora imari yabo mu nzego z’ubuzima zitandukanye muri Santarafurika.

Ingabo z’u Rwanda zishimirwa ubwitange zikorana muri Santarafurika, kubera ko kuva zigiyeyo, ngo hari imijyi itandukanye yari yarigaruriwe n’inyeshamba, ariko ubu yongeye gusubira mu bice bigenzurwa na Leta.

Uwo mugabo yareze Google ko yamufotoye yambaye ubusa ari iwe mu rugo yarangiza igashyira ifoto ye ku kitwa ‘Google Street View’ aho buri muntu wese ayibona.

Uwo mugabo utatangajwe amazina, icyatumye agana inkiko cyabaye mu 2017, ubwo imodoka ya Google, ‘Google Street View car’ yanyuraga ahitwa i Bragado, umujyi muto wo muri Argentine, mu birometero 200 uvuye mu Murwa mukuru Buenos Aires.

Mu gihe yarimo itambuka, camera ishyirwa kuri iyo modoka igenda ifata amashusho aho inyuze, yafotoye umugabo wari uri hanze mu busitani bwe, ariko yambaye ubusa nta mwenda n’umwe yambaye.

Iyo camera yamufotoye imuturutse inyuma yerekana neza ibice by’umubiri we byose uhereye ku mutwe, kumanura mu mugongo n’ahandi hose. Nubwo isura ye itabonekaga, ariko imyirondoro ‘address’ y’umuhanda n’ahantu yafatiwe, yari kuri iyo foto yashyizweho na ‘system’ ya camera, byatumye abatuye muri uwo mujyi bamenya uwo ari we, maze ahinduka urw’amenyo, aho anyuze hose bakamuseka, kuko babonye ifoto ye, yambaye ubusa buriburi.

Uko guhorana ikimwaro kubera iyo foto,byatumye atanga ikirego mu rukiko, arega sosiyete ya Google, avuga ko yavogereye ubuzima bwo bwite ‘privacy’, yarangiza igashyira ifoto ye ku karubanda.

Mu mwaka ushize wa 2024, urukiko rw’ibanze rwari rwatesheje agaciro icyo kirego, ruvuga ko uwo mugabo ari we nyirabayazana w’ibyamubayeho, kubera ko ari we, “ warimo agendagenda mu rupangu rwe mu buryo butaboneye, kuko yari hanze kandi yambaye ubusa”.

Ariko mu gihe cy’ubujurire, urukiko rwanzuye ko urega atsinze urubanza, rwemeza ko sosiyete ya Google itsinzwe, kubera ko yavogereye ubuzima bwe bwite, ndetse ikirengagiza igitinyiro cye nk’umuntu.

Mu rubanza, sosiyete ya Google yari yaburanye ivuga ko urupangu cyangwa uruzitiro rw’uwo mugabo ari rwo rwabiteye kuko rutari rurerure bihagije ngo rumukingire runamuhishire ubwambure uko bikwiye.

Gusa, iperereza ryagaragaje ko inkuta z’urwo rupangu rw’uwo mugabo zapimaga hafi metero ebyiri z’uburebure kandi ko zari zihagije kumukingira, ahubwo ko ikibazo cyari uko Camera yo kuri iyo modoka ya Google, yari ihanitse hejuru cyane. Ibyo rero byahise bica impaka.

Mu mwanzuro w’urukiko, rwagize ruti, “ Nta muntu n’umwe wakwifuza ko ifoto ye itangazwa ku isi hose, agaragara wese nk’uko Imana yamuremye. Google yari izi neza inshingano ifite zo kurinda no kubaha ubuzima bwite bw’abantu, bijyanye na politiki yayo…”.

Urukiko rw’ubujurire rwa Buenos Aires ‘The National Civil Appeals Chamber of Buenos Aires’ rwategetse ko Google Argentina ndetse na Google Inc. yishyura uwo mugabo Miliyoni 16 z’Ama-pesos ( ni ukuvuga asaga 12.000 by’Amayero nk’indishyi kubera uko yamusebeje cyane cyane aho atuye. Aya ni hafi miliyoni 20 z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda.)

Uwo mugabo usanzwe ari ofisiye muri Polisi, yemeza ko yasebye ndetse akajya asekwa mu kazi aho akorera, ariko n’abaturanyi be bagahora bamuseka biturutse kuri iyo foto yafashwe n’imodoka ya Google.

Muri Kenya, impunzi zicumbikiwe mu nkambi ya Kakuma, zakoze imyagaragambyo yamagana igabanuka ry’imfashanyo z’ibiribwa zihabwa, ndetse n’izindi mpinduka ziteganyijwe, Polisi itabaye babiri bahasiga ubuzima, abandi benshi barakomereka.

Inkambi ya Kakuma ni imwe mu zicumbikiye abantu benshi, kuko ifite abagera ku bihumbi 300 bahunze imvururu mu bihugu byabo birimo Sudani y’Epfo, Somalia, Uganda ndetse n’U Burundi.

Izo mpunzi zakoze imyigaragambyo guhera ku wa mbere tariki 28 Nyakanga 2025, ziyikora nk’uburyo bwo kugaragaza ko zitishimiye igabanuka ry’imfashanyo zitangwa na USAID ndetse n’umushinga wa Guverinoma ya Kenya wo gukora impinduka muri iyo nkambi, kuko zifite impungenge ko zizahita zibura imfashanyo burundu.

Mu byo izo mpunzi zigaragambya zangije, harimo inzu ikoreraho Ishami ry’Umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku biribwa ‘PAM/WFP’, zatwitse nk’uko byemejwe n’ubuyobozi bw’ishami rishinzwe serivisi zo kwita ku mpunzi muri iyo nkambi (Département des services aux réfugiés ‘DRS’).

Polisi yatabaye mu rwego rwo guhosha iyo myigaragambyo, bituma abantu babiri muri abo bigaragambya bahasiga ubuzima, abandi benshi barakomereka nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru France 24.

Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, zari zisanzwe zitanga 70% y’amafaranga ahabwa impunzi zo muri iyo nkambi ya Kakuma mu rwego rwo kuzifasha kwikemurira ibibazo byabo by’ibanze, ariko nyuma y’uko Perezida Donald Trump agarutse ku butegetsi, agafata icyemezo cyo kugabanya ingengo y’imari yashyirwaga mu gutanga inkunga ku bihugu by’amahanga, byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku mfashanyo zitangwa mu nkambi z’impunzi.

N’ubwo hari iryo koranabuhanga na inovasiyo, hari ikibazo kigihari, kigira kiti, “ Ni gute twakoresha ikoranabuhanga neza kugira ngo rigire akamaro mu kwiga nk’uko bikwiye”?

Icyo kibazo, ni cyo kiza kuganirwaho mu kiganiro kizwi nka ‘EdTech Mondays Rwanda’ giteganyijwe kuba uyu munsi, ku itariki 28 Nyakanga 2025, kuri KTRadio, hagaragazwa amabwiriza, za ‘systems’, ndetse n’ibisabwa amashuri agomba kuba yujuje, kugira ngo ikoranabuhanga rigire igisobanuro nyacyo, rigire akamaro, kandi rigere ku banyeshuri bose ku buryo bungana.

Mu gihe amashuri yo hirya no hino mu gihugu, arimo yitabira kugira impinduka mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, insanganyamatsiko y’uku kwezi igira iti, “ ibigomba kugenderwaho mu kwinjiza ikoranabuhanga muri gahunda z’uburezi, rigakoreshwa mu kwigisha no mu kwiga”( “Standards for Seamless EdTech Integration into Curricula”.

Abategura ibyo biganiro basobanura ko muri ibyo bigenderwaho ‘standards’ harimo amabwiriza n’ibisobanuro bifasha amashuri kumenya ibi bikurikira:

Ese ni irihe koranabuhanga rikwiye gukoreshwa mu ishuri,
Ni gute ryakoreshwa neza kandi ku buryo buhoraho,
Ni iki cyakorwa kugira ngo hatagira umunyshuri n’umwe usigara inyuma, cyane cyane abari mu bice by’icyaro.

“Ni ukubafata nko gutegura ifunguro runaka ryihariye. Ushobora kuba ufite ibisabwa byose n’ibirungo byiza cyane, ariko mu gihe udafite uburyo bwiza bwo kuritegura, ntushobora kubona umusaruro mwiza. Ibyo bigenderwaho (Standards) ni byo biha amashuri uburyo”.

Iyo porogaramu cyangwa se icyo kiganiro gitambuka mu buryo bw’ako kanya, guhera saa kumi n’ebyiri kugeza saa moya z’umugoroba, kuri KT Radio no ku rubuga rwa YouTube rwa Kigali Today, ndetse no ku zindi mbuga nkoranyambaga, kirahuriza hamwe abakora mu rwego rw’uburezi, abategura za porogaramu zikurikizwa mu burezi, n’abazana ibishya mu ikoranabuhanga, baganire ku buryo u Rwanda rwakoresha ikoranabuhanga nk’inkingi ya mwamba y’uburezi bwarwo, kandi ntirutakaze ireme n’umusaruro butanga.

Mu bitabira icyo kiganiro, harimo Vincent Nyirigira uturuka mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Uburezi (Rwanda Education Board – REB), Casimir Manirareba, uturuka mu ishuri rya Saint Paul International School, Theoneste Ndayisenga uturuka mu Kigo cya Global Nexus Institute, ndetse na Umukazana Germaine, umunyamakuru wa KT Radio uza kukiyobora.

Ni ikiganiro kije mu gihe u Rwanda rurimo rugana ku cyerekezo rwihaye cya ‘Vision 2050’ kigamije gukomeza kongera ibyo rumaze kugeraho mu ikoranabuhanga, gushyira amasomo mu ikoranabuhanga no gushyira interineti mashuri.

Gusa, inzobere zivuga ko hatabayeho gusangira no kumvikana ku bigenderwaho muri urwo rwego, amashuri yaba ashobora kwisanga ariko akoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buryo butagera ku ntego.

Muri icyo kiganiro kandi, haratangwa n’umwanya wo kugira ngo abagikurikiye, yaba abarimu, abanyeshuri ndetse n’ababyeyi babaze ibibazo, cyangwa se batange ibitekerezo byabo kuri iyo ngingo.

EdTech Mondays Rwanda ni gahunda itegurwa na Mastercard Foundation hamwe na ‘Rwanda ICT Chamber initiative’, ikaba ari igice kimwe cya gahunda yagutse izwi nka ‘ EdTech Mondays Africa platform’, yumvikana mu bihugu bitanu by’Afurika ndetse no kuri CNBC Africa.

Reba ikiganiro kirambuye:

Abantu bakuru barota inzozi mbi zibateye ubwoba, bakaba bazirota nibura buri cyumweru, baba bafite ibyago byikubye gatatu (3) byo gupfa imburagihe ni ukuvuga bagapfa batageza no ku myaka 75, ugereranyije n’abarota inzozi mbi inshuro nkeya.

Iyo mibare iteye impungenge ni iyavuye mu bushakashatsi bune bwakozwe mu bihe bitandukanye, ariko bukamara igihe kirekire bukorerwa muri Amerika, bukorerwa ku bantu 4.000 bafite imyaka iri hagati ya 26 na 74.

Ku ntangiriro z’ubushakashatsi, abo babukorerwagaho, bavugaga umubare cyangwa inshuro inzozi mbi zacikirije ibitotsi byabo, bagakanguka batabimaze kubera kwikanga.
Nyuma y’imyaka 18 ubushakashatsi butangiye, inzobere zarimo zibukora, zatangaje ko mu bantu barimo bakorerwaho ubushakashatsi, muri rusange abari bamaze gupfa, batarageza kuri ya myaka 75 bari 227.

Na nyuma yo kureba ku zindi mpamvu zitandukanye zishobora kuba impamvu y’urupfu rw’abantu, harimo izabukuru, umubyibuho ukabije, ibibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe,…abo bashakashatsi bavumbuye ko abantu barota inzozi mbi buri cyumweru, bafite ibyago byikubye gatatu byo gupfa imburagihe, mbese nk’uko bimeze ku bantu banywa itabi ryinshi.

Inzozi cyangwa se kurota, ubusanzwe ngo biza mu gihe umuntu aryamye asinziriye, mu gihe ubwonko buba burimo gukora akazi cyane, ariko indi mitsi yo ituje. Kwiyongera gutunguranye k’imisemburo ya adrenaline, cortisol, n’indi misemburo bigira ingaruka mbi ku buzima bw’umuntu kuko ari ibintu biba bimutunguye.

Uko gucikiza ibitotsi bitewe no kurota inzozi mbi, iyo biba kenshi ngo bigira ingaruka zirimo kunanirwa gutekereza neza, bikagira n’ingaruka ku mubiri, kwiyongera k’umuuduko w’amaraso ndetse no kugabanuka k’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri ubwawo.

Uretse ibyo, gukangurwa n’inzozi mbi ku buryo butunguranye, birogoya ibitotsi byimbitse kandi ari ikintu cy’ingenzi umubiri ukenera kugira ngo ushobore kuruhuka uko bikwiye. Iyo ibyo bibazo byombi bihuye, harimo kunanirwa gutekereza neza, no kudasinzira neza, biba impamvu ikomeye ituma umubiri w’umuntu usaza imburagihe kandi ku muvuduko wihuse.

Ubundi bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko abantu bakuru bakunze kurota inzozi mbi buri cyumweru, baba bafite ibyago gufatwa n’indwara ihungabanya ubwenge bw’abantu izwi nka ‘Parkinson’, kandi ikaza hakiri kare, kuko ubasanzwe ngo ari indwara ikunze kwibasira abageze mu zabukuru.
Ubwo bushakashatsi bwanerekanye ko igice cy’ubwonko kigenzura ibijyanye n’inzozi, nacyo ngo kigenda cyangizwa n’indwara z’ubwonko, biturutse kuri uko kurota inzozi ziteye ubwoba kenshi cyangwa se nibura buri cyumweru.

Inzozi ziteye ubwoba, zibaho kuko ubwo bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko nibura 5% by’abantu bakuru barota inzozi mbi ziteye ubwoba, nibura inshuro imwe mu cyumweru, mu gihe abagera kuri 12.5% bo barota inzozi ziteye ubwoba nibura inshuro imwe mu kwezi nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru BBC.

Uwo mugore witwa Cynthia Achieng’ Abok, avuga ko mu bagabo bose amaze gushaka byabaga bisa no kugonga urutare, bikarangira ubu asigaye ari wenyine yirerana abana batatu yabyaye muri izo nshako zitandukanye yanyuzemo.

Abok avuga ko ashaka umugabo wa mbere, yari akiri muto, ajya gushaka bitewe n’ibibazo by’ubuzima bubi yabonaga iwabo, akibwira ko gushaka umugabo, wenda byamufasha kubaho neza. Kimwe mu byatumaga ubuzima bugorana mu muryango we, ngo ni uko ababyeyi be batandukanye mu gihe yari akiri umwana, hanyuma nyina ajya gushaka undi mugabo, ariko uwo mugabo ntiyishimira kurera abo bana batari abe.

Yagize ati “Mama wanjye yashatse ahandi, ariko ubuzima bwo kubana n’uwo mugabo we kuri njye ntibyari byoroshye. Hari igihe cyageze abavandimwe banjye bandi barahava barigendera, njyewe nkomeza kugerageza kugumana na mama muri uwo muryango we mushya, ariko ntibyari byoroshye, rwose ntabwo byari ibyo kwihanganirwa”.

Nyuma y’igihe gito ashakanye n’umugabo wa mbere, ngo yamubwiye ko atakimukunda ndetse ahita azana undi mugore wa kabiri avuga ko ari uwo kumusimbura, ubwo batandukana batyo.

Yagize ati “Abenshi mu bagabo nashatse, babaga ari abanyabinyoma, bakambeshya ko bankunda by’ukuri, nanjye kuko nabaga nsa n’uwihebye nkabyemera. Bamwe bansezeranyije kunsubiza ku ishuri ndabyemera kuko numvaga kwiga ari ibintu nifuza cyane, bakansezeranya ubuzima bwiza n’ibindi byinshi, ariko twamara kubana mu mezi runaka cyangwa se umwaka, nkaza gusanga ibyo banyijeje byose byari ibinyoma. Nagiye mbana n’abagabo bikunda, batanyitayeho, nyamara bakansezeranya byinshi kandi bazi neza ko bambeshya”.

Abok avuga ko muri abo bagabo batandukanye yashatse, harimo uwari Pasiteri mu itorero runaka atifuje kuvuga, uwo Pasiteri akaba yari afite imyaka 77, ashaka Abok nk’umugore wa kabiri, ariko ajya kumutuza kure y’umugore we wa mbere, bagira amahirwe yo kubyarana umwana umwe muri batatu afite, ariko ikibazo kiza kuba ko uwo Pasiteri na we, atigeze yubahiriza ibyo yaseranyije uwo mugore, kuko mbere yo kumushaka, ngo yari yaramwizeje ko azamwitaho neza, akamufasha kumuzamura mu bukungu no kumuhindurira ubuzima, ariko ntiyabikora.

Yagize ati “Yari umugabo wari ufite undi mugore, ajya kuntuza kure y’umugore we mukuru. Yazaga iwanjye kenshi, ariko ibyo yansezeranyije mbere yo kunshaka ntiyigeze abyuzuza. Byaje kugera aho atangira kumpohotera bikabije, akanshyiraho n’iterabwoba, ubwo kubana kwacu bizamo ibibazo, kurusha uko ari ibyishimo, biza kurangira dutandukanye”.

Nyuma y’uko urwo rugo rwa 12 rusenyutse, Abok yisanze afite abana batatu yabyaye muri izo nshako zitandukanye yanyuzemo, ariko nta bushobozi afite kandi agomba kubarera wenyine.

Ubwo ngo yatangiye kujya akora imirimo y’amaboko ashakisha imibereho, nko kumesera abantu n’ibindi, ariko hakaba nubwo asaba ubufasha mu bantu kugira ngo abone ibyo atungisha abana be, nk’uko yabibwiye ikinyamakuru Tuko cyandikirwa aho muri Kenya.

Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Abok avuga ko nubwo yanyuze muri ibyo byose, atarahurwa ibijyanye n’ubuzima bw’urukundo, kuko yizera ko ashobora kuzabona umugabo mwiza ukwiye, bakazabana ubuziraherezo.

Yagize ati “Hari igihe Imana izanzanira umuntu mwiza. Na n’ubu ndacyashoboye kongera gukunda, wenda ubu nonaha siniteguye, ariko sinafunze imiryango yo gukundana”.

Polisi yo mu Buyapani, ‘National Police Agency (NPA)’ iherutse gusohora itangazo riburira abantu bose ko hari imbunda zibarirwa mu bihumbi zatanzwe nk’ibikinisho ‘prizes in claw machines’ hirya no hino mu gihugu, nyuma bikaza kumenyekana ko ari imbunda zifite ubushobozi bwo kurasa amasasu asanzwe, yongeraho ko ubu, ubuyobozi burimo bukora ibishoboka byose ngo buzigaruze zive mu baturage.

Izo mbunda zo mu bwoko ‘Real Gimmick Mini Revolver’ zinjiye mu Buyapani zitumijwe mu Bushinwa kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu mikino izwi nka ‘crane games’, ariko nubwo byagaragaraga ko ari ibikinisho bya palasitiki, nta kibazo zatera ku buzima bw’abantu, byaje kugaragara mu mabwiriza agenga imikoresheze yazo (technical specifications) ko zifitemo ubushobozi bwo kuba zanarashishwa nk’imbunda zisanzwe.

Buri mbunda muri izo zari zatumujwe nk’ibikinisho, izana n’amasasu yayo umunani (8), ashobora kuraswa akanapfumura ibintu bitandukanye, ndetse akaba yanakoreshwa mu gukanga abantu, ariko Polisi yo mu Buyapani yaje kumenya ko burya izo mbunda zishobora no kurasa amasasu asanzwe yica.

Polisi y’u Buyapani yasohoye urutonde rw’ubwoko 16 bw’imbunda zinjiye muri icyo gihugu nk’imbunda z’ibikinisho zituruka mu Bushinwa, nyamara zishobora no kurasa amasasu asanzwe yakomeretsa abantu akaba yanabica.

Kuva iryo tangazo risohotse ndetse n’urwo rutonde rwerekana ubwoko butandukanye bw’izo mbunda, byatangajwe ko kuzitunga binyuranyije n’itegeko rigenga ibijyanye no gutunga inkota n’imbunda mu Buyapani, bityo abaturage bose bafite izo mbunda z’ibikinisho basabwe kwihutira kuzigeza kuri sitasiyo ya Polisi ibegereye.

Izo mbunda za palasiti z’ibikinisho za ‘The Real Gimmick Mini Revolver’ zagurishijwe kuri za sosiyete 78 muri perefegitire 31, bikozwe na Sosiyete yazivanaga mu Bushinwa guhera mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 2024. Ubundi ngo zigenewe gukinishwa n’abana bafite imyaka 12 kuzamura, ariko abayobozi barimo kuburira abantu bazifite kugira ngo bamenye ko zishobora gukoreshwa nk’imbunda zisanzwe.

Abagore bari mu ndege 10 bose bategetswe gupimwa

Abo bagore, ni bamwe mu bari mu rugendo mu ndege ya Qatar Airways, icyo gihe bategekwa gukorerwa isuzuma rya muganga w’abagore ku ngufu, ibintu bo bafashe nk’ihohoterwa.

Ku wa Kane tariki 24 Nyakanga 2025, abo bagore babonye intsinzi yo mu rwego rw’ubutabera, ibemerera gutangira gukurikirana mu rukiko Qatar Airways.

Icyabaye, icyo gihe ku itariki 2 Ukwakira 2020, abayobozi ba Qatar bategetse abagore bose bari mu ndege zigera ku 10 zari i Doha, kuzivamo bakabanza gukorerwa ibizamini bya muganga w’abagore bikozwe ku ngufu, ibintu nk’ibidasanzwe ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Icyo cyemezo cyafashwe n’abayobozi ba Qatar, nyuma y’uko hari uruhinja rwari rwatoraguwe mu bwiherero bw’aho ku kibuga cy’indege, hakorwa iryo suzuma mu rwego rwo gushakisha uwaba ari nyina w’urwo ruhinja.

Abo bagore batanu bo muri Australia, bari bagannye ubutabera bwa Australia, barega kompanyi ya Qatar Airways, bemeza ko bakorewe ihohotera ndetse bagafungwa barengana.

Umwaka ushize wa 2024, urwo rukiko rwanzuye ko abo bagore batagomba gutanga ikirego cyibasira mu buryo butaziguye iyo kompanyi ya Qatar Airways.

Gusa, icyo cyemezo cy’urukiko ni cyo cyateshejwe agaciro kuri uyu wa Kane, ku rwego rw’ubujurire, kuko abacamanza batatu b’urukiko rw’ubujurire bemeje ibigize iyo dosiye bigomba gusuzumwa mu gihe cy’urubanza.

Nyuma gato y’icyo gikorwa, Guverinoma ya Qatar yari yasabye imbabazi, ivuga ko yababajwe n’ubwisanzure bwa muntu bwahungabanye ndetse n’umuhangayiko abo bagore bahuye na wo.

Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Qatar wari ku butegetsi muri icyo gihe, Khaled ben Khalifa ben Abdelaziz Al Thani, yasabye imbabazi ndetse yizeza ko hazokorwa iperereza rinyuze mu mucyo ushoboka, kandi yizeza ko Qatar yiyemeje kubungabunga umutekano n’ituze ku bagenzi bose bunyura muri icyo gihugu.

yagize ati “Ndasaba imbabazi mbikuye ku mutima kubera ibyo abagore bamwe bari bari mu ngendo z’indege bahuye nabyo”.

Muri rusange, icyo suzuma ryakozwe ku bagore 18, harimo 13 bakomoka muri Australia bari banyuze muri Qatar (transit) berekeza i Sydney n’abandi bakomoka mu bindi bihugu harimo u Bufaransa, u Bwongereza n’ahandi.

Ubwo buryo bushya burimo gutegurwa, ni bwo bugezweho kandi buzatangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa muri uyu mwaka wa 2025. Ni uburyo buzafasha ubuyobozi kumenya ubwoko n’ingano y’imyuka ihumanya buri kinyabiziga gisohora hashingiwe ku bipimo bya siyansi. Abafite ibinyabiziga, bazajya basabwa gukora ibikenewe, mu gihe bigaragaye ko ikigero cy’imyuka ihumanye kirenze icyemewe.

Bitandukanye n’isuzuma rusange ry’umutekano w’ibinyabiziga (contrôle technique) risanzwe rikorwa, rigasuzuma ibintu bitandukanye, nk’amapine, feri n’ibindi bijyanye n’uko ikinyabiziga kimeze, ubwo buryo bushya bwo, buzajya bureba iby’iyo myuka ihumanya ubwayo. Buzajya bupima ibinyabutabire biri mu muyoboro w’imyuka isohoka mu binyabiziga, birimo;
Monokiside ya karubone (CO), Hydrokaruboni (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), ndetse n’ibyitwa ‘particulate matter (PM2.5)’.

Ibyo bigiye gutangira gukorwa, ni ingenzi kuko umwuka uhumanye cyane mu Rwanda, by’umwihariko mu Mujyi wa Kigali, n’ahandi hamwe na hamwe, kuko guhumana kwawo kwageze ku rwego ruteye impungenge. Imibare y’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, igaragaza ko umwuka abantu bahumeka mu gihugu, ushobora kuba uhumanye inshuro eshanu ugereranyije n’igipimo giteganyijwe ku rwego mpuzamahanga.

Raporo ku buziranenge bw’umwuka yakozwe na Guverinoma mu 2018, yerekanye ko ibipimo by’ikinyabutabire cya ‘PM2.5’ bigera ku nshuro 5 z’izo Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima ( OMS/WHO) ryemera nk’urugero ntarengwa rwa ‘5 µg/m³’ ku mwaka. Kandi ibinyabiziga bifite moteri zishaje ni kimwe mu bikomeje guteza icyo kibazo.

Intego nyamukuru y’ikoreshwa ry’ubwo buryo bushya, ni ugutuma ibinyabiziga bisohora imyuka yangiza irengeje 0.1g/km bigaragara, noneho bigasanwa cyangwa se bitakosorwa bikavanwa mu muhanda burundu.

Ibyo bipimo bijyanye n’ibisabwa muri “Euro 4”, kuko ari yo u Rwanda rwahisemo kugenderaho muri izo ngamba,bitewe n’uko rufite ibinyabiziga byinshi byakoreshejwe. Iyo ruramuka ruhisemo gushyira mu bikorwa “Euro 7” byari gutuma ibinyabiziga hafi ya byose biri mu gihugu, bidakomeza kwemererwa kugenda mu mihanda.

Icyo gikorwa kandi cyo gusuzuma imyuka isohoka mu binyabiziga mu Rwanda, kigamije guhuza iterambere n’ubuzima bwiza, aho iterambere ry’ubwikorezi ridatuma umwuka abantu bahumeka uba mubi. Gusa, gushyira mu bikorwa ibikubiye muri ‘Euro 4’ bizafasha kongera ubwiza bw’umwuka abantu bahumeka, ariko bidahungabanyije imibereho y’abakoresha ibinyabiziga bishaje.

Ni ibiki bigiye guhinduka?

Isuzuma ry’ibinyabiziga rizwi nka “contrôle technique” risanzwe rikorwa harebwa niba imodoka ifite ubuzima bwizewe bwatuma ikomeza kugenda mu muhanda. Hari aho bareba n’umwotsi, ariko ntibareba ubwoko bw’umwotsi usohoka, n’ibiwusohokamo bihumanya, byasuzumwe ku buryo bwimbitse.

Ubwo buryo bushya rero, buzifashisha ibyuma cyangwa se ibikoresho bigezweho bipima imyuka, ndetse bushobora no kwifashisha ‘systems’ zizwi nka “PEMS” (Portable Emissions Measurement Systems) ku binyabiziga binini. Ni uburyo kandi buzaba buhagarariwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe kurengera ibidukikije (REMA), ariko buhurizwe hamwe n’uburyo bw’isuzuma ry’ibinyabiziga busanzwe bukorwa na Polisi.

Ubwo buryo bushya kandi, buzashyira u Rwanda ku rwego rw’ibihugu byubahiriza amasezerano mpuzamahanga ajyana n’ikiswe ‘Paris Climate Agreement’, asaba ko habaho kugabanuka kw’imyotsi ihumanya ituruka mu rwego rw’ubwikorezi.
Ni ikihe kiguzi bizasaba?

Leta yashyizeho igiciro cyangwa se ikiguzi cy’ibisabwa, bitewe n’ubwoko bw’ikinyabiziga n’urwego rw’ubushobozi bw’ababitunze ;
Moto zose, ( yaba izo abantu bagendaho bisanzwe n’izikora ubucuruzi cyangwa ubwikorezi rusange) zizajya zishyura 16.000 Frw ku mwaka, by’umwihariko izikoresha moteri za “2-stroke”.
Imodoka nto: 30.000 Frw ku mwaka
SUVs: 51.588 Frw ku mwaka
Taxis: 30.000 Frw, ariko zo zizasaba gupimwa kabiri ku mwaka
Amakamyo n’ibindi binyabiziga binini, harategurwa uburyo bwihariye, burimo no kubipima bihagaze (real-world testing - PEMS)

Nubwo bishoboka ko hari bamwe bazagira impungenge z’uko ibinyabiziga byabo bizapimwa bigasanga bitujuje ibisabwa, bityo bagasabwa amafaranga yo kubisana, ariko inyungu n’ibyiza ubwo buryo bushya bwo gupima imyuka yo mu binyabiziga buzazana ku bidukikije no ku buzima bw’abantu, harimo kubarinda indwara zo mu buhumekero, kugira umwuka wo guhumeka usukuye, kugira ibinyabiziga bikoresha lisansi neza, ziruta kure icyo kiguzi cyo gusana ikinyabiziga kitujuje ibisabwa mu isuzuma.

Ibibazo by’ubuzima rusange

Imiterere y’u Rwanda ituma imyuka ihumanya iguma hasi, cyane cyane mu mibande yo muri Kigali. Imibare ya Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yerekana ko abantu barenga Miliyoni 3.3 bagannye serivisi z’ubuvuzi kubera indwara z’ubuhumekero mu mwaka wa 2023.

Moto zonyine, zihariye hejuru ya 30% y’ibinyabiziga biri mu gihugu, kandi ngo ni zo zigize igice kinini cy’ikibazo gihari, kuko moteri zishaje zisohora imyuka myinshi yangiza. Ni yo mpamvu isuzuma ry’iyo myuka rizafasha mu kuvana moto zishaje mu muhanda no guteza imbere moto zikoresha amashanyarazi.

U Rwanda rufite urubuga rukoreshwa mu kugenzura ubwiza bw’umwuka ari rwo uru

Hari na application ya telefoni umuntu ashobora kwifashisha.
Ku wa kabiri, tariki 22 Nyakanga, iryo koranabuhanga ryerekanye ko Kigali yari mu ibara ritukura, mu gihe i Delhi, mu Buhinde, ahasanzwe hazwi cyane ko haba umwuka uhumanye cyane, ho byari mu ibara ry’umuhondo, bivuze ko mu Buhinde byari byiza kurusha muri Kigali.

Ibitekerezo by’abaturage

Bamwe mu baturage baribaza bati, “Kuki bigiye gukorwa ubu? Ese ntibizagira ingaruka ku bantu batunze imodoka zishaje? Leta irashaka amafaranga inyuze muri ubwo buryo?”

Ubuyobozi bwemeza ko ibyo bibazo byose byatekerejweho. Kuba u Rwanda rutarahise rugera kuri Euro 6 cyangwa Euro 7, ni uko rwari ruzi ko byatuma abenshi mu bafite imodoka zishaje badakomeza kuzikoresha. Ahubwo rwahisemo gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwa Euro 4 bwemera gusana ibinyabiziga bijyanye n’ibisabwa, kandi n’ibiciro by’iryo suzuma byagenwe harebwe ku bushobozi bw’abafite ibinyabiziga cyane cyane kuri za moto, no kubatwara imodoka ntoya zitwara abagenzi (city cab owners).

Ikindi, ubwo ngo ntabwo ari uburyo bwo gukusanya imisoro, ahubwo ni ukugira ngo haboneke igisubizo kirambye kuri icyo kibazo gihari. Ikindi ni uko niba imodoka y’umuntu runaka itsinzwe mu isuzuma, azahabwa raporo y’imyuka ikeneye kugabanywa. Garage zose zizahugurwa ku bisabwa muri iryo koranabuhanga, n’ibindi birimo guhindura amavuta, hagakoreshwa ayizewe atari abonetse yose. Ibyo byose kandi bishingiye ku bushakashatsi, ntabwo igitekerezo cy’abayobozi gusa.

Bisabwa ko hafatwa ingamba mu rwego rw’Akarere, ariko u Rwanda rwafashe iya mbere
Nubwo u Rwanda rufite ibinyabiziga bicyeya kurusha ibindi bihugu bituranye narwo, ariko rwahisemo gutanga urugero. Umwuka uhumanye ntumenya imipaka y’ibihugu. Imiyaga isanzwe izana imyuka ituruka no mu bihugu bihana imbibe n’u Rwanda.

Hashyizweho amategeko mu rwego rw’Akarere ka Afurika y’u Burasirazuba, ajyana n’ubuziranenge bw’umwuka, ariko ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo rikorwa ku buryo butandukanye. Ibyo U Rwnda rugiye gutangira gukora, bishobora kuba intangiriro nziza y’ubufatanye mu rwego rw’Akarere.

Ibikorwa biteganyijwe

Kanama 2025: Gutangira ubukangurambaga kuri moto
Guhera 2026: Gukomeza gukomereza ku bindi binyabiziga (imodoka z’abantu ku giti cyabo, taxis, SUVs, n’amakamyo)

Ibirimo gukorwa ubu: Gushyira ibikoresho bipima umwuka ahantu henshi no kugira ibikorwaremezo bifasha mu gusangira amakuru.

Icyerekezo ni uko u Rwanda ruzagira umwuka mwiza, abaturage bafite ubuzima bwiza, n’ubwikorezi butangiza ibidukikije. Ubutumwa butangwa bursobanutse, Umwuka mwiza si ukwinezeza, ahubwo ni uburenganzira bwa buri wese.

Mu cyumweru gishize, nibwo abakozi b’ikigo cya Siam Rayong Foundation gikora ibikorwa byo kwita ku mibereho myiza y’imiryango ifite ibibazo bitandukanye harimo n’ubukene, kikabaha ubufasha butandukanye yaba kubaha amikoro, kubagira inama n’ibindi, bahamagawe mu rugo rw’uwo mugabo wari utuye ahitwa i Ban Chang mu Karere ka Rayong kugira ngo baze bamufashe kuko afite ikibazo.

Abakozi b’icyo kigo bahuruzwa, babwirwaga ko uwo mugabo basabwa kuza gufasha, yagize ikibazo cya ‘seizure’ kirangwa n’ubwonko bwanze gukora uko bisanzwe, bije mu buryo butunguranye, bikajyana no guhinduka kudasanzwe kw’imyitwarire ye, ndetse ko yatakaje ubwenge ku buryo atarimo kumenya aho ari.

Ikibabaje, abo baje gutabara, bageze mu rugo rw’uwo mugabo witwaga Thaweesak Namwongsa, basanga amaze gupfa, nyuma bakurikiranye amakuru ye, bamenya ko ari umugabo wari iminsi micyeya atandukanye n’umugore we, ariko akaba afite w’umwana w’umuhungu w’ingimbi w’imyaka 16 babanaga mu nzu.

Uwo mwana niwe wabwiye abo bari baje gutabara ko Namwongsa yari amaze ukwezi kurenga atunzwe n’inzoga gusa. Umunsi umwe atashye avuye ku ishuri, ngo yasanze Se aryamye ku gitanda cye, ariko ameze nabi, atazi aho ari, yatakaje ubwenge, igitanda cye kizengurutswe n’amacupa menshi yamazemo inzoga.

Abaje gutabara basanze umugabo yapfuye, ariko hari akanya gato kanyura hagati y’ayo macupa y’inzoga yari amukikije, bishoboka ko ari ko yakoreshaga yinjira cyangwa asohoka mu nzu asubira ku gitanda cye, mu gihe yari akibishobora.

Umuhungu yabwiye Polisi mu gihe yari ihageze ije gukurikirana uko urupfu rw’uwo mugabo rwagenze, ko yatekeraga Se ibyo kurya buri munsi uko yabaga avuye ku ishuri, ariko akanga kurya na kimwe, ku buryo yatunzwe n’inzoga gusa mu kwezi kurenga.

Yemeza ko nta yindi ndwara azi umubyeyi we yarwaga, kandi ntiyerura ngo avuge ko yaba yarahungiye mu nzoga kugira ngo yiyibagize ibya gatanya yari avuyemo n’umugore we, ariko bikekwa ko guhungabana kw’amarangamutima ye, bivuturutse kuri uko gutandukana n’uwo bashakanye ari byo byamuteye gusimbuza ibyo kurya inzoga gusa, yibwira ko zashobora kumutunga.

Inzobere mu by’imirire, zivuga ko mu nzoga habonekamo ibyitwa ‘calories’, ariko nta ntungamubiri umuntu akenera ngo abeho neza zirimo. Ibyo rero bituma, kunywa inzoga gusa, zigasimbuzwa amafunguro yose, bishyira ubuzima mu kaga, harimo kubura intungamubiri zikenewe, kwangirika k’umwijima. Ubundi ngo kunywa inzoga byagombye kuba mu rugero nk’uko bishimangirwa n’inzobere mu by’ubuzima.

Amerika yageze mu bihugu bitanu u Rwanda rwoherezamo ibicuruzwa byinshi, isimbura u Bwongereza

Nk’uko bigaragara mu mibare mishya yatangajwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ibarurishamibare (NISR) mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’umwaka wa 2025, Amerika yabaye igihugu cya gatanu u Rwanda rwoherejemo ibicuruzwa byinshi, ihita ivana u Bwongereza kuri urwo rutonde.

Imibare yerekana ko muri Werurwe 2025 gusa, u Rwanda rwohereje muri Amerika ibicuruzwa bifite agaciro ka Miliyoni 5.17 z’Amadolari ya Amerika, bituma izamuka ijya mu bihugu bitanu bya mbere u Rwanda rwoherezamo ibicuruzwa byinshi.

Ibicuruzwa u Rwanda rumaze igihe rwohereza muri Amerika harimo ikawa, icyayi, ibihangano by’ubugeni ndetse n’imyenda.

Kubera amasezerano yerekeye iby’amabuye y’agaciro arimo kuganirwaho muri iki gihe, akaba ari igice kimwe cy’amasezerano yagutse yo ku rwego rw’Akarere, hashobora kuzabaho kwiyongera cyane kw’ibicuruzwa u Rwanda rwohereza hanze.

Ku itariki 13 Gicurasi 2025, Amerika yasinyanye amasezerano y’ubufatanye na sosiyete ya Trinity Metals ikora ibijyanye n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro mu Rwanda, hamwe na Nathan Trotter yo muri Amerika, ayo masezerano akaba agamije gushyiraho imikoranire ihamye mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro ya ‘tin’.

Ubwo bufatanye bw’inzego za Leta n’abikorera buzashorwamo agera kuri Miliyoni 100 z’Amadolari, bugamije gukura ayo mabuye mu birombe bya Trinity Metals biri mu Rwanda, akagera muri Amerika, dore ko ari amabuye akenewe cyane mu nganda z’ikoranabuhanga no mu ngufu zisubira.

Nubwo agaciro k’ibicuruzwa u Rwanda rwohereza muri Amerika kataragera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga, ariko iyo ni intambwe ikomeye igaragaza impinduka y’isura y’isoko ry’u Rwanda, kuko ubundi ryahoze rishingiye cyane cyane ku kohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi mu bihugu byo mu Burasirazuba bwo hagati, Afurika no mu Burayi.

Iyo raporo igaragaza ko mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025, ibihugu u Rwanda rwoherejemo byinshi cyane, harimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu (UAE), Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC), u Bushinwa, Luxembourg na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Mu gihembwe cyabanje, ni ukuvuga igihembwe cya kabiri cya 2024, u Bwongereza ni bwo bwari bufite umwanya wa gatanu, ku rutonde rw’ibihugu bya mbere u Rwanda rwoherezamo ibicuruzwa byinshi, buza imbere ya Amerika.

Kwinjira kwa Amerika kuri urwo rutonde byerekana ukwiyongera k’ubuhahirane hagati y’ibihugu byombi, cyane cyane mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi bw’ikawa ndetse n’ubw’ibikorerwa mu gihugu.

Muri rusange, ubucuruzi bw’u Rwanda bugaragaza kuzamuka n’ubudahangarwa bushimishije, kubera ko ayinjiye aturuka mu bicuruzwa rwohereje hanze yiyongereye ava kuri Miliyoni 541 z’Amadolari mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2024 agera kuri Miliyoni 705 mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’uyu mwaka wa 2025, bivuze ko yazamutseho 30%.

Iyo ni yo mibare yo hejuru yabayeho mu bijyanye n’ubucuruzi bwo kohereza ibintu hanze, ugereranyije n’ibindi bihembwe byose byabayeho mu myaka itatu ishize.

Uko kuzamuka kandi, kwanatewe ahanini n’iyoherezwa mu mahanga ry’ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bitigeze bivugwaho cyane, byiganjemo amabuye y’agaciro nka zahabu na tantalum ndetse n’umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi no ku matungo.

Ku rundi ruhande, ibyo u Rwanda rutumiza hanze byaragabanutse, biva kuri Miliyari 1.81 z’Amadolari mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2024, bigera kuri Miliyari 1.63 z’Amadolari mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025.

Izo mpinduka zatumye icyuho cy’ubucuruzi (trade deficit) ku Rwanda kigabanuka kiva kuri Miliyari 1.1 y’Amadolari kigera kuri Miliyoni 867 z’Amadolari.

Ubucuruzi bwo kohereza hanze ibicuruzwa byari byarabanje gutumizwa mu mahanga, bigahindurwaho gato cyangwa se ntihagire icyo bihindurwaho nyuma bikongera koherezwa mu mahanga (re-exports), nabwo bwazamutseho gato, buva kuri Miliyoni 164 z’Amadolari bugera kuri Miliyoni 173 z’Amadolari.

Ubucuruzi hagati y’u Rwanda n’ibihugu bigize Umuryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) nabwo bwagaragayemo impinduka zitandukanye. Ibicuruzwa u Rwanda rwohereje muri EAC byariyongereye biva kuri Miliyoni 7.8 Z’Amadolari mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2024 bigera kuri Miliyoni 10.2 z’Amadolari mu gihembwe cya mbere cya 2025.

Ibihugu bya Sudani y’Epfo n’u Burundi ni byo bikomeje kuba ku isonga mu bihugu byo muri EAC u Rwanda rwoherezamo ibicuruzwa byinshi.

Gusa, ubucuruzi bw’ibyo u Rwanda rutumiza hanze rukongera rukabigurisha(re-exports) mu Karere, bwo bwaragabanutse, bivuze ko habayeho kugabanuka kw’abakenera ibicuruzwa nk’ibyo, harimo ibikomoka kuri peteroli, ibikorerwa mu nganda ndetse n’ibiribwa.

Ku bijyanye n’ibyo u Rwanda rutumiza bituruka mu bihugu bya EAC, Tanzania ikomeje kuba ku isonga, kuko ni ho haturuka kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibyo u Rwanda rutumiza muri EAC, igakurikirwa na Kenya, nubwo ibituruka muri Kenya byagabanutse ugereranyije n’igihembwe cyabanje (cya kabiri 2024).

Ubucuruzi na RDC bwakomeje kwiyongera, iki gihugu cyishyuye Miliyoni 47.5 z’Amadolari ku bicuruzwa byoherezwayo biturutse mu Rwanda, hakiyongeraho asaga Miliyoni 166 z’Amadalari yaturutse mu bicuruzwa byoherejweyo nyuma yo kubanza kubitumiza mu hanze, ibyo bikaba biyigira umufatanyabikorwa wa kabiri mu bucuruzi bwose bw’u Rwanda.

Ubucuruzi bw’u Rwanda n’u Burundi bwagabanutseho gato yaba ku byoherezwa biturutse mu Rwanda no ku byo rutumiza hanze nyuma rukabigurishayo (re-exports).

Ubucuruzi n’indi miryango ihuza ibihugu nabwo bwagaragayemo impinduka zitandukanye, hamwe burazamuka ahandi buragabanuka.

Ubucuruzi hagati y’u Rwanda n’ibihugu bigize umuryango wa COMESA bwarazamutse, mu gihe mu bihugu bigize umuryango wa SADC bwo bwagabanutseho gato. Ubumwe bw’u Burayi (EU) bwakomeje kuba isoko rinini ry’ibitumizwa hanze. Gusa, ibicuruzwa u Rwanda rwohererezayo byariyongereye cyane, bigabanya icyuho cyo mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi.

Umuryango w’Ubukungu w’Ibihugu bya Afurika y’u Burengerazuba (ECOWAS) wo wakomeje kugira uruhare ruto cyane mu bucuruzi bw’u Rwanda, haba mu byo rwoherezayo no mu byo rutumizayo.

U Rwanda rukomeje kwagura isoko ry’ibyo rwohereza hanze no kongera abafatanyabikorwa barwo mu by’ubucuruzi, ibipimo bishya byerekana impinduka zigaragara rurimo rukora mu mibanire yarwo n’amahanga mu bucuruzi.

Kwinjira kwa Amerika mu bihugu by’ingenzi u Rwanda rwoherezamo ibicuruzwa bishobora gufungura andi mahirwe mashya y’ubucuruzi, cyane cyane ku ikawa, amabuye y’agaciro n’ibikorerwa mu Rwanda.

Tom Transfers, imwe muri sosiyete zivugwaho uburiganya

Uwabikoze yari umukozi w’urubuga rwakira ubusabe bw’impushya, wafunguye konti z’impimbano, azikoresha mu kunyereza Amadolari asaga 478,000 avuye mu bwishyu bwabaga bwakozwe byemewe n’amategeko.

Ibyo uwo mukozi yakoze, byamenyekanye nyuma y’uko akoresheje ayo mafaranga mu kugura imitungo itandukanye, akayandikisha mu mazina ye bwite.

Uwo ni umwe mu bandi benshi bavugwa muri Raporo y’Igihugu yo mu 2024, y’isesengura ku mafaranga anyerezwa n’ashobora kuba yakoreshwa mu gutera inkunga iterabwoba (Rwanda’s 2024 National Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing Risk Assessment Report), muri iyo raporo hagaragazwa ko asaga Miliyari 93 z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda yanyerejwe, ava mu mutungo w’Igihugu hagati y’umwaka wa 2019 na 2024.

Muri iyo raporo bivugwa ko ibyaha byagaragaye muri uko guhungabanya ubukungu bw’Igihugu harimo Kunyereza umutungo (embezzlement), Uburiganya (fraud), ibibazo bijyanye n’imisoro (Taxe crimes) n’ibyaha byo kuri Interineti (cybercrimes). Ibyaha bine bya mbere byihariye 96% by’amafaranga yanyerejwe yose.

Raporo ya 2018-2019 yagaragaje ko ibyaha bijyanye n’imisoro byihariye 20% by’Amafaranga yanyerejwe, bingana na Miliyari 18.77 z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

Ibyaha bikomeye byagaragaye

Kunyereza umutungo 39%

Ni cyo cyaha cyakozwe hanyerezwa amafaranga menshi kurusha ibindi. Iperereza ryakorewe ku manza 734 z’ubuhemu, harimo urw’umuyobozi wa banki wahawe amazina ya Mr Nk, wakoresheje konti zitagikoreshwa na ba nyirazo (dormant accounts) yohereza Miliyoni 289Frw mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko. Uwo yakatiwe n’urukiko gufungwa imyaka 7 no gutanga ihazabu ya Miliyoni 867Frw.

Uburiganya 24%

Uburiganya bwakoreshejwe mu kunyereza abarirwa muri 20% y’ayanyerejwe yose hagati ya 2019-2024. Ibirego byatanzwe muri urwo rwego bikaba bibarirwa muri 837. Raporo ivuga ko uburiganya bwahinduye isura, bukajya mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, hazamo ubucuruzi bw’amafaranga y’uruhererekane (pyramid schemes), uburiganya bwa za ‘Mobile Money’ n’uburiganya bwa ‘cryptocurrency’.

Muri dosiye imwe, umunyamahanga yashinze banki y’impimbano ayita ‘XXX Ltd’, ayikoresha mu kunyereza Miliyoni 3.4 z’Amadolari, binyuze muri sosiyete 48 z’impimbano.

Izo sosiyete byaje kugaragara ko zakoreraga mu bihugu bya Zambia, u Butaliyani, u Rwanda na Canada, zitwikiriye ishoramari ry’ikinyoma kugira ngo zishobore kubona amafaranga. Mu gihe cy’iperereza inzego z’u Rwanda zashoboye kugaruza Miliyoni 2.4 z’Amadolari.

Hari kandi umukozi w’Umunyarwanda wakoraga ku rubuga rusabirwaho ibyangombwa byo kureba ingagi, washoboye kunyereza Amadolari 478,086 yishyuwe n’abakerarugendo, hanyuma agura imitungo itandukanye ayandika mu mazina ye. Yahanishijwe gufungwa imyaka 10 muri gereza no gutanga ihazabu ya Miliyoni 2.3 z’Amadolari.

Ku byaha bijyanye n’imisoro, nubwo ikigo cy’u Rwanda cy’imisoro n’amahoro, (Rwanda Revenue Authority) cyavuguruye uburyo bwo gukurikirana abanyereza imisoro, ariko ubushobozi buracyari bucyeya, ku buryo ibyaha byamenyekanye byo muri urwo rwego ari 116 gusa (2019-2024), ariko byabyaye igihombo gikomeye cyo ku rwego rw’Igihugu.

Ibyaha byo kuri interineti, cyane cyane bishamikiye ku buriganya bukorerwa kuri Mobile Money no ku makarita, ibyo bikaba byarihariye 13% by’ayanyerejwe. Hari umunyamahanga umwe washoboye kohereza mu Rwanda Amadolari 3,970 yari yibye abinyujije mu cyitwa ‘Xoom’ gikoreshwa mu kohereza amafaranga hirya no hino ku Isi.

Abanyarwanda 14 bari bahawe ikiraka cyo kubikura ayo mafaranga buri wese yishyuwe 20,000 by’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda, ariko uwacuze uwo mugambi we, yahanishijwe gufungwa imyaka ine (4) muri gereza.

Nubwo hari za Miliyari z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda zanyerejwe, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yashoboye kugira macye cyane igaruza. Iyo raporo igaragaza ko muri dosiye zose 44 zijyanye no kunyereza umutungo wa Leta zakozweho iperereza muri icyo gihe, agera kuri Miliyoni 780.9Frws (Ni ukuvuga 636,000 by’Amadolari) yarafatiriwe binyuze mu byemezo by’urukiko, andi Miliyoni 40.4 z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda afatirwa avuye ku banyamahanga bakekwagaho uruhare muri uko kunyereza umutungo.

Ibyo bivuze ko Leta yashoboye kugaruza atagera no kuri 1% by’ayanyerejwe yose nk’uko bikubiye muri iyo raporo.

Igira iti “Hari intege nkeya mu kugaruza umutungo wa Leta unyerezwa, kubera ibikoresho bicyeya, amahugurwa adahagije, ndetse n’imikoranire micyeya mu bijyanye no kwambukiranya imipaka, ibyo byose bidindiza uburyo bwo kugaruza umutungo wa Leta wanyerejwe”.

Iyo raporo kandi yagaragaje ko mu nzego zifite ibyago byinshi byo guhura n’ibyaha bishingiye ku mafaranga, harimo urwego rujyana n’ubuguzi n’ubukode bw’imitungo itimukanwa (real estate), bitewe ahanini n’uko nta mageteko abagenga ahagije ahari.

Nyuma y’iyo mibare yose, byagaragajwe ko u Rwanda ruhanganye n’ikibazo gikomeye cy’ibyaha byo mu rwego rw’imari (complex financial crime), kandi hakenewe amavugurura byihutirwa.

Iyo raporo yagarutse ku ngamba zagombye gufatwa muri urwo rwego, harimo kuvugurura no gukosora amategeko ajyanye n’imicungire y’umutungo wa Leta. Kongera ubushobozi bw’abagenzacyaha n’ubushinjacyaha, guteza imbere ubufatanye mpuzamahanga, gushyiraho uburyo bwo gukurikirana imitungo yafatiriwe, kuvugurura uburyo bwo kubona amakuru n’ibindi.

U Rwanda kandi rurategenya kongera ubushobozi mu bijyanye no gufata no guhana abakora ibyaha byo kunyereza umutungo wa Leta, no kuba umunyamuryango w’icyitwa (Egmont Group), rugamije kongera imikoranira mpuzamahanga.

Hadija Yahiya avuga ko yavukiye mu Mujyi wa Mombasa, ariko akurira mu Mujyi wa Nairobi. Yataye ishuri akiri mutoya kubera ubukene umuryango we wari urimo. Yisanze mu buzima bugoye bumusaba gutunga umuryango we, harimo abana be babiri yareraga wenyine nta mugabo, ndetse na nyina uri mu zabukuru kandi ari umurwayi. Ikindi kandi, yari afite ideni ry’inshuti ye yamutangiye ingwate y’Amashilingi ya Kenya 10.000 (Ksh 10.000) yasabwaga kugira ngo afungurwe.

Byatangiye Hadija yisanga afunzwe kubera ko yafashwe acuruza ibiyobyabwenge, ashakisha amafaranga yo gutunga umuryango we, kubera ko musaza we mukuru wari usanzwe awufasha, yari yishwe arashwe mu gihe yari mu kazi ashakisha, bituma usigara mu bibazo by’imibereho igoye cyane.

Iyo nshuti yamutangiye ingwate, yari umwe mu bo Hadija yajyaga agurishaho ibiyobyabwenge nk’uko abisobanura agira ati, “ Uwo muntu yari inshuti yanjye najyaga ngurishaho ibiyobyabwenge, niwe wantangiye ayo mashilingi mu gihe nari maze iminsi ibiri (2) mfungiye kuri sitasiyo ya polisi. Ni we nari niringiye wenyine, kuko nta wundi muntu nari mfite wantangira iyo ngwate, yaba uwo mu muryango cyangwa se indi nshuti”.

Nyuma yo gufungurwa, inshuti ye imwe yamubajije niba yiteguye kuba yakora akazi ako ari ko kose, kugira ngo yishyure ayo mashilingi yagurijwe nk’ingwate. Hadija atazuyaje yavuze ko yiteguye gukora icyo yabona cyose uretse kwica gusa, ariko akabona ubwo bwishyu ndetse n’ibimutungira umuryango.

Umunsi ukurikiyeho, yazindutse kare cyane ajya kureba iyo nshuti yamwizeje ko igiye kumurangira akazi, asanga arimo apakira ibikoresho bitandukanye bijyanye n’ubwiza (make-ups) mu bikapu bibiri.

Hadija yagize ati, “ iyo nshuti yanjye yahise ambwira ati, tugende hari ahantu tugiye guhurira n’indi nshuti yanjye maze dutangire akazi. Ubwo yampaye igikapu kimwe nawe afata ikindi dutangira urugendo nabonaga ari rurerure, tugera ku buruhukiro bw’ibitaro, ahashyirwa imirambo. Kandi njyewe nari nabwiwe gusa ko hari umuntu tugiye guhura ubundi tukajya mu kazi”.

Bageze kuri ubwo buruhukiro (morgue), inshuti ya Hadija wari umujyanye gutangira akazi, yasuhije abakozi bahakora, ariko bigaragara ko ari abantu basanzwe baziranye nabo, hanyuma ababaza niba hari abakiliya bahari.

Hadija ati,” Akibaza niba hari abakiriya bahari, numvise ari ikintu kintunguye cyane. Ubwo twinjira mu cyumba kimwe dusangamo imirambo itatu yashyizwe ku bitanda, maze inshuti yanjye ancira amarenga akoresheje ikiganza, anyereka ko akazi kacu tugiye gukora ari ako. Twasabwaga kurimbisha iyo mirambo kugeza ubwo igaragara neza”.

Akomeza agira ati, “ Inshuti yanjye yarambwiye iti, nureba iyi mirambo rero, ntuyibone nk’imirambo, ahubwo uyibone nk’ibibazo byawe wasize mu rugo, utekereze uko umuryango wawe urimo kubaho nabi, ukuntu nta byo kurya bafite, ukuntu mama wawe ari umurwayi, n’ukuntu ubukode bw’inzu bwashizemo. Icyo gihe nabanje kwibwira mu mutwe ko ntazagashobora , ariko nta bundi buryo nari mfite. Kuri buri murambo nasize ‘make ups’ uwo munsi, banyishyuye Amashilingi 5000 ntaha nakoreye imirambo ibiri banyishyura Amashilingi 10.000, hanyuma nkuraho Amashilingi 5000 nishyura wa wundi wantangiye ingwate, kugira ngo mfungurwe, nuko ambwira ko mushakira n’andi asigaye”.

Hadija yibuka ibintu bitandukanye yagiye abona agitangira ako kazi ko mu buruhukiro bw’imirambo, kuko ubu nubwo kabaye aho akura ibimutunga n’umuryango we, ngo ntiyagakundaga mu gihe yari akigatangira, uretse ko nta yandi mahitamo yari afite.

Mu byo yabonye bikamutera ubwoba, ngo harimo nko kwakira umurambo ariko akumva ugishyushye.Ubundi ngo hari ubwo babonaga nk’ukuboko k’umurambo kwirambuye nk’aho gushaka kubakoraho, n’ibindi.

Hadija ati, “ Ntabwo wabaga wemerewe gusakuza ngo uvuze induru cyangwa se kwerekana ko watunguwe, cyangwa se ko ufite ubwoba, kubera ko abandi bakoramo aho, bo babaga baramenyereye kubona ibintu nk’ibyo. Hari ahantu hagoye cyane kuhakorera”.

Akomeza agira ati, “ Hari ubwo naburaga ibitotsi burundu. Ubundi nkisanga mfite ubwoba bwinshi budasobanutse. Hari nubwo nibwiraga nti kwegera abana banjye ni ukubashyira mu kaga kuko numvaga ubwenge bwanjye bwarahindutse rwose. Ariko ako kazi maze imyaka ibiri ngakora kantungiye umuryango neza”.

Yasobanuye ko mu gihe, yabonye ikiraka cyo gusiga umurambo ariko agasanga utangiye kwangirika, wenda umutwe utagifashe neza ku gihimba, kubera ko watangiye kubora, yigishijwe uko agomba kwitwara muri icyo gihe, kandi agatanga serivisi asabwa neza.

Yatamajwe na DNA birangira yemeye umwana

Nyuma yo gutandukana n’umukunzi we, hashize iminsi 3 gusa abyaye umwana wabo w’umuhungu bise Louie mu 2022, uwo mugabo witwa Sheldon B. yahise atangira guhakana avuga ko atari we Se wa Louie, ndetse asaba ko hakorwa ikizamini cya DNA cyo kwemeza niba ari we wamubyaye koko.

Icyo gihe, Sheldon yasabwaga gutanga Amapawundi 94,000 ($125,800) yo kwita ku mwana, mu gihe ibisibizo bya DNA byaramuka byemeje ko ari we Se.

Nyina w’umwana, we ngo yumvaga nta mpungenge atewe no gupimisha DNA, kuko yari azi neza ko uwo mugabo ari we Se w’umwana, ariko aza gutungurwa no kubona ibisubizo bije bivuga ko nta sano bafitanye.

Nubwo uwo mubyeyi yari azi mu mutima we rwose ko nta wundi Se w’umwana we utari Sheldon, ariko mu maso y’urukiko, ibisubizo bya DNA ni byo byari ikimenyetso kitavuguruzwa ko ntaho bahuriye.

Uwo mugore yanze gucika intege, ahubwo anyura indi nzira, agamije gushaka uburenganzira bw’umwana we. Yahise agenda yinginga nyirabukwe (Nyina wa Sheldon B) witwa Katie amusaba ko yakwemera gutanga ibizimini bya DNA bikagereranywa n’iby’umwana we, ariko ajya kubikoresha mu yindi Laboratwari yumva yizeye.

Ibisubizo bije, byagaragaje rwose ko Louie ari umwuzukuru wa Katie, ibyo bivuze ko afitanye isano na Sheldon B nubwo yari yamwihakanye.

Ibyo bisubizo bigisohoka, uwo mugabo yisanze nta kindi yakora uretse kwemera ko yari yashatse umuha ibyangombwa by’ibihimbano byemeza ko atari we Se w’umwana.

Icyo yakoze ngo yashatse umuntu w’inshuti ukora muri Laboratwari ipima DNA witwa Robert P, amwemerera kumuha amafaranga naramuka ashoboye kugaragaza ko nta sano y’amaraso afitanye n’umwana we.

Uwo wo muri Laboratwari ngo yahise yemera, afata ibizamini kuri we, abipima abigereranya n’iby’umwana wa Sheldon B, bisohoka bigaragaza ko koko nta sano bafitanye.

Abo bombi bemeye ko bafatanyije mu gukora icyo cyaha cyo guhimba ibisubizo bya DNA, urukiko rubakatira gufungwa muri gereza mu gihe cy’ibyumweru 50, gusa ntibyavuzwe niba uwo wo muri Laboratwari yarigeze ahabwa igihembo yari yemerewe na Sheldon B muri ubwo buriganya yakoze. Urukiko rwahise rutegeko ko Sheldon B, agomba gutanga indezo nk’uko byari biteganyijwe.

Uwo mugore wabyaranye na Sheldon B, aganira n’ikinyamakuru The Sun yagize ati “Uru rwego rw’ubunyamwuga bucyeya, no gutatira icyizere cy’abantu nta wushobora kubyihanganira. Abarwayi bakwiye kumva bafite umutekano w’ubuzima bwabo kandi bubashywe mu gihe barimo bavurwa, cyane cyane mu kibazo gikora ku marangamutima y’abantu nk’iki, ibi ntibyari bikwiye kubaho”.

Aho mu Burusiya, ruswa muri Polisi ngo ni ikintu gikabije ku buryo abantu benshi bahura na cyo mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi. Ariko mu gace ka Rostov mu Majyepfo y’u Burusiya, abantu bafite impungenge kurusha uko byari bimeze mbere, kubera ingamba nshya zashyizweho n’ubuyobozi bwa Minisiteri y’umutekano mu gihugu, zigatangazwa nk’izizatanga umusururo mu kurwanya ruswa muri Polisi.

Izo ngamba zafashwe nk’izadasanzwe, kubera ko ubundi ni ibisanzwe ko umupolisi uri mu kazi ke ashinzwe, atagombye kwakira ruswa, ariko kubona ahemberwa kuba yanze kuyakira, ngo ni ibintu bidasanzwe nubwo byemejwe ko abapolisi batandukanye bamaze guhembwa, bijyanye n’iyo gahunda nshya.

Alexander Rechitsky, umuyobozi w’urwego rushinzwe kurwanya ruswa mu gace ka Rostov yagize ati,“ Vuba aha, twatangije gahunda yo kujya dushimira, tukanaha abapolisi amafaranga angana n’ayo bari bagiye guhabwa n’abakora ibikorwa bitandukanye binyuranyije n’amategeko, ibyo tukaba twabikoze nk’imwe mu ngamba zikomeye zo kurwanya ruswa.

Iyo gahunda nshya yatagijwe muri Rostov, izajya ituma umupolisi wanze ruswa ahembwa muri ubwo buryo, ariko n’uwari ugiye kuyimuha, ahita atangira gukurikiranwa mu nkiko ku cyaha cyo gutanga ruswa, nk’uko biteganywa mu ngingo ya 291 mu gitabo cy’amategeko mpanabyaha cy’u Burusiya.

Nubwo iyo gahunda igamije gukangurira abantu kwirinda gutanga ruswa, ariko bamwe mu bagize inteko ishinga amategeko mu Burusiya, bavuze ko ahubwo bishobora gufasha abapolisi basanzwe bakunda kuyaka.

Depite Andrei Alshevskikh yagize ati, “ Nimubitekereze neza. N’abakuru ba Polisi bazajya bisanga bashoye abo bayobora. Ubu umupolisi ashobora kwaka ruswa mu ibanga akayinezezamo, ariko mu gihe hagize ibigenda nabi, agahita atanga uwayimuhaye kugira ngo akurikiranwe, noneho we afatwe nk’intwari ndetse anahabwe angana n’ayo avuga ko yanze kwakira nka ruswa. Hari impungenge ko Polisi izahagarika inshingano zayo zisanzwe, ikibanda mu kwirirwa ihiga abayifasha kubona ayo mafaranga atangwa nk’ibihembo.’”

Mikhail Starshinov, undi mudepite nawe wagaragaje ikibazo iyo gahunda ifite, yabajije ubundi igituma ikorwa muri ako gace ka Rostov, abaza n’aho iyo ngengo y’imari yo guhamba abo balisi izajya iva, agaraza ko bizajya bisaba ko polisi igumana iyo ruswa yari yahawe, kandi ubwo bikaba ari ukuyishishikariza kuyaka n’ubundi.

Nubwo iyo gahunda itavugwaho rumwe kugeza ubu, ariko ubuyobozi bwa Minisiteri y’umutekano mu gihugu, ibinyujije ku mbuga za interineti zayo, yemeje ko bamwe mu bapolisi banze kwakira ruswa bamaze guhembwa harimo uwitwa Tural Safarov, umuyobozi muri polisi ishami ryo mu muhanda (traffic police inspector) uherutse guhabwa Ama-rubles 30,000 ($384) bivugwa ko yanze kwakira ruswa.

Avuga ku by’aka gahenge, Amb. Barack yagize ati, “ Minisitiri w’intebe wa Israel Benjamin Netanyahu na Perezida wa Syria Ahmad al Charaa, babifashijwemo na Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bemeranyijwe ku gahenge k’intambara, iyo ntambwe ishimwa na Turukiya na Jordania n’ibindi bihugu bituranye”.

Yakomeje agira ati, “ Turahamagarira Aba-Druze, Aba-Bedouins ndetse n’Aba-Sunite hamwe n’abandi gushyira intwaro hasi, bagahagurukira kubaka ikirango cya Syria nshya kandi ishyize hamwe ihuje. Turasaba Abanya-Syria bose, kubahana, bakabana mu mahoro n’ituze hamwe n’abaturanyi babo”.

Ako gahenge kemeranyijweho nyuma y’intambara yari imaze iminsi igenda yiyongera mu ntara ya Suwayda ahabaye imirwano yatangiye ku Cyumweru tariki 13 Nyakanga 2025, hagati y’abagize umutwe witwaza intwaro w’Aba-druze ndetse n’uw’Aba-Bédouins.

Israel yitwaje ko ishaka kurinda no gufasha abo mu bwoko bw’Aba-Druzes, yatangiye kongera ibitero igaba hirya no hino mu Syria, harimo n’iby’indege zirasa ziri mu kirere byagabwe mu ntara enye za Syria no mu Murwa mukuru Damas.

izo ndege zarashe ibiro bikuru by’ingabo ndetse n’Ibiro bya Perezida wa Repubulika ku wa Gatatu tariki 16 Nyakanga 2025.

Mbere gato y’uko ako gahenge kemeranywaho, Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga wa Turkiya Hakan yari yavuganye n’Umunyamabanga wa Leta wa Amerika Marco Rubio, yemeza ko uko kuba Israel iza muri iyo mirwano ibera ku butaka bwa Syria, bituma ikibazo kirushaho kongera ubukana.

Fidan yahamije ko igitero cyose kigabwa muri Syria bikozwe na Israel gihungabanya ubumwe n’ubudahangarwa bwa Syria kandi bikanabangamira gahunda zose zigamije amahoro mu rwego rw’Akarere.

Ni indwara bivugwa ko ifata mu buryo buteye ubwoba, kuko uyanduye abyimba umubiri ku buryo budasanzwe, akagira ibiheri binini ku ruhu bisa n’ibirimo amazi, ndetse n’ibisebe binuka nabi.

Umuntu wa mbere wishwe n’iyo ndwara, yamenyekanye ku itariki 9 Nyakanga 2025, akaba yari umukecuru w’imyaka 91 waguye iwe mu rugo.

Abayobozi bo muri ako gace, urupfu rwe baketse ko rwaba rwatewe n’izindi ndwara yari afite, ariko hashize iminsi micyeya, hapfa abandi bantu batatu b’abagabo bari bafite imyaka 55, 57 ndetse na 69.

Gusa, abo bapfuye bose ngo bari bafite ibimenyetso bimeze kimwe ku mibiri yabo, bafite kubyimba bidasanzwe, ku ruhu hakaza ibibara bijya kweruruka, ahandi hakajya ibiheri binini bisa n’ibirimo amazi.

Michael Nyamai, utuye muri ako gace yagize ati, “ Umuntu arabyimba kugeza ubwo ubona ameze nk’inzovu.”

Undi muturage utuye muri ako gace witwa Maulid Hassan aganira n’ikinyamakuru Tuko cyandikirwa aho muri Kenya, yagize ati, ,” Ntabwo tuzi iyi ndwara iyo ari yo”.

Nyuma y’imfu z’abantu bane, abaturage bari mu gahinda ko kubura abaturanyi, ariko bafite n’impungenge z’ubuzima bwabo nabo, bagasaba Leta ko yakwihutira gukora ibishoboka, igafata ingamba zituma iyo ndwara irimo kwica abantu imenyekana, ariko igashyiraho n’amabwiriza yafasha abantu kwirinda.

Inzego za Leta zatangaje ko abo bapfuye, bashobora kuba bazize guhumeka umwuka mubi uhumanye,uturuka mu nganda zegereye ahatuye abantu.

Ubuyobozi bwa Kawunti ya Mombasa bwamaze kohereza itsinda ry’abashinzwe gukora ubugenzuzi mu rwego rw’ubuzima, kugira ngo bafate ibizamini ku bantu batandukanye bavugwaho iyo ndwara, hanyuma bipimwe muri laboratwari hamenyekane iyo ari yo.

Imirambo y’abishwe n’iyo ndwara, yo ngo yajyanywe mu buruhukiro bw’ibitaro bya Coast General, aho biteganyijwe ko igomba kubagwa igakorwaho isuzuma rikenewe kugira ngo amakuru kuri iyo ndwara amenyekane.

Ingabo za nyuma zatashye zibarirwa muri 350 zari zimaze igihe zikora ibikorwa bya gisirikare zifatanyije n’iza Senegal.

Nyuma y’intsinzi ye mu matora yabaye muri Senegal mu 2024, Perezida Bassirou Diomaye Faye yahise asaba u Bufaransa kuvana ingabo zabwo muri Senegal bitarenze uyu mwaka wa 2025.

Bitandukanye n’uko byagenze ku bandi bategetsi bo mu bihugu byahoze bikolonizwa n’u Bufaransa, nyuma bikirukana ingabo zabwo harimo Burkina Faso, Mali ndetse na Niger, Perezida wa Senegal we, yavuze ko igihugu cye kizakomeza gukorana n’u Bufaransa mu bundi buryo, nubwo ingabo zabwo zaba zitakiri muri icyo gihugu.

Mu ijambo yavuze mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2024, Perezida Faye yagize ati, "Senegal ni igihugu kigenga, kandi gifite ubudahangarwa, kandi ubwo budahangarwa ntibwemerera ingabo z’amahanga kugira ibirindiro mu gihugu gifite ubudahangarwa. Gusa, u Bufaransa bwo buzakomeza kuba umufatanyabikorwa w’ingenzi kuri Senegal”.

Perezida Faye kandi yanasabye u Bufaransa gusaba imbabazi ku bikorwa bibi byakozwe mu gihe cy’ubukoloni, harimo n’ubwicanyi bwo ku itariki 1 Ukuboza 1944, hicwa abasirikare b’abanyafurika barwanaga ku ruhande rw’u Bufaransa mu gihe cy’intambara ya kabiri y’Isi.

Bamwe mu bagize Sosiyete ya OK Grandma

Iyo sosiyete itanga serivisi nyinshi zitandukanye zifasha abantu kugubwa neza no kugira umutuzo mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi, gusukura inzu, kwita ku bana, kwita ku mbwa zo mu rugo n’ibindi.

Ariko zimwe muri serivisi zidasanzwe zitangwa n’iyo sosiyete, ni uko umuntu ashobora gukodeshamo umugira mu birori cyangwa se mu muhango runaka yari yatumiwemo ariko akaba adashoboye kujyayo, yakodesha kandi umuntu ujya gusaba imbabazi mu mwanya we niba hari aho yagombaga kujya kuzisaba.

Uretse ibyo, muri iyo sosiyete umuntu yanakodesha ujya gusezera ku kazi mu mwanya we, kugira ngo yirinde kubabara cyangwa kuremererwa no gusiga abantu yari amenyeranye nabo mu kazi asezeye.

Sosiyete ya OK Grandma, bakunze kwita OK Oppa-Chan aho mu Buyapani, yashinzwe mu 2012, ariko kugeza n’ubu ni imwe muri sosiyete zifite serivisi zikunzwe cyane kandi zikenerwa n’abantu benshi muri icyo gihugu.

Ni sosyete ifite abantu basaga 100 bari mu zabukuru bakodeshwa nka ba nyirakuru b’abantu, bakaba biyumvamo ko bagifite akamaro gakomeye muri sosiyete, kuko bagifite ubumenyi bwo gutegura amafunguro meza aryoshye, ariko no kuba bazi kugumana n’abantu gusa, bakabaganiriza bakabamara irungu.

Kubera ko haba hari ababyeyi benshi bakodeshwa nka ba nyirakuru b’abantu, icyo umukiriya aba asabwa ni ukuvuga ibyo yifuza kuri uwo mubyeyi akeneye gukodesha, noneho sosiyete igahita imenya uwo imwoherereza kuko ibazi neza uko bateye bose.

Abo bakecuru nta nyandiko cyangwa se impamyabumenyi basabwa kugira ngo batangire gukora muri sosiyete OK Grandma, impamvu ngo ni uko mu bijyanye no gutegura amafunguro gakondo, abo babyeyi bagereranywa n’inzobere mu guteka mu mahoteri, ikindi baba bazobereye mu gusukura inzu no kwita ku bana neza, bagendeye ku bunararibonye bakuye mu kurera ababo, bamwe muri bo ndetse ngo baba bazi kwandika neza, ku buryo bita ku bana, bakanabigisha kwandika bari mu rugo.

Umwe mu bakiriya ba OK Grandma yanditse ku rubuga rwayo rwa interineti, agira ati “Ndashaka gutandukana n’umusore twari tumaze igihe dukundana, ariko sinshaka kubimubwira neruye neza, rero ndashaka nyogokuru wamperekeza tukajyanayo”.

Undi we yanditse agira ati “Nta bantu benshi mfite mu muryango baza kuntahira ubukwe, none ndashaka umubyeyi uza mu bukwe bwanjye, akamera nk’aho ari uwo mu muryango wanjye”.

Iyo umukiriya akodesheje uwo mubyeyi ufatwa nka nyirakuru, uretse Amadolari 23 yishyura kuri buri saha bamarana, yishyura n’amafaranga y’urugendo uwo mukecuru akoresha agera aho akenewe, kandi akishyura n’ibintu byose uwo mubyeyi yakenera mu gihe bari kumwe.

Sosiyete z’Abadage zikorera mu Rwanda zibangamiwe n’uko Abanyarwanda bazikorera batabona Viza z’icyo gihugu

Itsinda ry’abashoramari b’Abadage bakorera mu Rwanda, ribinyujije mu ibaruwa yandikiwe ibiro by’u Budage bishinzwe Ububanyi n’Amahanga (Auswärtiges Amt), ryanenze uburyo busigaye bukoreshwa mu gusaba viza, kubera ko muri iki gihe, ntibishoboka ko umuntu yabona viza imwemerera kujya mu bihugu bya ‘Schengen’ birimo n’u Budage, ayisabiye mu Rwanda.

Nyuma y’uko Abadipolomate bose b’Ababiligi birukanywe mu Rwanda, kandi ari bo bari bafite inshingano zo gukurikirana ibijyanye no gusaba no gutanga viza za Schengen, ubu abazishaka bibasaba kubanza gukora urugendo rujya muri Kenya, kuzisabira kuri Ambasade y’u Bubiligi iri i Nairobi.

Abashoramari bose basinye kuri iyo baruwa, bagaragaje ko kuba ibijyanye no gusaba viza byarimuriwe muri Kenya, ari ibintu bitwara igihe kinini kandi bigasaba n’amikoro menshi kurushaho.

Bagize bati “Ku byerekeye bizinesi zacu n’uburyo bw’imikoranire, bishingira ahanini ku guhinduranya abafatanyabikorwa hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Budage, rwose iyi gahunda yo kwimura ahasabirwa viza ifite ingaruka zikomeye mu buryo bwinshi, yaba mu bijyanye n’ingendo zikorwa mu rwego rwa bizinesi, ndetse n’imikoranire mu bijyanye na bizinesi ku buryo usanga bigoye mu rwego rw’ubukungu ndetse rimwe na rimwe ugusanga zitanashoboka”.

Abasinye kuri iyo baruwa kandi, banagaragaje ko batewe impungenge n’umubano mu bya politiki utameze neza muri iki gihe, hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Bubiligi.

Muri iyo baruwa, iryo tsinda ry’abashoramari b’Abadage, basabye Ibiro bishinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga ‘Foreign Office’, gukora ku buryo gusaba viza za Schengen byakongera kujya bikorerwa muri Kigali.

Umuvugizi w’Ibiro bishinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga yagize ati “Tubabazwa cyane no kuba umubano mu bya politiki utameze neza hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Bubiligi, birimo bigira ingaruka ku basaba za viza”.

Ati “Ibiro bishinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga bikomeje gukurikirana uko ikibazo kimeze, kandi byiga n’uburyo bwiza bwashobora korohereza abahura n’ingaruka zo kugorwa n’uko viza zisigaye zisabwa”.

Mu bashoramari 15 basinye iyo baruwa, abenshi ni abafite za sosiyete zikora ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga, harimo ‘The Federal Association of IT SMEs (BITMi)’, ‘The Federal Association of Medium-Sized Businesses (BVMW)’, ndetse na ‘The German-African Business Association’.

Perezida wa BITMi, Oliver Grün, yagize ati “Kubera ibiciro bihanitse ndetse n’ibura ry’abakozi bafite ubumenyi buhagije, sosiyete z’Abadage zikora mu bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga, akenshi zisunga ubufatanye mpuzamahanga”.

“Icyo dukeneye ni ugukora neza, ntabwo ari ibiduca intege, dushaka uburyo bwo gusaba viza butuma ubufatanye bwacu bukomeza kugenda neza mu rwego rw’ubukungu”.

Nk’uko bivugwa n’abibumbiye mu ishyirahamwe ry’abakora ibijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga (Bitkom), u Budage bushobora kuzahura n’ikibazo cyo kubura abakozi b’abanyamwuga mu rwego rw’ikoranabuhanga basaga 660,000 mu mwaka wa 2040.

Christian Knoop

U Rwanda rufatwa nk’umufatanyabikorwa utanga icyizere muri urwo rwego rw’ikoranabuhanga, kuko ari Igihugu gifite intego yo kuba ihuriro ry’ikoranabuhanga mu Karere (regional IT hub), kandi rukaba rusabwa gukorana na sosiyete zituruka mu mahanga kugira ngo rushobore kugera kuri iyo ntego rwihaye.

Abasinye iyo baruwa kandi, bashimangira ko koroshya uburyo bwo gusaba viza ari ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane mu gutuma politiki yo guteza imbere ikonabuhanga muri Afurika ishoboka, kandi ikagenda neza nk’uko byagarutsweho na Claudia Voß, Umuyobozi mukuru wungirije wa ‘German-African Business Association’.

Yagize ati “Ni ukwivuguruza gukomeye ku Budage, kuba bushimangira ko bufite imikoranire myiza na Afurika mu bijyanye n’ubukungu, bwarangiza bukangira abafatanyabikorwa b’Abanyarwanda kubona za viza ku buryo bworoshye”.

“Ntabwo ibyo bijyana n’intego z’u Budage muri politiki ya Afurika. Ubu rero, hakenewe umuti w’ikibazo byihutirwa, naho bitabaye ibyo, twazisanga twatakarijwe icyizere n’abafatanyabikorwa bacu ba hano muri Afurika, ariko tukanatakaza andi mahirwe y’ishoramari yo mu gihe kizaza”.

Christian Knoop, umuyobozi mukuru wa sosiyete y’ikoranabuhanga yo mu Budage ya ‘TestSolutions’ yafunguye ibiro byayo muri Kigali guhera mu myaka itatu (3) ishize, ndetse na we akaba ari mu basinye iyo baruwa, avuga ko niba u Budage bufite intego ihamye koko yo kugirana ubufatanye na Afurika, bugomba kugurura imikorere ikaba myiza kurushaho.

Yagize ati “Gushyiraho uburyo bwo gusaba viza muri Kigali, byaba bifite akamaro cyane mu rwego rw’ubufatanye kurusha kuzakora ibirori i Berlin byo kwishimira ko hari ubufatanye hagati y’u Budage na Afurika”.

Knoop yagaragaje ko abashoramari batangiye guhura n’ibibazo birimo gutinda guhabwa za viza, abandi ubusabe bwabo bwa viza ntibwemerwe, ibyo bikaba imbogamizi ku bakozi bakorana baturuka mu Rwanda, zo kutabasha kwitabira inama n’abakiriya cyangwa se kwitabira inama z’ingenzi zo mu rwego rw’akazi ziba zabereye mu Budage.

Yungamo ko kuri sosiyete zamaze kugerwaho n’ingaruka z’ibyo bibazo bya viza, usanga byangiza bizinesi ariko n’icyizere mu bafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga kigasenyuka mu gihe byafashe imyaka kugira ngo cyubakike.

Yagize ati “Inzitizi ziri mu mikorere, nk’uburyo bwo gusaba viza, bigomba kwitabwaho byihutirwa”.

Uwo mugabo uretse gucika ajyanye umukunzi w’umuhungu we, ngo yanatwaye amafaranga yose y’ubwizigame bw’umuryango ndetse ajyana n’ibindi bintu by’agaciro birimo imirimbo ikozwe muri zahabu.

Uwo mugabo witwa Shakeel, utuye ahitwa i Rampur, muri Leta ya Uttar Pradesh, ni umubyeyi ufite abana batandatu (6) yatunguye umuryango we, ubwo yatorokanaga n’umukobwa wahawe izina rya Ayesha (izina ritari irye nyaryo).

Aganira n’itangazamakuru ry’aho mu Buhinde, Shabbana, umugore wa Shakeel, yavuze ko yatangajwe n’ukuntu umugabo we yakomezaga guhatiriza ko umuhungu wabo w’imyaka 17 yashyingirwa byihutirwa n’uwo mukobwa bakundanaga, ariko umugore akavuga ko hataboneka amafaranga ahagije yo gutegura ubwo bukwe, kandi ko n’umusore akiri muto, bityo bategereza gato, ubukwe bukazaba mu gihe kiri imbere.

Uko kwanga gukoresha ubukwe byihutirwa, uwo mugabo ngo ntiyabyakiriye neza, ahubwo yahise ategura gucika ajyanye uwo mukobwa, maze aza guhamagara umugore we Shabbana ari mu Mujyi wa Delhi, amubwira ko we yamaze kwishakira uwo mukobwa ubu bakaba batangiye kubana nk’umugore n’umugabo, kuko umuhungu we atarimo kumushaka.

Shabbana yabwiye abanyamakuru ati “Umukobwa wari kuzaba umukazana wanjye, ubu ni umugore w’umugabo wanjye”.

Bivugwa ko mbere yo gucika, Shakeel yasuraga uwo mukobwa kenshi, yitwaje ko barimo kuvuga ku bijyanye n’imyiteguro y’ubukwe bwe n’umuhungu we, ariko umugore akavuga ko kuva ku ntangiriro yumvaga adashira umugabo we amakenga, akurikije uko yabonaga yitwara kuri uwo mukobwa.

Umugore abajije umugabo we, niba nta kintu kidasanzwe kiri hagati ye n’uwo mukobwa, umugabo ngo yarahakanye ndetse atangira no guhohotera umugore, avuga ko amukekera ubusa amubeshyera. Ariko umugore ntiyacika intege akomeza kwegeranya ibimenyetso.

Umunsi umwe, uwo mugore yereka umuhungu we ubutumwa bugufi umugabo we yagiye yandikirana n’uwo mukubwa, umuhungu arababara, ahita abwira Se ko iby’ubukwe yumva abihagaritse.

Uwo mugabo ntiyatwaye gusa umukobwa wari umukunzi w’umuhungu we, ahubwo yatwaye n’amafaranga yari ubwizagame bw’umuryango asaga 200,000 by’Ama-rupees (ni ukuvuga 2,400 by’Amadolari) n’ibindi by’agaciro.

Icyo cyaha cy’ubujura bw’umutungo w’umuryango, kiramutse kimuhamye, uwo mugabo yahanishwa gufungwa imyaka 3 muri gereza, ariko Polisi yabwiye ikinyamakuru Times of India, ko kugeza ubu, idashobora gufata Shakeel kuko umuryango we utaratanga ikirego mu buryo buteganywa n’amategeko.

Hashize imyaka 31 indege y’uwari Perezida w’u Rwanda, Juvénal Habyarimana ihanuwe ku mugoroba wo ku itariki ya 6 Mata 1994, impanuka yafashwe nk’imbarutso ya Jenoside yasize isi yose icitse ururondogoro.

Iyo ndege yo mu bwoko bwa Falcon 50 yahanuwe igeze hafi y’Ikibuga Mpuzamahanga cy’Indege cya Kigali, ihitana Perezida Habyarimana, Perezida Cyprien Ntaryamira w’u Burundi, abayobozi mu ngabo z’u Rwanda z’icyo gihe, ndetse n’abapilote b’Abafaransa bari bayitwaye.

Senkeri, wari umaze imyaka myinshi mu mutwe w’abarindaga Perezida Habyarimana, yagombaga kuba ari muri iyo ndege. Ariko ntibyakunze yarasigaye, biba n’amahirwe ye yo kurokoka. Uyu munsi, ku nshuro ya mbere nyuma y’iyo myaka yose, atangaza uko yabashije kurokoka.

“Nagombaga kuba ndi muri iyo ndege”

Senkeri yamaze imyaka 15 arinda Perezida Habyarimana, na mbere y’uko intambara n’ingabo za RPA (Rwandan Patriotic Army) itangira.

Nk’umwe mu bari bizewe mu mutwe w’abashinzwe umutekano wa Perezida, kwitabira ingendo zose Perezida yajyagamo byari ibisanzwe, kugeza kuri urwo rugendo rwa nyuma rujya i Dar es Salaam muri Mata 1994, aho ibintu byahindutse ukundi.

Agira ati “Ubundi byari biteganyijwe ko twese tuba turi muri iyo ndege turi hamwe. Ariko uwo munsi, Perezida yahise afata icyemezo gitunguranye gituma ibintu bihinduka. Yahaye imyanya Perezida Ntaryamira w’u Burundi n’Abaminisitiri be babiri kuko indege yabo yari yapfuye. Ubwo rero birangira nta myanya yacu isigaye mu ndege twebwe abashinzwe umutekano.”
Icyo cyemezo, cyafashwe nk’ubugwaneza cyakozwe , ni cyo cyamurokoye.

Senkeri yibuka ubwo yarimo areba iyo ndege ihaguruka i Dar es Salaam igiye we asigaye, ariko atiyumvisha ko ari bwo bwa nyuma yari ayibonye ijyanye Perezida Habyarimana ari muzima.
“Hari amakuru yo kuburira yatanzwe ariko ntiyahabwa agaciro”

Mu kiganiro aheruka kugirana n’ishami rya BBC Gahuza rikorera mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari, Senkeri yatangaje ko yahawe amakuru yizewe avuga ko iyo ndege ishobora kuraswa.
“Twari ku kibuga cy’indege i Dar es Salaam, haza abashinzwe kurinda Perezida Mobutu Sese Seko wa Zaire ( RDC y’ubu), batubwira ko bamenye amakuru avuga ko indege ya Perezida Habyarimana ‘Falcon’ ishobora kuraswa.”

Senkeri avuga ko yahise atanga ayo makuru ku bayobozi babishinzwe. Abapilote b’Abafaransa nabo barayamenya, maze basaba ko indege yagenda ikagwa i Goma (Zaire) aho kujya i Kigali. Ngo habayeho kohereza ubwo butumwa binyuze kuri Mageza, wari ushinzwe porotokole ya Perezida, kugira ngo aburire Perezida Habyarimana.

“Ariko Perezida yanze kubyumva,” nk’uko Senkeri abivuga, kuko ngo “Yashakaga kujya mu rugo iwe.”

Muri iyo minsi, ibibazo bya politiki mu Rwanda byari bimeze nabi. Senkeri avuga ko mu gihe habagaho igerageza ryo guhirika ubutegetsi ryayobowe na Colonel Théoneste Lizinde n’undi witwaga Biseruka, Umutwe w’abarinzi ba Perezida (GP) wakozwemo igisa n’umukwabu, bamwe barirukanwa, hasigara abo bigaragara ko badafite ikibazo.

Senkeri ati, “Njye kuko ntari umuntu ukunda kuvuga cyangwa kugira amagambo menshi, baransize. Ariko nyuma Colonel Nkundiye yaje kumenya uwo ndi we atangira kujya insubiza inyuma mu kazi.”

Nubwo habayeho gutotezwa, Perezida Habyarimana ngo yari agifitiye Senkeri icyizere. Hari igihe yamuhamagaje mu nama yarimo Colonel Elie Sagatwa (mwishywa wa Perezida), umuyobozi wa Rwasir (urwego rw’umutekano rwa Perezidansi), n’abandi bayobozi bakomeye. Ariko abo bari kumwe babeshye ko Senkeri arwaye ndetse ko ari mu bitaro.

Muri icyo gihe, abantu bose bari bazi ko RPA-Inkotanyi , ingabo zari zimaze imyaka mu buhungiro kuva cyera zirimo kurwanira kugaruka mu gihugu.

Major General Déogratias Nsabimana, Umugaba Mukuru w’Ingabo z’u Rwanda (FAR), icyo gihe nawe ngo yagaragaye i Dar es Salaam bitunguranye.

Perezida Habyarimana ngo yaramubajije ati, “Urajya he?”, ubwo Nsabimana yerekana impapuro z’urugendo, asubiza Perezida Habyarimana ati, “Tugiye gukorana urugendo.”

“Bagerageje Kunyica Inshuro nyinshi”

Mu gihe bari bagiye kuva i Dar es Salaam, umupilote w’Umufaransa yongeye kugaragaza impungenge kuri urwo rugendo, asaba ko yajyana indege akayigusha i Goma. Ariko Perezida Habyarimana ntiyabyumva aranga.

Perezida Ntaryamira w’u Burundi, kubera ko indege ye yari yapfuye, yinjiye mu ya Perezida n’Abaminisitiri be. Ariko abandi bayobozi bamwe babanza gusa n’abatinda kuyinjiramo.

Senkeri ati, “Jenerali Nsabimana yatinze kwinjira. Habyarimana arasohoka aramubaza ati: ‘Kuki utinjira?’ Nsabimana asubiza asa n’utera urwenya, avuga ko ashaka kubanza kugura sima ihendutse aho i Dar es Salaam.”

Habyarimana ngo yahise amubwira ati: ‘Injira mu ndege!’”

Naho Muganga Emmanuel Akingeneye, wari muganga wa Perezida, nawe yari afite impungenge atinda kwinjira mu ndege.

Hanyuma ngo Habyarimana aramubwira ati, “Akingeneye, ko utinjira, ni nde uzambwira uko ibintu bimeze, niba utaje?”

Ibyo birangiye, Perezida Habyarimana yavuze amagambo akomeye, agira ati, “Bagerageje kunyica inshuro nyinshi. Niba bashaka kongera kubigerageza, ubwo nyine niko bigomba kugenda.”
“Radio Muhabura yamvikanaga no mu rugo kwa Perezida Habyarimana”

Mbere y’icyo kiganiro na BBC, Senkeri yari yaravuzeho mu itangazamakuru ryo mu Rwanda. Avuga ko yibuka ko kwa Perezida Habyarimana bagendaga bumva Radio Muhabura, Radio yakoreshwaga n’Inkotanyi mu gihe cy’urugamba

Yagize ati, “Perezida Habyarimana yajyaga abaza rimwe na rimwe, ati noneho se bavuze iki?’”
Uko Senkeri yarokotse, agahunga, akaza no guhunguka

Mu gihe Falcon 50 yaturikiraga hejuru ya Kigali ku ya 6 Mata, Senkeri yari yasigaye i Dar es Salaam. Yavuye yo ku itariki 4 Nyakanga 1994, ubwo Kigali yari imaze gufatwa n’Inkotanyi, Jenoside irangiye.

Yahungiye i Goma, muri Zaire (ubu ni RDC). Nyuma, ni RPF-Inkotanyi yamugaruye mu Rwanda.
Senkeri arti, “Bamaze kunkubita amaso, bampamagaye mu izina. Bari bazi uwo ndi we.”
Senkeri yasubiye mu buzima busanzwe, abaho mu mutuzo, gusa akomeza kubika ku mutima ayo mateka y’ibyo yabayemo kugeza ubu.

Senkeri Salathiel yabayeho mu bihe bibi u Rwanda rwagize. Indege atigeze yinjiramo, yatumye amateka y’igihugu ahinduka, nyuma y’iminsi 100 ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, n’urugendo rurerure rwo kongera kwiyubaka.

Yagize ati, “Narokotse uwo munsi, ariko byose nari nzi byarashize.”

Nyuma y’imyaka 31, Senkeri avuga atari ugusobanura ibyabaye, ahubwo ari ukwandika amateka. Kugira ngo ibisigisigi byayo biboneke. Kugira ngo avuge ati: ‘Nari mpari’. Kandi rimwe na rimwe, kurokoka ubwabyo ni igihamya gikomeye.

Yibagiriwe umugore we ku nzira amwibuka agenze ibilometero 300

Uwo mugabo yari aturutse i Paris ku itariki 5 Nyakanga 2025 agiye mu biruhuko mu gihugu cya Maroc ajyanye n’umugore we, ariko banyuze inzira yo ku butaka bagenda n’imodoka.

Mu nzira bagenda, bahagaze ahantu henshi kuri za sitasiyo za lisansi baruhuka, ariko kuri imwe muri izo sitasiyo aza guhaguruka n’imodoka aragenda mu gihe umugore yari agiye kwiherera gato. Aho ngo byari nka saa kumi n’igice zo mu rukerera.

Uwo mugabo utatangajwe amazina, yaje kubona ko yasize umugore we, akagenda yibagiwe ko atarinjira mu modoka, abibona amaze kugenda ibilometero 300.

Gusa, avugana na polisi, uwo mugabo yagowe no gusobanura uko byagenze kugira ngo yibagirwe umugore we, ariko ahita ayibwira ko uretse kuba yamwibagiwe akamusiga, ahubwo atibuka na sitasiyo yamusizeho aho iherereye.

Polisi yo mu gace ka Lardes ivugana n’itangamakuru rya France 3, yagize iti “Twakiriye telefoni itubwira ibintu twumva bitumvikana neza ahagana saa mbili n’igice za mu gitondo (8:30 a.m). Uwo mugabo ntiyari acyibuka aho yahagaze mu nzira, n’igihe yaba yahahagarariye. Gusa hari hamwe yavuze ko yahagaze, hafi ya Orléans, duhita duhamagara bagenzi bacu bakorera muri ako gace ngo barebe niba ari uwo mugore yaba yasigaye”.

Polisi ikomeza ivuga ko ku buryo butangaje, muri iyo modoka, uwo mugabo n’umugore bari kumwe n’umukobwa wabo w’imyaka 22, ariko nta kintu na kimwe yafashije polisi kubera ko nta gitekerezo na kimwe yari afite ku byabaye, ntiyari yigeze anamenya ko Se yasize Nyina kuri sitasiyo, kuko we yari yasinziriye muri urwo rugendo rwose.

Nyuma yo gushakisha muri ibyo bice uwo mugabo yakekaga ko yaba yasizemo umugore we, Polisi yarahamubuze, bituma ikibazo gitangira gusa n’igikomera kurushaho, kubera ko Polisi yatangiye gukeka ko uwo mugabo yaba yasize umugore abigambiriye wenda afite impamvu ze runaka zabimuteye.

Ku bw’amahirwe, polisi yaje kubona aho uwo mugore aherereye yifashishije umunara telefoni ye yo mu ntoki iriho, nubwo itashoboraga guhamagara. Yabonetse kuri sitasiyo ya lisansi ya Deux-Sèvres, iherereya mu bilometero 300 uvuye aho umugabo yari ageze mu gihe yabonaga ko yasize umugore we.

Uwo mugore ngo yari yakomeje kuhahagarara guhera 4:30 zo mu rukerera ategereje ko umuryango we uza kugaruka kumufata.

Nyuma y’iperereza rito ryakozwe uwo mugore akimara kuboneka, polisi yaje kwemeza ko uwo mugabo yari yibagiwe umugore we koko atabigambiriye. Hanyuma imaze kongera guhuza uwo mugore n’umuryango we, bemererwa gukomeza urugendo rwabo bajya mu birihuko nk’uko byari biteguwe.

Irembo ni urubuga rwifuzwa n’ibihugu bitari bike bya Afurika

Ku wa Gatatu, tariki 9 Kamena 2025, Inteko rusange ya Sena yemeje raporo yakozwe na Komisiyo y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, Ubufatanye n’Umutekano, nyuma y’inama yagiranye na Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga n’Ubutwererane Mpuzamahanga.

Intego y’iyo nama kwari ukureba uko u Rwanda rushyira mu bikorwa ubufatanye bw’ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere (South-South Cooperation). Ibyavuyemo byagaragaje ko ikoranabuhanga ari kimwe mu bintu by’ingenzi cyane u Rwanda rwatangiye kugurisha mu mahanga.

Nk’uko raporo ya Sena yabigaragaje, ibihugu nka Eswatini, Chad, Guinea na Kenya byamaze gutangira gukoresha ubwo buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwakozwe n’u Rwanda, cyane cyane mu nzego z’imiyoborere ishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga, ‘systems’ zikoreshwa mu nzego z’ubuzima, ndetse no mu itangwa rya serivisi ku baturage.

Ibyo bikorwa by’ikoranabuhanga bijyana n’amahugurwa ndetse n’ubujyanama bujyanye n’amategeko abigenga, kubera ko u Rwanda ntirutanga izo porogaramu gusa, ahubwo runafasha mu gukora ivugurura rya serivisi rihuzwa n’ibiba bikenewe byihariye mu gihugu runaka.

Ayo mahanga ntabwo yigira ku Rwanda gusa, ahubwo arishyura kugira ngo ashobore kwigana no gukoresha iryo koranabuhanga ryarwo.

Iyo gahunda ikurikiranwa n’Ikigo cy’iIihugu cyitwa Rwanda Cooperation Initiative (RCI), cyashyizweho mu 2018 hagamijwe guteza imbere ubufatanye hagati y’u Rwanda n’ibindi bihugu byo mu Majyepfo y’Isi.

Ikigo RCI kimaze kwakira intumwa zirenga 7,600 ziturutse mu bihugu 70, ndetse zamaze gusinyana amasezerano 16 y’ubufatanye agamije gufasha ibindi bihugu kwigira ku bunararibonye bw’u Rwanda mu miyoborere, serivisi z’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, uburezi n’ubuzima.

Nubwo raporo ya Sena itarondoye amazina ya buri koranabuhanga ryoherejwe mu mahanga kugeza ubu, ariko ikinyamakuru Kigali Today cyamenye ko imbuga nka IREMBO ndetse na system ya RRA ikoreshwa mu gukusanya imisoro n’amahoro hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, ari zimwe mu zo ibyo bihugu bikeneye cyane.

IREMBO ni urubuga rusanzwe rukoreshwa n’Abanyarwanda mu gusaba no kwishyura serivisi za Leta zitandukanye hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, harimo nko gusaba indangamuntu, icyemezo cy’amavuko, uruhushya rwo gutwara imodoka, ibyangombwa by’ubutaka n’ibindi.

Hamwe n’urwo rubuga rw’IREMBO, abaturage bashobora gusaba no guhabwa serivisi za Leta zirenga 400 batarinze kujya ku biro by’aho zitangirwa, cyangwa ngo bajye gutonda imirongo.

System ya RRA, ifasha abasora gutanga imisoro mu gihe nyacyo hatabayeho ubukererwe, igafasha no kwishyura hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, yifuzwa n’ibihugu byinshi bishaka kuvugurura uburyo byakusanyagamo imisoro ndetse no guhangana n’abayinyereza.

Ikindi ni uko ibihugu bya Lesotho, Chad na Eswatini birimo kwitegura gutangiza izindi systems nshya cyangwa kuvugurura izisanzwe, zishingiye ku buryo u Rwanda rwabikoze. Hari izo ibyo bihugu bisanzwe bifite, ariko bikeneye n’izindi nyinshi.

Hari igihugu kimwe bivugwa ko cyamaze kwishyura za miliyoni z’Amadolari kigura izo systems, kubera ukuntu zizewe kandi zikora neza mu kugeza serivisi za Leta ku baturage kandi ku giciro gito. Izo serivisi zirimo byinshi birenze kode gusa, kuko harimo n’amahugurwa, amategeko abigenga ndetse n’ubufasha buhoraho.

U Rwanda rwatangiye gufata izo serivisi nka kimwe mu by’ingenzi rucuruza mu mahanga, kandi zatangiye kuba kimwe mu bituma amafaranga aturuka hanze yinjira mu gihugu.

Abasenateri bashimye izo mpinduka, bavuga ko u Rwanda rutakiri mu gihe cyo gutanga inama gusa, ahubwo ko rutangiye gucuruza no kubyaza umusaruro udushya rwihangiye.
Raporo ya Sena isaba ko ikigo cya ‘Rwanda Cooperation Initiative’ cyakongererwa ubushobozi kurushaho, harimo kucyongeramo amafaranga ndetse no kugifasha kugira imikoranire ihamye n’ibigo by’ikoranabuhanga byigenga.

Abayobozi bavuga ko u Rwanda rugenda rwerekana ko ari ihuriro ry’ibintu bishya bivumburwa muri Afurika, kandi ko ibihugu by’Afurika bishobora gufatanya ubwabyo mu gushaka ibisubizo by’ibibazo bihari, bitabaye ngombwa gutegereza gusa ibituruka mu bihugu bikize byo mu Majyaruguru y’Isi.

Sena yanagaragaje ko ari ingenzi kongera ubucuruzi n’ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu by’Afurika ubwabyo.

Mu gihe ubucuruzi bwa Afurika, ubwinshi bukorerwa hanze y’Umugabane, ubu buryo u Rwanda rurimo gukoresha, bushobora gufasha kongera ubufatanye hagati y’Abanyafurika ubwabo.

Sena yasabye kandi ko habaho ubugenzuzi bwimbitse kuri RCI no ku mishinga yayo yo kohereza ikoranabuhanga mu bindi bihugu, ikomeje kugenda yiyongera.

Abasenateri kandi bagaragaje ko ari ngombwa gukurikirana uburyo ubwo bufatanye buganirwaho, bushyirwa mu bikorwa ndetse bugasesengurwa by’umwihariko, kuko bigaragara ko u Rwanda rutangiye kungukira mu gucuruza ibisubizo by’ikoranabuhanga rwihangiye.

Iyo raporo isaba ko Inteko Ishinga Amategeko yagira uruhare rugaragara mu kugenzura ibyiza bituruka muri ubwo bucuruzi bushya, yaba mu rwego rw’ubukungu, ububanyi n’amahanga bishingiye ku bufatanye n’ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere, kugira ngo udushya tw’u Rwanda tubungabungwe kandi turindwe neza, bijyanye n’inyungu z’Igihugu.

Uwiyise Yezu yakatiwe gufungwa imyaka 12

Uwo mugabo wiswe Yezu wa Siberia, akaba agomba gufungirwa muri imwe mu magereza arinzwe cyane aho mu Burusiya, nk’uko byatangajwe n’Ibiro ntaramakuru by’Abongereza ‘Reuters’.

Sergey Torop wahoze ari umupolisi mu ishami rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda, ubu afite imyaka 64, unitwa irindi zina rya ‘Vissarion’ yashinze idini rye mu gace ka Krasnoïarsk muri Siberia mu mwaka wa 1991, mu gihe cyo gusenyuka kwa Leta zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti(URSS). Avuga ko yavutse bundi bushya kugira ngo arusheho gukwirakwiza ijambo ry’Imana

Iryo dini rye, rivanga amwe mu mahame y’idini y’Aba-Orthodoxe ryo mu Burusiya, n’amwe yo mu idini ya Boudha, andi yo mu cyitwa ‘Apocalypse’ n’ibindi. Bivugwa ko afite abayoboke basaga 10,000 hirya no hino ku Isi.

Abo bayoboke be ngo ntibemerewe kurya inyama, kunywa itabi, kunywa ibisindisha ndetse no gukoresha amafaranga. Abenshi ngo batuye mu gace ko mu Burusiya kitwa Petropavlovka, mu Burasirazuba bw’Umurwa mukuru Moscow, aho baba mu tuzu duto tw’imbaho, bakirirwa bavuga amasengesho asingiza uwo mukuru w’idini yabo Sergei Torop, bagasenga berekeza aho atuye ku gasongero k’umusozi.

Imikorere y’uwo mugabo yaje gutuma polisi yo mu Burusiya itangira kumukoraho iperereza, kubera ihohotera ryo mu buryo bw’imitekerereze akorera abayoboke be, akabariganya imitungo yabo irimo n’amafaranga, bigatuma ubuzima bwabo bujya mu kaga gakomeye.

Uwo Yezu wa Siberia hamwe n’ibyegera bye bibiri, batawe muri yombi bwa mbere mu 2020, mu mukwabu wari wakozwe n’abasirikare bo mu mutwe ushinzwe kurinda Umukuru w’igihugu, ku mabwiriza yari yatanzwe na Perezida Vladimir Putin, abo basirikare bafatanyije n’urwego rw’umutekano rw’aho mu Burusiya ruzwi nka ‘FSB’ kugira ngo abo bagabo bashobore gufatwa.

Icyo gihe indege 4 za kajugujugu ni zo zakoreshejwe ndetse n’abasirikare bagera muri mirongo bafite intwaro nyinshi, birangira abo bagabo batatu batawe muri yombi.

Iperereza ryagaragaje ko abo bagabo bahungabanyije ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bw’abayoboke 16, abandi batandatu (6) ubuzima bwabo bujya mu kaga gakomeye.

Urukiko rwa Novossibirsk rwakatiye Sergey Torop n’umwe muri ibyo byegera bye witwa Vladimir Vedernikov na we ushinjwa uburiganga gufungwa imyaka 12 muri gereza, mu gihe mugenzi wabo wundi we witwa Vadim Redkin yakatiwe gufungwa imyaka 11.

Uretse igihano cyo gufungwa, bagomba no gutanga Miliyoni 40 z’Amarubule (ni ukuvuga 430.467 by’Amayero) y’impozamarira kuri abo bayoboke bakorewe ibyaha.

Bivugwa ko uwo Yezu wa Siberia yari yarashakanye n’abagore babiri harimo uwo yashatse afite imyaka 19, mu gihe bari barabanye mu nzu guhera afite imyaka irindwi gusa. Uwo mugabo kandi ngo yabyaye abana batandatu kuri abo bagore be babiri.

Nubwo ubuzima bwo konsa ku nshuro ya mbere butatangiye neza, kuko byabanje kumugora, umwana we akabanza kunanirwa gufata ibere, ariko byaje kumukundira.

Chelimo avuga ko akibyara bwa mbere, umwana yananiwe gufata ibere neza ngo yonke, bisaba ko yifashisha ibikoresha byabugenewe bikama amashereka, ariko nyuma amashereka atangira kujya aza ari menshi cyane birenze urugero, kandi akaza yihuta cyane ku buryo byamusabye gutangira kwiga uko yayabika mu bikoresho bisukuye kugira ngo atayapfusha ubusa.

Chelimo yibuka bitangira, uko yabikaga amashereka muri Firigo iwe agasaguka, agashyira no muri Firigo yo ku muvandimwe we.

Yagize ati,” Hari igihe nujuje firigo nini, nuzuza n’indi isanzwe, hanyuma ntangira gushyira no muri firigo yo ku muvandimwe wanjye”.

Akomeza agira ati, " Muri urwo rugendo rwanjye rwo gutanga amashereka ku bayakeneye, nabaga mfite amashereka menshi ahagije ku buryo ntanga ayahaza abana 50 bakivuka ariko bagomba kwitabwaho kwa muganga (neonatal unit)".

Bwa mbere Chelimo akibona ko afite amashereka menshi cyane, ngo yamaze hafi umwaka wose, ayakama akayabika neza, ubundi akayaha ababyeyi b’inshuti ze bidakundira kubona amashereka ahagije yo konsa abana babo, ariko akayaha n’abandi adasanzwe aziranye nabo cyane, akabikora gusa kuko bamusabye ubufasha nyuma yo kubona videwo ze ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.

Chelimo yatangiye akora za videwo akazishyira ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa TikTok, muri izo videwo agasobanura ibibazo ababyeyi bari mu gihe cyo konsa bahura nabyo yaba mu buryo bw’imitekerereze no ku mubiri bisanzwe, ariko akagira n’ababyeyi inama uburyo bwiza bakoresha mu gufata neza amashereka yabo ku bayakama, kugira ngo atangirika kandi ahorane isuku.

Ku ntangiriro, izo videwo ze zarebwaga n’abanatu bacyeya, ariko ubu ngo zigeze ku bantu 16.000 bazikurikira. Bamwe muri abo bazireba, ngo haba harimo bagenzi be bagira amashereka menshi cyane ku buryo bashobora no kubona ayo batanga, mu gihe abandi ari ababa bayakeneye, bakamushaka bakamusaba kubafasha.

Maryann Kibinda ni umwe muri abo babyeyi, basabye Chelimo Njoroge amashereka, nyuma yo kubona izo videwo akora gusa. Chelimo ngo hari n’igihe yatanze litiro 14 z’amashereka ku munsi.
Yagize ati, "Nabonye videwo ze za TikTok yerekana uko aba afite amashereka menshi abitse muri firigo, maze ndavuga nti mbega ibintu byiza… ubwo naramushatse ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ndamwandikira nti amakuru umeze ute? Ndashaka amashereka. Ni byo gusa. Maze nyuma aramfasha”.

Uwo mubyeyi akomeza agira ati, " Hari ababyeyi benshi baba bashaka gufasha binyuze mu gutanga amashereka, ariko hari n’abandi benshi baba bayakeneye”.

Muri Kenya haba ikusanyirizo rimwe gusa ryakira amashereka, riherereye mu Bitaro by’ababyeyi bya Pumwani muri Nairobi. Ariko ikibazo iryo kusanyirizo ryemera gusa kwakira amashereka y’ababyeyi barwariye muri ibyo bitaro, agahabwa gusa abana bari muri ibyo bitaro ku buryo nta bana bari hanze y’ibyo bitaro bayabonaho nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru BBC.

Icyo kibazo ngo gituma ababyeyi bameze nka Chelimo bisanga bafite uburyo bucyeya bwo kubona uko bafasha bagenzi babo bakeneye amashereka yo guha abana babo, kuko ntibabona ahantu hari ububiko bwizewe kugira ngo bashobore kuyatanga ku bayakeneye nk’uko bimeze ku maraso.

Umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ibijyanye n’imirire myiza muri Kawunti ya Nairobi, Esther Kwamboka Mogusu, avuga ko Leta ifite gahunda yo kongera ubushobozi bw’ibyo bitaro by’ababyeyi bya Pumwani bikagira ahantu hahagije ho kubika amashereka.

Yagize ati, "Tuzubaka amakusanyirizo abiri y’amashereka yiyongera ku yahari, kugira ngo dushobore gufasha abana benshi baba bafite ikibazo cyo kutabona amashereka ya ba nyina”.

Mary Mathenge, umubyaza uzobereye no mu bijyanye n’akamaro ko konsa, avuga ko muri Kenya hari icyuho mu bijyanye na serivisi zo gutanga amashereka, asaba ko hashyirwaho urwego rushinzwe gukurikirana uko amashereka atangwa mu buryo bwizewe butagira ingaruka ku buzima.

Yagize ati, “ Umwana wese ashobora guhabwa amashereka aturutse ku wundi mubyeyi. Ariko ikintu cyose kinyura mu maraso kiba kigomba kubanza gupimwa, hagomba kubaho ubugenzuzi, ndetse n’uburyo bwiza bwo kubika amashereka aba yatanzwe kugira ngo ashobore gufasha abana benshi kandi ntabagireho ingaruka".

Chelimo avuga ko iyo hagize amashereka asigara ayogesha abana (milk baths), kuko ngo bituma bagira uruhu rwiza. Ariko amenshi aba yatwawe n’imiryango ifite ibibazo bitandukanye bituma idashobora konsa abana bayo.

Iryo duka rishyashya iyo sosiyete yafunguye kuri uyu wa Gatatu tariki 9 Kamena 2025, ni irya Gatatu, rikaba ryahawe izina rya HOMEPOINT.

Ni iduka riri muri Kicukiro, ahantu heza hatagoye kuhagera ku muhanda wa KK15 ( Ni ukuvuga ku muhanda wa Sonatubes – Bugesera) rikaba ryitezweho kuzaba icyitegererezo mu gucuruza ibikoresha bitandukanye bikoresha amashanyarazi (electronics) mu Rwanda.

Umuhango wo gufungura ku mugaragaro iryo duka rinini rya HOMEPOINT witabiriwe n’abanyacyubahiro batandukanye, harimo aboyobozi baturutse kuri Ambasade y’u Buhinde mu Rwanda, abakuriye inganda ndetse n’abakiriya bamaze kumenya ubwiza budasanzwe bw’ibikoresho bicuruzwa na sosiyete ya Hotpoint Appliances (Rwanda) Ltd.

Mr. Avinash Rao, Umunyamabanga wungirije muri Ambasade y’u Buhinde mu Rwanda, hamwe na Ambasaderi Prof. Charity MANYERUKE wo muri Ambasade ya Zimbabwe mu Rwanda, nibo bakase akagozi, bagaragaza ko iduka rya HOMEPOINT Kicukiro rifunguye ku mugaragaro.

Iryo duka rishyashya ryafunguwe, ni iryahoze rikorera aho Sonatubes bavuguruye bararyagura riba rinini cyane nk’uko byemezwa n’umuyobozi wa sosiyete ya Hotpoint Rwanda, Murli Menon.

Menon yavuze ko iri duka ari igikorwa kimwe mu bigize gahunda iyo sosiyete ifite yo kurushaho kwegereza Abanyarwanda benshi ibikoresho bitandukanye bikoresha amashanyarazi, bifite ubuziranenge bwizewe kandi ku biciro byiza.

Menon yagize ati, "Ibyo twakoze twongera ubunini bw’iri duka, biri mu rwego rwo gusubiza abantu benshi bifuza kubona ibicuruzwa byacu. Twiyemeje gushyiraho iduka rinini kurushaho. Navuga ko iri ari rimwe mu maduka manini dufite mu Rwanda”.

Menon yibukije ko iryo duka rishya ryafunguwe (HomePoint), ricururizwamo ibikoresho bikoresha amashanyarazi bikorwa n’inganda mpuzamahanga zizwi cyane nka Hisense, Samsung, Philips, LG, Black, Decker Kenwood, n’izindi.

Menon yakomeje agira ati, " Tuzabona n’izindi nganda nini zo ku rwego mpuzamahanga zigenda ziza, kubera ko, uyu munsi turabona abantu benshi mu Rwanda barushaho gukunda ibikoresho bifite ubuziranenge ndetse na serivisi nziza”.

Iryo duka rya Kicukiro HomePoint ryafunguwe, kugeza ubu ricuruza za televiziyo, ibikoresho bitandukanye byo mu nzu n’ibyo mu gikoni, n’ibindi.

Rije ryiyongera ku yandi maduka ari muri KIC, ahahoze hitwa mu nyubako ya UTC, n’irindi riri i Remera ku Gisimenti.

Consolée Nshimiyimana, umuyobozi ushinzwe ibijyanye n’ubucuruzi muri HomePoint yavuze ko igitandukanya ibicuruzwa byabo n’ibindi, ari icyizere batanga, kijyana n’ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho byabo, harimo gutanga igihe runaka umuguzi aba yemerewe kugarura igikoresho yaguze bakakimukorera mu gihe kigize ikibazo (after-purchase maintenance, and services).

Nshimiyimana yagize ati, " icyo cyizere na guarantee bijyanye n’ubuziranenge bw’igicuruzwa, bimara igihe kirekire utabona ahandi hantu aho ari ho hose wagura ibikoresho bikoresha amashanyarazi. Niyo mpamvu dushishikariza Abanyarwanda kujya bagura ibicuruzwa byacu”.

Iyo sosiyete ya HOTPOINT Rwanda, itangira mu Rwanda yari ifite abakozi babiri gusa, ariko ubu ikoresha abakozi 40 bayobowe na CEO Murlin Menon.

Iyo sosiyete kandi ifasha mu guteza imbere urubyiruko mu Rwanda, harimo kwakira abanyeshuri bo mu mashuri ya IPRC bimenyereza imyuga, ndetse no gutanga ibikoresho ku buntu bikoreshwa nk’imfashanyigisho mu mashuri.

Mu rwego kandi rwo gufasha abantu kubona ibikoresho bicuruzwa na Hotpoint, yatangiye imikoranire na Banki ya I&M Bank muri gahunda y’inguzanyo idasaba inyungu za Banki yiswe ‘Ryoshya Iwawe’.

Iyo sosiyete kandi yatangiye indi gahunda yiswe ‘ Gura ubu, Wishyure nyuma’ iyo ifasha abakiriya bayo bose ku gukurirwaho inyungu ku nguzanyo ku mezi ane abanza yo kwishyura inguzanyo, iyo gahunda ikaba ari iya mbere imeze ityo ibayeho mu Rwanda.

Uwo mugore uzwi gusa ku izina rya Gao, yashyize ayo mafoto yo ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ashaka kuburira abantu bakoresha za ‘make-ups’ kujya bitwararika bagasukura impu zabo zo mu maso neza nk’uko bikwiye, kugira ngo ibyo baba bisize bishireho, kubera ko kutabikora bigira ingaruka zikomeye nk’uko byamugendekeye.

Ubwe yivugira ko yamaze iyo myaka isaga 20 atabikora, ingaruka yahuye nazo zikaba ari uko uruhu rwo mu maso rwe ubu rwahiye, ndetse rukaba rusigaye rugira ibibazo byinshi birimo na za ‘allergies’.

Gao asobanura ko yatangiye gukunda za ‘make-ups’ akiri umwangavu, kuko yakundaga cyane ibintu nyina yisigaga ku munwa ‘lipstick’ ahera ubwo yimenyereza kubyisiga mu gihe yari afite imyaka 15 gusa.

Ariko nubwo yabyisigaga atyo, ntiyashoboraga kubihanagura nijoro agiye kuryama nk’uko ubundi bibasabwa ku bantu babyisiga, kuko baba bagomba kubihanagura nijoro mbere yo kujya kuryama.

We ngo yabaga yibaza ati, “ Kuki umuntu yakwigora yivanaho ‘make-up’ mu gihe abizi ko azayisubizaho umunsi ukurikiyeho”?

Ubwo icyo yakoraga nijoro, yakarabaga mu maso bisanzwe akajya kuryama, bwacya akongeraho izindi ‘make-ups’ akagenda.

Nubwo Gao avuga ko yamaze imyaka myinshi uruhu rwe rumeze neza kandi atarihanaguraga izo make-ups ze, ariko mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka wa 2025, ngo nibwo yatangiye guhura n’ikibazo gikomeye cya ‘allergie’ akajya abyimba mu isura, agahinduka mu maso he hakagenda hamera ukundi ku buryo bigora n’abasanzwe bamuzi kuba bamumenya.

Aho kujya kureba umuganga w’uruhu ngo amufashe, Gao yahisemo kujya kugura inshinge ngo zigenewe kongerera uruhu ubuzima bwiza, ariko aho kugira ngo izo nshinge zimufashe, ahubwo zatumye ibintu birushaho kumera nabi.

Muri Videwo yashyize ku mbuga nkoranyambaga Gao yagize ati, “ uruhu rurandya ku buryo mutakumva,… mpora nihishe mu rugo igihe cyose, sinatinyuka gusohoka. Isura yanjye yarahindutse mba nshaka kwihisha, singitinyuka kuba nakandagira hanze ngo mpure n’abandi bantu cyangwa kujya guhura n’inshuti. Birababaza cyane, wagira ngo ni nk’ibihumbi by’intozi ziba zitondagira mu isura yanjye”.

Kubera ko Gao aturuka mu muryango ufite amikoro macyeya, akeka kwisiga za make-up zihendutse wenda zitujuje ubuziranenge, nabyo ngo byaba byaragize uruhare mu kwangiza urwo ruhu rwe ku buryo bukabije.

Gusa, abaganga b’uruhu bemeza ko makeup ubwazo zishobora kwangiza uruhu nubwo umuntu yaba azihanagura uko bikwiye mu gihe agiye kuryama.

Umuganga w’uruhu umwe (dermatologist) yagize ati, “ Kumara imyaka isaga 20 udasukura uruhu uko bikwiye birumvikana ko ari bibi, ariko hano hashobora kuba harabayeho uruhurirane rw’ibintu byinshi, harimo nko kuvanga amoko atandukanye y’ibyo yisiga mu maso, kandi akabikoresha nabi, harimo n’izo nshinge yiteraga”.

Abakoresha urubuga nkoranyambaga rwa Weibo rw’aho mu Bushinwa rukora nka X, bamwe batangajwe cyane no kubona uko urwo ruhu rwa Gao rwabaye, bamwe bibaza niba kutihanagura makeup byatera uruhu kwangirika gutyo, abandi bo bavuze ko Gao akoresha urwo ruhu rwe rwo mu maso rwangiritse agamije gushaka abamukurikira benshi (views) kuri urwo rubuga nkoranyambaga.

Uwo mugore ni we wenyine kugeza ubu ufite ubwo bwoko bw’amaraso bushya

Byagaragaye bwa mbere mu 2011, ubwo uwo mugore yari agiye gukorerwa ibizamini bisanzwe bikorwa mu gihe umuntu agiye gukorerwa ubuvuzi bwo kubagwa, icyo gihe mu maraso ye habonekamo icyitwa ‘anticorps’ idasanzwe izwi.

Tariki 20 Kamena 2025, mu kiganiro Umuyobozi w’ikigo cyo mu Bufaransa gishinzwe ibijyanye n’amaraso (EFS), yatanze kuri Radio France Inter, ko ubwo bwoko bushya bw’amaraso bwihariye, kugeza ubu bufitwe n’uwo mugore umwe gusa ku Isi.

Ubwo uwo mugore yajyaga kwivuzamu 2011 agomba kubagwa, uburyo cyangwa se ubushobozi bwari buhari icyo gihe, ngo ntibwakunze ko hahita hakorwa ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kuri ubwo bwoko bwihariye bw’amaraso bwari bugaragaye, nk’uko bisobanurwa na Thierry Peyrard, umuhanga n’umushakashatsi mu by’imiti n’ibinyabuzima bitandukanye, akaba n’umuyobozi muri icyo kigo cya EFS.

Abahanga mu bya siyansi batangiye kwiga kuri ayo maraso yihariye cyane cyane guhera mu mwaka wa 2019, bagendeye ku tunyangingo duto duto twitwa ‘ADN’.

Kwemeza burundu ko ayo maraso y’uwo mugore yihariye, byabaye muri Kamena uyu mwaka wa 2025, mu Mujyi wa Milan, bikozwe na Sosiyete mpuzamahanga ikora ibijyanye no gutanga amaraso (la Société Internationale de Transfusion Sanguine/ISBT), nk’uko byatangajwe n’icyo kigo EFS, kibinyujije ku mbuga nkoranyambaga zacyo.

Byemejwe ko uwo mugore ari we ufite ubwoko bw’amaraso yisangije wenyine, bivuze ko nta wundi muntu yaha amaraso, kimwe n’uko amaraso ye adashobora guhabwa undi muntu.

Thierry Peyrard yagize ati “Uwo mugore ubu uri mu myaka 60 irenga, byatangiye kugaragara ko afite amaraso yihariye mu gihe yari afite imyaka 54, aba mu Mujyi wa Paris. Kugeza ubu, ku Isi yose ni we wenyine wisangije ubwo bwoko bushya, mu gihe ku bundi bwoko bw’amaraso busanzwe buzwi, nubwo amaraso runaka yaba adakunze kuboneka, ariko haba hari itsinda ry’abantu bayahuriyeho. Nta gushidikanya ko uwo mugore ari we wenyine uzwi ku Isi ufite ubwo bwoko bushya bw’amaraso”.

Ubwo bwoko bushya bw’amaraso, bwashyizwe mu itsinda rya 48 ry’ubwoko bw’amaraso rizwi nka ‘PIG7’, nyuma y’ubundi bwoko bw’amaraso bwa A. B. O busanzwe buzwi guhera mu myaka ya 1900.

Mweusi Karake

Kujya aho intwari zateguriraga urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda biri muri gahunda yo kwizihiza isabukuru y’imyaka 31 yo Kwibohora, umunsi nyirizina ukaba ari Iya Kane Nyakanga.

Mu kiganiro na KTRadiyo, Mwewusi Karake, wabaye umuyobozi wa porogaramu kuri Radio Muhabura yasobanuye ko iyi Radiyo yatangiye muri Werurwe mu 1991, mu gihe urugamba rwo kubohora u Rwanda rwo rwari rwaratangiye mu kwezi k’Ukwakira mu 1990.

Itangira byaturutse mu gitekerezo cya Komisiyo yo muri RPF ishinzwe ibijyanye n’ubukangurambaga, yatangiye ikorera mu Rugano rw’ibirunga, ahitwa mu gahinga, kuko byasabaga kuyishyira ahantu itagaragara. Yatangiye ifite ubushobozi bucyeya, itavuga neza, bayita ngo ni akavumvuri, ariko uko imyaka igenda, ubushobozi bukagenda bwiyongera ariko igenda irushaho kumvikana ahantu henshi. Guhera mu 1992, ngo yumvikanaga mu bihugu bitandukanye cyane cyane ibituranye n’u Rwanda nka Uganda, u Burundi, Tanzaniya n’ahandi.

Izina Muhabura rijya kwaduka, ngo hari mu gihe cy’amateka yo kwagura u Rwanda, aho umwami w’u Rwanda yatabaranye n’ingabo, maze akanjira Uganda, ndetse agafata igice kinini, kugeza ubwo yageze hafi ya Kampala.

Ku bw’amahirwe macye, umwami ngo yarwariye Malariya muri icyo gihuhgu cy’amahanga, maze ingabo zari kumwe na we zisanga zigomba kumucyura uko byamera kose atararemba ngo abe yagwa ishyanga, kuko cyaraziraga ku Mwami.

Aha rero bahuye n’ikibazo cyo kumenya u Rwanda iyo baturutse, kuko nta bikoresho biranga amayira nk’ibizwi uyu munsi byari bihari. Icyakora, umwe muri izo ngabo yaje kwereka bagenzi be igisozi kirekire babonaga mu mpezajisho, ababwira ko ari mu Rwanda agira ati, ‘ kiriya gisozi nitugenda tugisanga tukakigeraho, turaba tugeze iwacu.”
Niko byagenze, bagenda basanga icyo gisozi koko bagera mu Rwanda, bahera ubwo bakita Muhabura, kubera ko cyahabuye abahabye cyangwa se cyayoboye abari bayobye, kirabacyura. Igitekerezo cy’izina ry’iyo Radio nacyo ngo ni aho cyakomotse, kuko iyi Radiyo na yo, yaje igamije guhabure abahabye, kuyobora abari barayobye, bayoboke inzira nyayo.

Mu kwezi kwa Kamena 1992, ingabo za RPA zimaze gufata Byumba, Radiyo Muhabura yarimutse itangira gukorera ahitwa Bungwe, icyo gihe itangira gukora nka Radiyo nk’izindi abanyamakuru bagakora bari kumwe n’abatekinisiye. Nubwo Mwewusi yari yaraje ari umusirikare nk’abandi, ariko kubera ko itsinda rya mbere ryakoze kuri Radio Muhabura ryari abasirikare nawe yisanze ahawe inshingano zo kuyobora porogaramu zayo ndetse no kugenzura ibiganiro byayo, ariko akagira n’ibiganiro ategura ubwe, agahangana no kunyomoza amakuru yatangwaga na Radiyo z’ibihuha nka RTLM, na Radiyo Rwanda yabeshyaga amakuru y’urugamba, ndetse ikanabiba urwango.

Radio Muhabura rero yashyiraga imbere ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda, nta na rimwe yavugaga Abatutsi cyangwa Abahutu, ahubwo yavugaga Abanyarwanda, icyo gihe yagiraga n’inshingano zo kubeshyuza ibivugwa na RTLM no kuri Radio Rwanda ikavuga amakuru y’ukuri, ariko ibinyujije no mu binyamakuru byandika mu ndimi zitandukanye yari ifite. Mu by’ukuri Muhabaura ngo ntabwo yari Radiyo gusa, ahubwo yagiraga byinshi ikora harimo ibyo kwandika, gukora za videwo n’ibindi.
Radiyo Muhabura kandi ngo yari ifite agaciro gakomeye, kubera ko byari bizwi ko ihigwa cyane, ku buryo iteka yashyirwaga hafi y’ahari ibirindiro by’ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ingabo (high command), kugira ngo irindirwe umutekano bikomeye. Radio Muhabura, yakoraga yimuka, ibikoresho byayo bakabyikorera ku mutwe bakabyimurira aho igiye gukorera, kuko yavuye mu Rugano, yimukira Bungwe, nyuma yimukira i Kaniga.
Bijyanye n’uko ubushobozi bwagiye buzamuka, Radiyo Muhabura ngo yagiye ivugurura imikorere, ku buryo nko mu gihe yakoreraga aho i Bungwe, imaze kubona abakozi benshi, yavuye ku biganiro biri mu Kinyarwanda gusa, yongeramo n’izindi ndimi harimo Igifaransa, Icyongereza, Igiswahili ndetse yongeramo n’imyidagaduro, harimo amakinamico, n’umwanya w’umuziki, abasirikare bagatura bagenzi babo indirimbo n’ibindi.

Mu 1993, mu gihe cy’imishyikirano y’amahoro ya Arusha, ngo nibwo Radio Muhabura yagize izina rikomeye, kubera ko Radio Rwanda na RTLM, zatangazaga amakuru abeshya abantu, ariko Radio Muhabura yo ikavuga inkuru mpamo.

Iyi Radiyo, ngo yari ifite umusirikare ushinzwe kuyoherereza amakuru y’uko ibintu byose byagenze mu mishyikirano, ku buryo abanyamakuru bayo bari barihaye iyo ntego, buri munsi bakaba badashobora kuryama badatangaje ibyabereye i Arusha n’ubwo byaza mu ijoro cyane, kandi bakabitangaza mu ndimi zose zakoreshwaga. Ayo makuru y’ibibera mu mishyikirano Radio Muhabura ngo yayatangazaga na mbere y’uko Radio Rwanda iyatangaza, bigatuma abantu bayumva mbere y’uko bumva ibyo Radio Rwanda na RTLM zitangaza.
Radio Muhabura ni yo yaje guhinduka Radio Rwanda guhera muri Nyakanga 1994, kubera ko abari bahunze bahunganye imodoka igenda ivugiramo Radio, babanza kuyishyira i Gitarama. Nyuma ibigize iyi adiyo ngo bayijyanye ku Gisenyi,ariko bakomeza kuvuga ko Radiyo Rwanhda ivugira i Kigali, ariko babeshya. Aha rero, Radiyo Muhabura yatangiye kumvikana yahindutse Radiyo Rwanda ivugira i Kigali, iyo yindi bahunganye yahise izima kubera ko nta minara yari igifite.
Abakoraga kuri Radiyo bajyaga biyita amazina y’amahimbano
Asobanura impamvu abanyamakuru bo kuri Radiyo Muhabura bahitagamo kudakoresha amazina yabo nyayo, Mwewusi yavuze ko byari mu rwego rwo kurinda umutekano w’imiryango baturukagamo, cyane cyane iya bagenzi babo bari baturutse mu Rwanda, kuko iyo amazina yabo nyayo amenyekana, byari kuba ikibazo.

Yagize ati, “ Ntitwakoreshaga amazina yacu, kuko icya mbere, ntabwo twari nk’abanyamakuru basanzwe bashaka kumenyekana, ariko nanone ku bantu bavaga hano mu Rwanda twagira ngo turinde imiryango yabo.”

Ku bijyanye n’uruhare iyo Radiyo yagize mu rugamba rwi kubohora u Rwanda, Mwewusi avuga ko bitashoboka gushyira ku munzani kugira ngo amenye uko uruhare rungana, ariko yemeza ko yari ifite inshingano nyinshi, harimo ubukangurambaga, kuvuga neza gusobanura intego y’urugamba n’ibindi.

Avuga ko Radiyo Muhabura yagize uruhare runini kuko yahuraga n’abashyitsi baje kureba uko urugamba rumeze. Yagize uruhare mu rugamba nk’uko n’izindi ngeri nyinshi z’abantu zagize uruhare mu rugamba, kuko ngo nta muntu umwe watsinda urugamba.

Mwewusi Karake nk’umuntu wakoze itangazamakuru muri icyo gihe cy’urugamba agira icyo avuga ku itangazamakuru rikorwa muri iki gihe cy’ikoranabuhanga, aho asanga abanyamakuru bamwe batagira ukwigengesera ngo bumve ingaruka zishobora gukurikira ibyo batangaza.

Mwewusi Karake nk’umuntu wakoze itangazamakuru muri icyo gihe cy’urugamba agira icyo avuga ku itangazamakuru rikorwa muri iki gihe cy’ikoranabuhanga.

Mwewusi avuga ko iyo arebye uko itangazamakuru rikorwa muri iki gihe, hari ibyo aribonamo bikamubabaza.

Yagize ati, “ Urumva njye nagiye ku rugamba ndi umugabo mfite abana n’umugore, ntabwo twajyaga gushaka ‘views’, ariko ubu hari ibintu wumva ku maradio, ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, ukavuga uti buriya uriya muntu yigez atekereza ku ngaruka z’ibi bintu”?

Mweusi avuga ko nubwo bigoye kubera ko amafaranga akenewe kandi ibyo bikaba ari ibintu byumvikana, ariko nibura abanyamakuru bajya bashyira ku munzani mbere yo kugira icyo batangaza, bakabanza kwibaza icyo bimariye ababumva.

Reba ibindi muri iyi video:

Ambasaderi Isaie Murashi

Icyakora, abari bahari kuwa mbere Nyakanga 1962 n’imyaka yakurikiyeho, bagaragaza ko mu by’ukuri ubwo bwigenge batabubonye byuzuye, cyangwa nta nyungu babubonyemo uretse kubebera.

Muri macye ngo byagarukiye ku ibendera, ibirango by’igihugu no kwandikwa mu nteko y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ariko ubuzima bw’umunyarwanda aho gutera imbere ahubwo burushaho kuba bubi.

Rwamucyo Bernard w’imyaka 54 y’amavuko wo mu Murenge wa Nyamata mu Karere ka Bugesera, avuga ko u Rwanda rwabonye ubwigenge bwuzuye rwose muri Nyakanga 1962, kubera ko icyo gihe ibendera ry’u Rwanda ryarazamuwe, mu gihe ubundi habaga habazamuwe ibendera ry’abakoloni b’Ababiligi.

Gusa, avuga ko ku rundi ruhande, ubwo bwigenge u Rwanda rwabonye bwagize akamaro ku gice kimwe cy’Abanyarwanda, mu gihe abandi bo ntacyo bwari bumaze ndetse ntacyo bwari busobanuye, kubera ko nubwo ibendera ry’u Rwanda ryari rizamuwe rwahawe ubwigenge, ariko ntacyo rwakoze ngo rucyure impunzi zigizwe ahanini n’Abatutsi zari zarameneshejwe muri 1959 zihungira mu bihugu bitandukanye birimo Uganda, u Burundi, Zaire n’ahandi.

Ikindi avuga ko n’ubwo ubwo bwigenge bwari bwabonetse mu 1962, bitabujije bamwe mu Banyarwanda gukomeza gutotezwa no kubuzwa amahoro mu gihugu cyabo, bamwe bakicwa abandi bagakomeza guhunga igihugu.

Uyu avuga ko nko mu 1963 abanyarwanda bamwe bahunze, mu 1967 abandi barahunga mu gihe cy’ibitero by’inyenzi, mu 1973 mu ntambara yiswe iy’abanyeshuri nabwo abandi barahunga. Nyuma y’aho habaho ihirikwa ry’ubutegetsi ryakozwe na Habyarimana Yuvenali muri Nyakanga 1973, we nibura atanga icyo yise ihumure, abatutsi ntibongera guhunga, ariko azana na politiki yiswe ‘politiki y’iringaniza’ igakoreshwa mu mashuri ariko mu myanya no mu kugena imyanya mu butegetsi hamwe na hamwe.

Munyankore Jean Baptiste w’imyaka 86, wabaye umwalimu mu mashuri abanza igihe kirekire kugeza agiye mu kihuko cy’izabukuru, we avuga ko ubwo bwigenge bwatanzwe ari umugabo wubatse, afite n’abana babiri, ariko kuri we nk’umwe mu banyarwanda bari baramaze gucirwa mu Bugesera baturutse mu Ruhengeri, ntiyigeze abona ubwo bwigenge nk’ikintu cyazanye impinduka nziza ku Banyarwanda bose.

Yagize ati, “ Ubwo bwigenge bwari bwarasabwe n’ Umwami Rudahigwa, ariko Ababirigi batinda kubutanga, hanyuma uko ibihe bigenda, baza kwemera kubutanga ariko ntibabutanze ku bushake bwabo, ahubwo babutanze bagamije gufatanya n’abahutu batumvikanye n’Umwami, kandi babaha ubwo bwigenge kugira ngo babafashe kuyobora u Rwanda. Ubwo bwigenge rero bivugwa ko batanze mu 1962, bwijihijwe n’abahutu n’ababirigi ubwabo, abatutsi ntabari bahari ngo babwizihize kuko bamwe muri bo bari abakuru b’amashyaka bari barishwe naho Umwami Kigeli IV Ndahindurwa wari wasimbuye Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa arahunga mu 1961”.

Yakomeje agira ati, “ Ubwo bwigenge bwashimishije bene bwo, abahutu bafashijwe n’Ababiligi , ariko abandi bo ntacyo byabamariye. Ariko uko u Rwanda rumeze ubu, birashimishije cyane, kuko impande zose z’Abanyarwanda barisanzuye mu gihugu cyabo, uretse bariya bahunze badashyigikiye iterambere dufite mu gihugu cyacu, ndetse bagahora bashaka kurihungabanya, naho abandi bo nta kibazo bafite n’abari mu mu mahanga ubu imipaka irafunguye ntawe babuza kugenda no kugaruka uko abishaka. Ubuyobozi dufite mu Rwanda bwazanye impinduka ibintu biba byiza, ubu turanezerewe”.

Mukasoroza Dorothee w’imyaka 84, nawe wabaye umwalimu mu mashuri abanza kugeza ageze mu myaka y’ikiruhuko cy’izabukuru, avuga ko ubwigenge bwabonetse kuko ntacyo byari bimaze mu rwego kugira ibyiza buzanira Abanyarwanda babwifuzaga.

Yagize ati, “ Nta bwigenge bwabonetse, habonetse iki se? Ntacyo byamaze kuko byari nk’ikitiriro gusa, kuko twarabanje tuba mu Ruhengeri turi abana, buracya batuzana mu Bugesera, hanyuma kubera ibibazo by’imibereho mibi byari bihari, abashoboye guhunga barahunga bajya mu mahanga, kugeza ejobundi Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ije imara abantu. Ariko iwacu iyo twavuye mu Ruhengeri ntihongeye kuba iwacu ukundi, hatwawe n’abandi. Kuva turi bato ibyiza twabonye byazanywe n’ubwo bwigenge, ndoye njyewe nsanga ntacyo bwatumariye, twakomeje kubwerabwera”.

Nkurunziza François wavutse mu 1953, akaba yarabaye umuyobozi mu nzego z’ibanze mu myaka myinshi, avuga ko ubwo bwigenge bwabayeho ageze mu mwaka wa gatatu w’amashuri abanza, ariko inkubiri y’icyo bise ubwigenge, ngo yabanjirijwe n’icyo bise revolution yo muri 1959, ariko no guhera muri 1957 Abanyarwanda bamwe nka ba Gitera, Mbonyumutwa, Kayibanda n’abandi, ubundi batari bubyibwirize, ngo batangiye kuzana ibibazo by’amoko kandi bitari byarigeze bibaho mu Banyarwanda, kuko amoko y’Abayarwanda yari azwi kandi afite ibiyaranga, kuko niba hariho Abacyaba ubasanga mu Batutsi, mu Bahutu no mu Batwa.

Avuga ko icyateye ibyo byose,ni uko abakoroni babonye uko Afurika ibahindutse, ba Nyerere, ba Rwagasore, Patrice Lumumba n’abandi, babona Umwami w’u Rwanda nawe atangiye kugira ibitekerezo nk’ibyabo, rero batangira gushaka icyatanya Abanyarwanda kitari idini cyangwa ikindi, ahubwo bakoresha amoko kuko ari yo yakoroshya gutanya abanyarwanda, ariko bahera mu bize, harimo ba Kayibanda, bashyiraho ishirahamwe rizamura rubanda rugufi, nyuma nabyo babona ntibihagije, bashyiraho inyandiko yishwe manifeste des bahutu, nyuma bazana Parmehutu ishyaka rizamura Abahutu baryongera imbaraga.

Nkurunziza yagize ati, “ Ikintu cyose kigira imbarutso no muri 1959 bavuze ko Mbonyumutwa yakubitswe n’abasore b’Abatutsi, batangira ubwo batwikira abantu, abakoloni ntibagira icyo babivugaho, ahubwo abantu barahunga ari benshi bajya mu bihugu bikikije u Rwanda, abandi baba impunzi mu gihugu bavanywe mu bice bitandukanye by’u Rwanda babeshywa ko bazasubizwayo imvururu zirangiye kandi ntibegeze basubizwayo”.

Yakomeje agira ati, “ Ba Gashakabuhake ni abahanga cyane, bamaze guteza imvururu, mu 1961, Umwami amaze gutanga undi ahunze, bahita bashyiraho Mbonyumutwa, nawe ntiyamara iminsi kuko batari babona uwo bashaka, u Rwanda bari barimye ubwigenge kuva cyera, babutanga mu 1962, kuko babonaga no mu bindi bihugu by’Afurika ariko bimeze, banga gukomeza guhangana n’igitutu cy’abashaka ubwigenge”.

Nkurunziza avuga ko bisa n’aho nta bwigenge bwabaye kuko ntacyo bwamariye Abanyarwanda, ahubwo ngo bwarabaryanishije, kuko n abitwagaga ngo bafite amahoro nta byiza babonaga kuko ntibigaga, bari mu bukene, n’ibindi. Akomeza asobanura ko Kayibanda yavanyweho no kuba yari atari mu murongo neza w’abakoloni bamusimbuza Habyarimana agendera mu murongo wabo uko babyifuzaga. Ubwigenge bwabaye ubw’izina gusa, n’ubw’impapuro , ariko nta bwigenge nyabwo abanyarwanda babonye ngo bavuge ko bacitse ku ngoma y’Abakoloni.

Yagize ati, “ Hari umugani njya ncira abantu, ‘umugabo utarakomeza urugo ntiyivumburira imboga zigaze’, Kayibanda na Habyarimana ntibigeze bashobora kuba abayobozi nyabo ngo babe bafata ibyemezo ku giti cyabo bigamije iterambere ry’igihugu, kuko bakoraga mu murongo w’ababiligi, kandi batashobora kubigizayo. Ubu nibura urabona ko impinduramatwara zarabaye, ubu Abanyarwanda barumva neza amateka yabo barumva icyo babuze, biga amateka yabo,.. Ku itariki 1 Nyakanga nzigira mu murima wanjye, ariko ku itariki 4 Nyakanga bwo nzajya kwizihiza uwo munsi hamwe n’abandi bose babona ko noneho habayeho kwibohora nyako”.

Ambasaderi Murashi Isaie nk’umushakashatsi, akaba n’umunyamateka wanditse n’ibitabo bitandukanye ku mateka y’u Rwanda, avuga ku bijyanye n’ubwigenge bwo mu 1962, yavuze ko ikibazo ari uko ababuharaniye atari bo babubonye.

Yagize ati, “ Kuko muri iriya myaka, cyari igihe cyo kurwanira ukwigenga kwa Afurika, mu Rwanda hari inama nkuru y’igihugu iyobowe n’Umwami Mutara III Rudahigwa, u Rwanda rwari indagizo y’Abibirigi kuko rwari rwarahoze rukoronezwa n’Abadage, bamaze gutsindwa, rujya mu maboko ya LONI, hanyuma Ababiligi bahabwa manda yo kuragira Congo-Belge bari basanzwe bakoroniza, kongeraho u Rwanda n’u Burundi, bikagengwa n’amategeko amwe, ariko mu 1957, Jean Paul Harroy wari Visi Guverineri w’umubiligi ushinzwe u Rwanda n’u Burundi, afite icyicaro mu Burundi,yakiriye inyandiko yasinyweho n’Umwami Rudahigwa ivuga ko u Rwanda rushaka ubwigenge, kuko byari binanditse mu mategeko ya LONI, Harroy ntiyayisubiza”.

Ambasaderi Murashi avuga ko Harroy yanze gusubiza iyo nyandiko yohererejwe n’abagize inama nkuru y’igihugu iyobowe n’Umwami Rudahigwa, ahubwo asaba Musenyeri Perrodin wakoreraga i Kabgayi, gusaba abantu 9 barimo Kayibanda Gregoire, Mbonyumutwa, Gitera n’abandi , gusinya inyandiko yiswe ‘manifeste des Bahutu’, ivuga ko abatutsi bakandamije abahutu, icyo gihe bahindura ikibazo cyo gusaba ubwigenge bakigira icy’amoko, Umwami Rudahigwa ngo avuga ko ibyo ari urwitwazo mu Rwanda nta kibazo cy’amoko gihari, kandi kuko yari Umwami ukunzwe n’Abanyarwanda, abo bakoroni bahise bihutira gushaka uko bamwica.

Nk’uko bisobanurwa na Amb.Murashi, Umwami Rudahigwa ngo yabwiye Harroy ko ashaka kujya i New York kureba Umunyamabanga mukuru wa LONI bakavugana ku kibazo cy’ubwigenge bw’u Rwanda, Harroy amusaba kuza i Bujumbura bakabiganiraho. Umwami Rudahigwa yagiye aho i Bujumbura agiye kuganira na Harroy wari wamutumiye, ariko agiye no kwikingiza urukingo rwa ‘Fievre jaune’ mbere y’uko akora urwo rugendo yateganyaga kugirira i New York.

Gusa, Umwami Rudahigwa ageze i Bujumbura, ntiyahise abonana na Harroy wari wamutumiye, ahubwo mu gihe amutegereje ajya kureba umuganga wari usanzwe amuvura kugira ngo amuhe urwo rukingo, ariko uwo muganga ngo yari yasabwe na Harroy ko amutera urushinge rw’ingusho rukamwica.

Uwo muganga arakora ararumutera, Umwami Rudahigwa aratanga ku itariki 25 Nyakanga 1959, i Bujumbura, ariko mu gihe cyo gutabariza umugogo we, Abanyarwanda barimo uwitwa Rukeba Francois wari umucuruzi ukomeye, akaba n’inshuti ikomeye y’Umwami Rudahigwa ndetse n’Umwami Musinga, bavuga ko badashobora gutabariza umugogo w’Umwami barabona undi, kandi ko bidashoboka ko Abanyarwanda barara batabonye undi Mwami, ibyo byatumye ako kanya himikwa himikwa Umwami Kigeli IV Ndahindurwa, nubwo Harroy yari yabanje kubyanga.

Uwo Harroy yemeye ko Kigeli IV yima ingoma, abyemera atabyemeye, hashize amezi mecyeya, batangira gutwikira abatutsi bihereye i Kabgayi, Umupadiri witwa Duchamps ngo niwe wabanje gutwika, nyuma bikwira hose, ibibazo babihindura iby’amoko.

Icyo gihe, kandi bashyizeho amashyaka menshi kugira ngo ishyaka rya PARMEHUTU rya Kayibanda rikomere, mu gihe hari harabanje iryitwa UNAR, abenshi mu bagize UNAR barimo na Rukeba Francois barahunze, bahungira Tanzania bafashwa na Perezida Nyerere kugera muri LONI kugira ngo bagaragaze ikibazo cyabo, ariko abandi bahungira mu bindi bihugu bituranye n’u Rwanda.

Abo bagiye gusaba ubwigenge, ngo baburanye n’Ababirigi, LONI itegeka ko abo barimo Rukeba, bagaruka mu Rwanda, hakabaho amatora ya kamarampaka yabaye ku itariki 25 Nzeri 1961, hagamijwe kureba niba Abanyarwanda bakunze Umwami cyangwa se Repubulika.

Gusa, Umwami Kigeli IV Ndahindurwa we yari yaroherejwe mu birori by’ubwigenge bwa Congo-Belge, hanyuma bamuheza hanze, Harroy asohora itangazo rivuga ko agomba kuguma mu mahanga kugeza igihe bazamwemera, kugaruka.

Mu gihe cy’ayo matora ya Kamarampaka, Umwami Kigeli IV Ndahindurwa ngo yaje nijoro, bamufatira i Nyamirambo bamusubiza i Bujumbura, muri ayo matora UNAR yabonye amajwi menshi nk’uko byagaragajwe na Gatwa Papias wari uhagarariye UNAR, ariko Ababiligi ngo bamufatiraho imbunda bamujyana i Bujumbura, icyo gihe amatora atsindwa na PARMEHUTU ya Kayibanda. Nk’uko byari biri mu itegeko rya LONI, yagennye ko u Rwanda n’u Burundi bihabwa ubwigenge ku itariki ya 1 Nyakanga 1962, icyo gihe PARMEHUTU yisanga ifite byose mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi.

Amb. Murashi avuga ko mu by’ukuri nta bwigenge bwabayeho kuko n’ibyabaye byabaye mu nduru nyinshi Abatutsi babica hamwe n’abandi baharaniraga ubwigenge, kuko bafashe ikibazo cy’ababiligi n’abanyarwanda bakigira ikibazo cy’amoko.

Ni ubwigenge bwabaye ku izina gusa, kuko niko byavuzwe na LONI kandi ari ya yategekaga u Rwanda, ariko bwarabaye birukana igice kimwe cy’Abanyarwanda. Mu mategeko ni ubwigenge kuko habayeho kuzamura ibendera ry’u Rwanda no Repubulika, ariko abashakaga ubwo bwigenge bahinduka impunzi, abatarabushakaga baba ari babuhabwa.

Abo bahungiye mu bihugu bitandukanye nibo baje guhinduka inkotanyi barwanya ubutegetsi bubi bwagiyeho guhera icyo gihe cy’ubwigenge, kuko yaba ubutegetsi bwa Kayibanda n’ubwa Habyarimana ntaho byari bitandukaniye cyane kuko n’ubundi hatagekaga Ababiligi kandi bafite Politiiki yo guheza abatutsi hanze n’abandi baharaniye ubwigenge. Amb.Murashi avuga ko iyo ari yo mpamvu mu Rwanda itariki ikomeye ari 4 Nyakanga, kubera ko ivuze kwibohora kuri ubwo butegetsi bubi.

Minisitiri Kipchumba Murkomen

Mu kiganiro yatanze umunsi umwe nyuma y’uko imyigaragambyo yo ku itariki 25 Kamena 2025 itangiye, uwo Minisitiri yabwiye Abayobozi ba Polisi ko badakwiye korohera abigaragambya, kuko nta mpamvu n’imwe bafite yo kwitonda imbere y’abo baturage kuko baba bashotoye Polisi.

Yavuze ko hari zimwe muri sitasiyo za polisi zatwitswe n’abigaragambya, ahandi batwika imodoka, ndetse abapolisi basaga 300 bakomerekera muri iyo myigaragambyo, nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru Tuko cy’aho muri Kenya.

Nyuma yo kuvuga ibyo, Minisitiri Murkomen yagiriye inama Polisi kujya ikoresha intwaro ifite mu kwirinda, agira ati “Niba ufite imbunda, rasa umuturage uwo ari we wese ugerageje kugaba igitero ku cyicaro cya polisi”.

Yongeyeho ko nta kibazo polisi ikwiye kugira, mu gihe irashe ikanica abaturage bigaragambya, kuko ibindi bikurikiraho byarebwa nyuma, kandi ko uwarashe abigaragambya nta mpungenge zo kuzisobanura nyuma y’ibyo, kuko Minisitiri Murkomen ubwe yiteguye kuba nyambere mu kumuhagararira no kwemeza ko ibyo yakoze byari bikwiye.

Ayo magambo ya Minisitiri Murkomen yakiriwe nabi n’Abanya-Kenya benshi, bamwe bavuga ko arimo akurura ubwicanyi butari ngombwa, binyuze muri ayo mabwiriza yatanze.

Mu kwisobanura kuri iyo mvugo, Minisitiri Murkomen ari imbere ya Perezida William Ruto, yavuze ko atigeze asaba Polisi kuba yafata icyemezo kitarimo ubushishozi.

Yagize ati "Ibi ndabivuga niyoroheje cyane, sinshobora gutegeka Umuyobozi wa Polisi gukora ikintu icyo ari icyo cyose, kubera ko Itegeko Nshinga rirabimbuza. Kandi rwose sinigeze ntegeka Umuyobozi wa Polisi cyangwa se undi mupolisi uwo ari we wese, kuba yarasa cyangwa akica abaturage ahantu aho ari ho hose”.

Minisitiri Kipchumba yavuze ko icyo yakoze ari ukwibutsa Abapolisi, ibijyanye n’amabwiriza asanzwe abagenga, avuga ko bagomba kurengera ubuzima igihe babona ko buri mu kaga, kandi bakarinda ibirindiro byabo n’intwaro zabo mu buryo bwose bushoboka, kabone nubwo byaba ngombwa kurasa, bakabikora.

Yagize ati “Icyo nakoze ni ugusobanura icyo itegeko riteganya, nanjye nk’umunyamategeko, narasomye, nasomye iri tegeko kandi nsobanukirwa icyo rivuga, rero icyo nabwiye abapolisi, nta hantu na hamwe muzasanga naravuze ngo umuturage azaraswe yicwe, kandi ntaho muzasanga na hamwe narabwiye Polisi ngo ifate itegeko natanze. Oya”.

Abo bibukwa muri iyo myigaragambyo yatangiye ku itariki 25 Kamena 2025, ni abaguye mu myigaragambyo yakozwe ahanini n’urubyiruko rwiswe ‘Gen-Z’, rwamaganaga izamuka rikabije ry’imisoro ndetse n’ubuzima buhenze cyane muri icyo gihugu.

Minisitiri w’umutekano imbere mu gihugu cya Kenya, Kipchumba Onesimus Murkomen yavuze ko imyigaragambyo yabaye guhera ku wa Gatatu tariki 25 Kamena mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu cya Kenya, ari igerageza ryo guhirika ubutegetsi.

Minisitiri Murkomen aganira n’itangamakuru ku wa Kane tariki 26 Kamena 2025, yagize ati ’’Ejo ntabwo Polisi yakoresheje imbaraga z’umurengera, ahubwo baburijemo igerageza ryo guhirika ubutegetsi”.

Yakomeje asobanura ko ibyo inzego z’umutekano zakoze muri iyo myigaragambyo, ntaho bihuriye no kubuza uburenganzira ababuze ababo mu myigaragambyo ya Gen Z yabaye umwaka ushize.

Yagize ati ’’Iyo myigaragambyo itegurwa na bamwe mu banyapolitiki bakoresha urubyiruko nabi, ariko bafite umugambi cyangwa se intego yo guhirika ubutegetsi buriho”.

Morkomen yongeyeho ko muri iyo myigaragambyo yo ku wa gatatu tariki 25 Kamena, sitasiyo 9 za polisi zigabijwe n’abo bari mu myigaragambyo, ndetse batwikamo eshanu, batwara n’imbunda eshanu bazikuye ahantu hatandukanye mu gihugu.

Uwo Minisitiri kandi yaboneyeho umwanya wo gusobanura icyemezo cyafashwe na Guverinoma ya Kenya, cyo gufunga by’agateganyo ibitangazamakuru bimwe na bimwe, mu rwego rwo kubibuza gutangaza mu buryo bw’ako kanya, ibirimo kubera mu myigaragambyo, avuga ko uko kubinyuza mu itangazamakuru byari gutuma imyigaragambyo irushaho kugira imbaraga, ikaba yagera no muri perezidansi y’icyo gihugu.

Zimwe muri televiziyo z’aho muri Kenya zari zafunzwe by’agateganyo ku wa Gatatu tariki 25 Kamena, kuko zarenze ku mabwiriza abuza za radio zose na televiziyo zikorera muri icyo gihugu gutangaza uko ibijyanye n’imyigaragambyo birimo kugenda, harimo NTV, KTN ndetse na K24, ariko nyuma zikaba zongeye kwemererwa gufungura, nk’uko byatangajwe na Radio mpuzamahanga y’Abafaransa (RFI).

Biravugwa ko kugeza ubu, abigarambya bamaze gupfa ari abantu 16, mu gihe abandi benshi bakomeretse bazize amasasu y’inzego z’umutekano zigamije kubatatanya.

Umuyobozi wa Polisi (Inspector General of Police) Douglas Kanja, we yavuze ko abapolisi basaga 300 bakomerekeye muri iyo myigaragambyo.

Uwo Muyobozi kandi yatangaje ko abagize uruhare bose muri iyo myigaragarambyo, bazashakishwa bagafatwa, hanyuma bakagezwa imbere y’ubutabera bakaburanishwa ku byaha bakoze.

Yasezeranye mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko atabizi

Biragoye cyane kwiyumisha ukuntu umusore yaba yuzura n’umukobwa bakundana bisanzwe, nyuma bagahagarika urwo rukundo rwabo kubera impamvu zitandukanye, hanyuma bwacya umwe muri bo akamenya ko yasezeranye n’undi mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, mu gihe we atari abizi ndetse n’ibyo birori byo gusezerana atigeze abizamo.

Ibyo rero ni byo byabaye kuri uwo mugabo w’i Texas, kuko yisanze yarasezeranye n’umugore bahoze bakundana, nyamara atari abizi. Nubwo atifuje ko amazina ye atangazwa, ariko avuga ko yakundanye n’umugore witwa Kristin Marie Spearman ndetse aza no kujya gushaka icyemezo cyemeza ko yasezeranye byemewe n’amategeko n’uwo mugabo (marriage license) aragihabwa, nubwo abo bombi nta hantu bigeze bahurira ngo basezerane.

Uwo mugabo ajya kumenya ko yasezeranye n’uwo mugore atabizi, byaturutse ku mwanzuro yari afashe nyuma y’intonganya bagiranye. Uwo mugabo ngo yabwiye Spearman ko atagikeneye ko bakomeza gukundana. Uwo mugore ngo yaramwikirije, ariko afite indi migambi mu mutwe.

Mu ntangiriro z’uku kwezi kwa Kamena 2025, nyuma y’iminsi micyeya bahagaritse ibyo gukundana, nibwo uwo mugabo w’imyaka 42, yakiriye agakarito gapfunyikwamo impano (a gift bag) gakorwa na kompanyi yitwa ‘Bath & Body Works’, asangamo ibintu bitandukanye bikorwa n’iyo kompanyi, ariko harimo na Kopi y’icyemezo cy’abashakanye ku buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, cyatanzwe ku itariki 13 Kamena 2025, hariho amazina y’uwo mugabo ndetse n’aya Spearman. Mmu gakarito kandi hari harimo n’ifoto y’uwo mugore asinya inyandiko yemeza ko iryo shyingiranwa ryabo ryemewe n’amategeko.

Ikinyamakuru OddityCentral cyatangaje ko ubusanzwe, amabwiriza aboneka ku rubuga rwa County McLennan aho muri Texas abo bombi batuye, ateganya ko abifuza gushyingiranwa, bagomba kuba bahari bombi kugira ngo ishyingiranwa ryabo ribe rifite agaciro, ariko muri iyi dosiye idasanzwe, uwo mugore Kristin Marie Spearman bivugwa ko yashoboye gushaka umuntu wemeza ko habayeho ugushyingiranwa kwemewe n’amategeko, nubwo umugabo atari ahari.

Avuga kuri icyo kibazo, Umuyobozi wa Polisi muri ako gace, Kory Martin yagize ati “Ndatekereza ko mu myaka 23 maze mu kazi, ntigeze numva undi muntu washoboye gusezerana byemewe n’amategeko n’umuntu utahibereye ubwe”.

Yakomeje asobanura ko uwo mugabo wahuye n’ikibazo cyo kwisanga yarasezeranye byemewe n’amategeko atabizi, ubu yatangiye gahunda zishoboka zo gukemura icyo kibazo.

Yagize ati “Navuganye n’uwo mugabo wahuye n’ikibazo, ubu yatangiye inzira (process) ikomeye yo kugerageza kugikemura. Ni uko ibintu bimeze ubu, ariko impungenge zirimo umuntu wese yakwibaza ni ukuvuga ngo umutekano wanjye cyangwa se uw’umutungo wanjye uri he? Ikiganiro kinini twagiranye ni aho cyibanze, ariko no kumenya ngo ikibazo cyabayeho, nakora iki kugira ngo gikemuke?”

Hagati aho Spearman yamaze gutabwa muri yombi, arimo arakurikiranwaho ibyaha by’uburiganya no guhohotera undi muntu, ku buryo ahorana ubwoba ku mutekano we n’uw’umutungo we.

Yitabiriye umuhango wo gushyingura abana be ari mu maboko y’inzego z’umutekano

Uwo mugabo wahuye n’ibyago byo gupfusha abana, ariko akaba adashobora no kubona umwanya wo kubunamira uko bikwiye, yafunzwe mu rwego rwo gukorwaho iperereza, kugira ngo bimenyekane niba hari uruhare yaba yaragize mu rupfu rw’abo bana.

Abo bana bashyinguwe ku wa Kabiri tariki 24 Kamena 2025, mu marira menshi n’agahinda ndetse n’urujijo rukomeye, bashyingurwa n’abagize umuryango mugari n’abaturanyi ndetse na se, waje azanywe n’Abapolisi babiri bambaye gisivili kuko afunzwe, mu gihe nyina w’abo bana, we atashoboye kuhagera kubera ko arimo yitabwaho n’abaganga mu bitaro by’aho muri Tanzania byitwa KCMC, nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru Mwananchi.

Nubwo iperereza rigikomeje, ariko amakuru yatanzwe n’abaturanyi b’uwo muryango, avuga ko abo bana baba barishwe na nyina, abatemye ahantu henshi hatandukanye ku mubiri, akoresheje ikintu gifite ubugi kitazwi, kugeza ubu niba ari icyuma, umuhoro cyangwa ikindi, arangije kubica na we ubwe ngo yarikomerekeje cyane, ahita ajyanwa mu bitaro, aho arimo avurirwa ibikomere.

Padiri Juvenal Kimariyo uyobora Paruwasi Gatolika yitiriwe Umuryango mutagatifu mu Mujyi wa Hai, aho uwo muryango wagize ibyago utuye, akaba ari we wayoboye igitambo cya misa yo gusabira abo bana mbere y’uko bashyingurwa, yavuze ko uwo muryango ubu urimo kunyura mu bihe biwukomereye cyane, asaba abantu bari aho kuwusengera, kugira ngo Imana ibahe kwihangana.

Yagize ati “Turabizi ko ubu uyu muryango urimo kunyura mu bihe biwukomereye kubera ibi byawubayeho, twebwe abemera dukomeza gushyira uyu muryango mu biganza by’Imana yonyine, ibahe kwihangana no gutekereza, kuko ntabwo tuzi neza uko byagenze, ubwo rero tubiharire Imana”.

Mu izina ry’ubuyobozi bw’inzego z’ibanze bwaje muri uwo muhango wo gushyingura abo bana, Umuyobozi witwa Joachim Mbowe, yavuze ko abaturage bagomba kujya birinda gufata imyanzuro iyo ari yo yose, bafite uburakari, kuko hari ubwo iyo myanzuro itwara ubuzima bw’abantu badafite n’aho bahuriye n’ikibazo gihari.

Yagize ati “Turashima Imana ko yakiriye neza abana bacu Precious na Glory, mu by’ukuri iki ni igikorwa giteye agahinda n’umubabaro hano iwacu. Icyo nasaba abaturage bose, ni ukujya birinda gufata ibyemezo bahutse kubera uburakari. Turabizi neza ko nyina w’aba bana yari afitanye ibibazo n’umugabo we, ariko ntibyari bikwiye ko ubwo burakari afite abujyana no ku bana, kubera ko nta ruhare na rumwe bari bafite mu bibazo ababyeyi bafitanye”.

Uwo muyobozi yaboneyeho umwanya wo gusaba abaturage bo muri ako gace, gukomeza kurangwa n’ituze, mu gihe Polisi ikomeje iperereza rigamije kumenya uko byagenze kugira ngo abo bana bicwe batemwe.

Hari abamukurikiye ngo bamubaze ikibaye abereka igihandure, ubukwe buhagaragara uko

Umusaza umwe mu bari batashye ubukwe, yagaragaye agenda akurikiye uwo mugabo ngo arebe ko yamugarura, naho abandi cyane cyane ab’urubyiruko bo bagenda bamwiruka inyuma nko guhurura bumijwe n’ibibaye.

Abatumirwa muri ubwo bukwe, babuze ikindi bakora uretse gukomeza kwicara aho bumiwe, ariko abandi bo ngo bumvikanye banyuzamo bagaturika bagaseka, kuko batangajwe cyane n’ibibaye, nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru Tuko cyandikirwa aho muri Kenya.

Muri iyo videwo humvikanamo ijwi rigira rigira riti "Arirutse umugabo, asize umugeni we”.

Nyuma y’uko uwo mugabo yirutse nta mpamvu itanzwe, ubukwe bwahise buhagarara bitunguranye, maze abari babutashye bamwe batangira kujya ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, bavuga iby’ukuntu bupfuye mu buryo budasanzwe.

Bamwe mu bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga bavuga ko wenda uwo mugabo hari amakuru akomeye yameye ku mukunzi we, ayamenyeye aho mu bukwe cyangwa se akaba yararabutswe umukobwa bakundanaga cyera cyangwa umugore babyaranye, agahita abona ko agiye gukora ibintu bitari byo agahitamo kwigendera.

Uwitwa Douglas Ondieki kuri X ati " Wasanga uriya mugabo yarabonye umukobwa bakundanaga cyera ‘ex’ yinjiye mu bukwe bitunguranye, agahita abona ko uwo bagiye gusezerana atari we akwiye gushakana na we”.

Stephen Mangare we ati "Ariko se kuki umuntu ategereza guhagarika ubukwe ku munota wa nyuma? None se yari yashyizweho agahato kwinjira muri ubwo bukwe?"

Silas Serem ati " Ubu se impamu y’ibi ni iyihe koko? Ntekereza ko yabonye umuntu mu bukwe wenda umugore babyaranye akamenya ko yazanye n’umwana bafitanye, agahitamo kwigendera”.

Bill Philips we yagize ati "Ibyo bibera muri Kawunti ya Kisii gusa. Ariko hano muri Nyamira ntiduhunga ibibazo, turabikemura. Uwo ni umunyabwoba gusa”.

Wesley Nyagetiria ati "Buriya afite impamvu ze bwite, amategeko avuga ko gusezerana ari kontaro isinywa hagati y’abantu babiri, wenda arashaka kubana n’uwo mukobwa mu ibanga bitabaye ngombwa kubanza gusezerana. Gusa iki yakoze ni ikintu gitangaje”.

Mr. Li

Uwo mugabo witwa Mr. Li, ukomoka mu Ntara ya Zhejiang, yavuze ko nyuma yo kugura iyo modoka igezweho ikoreshwa n’amashanyarazi, yatangiye kumutera ikibazo kuva yayitwara bwa mbere, kubera ubutumwa imuha mu ijwi.

Uretse ubwo butumwa buza mu buryo bw’ijwi (audio), hari kandi n’ubutumwa buza mu buryo bw’inyandiko nabwo bukomeza bwiyandika muri ‘tableau’ y’imodoka, bumusaba gutwara abyitayeho ndetse no kwitwararika umutekano we (“Focus on driving, pay attention to safety”).

Uwo mugabo mu butumwa yashyize ku mbuga nkoranyambaga z’aho mu Bushinwa bukarebwa n’abantu benshi, yagize ati “Bisaba ko nkanura cyane amaso, ku buryo bwo gusa n’uyaturumbuye kugira ngo ubwo butumwa bw’ijwi buceceke”.

Ati “Ariko iyo ndimo ndeba bisanzwe, mpita ntangira kongera kumva ubwo butumwa buza nk’impuruza bunsaba kwirinda kurangara kandi ntwaye imodoka. Ikigaragara, ni uko kubera amaso yanjye matoya cyane, atuma imodoka yibwira ko ngiye gusinzira cyangwa se ndimo nsinzira kandi ntwaye imodoka”.

Muri iyo video, Li yashyize ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, yavuze ko iryo jwi ryo kumuburira, rishobora kuza nk’inshuro 20, mu rugendo rugufi akoze, ku buryo abibona nk’ibimubangamiye cyane ndetse ahubwo bikamutera kurangara ubwabyo.

Mu buryo butangaje, abenshi mu bagize icyo bavuga kuri iyo videwo, ni abashoferi b’aho mu Bushinwa, bavuga ko nabo bahura n’ibibazo nk’ibyo, nubwo baba batwaye imodoka zo mu bundi bwoko nka ‘Lynk’ na ‘Co, Deepal’ n’izindi.

Hari kandi n’abandi batunze imodoka za Xiaomi SU7 bagiye bavuga ko bahuye n’ikibazo nk’icyo cya Mr. Li, ndetse bamaze no kukigeze ku ruganda ruzikora.

Ubusanzwe, kuri izo modoka ngo habaho za camera, zireba mu isura y’umushoferi, zikohereza ijwi ryo kumuburira, niba arimo asinzira. Iyo umushoferi aryirengagije, rigera igihe rigaceceka.

RTB isaba inzego z’abikorera n’iza Leta kujya zakira abiga muri TVET

Kugeza ubu, mu Rwanda hari amashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro arenga 542 yigamo abanyeshuri barenga 100,000 nk’uko byasobanuwe na Ing. Paul Mukunzi, umuyobozi mukuru wa RTB (Rwanda Technical and Vocational Education and Training Board).

Yasobanuye ko intego y’amashuri ya TVET ari ugufasha abantu kwiga ibikenewe ku isoko ry’umurimo, icyo akaba ari cyo cyatumye Igihugu gishyira imbaraga nyinshi mu kuyateza imbere, bijyanye n’intego Igihugu cyihaye yo guhanga imirimo 250,000 buri mwaka.

Umuyobozi wa RTB, yashimangiye ko imbaraga Igihugu cyashyize muri ayo mashuri, zigaragazwa n’ubwiyongere bw’amashuri yo muri urwo rwego, aho mu myaka itanu ni ukuvuga 2020-2025, hubatswe amashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro agera kuri 252 hirya no hino mu gihugu. Ayo mashuri yubatswe kandi ajyana no kuyashyiramo ibikoresho bikenewe kandi bisaba imbaraga nyinshi.

Ikindi uburezi butangirwa muri ayo mashuri bwariyongereye cyane, ndetse n’ibipimo bikaba bigaragaza ko 70% by’abayarangizamo bose bahita babona akazi.

Mu rwego rwo kugira ngo abarangiza mu mashuri y’imyuga n’ubumenyingiro, barangize koko bafite ubumenyi bwuzuye, hashyizweho gahunda y’uko igice kimwe cy’ibiri ku nteganyanyigisho cyigirwa mu ishuri, ikindi kikigirwa mu kazi . Ibyo bikorwa cyane cyane ku bufatanye n’ibigo by’abikorera, kuko hari ibikoresho bishobora kuba biri aho akazi gakorerwa ariko bitari mu mashuri.

Mukunzi yavuze ko muri rusange, nubwo mu bigo bitandukanye byo mu rwego rw’abikorera byitabira cyane kwakira abiga muri za TVET, bakiga byinshi bari mu kazi, ndetse abenshi bagahita babonamo akazi, ariko hakiri ikibazo mu nzego zimwe na zimwe za Leta, asaba ko izifite imishinga zishyira mu bikorwa zikoresheje ingengo y’imari ya Leta, kujya zitabira kwakira abanyeshuri biga imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro.

Yagize ati “Mu nzego za Leta, natwe tugira za ‘projets’ nyinshi cyane dushyira mu bikorwa, dushaka kuzifashisha mu kwigisha, niba urwego runaka rugiye kubaka umuhanda w’ibilometero 100, uwo muhanda ushobora guhinduka ishuri. Uzuzura mu myaka ibiri, muri icyo gihe dushobora kuba twigishije abana barenga 200 bize kubaka umuhanda, ubutaha akaba ari bo bafata ikiraka cyo kubaka undi muhanda. Niba uri kubaka inyubako runaka, niba uri kubaka urugomero rw’amashanyarazi, niba uri kubaka ikiraro, icyo dukora cyose kinyuze mu ngengo y’imari ya Leta, turagira ngo ibyo bikorwa byose tubyifashishe mu kwigisha abana b’Abanyarwanda kandi tuzabigeraho”.

Albert Ojwang yari umwe mu bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga (blogueur) wafunzwe ashinjwa gutuka umuyobozi wa Polisi ku mbuga nkoranyambaga. Nyuma yo gupfa aguye muri kasho ya Polisi ya Kenya, isuzuma rikorerwa ku mirambo rigaragaza ko yakubiswe cyane nyuma agapfa anizwe, mu gihe inzego z’umutekano zo zivuga ko yiyahuye nk’uko byatangajwe n’Ikinyamakuru Tuko cyandikirwa muri Kenya.

Umusaza Meshack Ojwang, Se wa nyakwigendera Albert Ojwang, yasobanuye ko ashimira Perezida William Ruto kuko ubwo yamuhamagaye kuri telefoni akamwihanganisha, ndetse agatanga n’Amashilingi mu rwego rwo kwifatanya n’umuryango mu kababaro.

Yagize ati, " Ndashaka gufata uyu mwanya ngo nshime Imana. Ni yo twizeye. Perezida Ruto yafashe umwana wanjye nkaho ari uwe bwite. Hari benshi bapfuye, ariko we yafashe icyemezo cyo kumpamagara kuri telefoni mu rwego rwo kunyihanganisha.

Meshack Ojwang yakomeje avuga ko uretse Perezida William Ruto, hari n’abandi bayobozi b’aho muri Kenya nka Raila Odinga nawe wamuhamagaye kuri telefoni akamuha ubutumwa bwo kumwihanganisha ndetse na akamuha na Miliyoni imwe y’Amashilingi, mu gihe Guverineri wa Homa Bay, Gladys Wanga, nawe yasuye uwo muryango wapfushije uwabo, awusezeranya kububakira inzu y’ibyumba bibiri, ifite agaciro ka Miliyoni 1.5 y’Amashilingi ya Kenya, kandi yizeza ko iyo nzu igomba kuba yuzuye mu byumweru bibiri n’igice, bakayitaha mbere mbere yo gushyingura.

Bamwe mu banya-Kenya bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga, bagaragaje ko babajwe cyane no kubona uwo musaza yemera ayo mashilingi yatanzwe n’abategetsi bo muri Kenya, kandi umwana we bavuga ko yiciwe muri kasho ya Polisi atahabwa ubutabera nk’uko bisabwa n’abari mu myigaragambyo. Bamwe bavuga ko bikwiye ko uwo musaza asubiza ayo mafaranga umuryango wahawe mu rwego rwo kuwuyagira. Ariko abandi bakavugira uwo musaza ko atagombaga kwanga ayo mafaranga kuko uwo atari wo muti w’ikibazo, na cyane ko afite inshingano zo kwita ku mukazana we ndetse n’umwuzukuru we basizwe na nyakwigendera Albert Ojwanng’.

Uwiyita rockroyce001 ku rubuga rwa X yagize ati, “ Njyewe uwo musaza ansubize Amashilingi yanjye 300, ntiyivange n’ayo yandi.”

Naho Purse0nality_by_ess, we yagize ati, “ Tumuhe umwanya gato, abo mu gihe cye nta bintu byinshi bazi. Iyi ntambara ni iyacu”.

Gloria.tunu, we yagize ati, “Muzehe we, uyu ni umwanya wo gutuza no guceceka gacyeya, rwose turakwinginze. Ubu koko ababyeyi bacu nibo badukorera ibintu nk’ibi koko? Njyewe nubu simbyumva.”

Steve_muriuki yagize ati, “ Nubwo yasubiza ayo mafaranga, ntabwo byagarura umwana we”.

Riggy G we yagize ati, “ igihe amafaranga aje, ntukayange, icyangombwa gusa ni ukwirinda kwibagirwa”.

Korea_mamasky, we yagize ati, “ Nimumureke yunamire umwana we mu mahoro. Kwanga amafaranga ntabwo ari byo bivuze gushaka ubutabera. Ararera umwuzukuru yita no ku mupfakazi wa nyakwigendera. Iyo nkunga yatanzwe ikenewe. Uburakari bwanyu murabwerekeza ahatari ho”.

Musau_erique yagize ati, “ Burya ni ukuri koko amafaranga yagambaniye na Yesu”.
Eric Omondi, wahoze ari umunyarwenya aho muri Kenya nyuma akaba uharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu yavuze ko hari paji nshya igiye gufunguka mu rwego rwa politiki n’imiyoborere muri Kenya, kandi ko ubu uko politiki ya Kenya imeze muri iki gihe, ari nka bwa bubabare umubyeyi agira mbere yo kubyara umwana we.

Eric Omondi yakomeje asaba abayobozi bariho muri Kenya kureka imiyoborere mibi irangwa n’ivangura ry’amoko, ubugome, n’ibindi abasaba kurangiza manda zabo bakavaho bakagenda.

Ubwo butumwa bwakirwe neza n’abanya-Kenya benshi bamushima ko agize ubutwari bwo gushobora kunenga abategetsi ba Kenya, ndetse bamwe bamusaba kuziyamamaza mu matora ataha yo mu 2027, kugira ngo agire uruhare mu kuzana impinduka nziza muri politiki y’icyo gihugu.

Itangazamakuru ryo muri Taiwan, rivuga ku nkuru y’urupfu rubabaje rw’uwo mugabo, ryatangaje ko abaganga bemeje ko yapfuye nyuma yo kugira ‘infection’ ikomeye mu bihaha, iturutse ku burozi bwatewe n’ibyuma bishaje byinjiraga mu mubiri we.

Bivugwa ko uwo mugabo yatangiye kugaragaza ibibazo by’ubuzima butameze neza mu mwaka ushize wa 2024, kwa muganga bamufashe amaraso barayapima, ibisubizo bigaragaza ko afite uburozi bwinshi mu mubiri we buturuka ku byuma bishaje.

Nyuma abaganga batangiye gukurikirana ubuzima bwe, ngo bamenye inkomoko y’ubwo burozi buturuka ku byuma bishaje buri mu mubiri we, nyuma baza gusanga amaze imyaka 10 akoresha teremusi y’icyuma imwe atayihindura kandi ayikoresha buri munsi.

Barebye muri iyo teremusi, basanze yifitemo umugese mwinshi ariko utarigeze ubuza uwo mugabo gukomeza kuyikoresha abikamo ibinyobwa bitandukanye nk’ikawa, icyayi, ndetse n’imitobe itandukanye.

Ikibabaje ni uko uwo mugabo na nyuma yo kumenya ko teremusi ye irimo umugese cyangwa se ingese kubera ko ikozwe mu cyuma gifatwa n’ingese, yakomeje kuyikoresha kuko yibwiraga ko bihagije kuba yayogeje akanayunyuguza mbere yo kuyikoresha. Ntabwo igihe iyo teremusi yangirikiye ku buryo itangira gushyira umugese mu byo kunywa bayishyizemo. Gusa ikizwi ni uko uwo murwayi yongeye kugera ku bitaro igihe cyararenze ntacyo abaganga bakiramiye.

Ubwo burozi buturuka ku byuma bishaje bifite umugese, bwari bwaramaza kwangiza ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri we, ku buryo n’ibyo abaganga bagerageje gukora byose ntacyo byaramiye, kuko yaje kwicwa n’umusonga ukomeye.

Abaganga bakurikiranye uwo mugabo bagize bati, “ Teremusi ishobora kuba yaramaze igihe kirekire ikoreshwa by’umwihariko ikabikwamo ibinyobwa birimo gaze nka ‘cola’ iyo gaze ikaba yaratumye uburozi burushaho kwinjira mu mubiri we”.

Nyuma y’urwo rupfu rw’uwo mugabo, inzobere mu by’ubuzima aho muri Taiwan, zagiriye abaturage inama yo kujya bakoresha teremusi zikozwe mu byuma bidafatwa n’ingese bizwi nka ‘304 stainless steel’, kandi bakirinda kuzitwaramo ibinyobwa birimo za aside, kandi bakitwararika kuzisukura ku buryo buhoraho. Ikindi izo nzobere zavuze ko abantu bakwiye kujya bahindura teremusi nibura buri myaka ibiri (2) cyangwa se itatu (3) nk’uko bisabwa.

Uretse abo bantu 17 bamaze gupfa, hari abandi 40 bahise bajyanwa mu bitaro bya HJRA Hospital by’aho mu Mujyi wa Antananarivo, bikaba bivugwa ko abagera ku 10 muri abo bari mu bitaro bo barembye cyane, ku buryo iyo mibare y’abapfuye ishobora kwiyongera.

Abahumanyijwe n’ibyo biryo bose ni abanyeshuri bafite imyaka hagati ya 20-30 bari bahuriye mu birori by’isabukuru ya mugenzi wabo, ariko ibyo birori biza guhindukamo ibibazo mu gihe bamwe mu batumiwe bari batangiye kugaragaza ibimenyetso bikomeye by’uburwayi, harimo kubabara cyane umutwe, kubabara mu nda, kuruka ibintu by’icyatsi kibisi, kunanirwa kubona neza ndetse no kunaniwa guhumeka.

Minisiteri y’Ubuzima yatangaje ko abantu 17 ari bo bahise bapfa, nyuma yo kugira ibyo bimenyetso, abandi bahita bajyanwa mu bitaro kwitabwaho n’abaganga, mu gihe iperereza rigamije kumenya uko byagenze.

Ando Ravelonarivo, Umuyobozi muri Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi ushinzwe kurengera inyungu z’abaguzi, aganira n’itangazamakuru yavuze ko hari isuzuma ryatangiye gukorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ubwoko bwa za ‘bactéries’ zari muri ibyo biryo byishe abantu.

Yagize ati “Hari ibizamini bya Laboratwari byagiye gukorerwa ku byo kurya bicyeya byari mu gikoni aho amafunguro yateguriwe, byose byamaze koherezwa gusuzumwa, ubu dutegereje ibisubizo”.

Ku rundi ruhande, Minisiteri y’Ubukerarugendo aho muri Madagascar yategetse ko ikigo cyari cyateguriwemo ibyo birori, gifungwa by’agateganyo, na cyane ko cyari cyakoze ibyo gutegura amafungoro yo kwakira abantu mu birori, kandi nta cyangombwa gitangwa na Leta gifite cyo gutekera abantu cyangwa se kwakira ibirori, nk’uko byatangajwe na Radio mpuzamahanga y’Abafaransa, RFI.

Ikinyamakuru NewsMada cyo cyatangajwe ko mu bapfuye harimo uwari wagize isabukuru ndetse n’umugore nyiri icyo kigo cyateguye ibyo birori, na we wariye ku byo kurya byateguwe. Kivuga kandi ko imiryango imwe n’imwe yapfushije abantu babiri cyangwa barenga.

Bamwe mu bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga aho muri Madagascar, ndetse na bamwe mu babuze ababo baguye muri ibyo birori, basabye Leta gukurikirana icyo kibazo, kandi ikazatangaza ibisubizo bizava muri Laboratwari kugira ngo hamenyekane neza uko byagenze.

Yafashwe amaze gukora ingendo 120 z’indege atishyura

Mu rubanza, ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ko uwo mugabo witwa Tirone Alexander, yinjiraga ahantu hagenewe gusa abakozi bo mu ndege ku kibuga cy’indege, akahinjira avuga ko ari umukozi wo mu ndege, ibyo abikora inshuro 120 hagati y’umwaka wa 2018 na 2024.

Uwo mugabo yakoze ubwo buriganya yifashishije gahunda ya za komanyi z’indege zihuriyeho muri icyo gihugu, yemerera abakozi mu ndege bita ku bagenzi mu gihe cy’urugendo (flight attendants) ndetse n’abapilote, ko bagenda mu zindi ndege ku buntu batishyuye.

Tirone Alexander bivugwa ko yigeze kuba umukozi wo mu ndege zikora ingendo hirya no hino muri Amerika, hagati y’umwaka wa 2013 na 2015, nyuma aza guhagarika akazi, ariko kuko yari azi uko iyo gahunda ya za sosiyete z’indege ikora, yajyaga ku mbuga za interineti z’amakompanyi y’indege, akareba ahari ‘form’ abakozi bo mu ndege bifuza kugenda n’indege badakoramo buzuza, aho umuntu aba basabwa kuzuzamo izina rya sosiyete y’indege akorera, itariki yatangiriyeho akazi, na numero imuranga mu rwego rw’akazi (badge number).

Ibyo byose Tirone Alexander ngo yahitaga abyuzuza akoreheje amakuru y’amahimbano, hanyuma ku bigaragara muri izo ngendo zose 120 yakoze nta sosiyete n’imwe y’indege yigeze ifata umwanya wo kugenzura amakuru ari kuri izo nyandiko yuzuzaga akoresheje interineti.

Ubushinjacyaha bwavuze ko “Ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko Alexander yiyise umukozi wo mu ndege, abeshya sosiyete eshatu zitandukanye, akora izo ngendo yigaragaje nk’umukozi wo mu ndege ariko abeshya”.

Ibyo bimenyetso ubushinjacyaha bwazanye mu rukiko, byerekana ko hagati y’umwaka wa 2018-2024 mu buryo bw’uburiganya, Alexander yakoze ingendo z’indege atishyura ajya mu bice bitandukanye harimo Atlanta, Dallas, Las Vegas na Los Angeles.

Mu gihe yabaga yuzuza iyo form isabwa mbere y’uko umukozi wo mu ndege agenda mu yindi ndege ya sosoiyete adakoramo, ngo yajyaga yuzuzamo ko yakoreye sosiyete zirindwi (7) zitandukanye aho muri Amerika, agakoresha numero zimuranga zitandukanye zisaga 30, akanahindura amatariki agaragaza igihe yatangirye akazi.

Tirone Alexander yahamijwe n’urukiko icyaha cy’uburiganya, igihano cyacyo kikaba ari imyaka 20 muri gereza ndetse n’icyaha cyo kwinjira ahantu habujijwe mu kibuga cy’indege (accessing a restricted area of the airport), icyo na cyo igihano cyacyo ni ugufungwa imyaka 10 muri gereza, bivuze ko muri rusange yakatiwe gufungwa imyaka 30

Igihano cye cyo gufungwa biteganyijwe ko kizatangira muri Kanama 2025, ubu aracyari hanze nyuma y’uko yari yatanze ingwate y’ibihumbi 50 by’Amadolari.

Trump yasabye ko abantu bakwihutira kuva muri Teheran

Ibyo Perezida Trump yabivuze nyuma y’uko abayobozi ba Israel bagiriye inama abatuye mu Majyaruguru y’uburasirazuba bwa Tehran, kwihutira kuhava mu gitondo cyo kuri uyu wa Kabiri tariki 17 Kamena 2025, bavuga ko bitegura kugaba ibitero byibasira cyane cyane ibikorwa bya gisirikare muri ako gace.

Trump yakomeje avuga ko Iran igomba kwemera gusinya amasezerano na Amerika, nyuma y’ibiganiro bagiranye byerekeranye n’intwaro za Nikereyeri.

Yagize ati "Muri macye, Iran ntishobora gutunga intwaro z’ubumara za nikereyeri. Narabivuze kandi nongeye kubisubiramo”.

Yakomeje agira ati "Buri muntu agomba kwihutira kuva muri Tehran!"

U Bushinwa nabwo bwasabye abaturage babwo kuva muri Israel

Ku rundi ruhande, u Bushinwa bwasabye abaturage babwo kuva mu gihugu cya Israel ku buryo bwihuse bushoboka, nk’uko byatangajwe na Ambasade y’u Bushinwa Muri Israel.

Ambasade y’u Bushinwa muri Israel kuri uyu wa Kabiri tariki 17 Kamena 2025, yasabye abaturage b’u Bushinwa bari muri Israel kwihutira kuva muri icyo gihugu vuba bishoboka, kubera ko Iran na Israel bikomeje kugabanaho ibitero bikomeye kandi bikaba bishobora no guhitana ubuzima bwabo.

Ubutumwa Ambasade y’u Bushinwa muri Israel yatanze ibunyujije ku rubuga rwa WeChat, bugira buti "Ubutumwa u Bushinwa butanga mu gihugu cya Israel, ni ubwibutsa abaturage b’u Bushinwa bose kuva muri icyo gihugu ku buryo bwihuse bishoboka, bagakoresha inzira yo ku butaka, kuko ari ho bashobora kurindirwa umutekano w’ubuzima bwabo. Ibyiza ni uko abasohoka muri Israel bagenda berekeza mui gihugu cya Jordania kubera ko ikibazo hagati ya Iran na Israel gikomeje kwiyongera”.

Ubwo butumwa bwa Ambasade y’u Bushinwa bukomeza bugira buti "Ibikorwa remezo by’abaturage byarangijwe, impfu z’abaturage zikomeje kwiyongera, kandi ikibazo cy’umutekano kirarushaho kugenda kimera nabi”.

Intambara hagati ya Israel na Iran igeze ku munsi wa gatanu, kuko yatangiye ku wa gatanu tariki 13 Kamena 2025, ubwo Israel yoherezaga ibisasu ahantu hatandukanye muri Iran, nyuma Iran na yo itangira kubyohereza muri Israel nk’uburyo bwo kwirwanaho.

Mu kiganiro cyiga ku burezi bufite ireme mu mashuri y’inshuke n’abanza cyabereye i Kigali kuri uyu wa 13 Kamena, hari abatanze ibitekerezo bagira bati “ Ese ni gute amashuri y’inshuke afasha mu gusigasira impano z’abana ko tubona bahatwa indimi gusa”?

Dr Flora Mutezigaju umuyobozi mukuru wungirije wa REB yagize ati,” Kuvuga ko impano z’abana zititabwaho sinemeranya na byo cyane, kuko urebye mu nteganyanyigisho yo mu mashuri y’inshuke, umwana aba ategurwa neza kugira ngo azashobore kujya mu cyiciro gikurikiyeho, hitabwa ku mbamutima ze, ndetse n’uburyo abana n’abandi.”

Ibi ngo binyuzwa mu mikino itandukanye, ari naho mwarimu abonera umwana ufite impano runaka cyangwa se ushobora kuba afite ikibazo wenda akura mu muryango agafashwa.
Mu bindi byavuzwe, hari uwagaragaje ko ibigo bimwe na bimwe bigira uruhare mu gutuma abana batajya ku ishuri kubera ko bavuga ko imyanya yuzuye n’ibindi.

Dr Mutezigaju avuga ko icyo kibazo ahanini giterwa n’ibikorwaremezo bidahagije, ariko ko kizakemurwa cyane na gahunda Leta ifite yo gushyiraho ibigo mbonezamikurire y’abana baro nibura bibiri muri buri Kagari kose ko mu Rwanda, kuko buri mwana wese azakirwa kandi akiga ari hafi y’iwabo aho bitamusaba gukora urugendo.

Uyu muyobozi yavuze ko Leta y’u Rwanda iteganya gushyiraho amashuri yihariye muri buri Ntara hakaba ishuri rigenewe abana bafite ubumuga bukomatanyije cyangwa se bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe bukomeye kuko byamaze kugaragara ko hari abana badashobora kujya mu mashuri asanzwe, kandi amashuri ahari yita ku bana bafite ubumuga ahari kugeza ubu ngo ni 12 gusa mu gihugu cyose.

Ayo mashuri yihariye kandi agomba kuzaba ari amashuri y’abana biga babamo kubera ko abana bafite ubwo bumuga bwo mu mutwe cyangwa se ubukomatanyije bitashoboka ko biga bataha iwabo.

Ku bijyanye n’icyo Leta iteganya gukora mu kuzamura imyumvire y’ababyeyi, mu kumva akamaro k’amashuri y’inshuke no kumenye uruhare rwabo mu guteza imbere uburezi muri icyo cyiciro, REB ivuga ko icyo Leta itaganya ari ukongera ubukangurambaga bugamije gufasha ababyeyi kumenya no kumva neza uruhare rw’uburezi bw’inshuke mu gutuma umwana atsinda ibyiciro bikurikiraho.

Dr Kalyani, Umuganga uvura indwara zo kubaga mu bitaro bya Leta bya Vijayawada mu gihugu cy’u Buhinde, aganira na BBC, yasobanuye igikwiye gukorwa mu gihe umuntu yahagamwe n’ihwa ry’ifi.

Yagize ati “Mu gihe umuntu agiye kurya ifi ni ngombwa kubanza kuyikuramo igufa ryayo rifasheho amahwa yose, twebwe abaganga ni ko tubisaba. Ariko mu gihe umuntu ahagamwe n’ihwa ry’ifi mu muhogo, akagezwa kwa muganga, bisaba ko abanza gukorerwa isuzuma ryo kureba mu muhogo imbere hifashishijwe igikoresho cyitwa ‘endoscope’. Ibyo ni ukugira ngo bashobore kurikuramo babanje kumenya neza aho riherereye. Iyo ihwa ryamanutse rikarenga mu muhogo, bafata ifoto ya X-ray bikamenyekana aho riri, umuntu bakamubaga bakarikuramo”.

Yakomeje agira ati "Nta mpamvu yo kugira ubwoba cyane mu gihe ihwa ry’ifi rihagamye mu muhogo kuko birakunda ko rivanwamo. Ikindi nubwo ryahagama mu nzira y’igogora ivana ibyo kurya mu kanwa ibijyana mu gifu, nabwo nta mpamu yo kugira ubwoba cyane kuko bitewe n’uko ringana, aside yo mu nda ishobora kuritwika rigashonga mu buryo bworoshye”.

Dr Hariharan usanzwe uvura indwara zo mu mubiri imbere (internal medicine) mu bitaro byo mu Mujyi wa Chennai mu Buhinde, we yasobanuye uko uwahagamwe n’ihwa ry’ifi yakwitwara no mu gihe atarajya kwa muganga, kandi bikaba byamufasha.

Ati “Niba ihwa ry’ifi ryaguhagamye mu muhogo, kanda mu nda cyane, bifasha ko ihwa risohoka kubera umwuka uturuka mu nda. Ikindi ni ugukomeza kunywa Fanta cyangwa se soda, kubera ko ‘gaz’ ibamo ituma umuhogo usa n’ufungutse bigatuma ihwa risohoka rikavamo”.

Ikindi ni ukurya umuneke, ngo ni ubundi buryo bwo kwikiza ihwa ry’ifi rito ryahagamye mu muhogo, kubera ko umuneke woroshye, ntubabaza mu muhogo no mu gihe umuntu yaba yagize icyo kibazo cyo guhagamwa n’ihwa, ahubwo igihe amaze kuwunoza mu kanwa, mu gihe cyo kumira, ushobora kumanura iryo hwa rikagera mu gifu aho ritwikwa na aside irimo.

Hari kandi gukorora cyane n’ingufu, gukorora ni uburyo umubiri ukoresha wirwanaho igihe hari ikintu kidasanzwe kigiye mu muhogo cyangwa se mu nzira z’ubuhumekero. Gukorora byongerera imbaraga umwuka usohoka bigatuma ikintu kidasanzwe nk’iryo hwa ry’ifi, gisohoka kikava mu nzira z’ubuhumekero, bityo rero uhagamwe n’ihwa agomba kwemera agakorora n’ingufu kuko bishobora gufasha ko iryo hwa ryasohoka.

Ikindi ni ugufata umugati, ukawutumbika mu mata ugahita uwumira, ubwo buryo nabwo bujya gukora kimwe no kurya umuneke, kuko iryo hwa ryari ryahagamye mu muhogo rishobora gufata kuri uwo mugati mu gihe cyo kuwumira, rigahita rigera mu gifu aho ryitwikwa na aside rikarangira.

Ibindi biribwa byakoreshwa muri ubwo buryo, harimo umuceri utetse, ndetse n’ibirayi cyangwa se ibijumba.

Hari kandi kunywa amavuta ya olive, kubera ko amavuta atamanuka mu muhogo ngo ashire mu nzira byihuse nk’uko bigenda mu gihe umuntu anyoye amazi, ayo mavuta yo amara umwanya munini amanuka mu muhogo akanahabobeza, bikaba byatuma n’ihwa ryari ryahagamye rishobora kuva mu muhogo rikamanuka mu gifu.

Ikindi ni ugufata amazi y’akazuyazi arimo umunyu, ukayashyira mu kanwa ubundi ukararama ugasa n’uyasunikisha umwuka mu muhogo wanga kuyamira, ibyo ngo byoroshya imikaya yo mu muhogo, bikaba byatuma agahwa gatoya kari kafashe mu muhogo kakamanuka.

Uwo muganga avuga ko bibujijwe kugerageza gushyira ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu muhogo cyane cyane icy’icyuma, ugamije kuvanamo ihwa ryahagamyemo, uretse no gukozamo ibyuma, ngo birabujijwe no gukozamo intoki kuko byakomeretse mu muhogo bikaba byatezamo ibindi bibazo birimo na za ‘infection’.

Asoza avuga ko mu gihe ubwo buryo bwo mu rugo bwo kwikiza cyangwa se gufasha uwagize ikibazo cyo kunigwa n’ihwa ry’ifi, iyo bwanze gukora, icyihutirwa ni ukujya kwa muganga.

Mu bukwe batwawe n’imodoka itwara abapfuye

Nubwo aho muri Brazil gushyingura abapfuye ari ibikorwa bihuza abantu benshi mu rwego rwo gutabarana, kuri uwo mugore, byabaye inzira yo gushaka uko yazabonana n’umuntu yabonye kuri iryo rimbi ndetse akamenya ko ari na we muyobozi waryo.

Bwa mbere, uwo mugore w’umunya-Brazil witwa Daniela Signor yitabiriye umuhango wo gushyingura umuturanyi we wari wapfuye mu 2023, nibwo yarabutswe umugabo yakunze cyane witwa Apollo Scariot, guhera ubwo yiyemeza kujya aza kuri iryo rimbi kenshi kugira ngo arebe ko urwo rukundo rwakwemera.

Daniela w’imyaka 33, aturuka mu gace ko muri Brazil kitwa Pinhalzinho, mu Majyepfo y’Umujyi wa Sao Paulo, aho mu baturage babarirwa 2,832 buri muntu wese aba azi mugenzi we, ku buryo iyo nzira Daniela yari ahisemo gukoresha yo kwitabira ibikorwa byinshi byo guherekeza abagiye gushyingurwa agamije ko Apollo uyobora irimbi yazamubona, yari inzira ifatwa nk’itanga amahirwe cyane kuri we, nubwo kuri bamwe idasanzwe.

Gusa ikibazo cyabanje kubaho, ni uko Apollo w’imyaka 31 nubwo ari umuyobozi w’iryo rimbi atabaga ahari iminsi yose, kandi n’igihe yabaga ahari akaba ahugiye cyane mu gukurikirana akazi ke gusa.

Aganira n’Ikinyamakuru What’s The Jam, Daniela yagize ati “ Najyaga ntekereza ko nzajya njya guhobera abo mu muryango waje gushyingura uwabo kugira ngo nshobore kuba nabona Apollo. Gusa ikibazo ntabwo buri gihe yabaga ahari. We ntiyari azi ko mpora nza aho ku irimbi ngamije kumubona. Naje kubimubwira nyuma mu gihe twari twaratangiye kujya tuvugana. Mbimubwiye yahise ambaza uko byagenze kugira ngo ntabe yarambonye icyo gihe cyose, ariko aza gusanga yarabaga yitaye ku kazi ke cyane.

Nubwo byafashe igihe kitari gito, ariko Daniela abonye na Apollo nk’uko yabyifuzaga. Akimubona batangiye kujya bavugana by’abantu bakundana ndetse baza no kwiyemeza gusezerana bakabana nk’abashakanye guhera mu kwezi gushize kwa Gicurasi 2025.

Ikinyamakuru Oddity Central cyatangaje ko icyatunguye abantu cyane ku munsi w’ubukwe, ndetse kikaboneka nk’ikidasanzwe, ari ukuntu abageni bahisemo kugenda mu modoka igenewe gutwara imirambo, kubera ko babonaga yari ijyanye neza neza n’inkuru yabo y’urukundo. Ariko byabaye ngombwa ko babisobanurira abatumirwa babo mu bukwe kuko abenshi bari batunguwe no kubona iyo modoka itwaye abageni nk’uko bivugwa na Daniela.

Yagize ati “Buri muntu mu bukwe yarikanze abonye iyo modoka twagenzemo, ariko mu magambo twavuze mu bukwe twabasobanuriye byose, kuko twababwiye inkuru y’urukundo rwacu yose. Nyuma yaho, abantu bahise bumva neza impamvu twaje mu modoka itwara imirambo”.

Yamaze imyaka isaga 20 akora nk’umuganga kandi nta mpamyabushobozi afite

Uwo muganga witwa Zholia Alemi yavukiye muri Iran, nyuma we n’umuryango we baza kwimukira ahitwa i Auckland muri New Zealand, mu ntangiriro y’imyaka ya za 1990. Ageze muri icyo gihugu byaramunaniye kubona impamyabumenyi zisabwa kugira ngo umuntu abe umuganga wemewe, harimo impamyabumenyi y’ubuvuzi yo ku rwego rwa Kaminuza n’iyo ku rwego rwa Kaminuza mu bijyanye n’ubuvuzi bwo kubaga (Bachelor of Medicine) na (Bachelor of Surgery).

Gusa, nubwo byari bimeze bityo, ntibyamubujije gukomeza gushaka uko yagera ku nzozi ze, kuko hagati muri uwo mwaka wa 1990, yimukiye mu Bwongereza, ahita afatirana ibyuho biri mu mategeko yaho byemerera abaganga baturuka mu bihugu bigize Umuryango w’ibihugu bikoresha ururimi rw’Icyongereza, Commonwealth, kwinjira mu kazi bakavura bitabaye ngombwa ko bongera gukora ibizamini by’inyongera (additional examinations).

Ubusanzwe, aho mu Bwongereza, abaganga bafite impamyabushobozi bakuye ahandi basabwa gusa gukora isuzuma ryitwa ‘PLAB’ (Professional and Linguistic Assessments Board), ariko Alemi yashoboye kwerekana ko yatsinze icyo kizamini yifashishije inyandiko mpimbano, ibyo bimuhesha ububusha bwo gukora nk’umuganga wemewe mu Bwongereza hose, muri iyi myaka 20 ishize.

Nk’uko byasobanuwe na Adrian Foster, uhagarariye serivisi z’ubushinjacyaha, “Alemi yakoresheje inyandiko mpimbano yakuye muri New Zealand zigaragaza ko ari umuganga wabyize, bimufasha kubona akazi mu Bwongereza nk’umuganga ushinzwe kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe (NHS psychiatrist), mu myaka 20 isaga gato”.

Yakomeje agira ati “Muri uko gukora nk’umuganga kandi atabyemerewe muri iyo myaka yose, agomba kuba yarakiriye abarwayi babarirwa mu magana kandi atabifitiye ubushobozi, bityo agashyira ubuzima bwabo mu kaga”.

Ibinyoma by’uwo muganga byatangiye kugaragara mu mpera za 2018, ubwo urukiko rwamuhamyaga icyaha cyo gukoresha inyandiko mpimbano z’irage ry’umukecuru w’imyaka 84, kugira ngo ashobore kumuzungura, atware inzu ye ifite agaciro k’Amapawundi 300,000.

Icyo gihe urukiko rwamukatiye gufungwa imyaka itanu muri gereza, ariko nyuma y’aho ubushinjacyaha buza kuvumbura n’ibindi byaha by’uburiganya yakoze, bituma igihano yakatiwe cyiyongera.

Muri uyu mwaka wa 2025, nyuma y’uko ubushinjacyaha buvumbuye ko Alemi amaze imyaka isaga 20 avura atabifitiye impamyabushobozi, urukiko rwategetse ko yishyura Amapawundi asaga 400,000 cyangwa se akongererwa igihano cyo gufungwa.

Ubushinjacyaha bwatangaje ko Alemi yahembwe Amapawundi asaga Miliyoni 1,2 muri iyo myaka isaga 20 yamaze akora nk’umuganga mu Bwongereza.

Ubushinjacyaha kandi bwagaragaje ko ibyuho byo mu mategeko y’u Bwongereza byo kudasaba abaganga bavanye impamyabumenyi mu bindi bihugu, kongera gukora ibizamini by’inyongera, byarorohereje Zholia Alemi gutangira gukora nk’umuganga kandi atabifitiye ubushobozi, bishobora kuba byarakoreshejwe n’abandi bariganya.

Ibyo byatumye urwego rushinzwe ubuvuzi mu Bwongereza rutangira igenzura ku mpamyabumenyi zo mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi zisaga 3,000 z’abaganga bize mu mahanga mu myaka ya 1990, bakora muriicyo gihugu.

Yasobanuye uko yisanze mu buruhukiro nyuma y’uko abaganga baketse ko yapfuye

Kathure yasobanuye uko yisanze mu buruhukiro bw’ibitaro (morgue), nyuma y’uko gukomeretswa n’umugabo we bigakekwa ko yapfuye.

Yagize ati “Mbere gato nari nasanze umugabo wanjye ari kumwe n’undi mugore mu buriri bwacu, nkimara kubafata barimo basambana, uwo mugore yarirutse arasohoka, ariko umugabo wanjye we yafashe umwanya we uhagije yambara imyenda yitonze nta gihunga, nanjye sinazamura ijwi ariko mubaza nitonze igituma ankorera nk’ibyo, gusa byari ibihe by’ibibazo”.

Yakomeje agira ati “Bigeze mu masaha y’umugoroba, yasohotse hanze. Yansabye kumuha umuhoro n’icupa ryo kuzanamo peteroli yo gucana mu itara. Ubwo mpita nibwira ko agiye ku maduka kugura iyo peteroli. Gusa nubwo njye ntari mbizi, uwo mugabo yaragiye yihisha inyuma y’inzu yacu. Nyuma bigeze mu masaha y’ijoro cyane, agaruka mu nzu mu gihe njyewe n’abana twari twamaze gusinzira”.

Ati “Ubwo yahise amurika itoroshi mu maso. Ntangira kumubaza uwo ari we, ansubiza ko ari umugabo wanjye. Nyuma yo gutongana by’akanya gato, yatangiye kuntema akoresheje ikintu gityaye cyane, antema mu maso, mu mutwe, mu nda ndetse no ku maguru”.

Abaturanyi baje gutabara bakanguwe n’ijwi ry’uwo mugore watabazaga, ariko byumvikana ko yamaze kwiheba ko atagitabawe ari muzima ndetse ngo rikagenda ricika intege, kubera kuvirirana cyane. Abo batabaye bakihagera bahise bamwirukankana kwa muganga kugira ahabwe ubutabazi bwihuse.

Kathure yavuze ko bamujyanye bamuteruye mu maboka agenda ava amaraso menshi cyane, yagize ati “Bwa mbere, banjyanye ku bitaro bya Maua, ariko abaganga babonye ntumva ntanasubiza ibyo bambaza, banyimurira ku bitaro bya Meru Level 5”.

Ati “Nkigera kuri ibyo bitaro, bahise banjyana mu buruhukiro bwabyo maramo iminsi itatu, nza gutabarwa ku munsi wa kane. Ababyeyi banjye bari baramaze guhabwa amakuru y’ibyabaye, basabwa kuza gutwara abana banjye kuko namaze gupfa. Ariko nubwo bari babwiwe iyo nkuru, bashatse kugera ku bitaro kugira ngo bahinyuze niba amakuru babwiwe ari ukuri koko”.

Kathure Rosanna avuga ko bari banamaze kumushyiraho ipamba kuko bari bazi ko nta buzima agifite. Nyuma bandika izina rye rya Rosanna n’irya Se ku gapapuro bamushyize mu isura, kugira ngo umurambo we uzamenyakane.

Yagize ati "Kugira ngo bimenyekane ko nkiri muzima nubwo nashyizwe ahabikwa imirambo, hari umugore w’Umunya-Kikuyu wari waturutse ahitwa Nanyuki aje gufata umurambo w’umukobwa we wapfuye. Avanyeho umurambo w’umukobwa we, ambona munsi yawo, ariko abona ko umutima wanjye ugitera, abona ko nkiri muzima nubwo ndi ahagenewe imirambo. Uwo mugore n’abandi bari kumwe, bigiriye inama yo kutansiga aho, kuko iyo bansiga, abari hanze bari kuza bakandangiza burundu kubera ko baba bakeneye amafaranga y’igihe umurambo umaze mu buruhukiro”.

Ikinyamakuru Tuko cyandikirwa muri Kenya, cyatangaje ko uwo mugore w’umunya-Kikuyu, we n’abo bari kumwe bigiriye inama yo kujya kubwira umuganga ko hari umuntu babonye ugifite umutima utera, nubwo yashyizwe ahabikwa imirambo.

Uwo muganga nubwo ngo yashidikanyaga cyane avuga ko bidashoboka, yaje mu buruhukiro bamwereka uwo muntu ugifite umutima utera, na we arabyemeza ko koko akiri muzima. Akimara kubyemeza, uwo mugore yakuwe mu buruhukiro bw’imirambo, asubizwa mu bitaro atangira kwitabwaho n’abaganga.

Abanyeshuri b’abanyarwanda biga mu kigo umukuru w’igihugu yasuye

Iri shuri Umukuru w’Igihugu yasuye, ryigamo Abanyarwanda batanu.

Mu masomo ritanga harimo gukora ubushakashatsi no guhanga ibishya bishingiye kuri AI, rikaba ritanga impamyabumenyi zirimo icyiciro cya kabiri cya Kaminuza ndetse n’icya gatatu muri Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Uru rugendo rurimo ibikorwa byinshi bishimangira ubucuti n’ubutwererane hagati y’ibihugu byombi.

Aha niho Perezida Kagame yatangaje ifungurwa rya Ambasade nshya y’u Rwanda muri Algeria, iyo ikaba ari intambwe ikomeye cyane mu rwego rwo gushimangira umubano mwiza n’ubufatanye mu by’ubukungu hagati y’ibihugu byombi.

Ibyo gufungura Ambasade nshya y’u Rwanda muri icyo gihugu, Perezida Kagame yabitangaje ubwo yakirwaga na mugenzi we wa Alrgriya, Perezida Abdelmadjid Tebboune bakaba barahagarariye amasezerano atandukanye yasinywe hagati y’ibihugu byombi, agamije ubufatanye.

Ayo masezerano yasinywe hagati y’u Rwanda na Algeria, harimo ajyanye n’ubufatanye mu by’itumanaho, guhanga imirimo n’ibintu bishya,guteza imbere ishoramari mu bijyanye n’imiti, ubuhinzi, uburezi bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru, ubucuruzi, ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere, n’amasomo ajyanye no kwihangira imirimo.

Uwo muhango wa gusinya ayo masezerano atandukanye wabereye mu biro bya Perezida wa Algeria mu Murwa mukuru w’icyo gihugu, ukurikirwa n’ibiganiro hagati y’abo bakuru b’ibihugu bombi.

Amasezerano yerekeye ubufatanye mu by’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda yasinywe na Minisitiri ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga na inovasiyo Ingabire Paula hamwe na Minisitiri wa Algeria ushinzwe ibijyanye n’itumanaho Sid Ali Zerrouki. Abo bombi banasinyanye amasezerano ajyanye no guhanga imirimo,inovasiyo ndetse n’ajyanye n’ubukungu bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga.

Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga w’ubutwererane Amb.Olivier Nduhungirehe ari kumwe na mugenzi we wa Algeria basinyanye amasezerano atandukanye harimo agamije guteza imbere ishoramari. Yanasinye kandi amasezerano y’ubufatanye hagati y’Ikigo cy’u Rwanda gishinzwe ubuziranenge w’imiti n’ibiribwa ( Rwanda’s Food and Drugs Authority) ndetse n’ajyanye no kwihangira imirimo yasinyanye na Minisitiri wa Algeria ushinzwe ibya Vocational Training Yacine El Mahdi Oualid.

Mu bijyanye n’itumanaho, hari amasezerano yasinywe na Minisitiri wa Algeria ushinzwe itumanaho Mohamed Meziane hamwe na Minisitiri Olivier Nduhungirehe.

Amasezerano yerekeye ubufatanye mu bijyanye n’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi yasinywe na Minisitiri wa Algeria ushinzwe ubuhinzi Youcef Cherfa mu gihe ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda yasinywe na Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga n’ubutwererane Amb.Olivier Nduhungirehe.

Ubufatanye mu bijyanye n’uburezi bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru ndetse n’ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi, ni bimwe mu byaganiriweho n’abo bakuru b’ibihugu byombi. Muri urwo rwego rw’uburezi, hari amasezerano yasinywe azatangira mu 2026-2029 akaba yasinywe ku ruhande rwa Algeria na Minisitiri ushinzwe uburezi mu mashuri makuru na za Kaminuza Kamel Baddari naho ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda asinywa na Minisitiri Olivier Nduhungirehe.

Amasezerano ajyanye n’ubufatanye mu by’ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere, yasinywe ku ruhande rwa Algeria na Minisitiri ushinzwe ubwikorezi Saïd Sayoud naho ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda asinywa na Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga n’ubutwererane Amb.Olivier Nduhungirehe.

Ibihugu byombi kandi byanemeranyijwe gukuraho visa ku bantu bafite za pasiporo z’abadipolomate ndetse n’abari mu rwego rw’akazi(diplomatic and service passports).

Amasezerano ajyanye n’uko gukuraho visa ku bafite izo pasiporo yasinywe na Minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga wa Algeria Ahmed Attaf na mugenzi we w’u Rwanda Minisitiri Amb.Olivier Nduhungirehe.

Ku bijyanye n’ubufatanye mu rwego rw’ubutabera, yaba mu bibazo byerekeye amategeko mbonezamubano ndetse n’ibijyanye n’ubucuruzi, hasinywe amasezerano yasinywe na Minisitiri w’ubutabera ba Algeria Lotfi Boudjemaa hamwe na Minisitiri Amb.Olivier Nduhungirehe ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda.

Hari kandi amasezerano yasinywe ajyanye n’imikoranire mu rwego rw’iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko hagati y’ibihugu byombi (Law enforcement), asinywa ku ruhande rwa Algeria na Minisitiri w’umutekano imbere mu gihugu Brahim Merad naho ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda asinywa na Minisitiri Amb.Olivier Nduhungirehe.

Gufungura Ambasade y’u Rwanda muri Algeria,byitezweho kuzamura ibikorwa u Rwanda rukorera mu Majyaruguru ya Afurika rubikesha umubano mwiza rufitanye n’igihugu cya Algeria.

Ni imodoka yo mu bwoko bwa Honda Civic Type R

Uwo mugabo yakundaga cyane imodoka yo mu bwoko bwa Honda Civic Type R, ku buryo na nyuma yo kwibwa iye mu gihe yari ifitwe n’umukunzi we, hashize iminsi 10 gusa, yatangiye gushakisha ku masoko yo kuri Internet aho yagura imodoka imeze nk’iyo yari afite.

Yategereje iminsi 10 gusa, nyuma yo gutanga ikirego kuri polisi ko imodoka ye yibwe, kuko nyuma y’iyo minsi nta makuru mashya abonye ko polisi yaba yamenye irengero ryayo, yahise yibwira ko atazongera kuyibona, ahita yiyemeza gushaka indi imeze nk’iyo yahoranye, akayigura.

Nyuma yo gufata uwo mwanzuro wo gushaka kongera kugura indi Honda Civic Type R, ngo yaguye ku cyo yitaga amahirwe kubera ko yabonye imodoka ifite ibyo yifuzaga byose, mbese ihuje neza neza n’iyo yahoranye.

Nyuma yo kugenzura ko nta kibazo ku bijyanye n’ibilometero iyo modoka imaze kugenda n’ibiyaranga, byose abirebera kuri Internet yahise ajya kuyigura ayishyura Amapawundi 20,000 (ni ukuvuga 26,800 by’Amadolari) arayitahana.

Ariko nyuma yo kuyitwara ku bilometero bicyeya gusa, atangira kubona ibintu bimwe na bimwe bituma akeka ko imodoka yaguze ishobora kuba ari iye, harimo nk’imibavu (parfums) bashyira mu modoka kugira ngo irwanye impumuro mbi, isa neza neza n’iyari mu modoka ye yibwe, hanyuma mu gihe yarimo ayisukura, abonamo amasashe ya chocolats za Mars akunda cyane, ndetse akaba yarakundaga no kuzirya agasiga amasahe yazo mu modoka ye yibwe, ibiti bya Noheri by’imitako yo mu modoka.

Avuga ko yabonye byinshi kuri iyo modoka nshya yari aguze, ariko icyamwemeje burundu ko ari imodoka ye bidasubirwaho, ni uko agiye kureba GPS yasanzeho imyirondoro y’ababyeyi be n’iy’umukunzi we be ndetse n’ibiranga ho atuye, hakiyongeraho ibiranga ahantu hatandukanye basuye mu myaka yashize.

Akimara kubibona atyo, yagiye ahacururizwa imodoka z’uruganda rwa Honda hamwegereye, bahita bamuhamiriza ko nomero y’iyo modoka (numéro de série), ‘immatriculation’ ndetse na ‘kilométrage’ byose bidahura na numero zayo za mbere bivuze ko byahinduwe.

Uwo mugabo yahise ajyana ikibazo cye ku nzego z’umutekano, gusa ngo mu bimenyetso Polisi imaze gukusanya kugeza ubu, ni uko abakora mu igaraje yaguzemo iyo modoka, nabo batari bazi ko yibwe, kuko abo bajura bari baramaze guhindura byinshi mu biyiranga.

Uwo muganga witwa Jorge Zamora-Quezada, yaburanye yemera ibyaha ashinjwa, by’uburiganya yakoreye abo barwayi babarirwa mu magana, bituma akatirwa gufungwa imyaka 10 muri gereza ndetse n’indi myaka itatu azamara afungishijwe ijisho nyuma yo gusohoka muri gereza arangije igihano cye (supervised release).

Uwo muganga ubu ufite imyaka 68, usanzwe avura indwara zifata imikaya n’imitsi ngo yamaze igihe kirekire apima abarwayi, yarangiza akababeshya ko barwaye indwara zikomeye kandi zidakira, kugira ngo abishyuze amafaranga y’umurengera yo kubakorera ibizamini byinshi ndetse n’ubuvuzi butandukanye, mu by’ukuri badakeneye, ibyo byose akabikora agamije kwikungahaza ubwe, mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko.

Ibimenyetso byatanzwe n’ubushinjacyaha mu rukiko, byagaragaje ko ubwo buriganya uwo muganga yakoreshaga ku barwayi bwamuhesheje asaga Miliyoni 118 z’Amadolari, hakiyongeraho Miliyoni 28 z’Amadolari yishyuwe na za sosiyete z’ubwishingizi.

Abikesha ayo mafaranga yose yishyuzaga abarwayi nyuma yo kubabeshya ko barwaye indwara zidakira, Zamora-Quezada yashoboye gutangira kubaho ubuzima buhenze no kwigwizaho imitungo inzu nziza kandi zihenze zigera kuri 13, indege ye bwite ndetse n’imodoka ihenze cyane ikorerwa mu Butaliyani yitwa Maserati GranTurismo.

Matthew R. Galeotti, Umuyobozi ushinzwe ubutabera mu ishami rishinzwe kurwanya ibyaha (Criminal Division), yagize ati, “Dr. Zamora-Quezada yubatse ubuzima bwe buhenze mu gihe cy’imyaka 20, abinyujije mu guhahamura abarwayi be, guhohotera abakozi be, kubeshya za sosiyete z’ubwishingizi ndetse no kunyereza imisoro”.

Mu gihe cy’urubanza rwa Dr. Zamora-Quezada, bagenzi be bakora umwua umwe batewe ubwoba cyane no kubona abo barwayi amagana, bapimwe bakabwirwa ko barwaye izo ndwara zidakira harimo iyitwa ‘rheumatoid arthritis’ ijyana no kubyimba ndetse no kubabara cyane mu ngingo nk’intoki, amavi, ubugombambari n’ibirenge n’izindi kandi mu by’ukuri batazirwaye. Ikindi kibabaje cyane cyakozwe n’uwo muganga ngo ni uko yabandikiraga gukoresha ibizamini bihenze ndetse n’imiti ikomeye, harimo n’ishobora guteza ingaruka zo gupfa.

Bamwe mu barwayi bahuye n’uwo muganga akabaha iyo miti ikomeye kandi batarwaye indwara yabaga avuga ko arimo abavura, bagize ibibazo bya ‘strokes’, abandi bapfuka imisatsi ishira ku mutwe, abandi bangirika imyijima, abandi batangira kugira ububabare bukabije cyane kandi budashira, n’ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima byaturutse kuri iyo miti.

Ikinyamakuru OddityCentral cyatangaje ko , umwe muri abo barwayi yagize ati, “ Nahoraga mu gitanda ntashobora kwibyutsa ubwanjye kubera iyo miti nahoraga mfata, ngeza aho numva ko ubuzima bwanjye ntacyo bukimaze”.

Uretse uwo, ngo hari n’abandi bavuze ko bahagaritse iyo miti ndetse bahagarika no kujya kureba uwo muganga nyuma gutangira kumva ko mibiri yabo batangiye kumera nk’abantu bari mu zabukuru kandi bakiri bato.

Uwo munganga ngo yakundaga gukoresha abakozi b’abimukira badafite ibyangombwa byuzuye, akabakangisha kubatangira raporo mu biro bishinzwe abinjira n’abasohoka aho muri Amerika mu gihe baramuka badakurikije amabwiriza ye yo kwandikira abarwayi ibizamini bihenze bagomba gukoresha no kubaha imiti ihenze nubwo baba bafite ubuzima bumeze neza.

Uretse iyo myaka 10 Jorge Zamora-Quezada azamara muri gereza n’indi itatu azamara afungishijwe ijisho, yategetswe no kwishyura izo Miliyoni 28.245.454 yishyuwe na za sosiyete z’ubwishingizi, agatanga n’iyo mitungo ye y’inzu 13, indege ye (private jet) ndetse n’izo modoka zihenze.

Ibarura ry’ubutaka buhingwa ryo muri uyu mwaka wa 2025 (Seasonal Agricultural Survey ‘SAS’), ryagaragaje ko ubutaka buhingwa muri rusange bubarirwa muri hegitari Miliyoni 1.483 mu gihe ubutaka buhingwa bwari hegitari Miliyoni 1.428 mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’ihinga mu mwaka 2024, ibyo bikaba bivuze ko habayeho kwiyongera ku butaka buhingwa ku kigero cya 3.9% .

Uko kwiyongera k’ubutaka buhingwa, kujyana n’ubuhinzi bwombi yaba ubw’imyaka yera mu gihe gito ndetse n’imyaka itinda mu murima kuko hari hegitari miliyoni 1.019 zihingwaho imyaka yera vuba, na hegitari miliyoni 0.492 zagenewe imyaka itinda mu murima.

Uko kwanguka k’ubutaka buhingwa kandi bujyana na gahunda ya Leta y’u Rwanda yo kuzamura uburyo bwo kwihaza mu biribwa ariko no kongera umusaruro w’ibituruka ku buhinzi.

Kwiyongera kw’ingano y’ubutaka buhingwa bijyana no kwiyongera kw’ibiribwa cyangwa se kwiyongera k’umusaruro w’ibituruka ku buhinzi.

Mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’ihinga cyangwa se ‘Season A’ muri uyu mwaka wa 2025, umusaruro w’ibiribwa mu Rwanda wariyongereye ugera hafi kuri Toni miliyoni 6.16, mu gihe mu gihembwe cya mbere cy’ihinga cyo mu mwaka 2024, umusaruro wari Toni miliyoni 5.95, bivuze ko habayeho kwiyongera k’umusaruro ku kigero cya 3.6% .

Ubwo bwiyongere bw’umusaruro bwazamuwe ahanini n’ubuhinzi bw’ibigori, ibishyimbo ndetse n’ibirayi.

Urugero, umusaruro w’ibigori muri Season A mu mwaka wa 2024, wabaye Toni 507.985, mu gihe zari Toni 390.879 muri icyo gihembwe mu mwaka wawubanjirije wa 2023.

Ibyo ni ko byagenze no ku musaruro w’ibishyimbo, wariyongereye uba Toni 233.142 mu 2024, uvuye kuri Toni 197.212 zabonetse mu mwaka wawubanjirije. Umusaruro w’ibirayi mu gihembwe cy’ihinga A muri uwo mwaka wa 2024, wo wabaye Toni 460.830.

Dore bimwe mu byatumye umusaruro uzamuka

Gukoresha uburyo bugezweho mu buhinzi: gukoresha imbuto z’indobanure no gukoresha ifumbire mu mirima. Muri mu gihembwe cy’ihinga A cya 2024, abahinzi 39.7% bahinze imbuto z’indobanure, mu gihe abagera kuri 89.1% bakoresheje ifumbire mu mirima yabo.

Gahunda za Leta zifasha mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi: hari za gahunda zo guhuza ubutaka no guhingwa igihingwa kimwe kibaranye n’ubutaka, hakaba kuvomera cyangwa se kuhira imyaka byatumye ubutaka buhingwa bwiyongera.

Ingamba zijyana no guhangana n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere: Guteza imbere ubuhinzi butangiza ubutaka, no gufasha abahinzi kubyaza umusaruro ubutaka butari busanzwe bukoreshwa neza uko bikwiye.

Kwiyonger ak’ubutaka buhingwa mu Rwanda no kwiyongera kw’ibiribwa, ni intambwe ikomeye cyane mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi mu Rwanda, kuko bijyana no kuzamuka kw’imibereho myiza y’abahinzi.

Gukomeza kongera ishoramari mu bikorwaremezo bifasha mu bihinzi no gukomeza gushyigikira abahinzi, ni ingenzi cyane mu rwego gukomeza kugera ku ntego yo kongera umusaruro w’ibikomoka ku buhinzi.

Bimwe mu bitabo Ngugi yanditse

Ngugi wa Thiong’o yabonye izuba ku 5 Mutarama 1938, avukira ahitwa i Kamiriithu muri Kenya ari umwana wa gatanu, avuka ku mugore wa gatatu mu bagore bane ba Se witwaga Thiong’o wa Nducu. Yize amashuri abanza mu ishuri ry’Abamisiyoneri b’Aba-Presbytérienne, yiga mu ishuri ryisumbuye rya Alliance School ryigishaga mu Cyogengereza kuko ryari iry’Abongereza bakolonizaga Kenya muri icyo gihe.

Ngugi yashatse inshuro ebyiri abyara abana icyenda(9) muri rusange, ariko we yavugaga ko umugore we wemewe n’amategeko ari Njeeri wa Thiong’o, uwo bakaba barahuriye mu buhungiro muri Amerika ndetse banakorana kuri Kaminuza ya California.

Muri abo bana ba Ngugi, harimo na bamwe muri bo babaye abanditsi kimwe na se, harimo uwitwa Tee Ngugi, Mukoma wa Ngugi, Nducu wa Ngugi ndetse na Wanjiku wa Ngugi.

Mu gihe ibibazo bya politiki muri Kenya byari bitangiye kumera nabi, kubera ko amajwi menshi y’abarwanya ubukoloni muri Kenya yari atangiye kuzamuka mu mwaka wa 1962, Ngugi wa Thiong’o yahise ajya muri Uganda, atangira kwiga muri Kaminuza ya Makerere kuko ari yo yonyine yari ihari muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, yagenzurwaga cyane na Kaminuza ya Londres mu Bwongereza.

Muri uwo mwaka wa 1962, nibwo yanditse igitabo cye cya mbere cyamenyekanye cyane yise ‘Weep not Child’, mbere gato y’uko Kenya ibona ubwigenge yibohoye ku bukoloni bw’Abongereza.

Ngugi wa Thiong’o agarutse muri Kenya avuye muri Uganda, yabaye umunyamakuru akajya yandikira ikinyamakuru cyo muri Kenya cyitwa The Nation, muri icyo gihe yandika igitabo yise ‘The River Between’ cyasohotse mu 1964, nyuma yaho ajya kwiga muri Kaminuza ya Leeds mu Bwongereza. Muri icyo gihe yanditse ikindi gitabo yise ‘A Grain of Wheat’ cyasohotse mu 1965, gituma amenyekana cyane ku rwego mpuzamahanga, nk’uko bisobanurwa ku rubuga rwa Wikipedia.

Guhera muri uwo mwaka wa 1967, Ngugi yabaye umwalimu yigisha muri Kenya no muri Uganda. Mu 1971 yasohoye ikindi gitabo gikubiyemo inyandiko zitandukanye yise ‘Homecoming’, nyuma asohora ikindi yise ‘Petals of Blood’ cyasohotse mu 1977.

Uwo mwanditsi yaje kujya no mu kwandika ikinamico (théâtre) harimo iyiswe ‘The Trial of Dedan Kimathi, 1976’ n’indi yise ‘Ngaahika Ndeenda 1977’ (Nzarongora nimbishaka).

Ngugi wa Thiong’o witabye Imana

Muri uwo mwaka wa 1977 mu kwezi k’Ukuboza, Ngugi yarafashwe arafungwa amara umwaka muri gereza, muri icyo gihe arushaho kuzamura ijwi ryo kunenga Guverinoma, aho yanditse mu rurimi rwa Kikuyu icyo yise ‘Caithani Matharaba-ini’ (Le diable sur la croix). Uretse ibyo, Ngugi yanditse n’ibindi bitabo n’ikinamico bitandukanye.

Mu 1982 ni bwo Ngugi yahunze igihugu cye cya Kenya, atinya kongera gufungwa kuko Guverinoma ya Kenya icyo gihe yari iyobowe na Perezida Daniel Arap Moi, itishimiraga uko ayinenga abinyujije mu buvanganzo bwe, abanza guhungira mu Bwongereza nyuma ajya muri Amerika.

Muri Amerika, Ngugi yabaye umwarimu wigisha Icyongereza n’ibijyanye n’ubuvanganzo muri Kaminuza ya California-Irvine, nyuma yo kuba umwarimu no ku zindi kaminuza harimo Northwestern University, Yale University ndetse na New York University.

Juma Ibrahim, yifashishije videwo yakwirakwijwe ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ku buryo bwihuse cyane, yavuze amagambo yo gusaba imbabazi Abanya-Kenya, avuga ko asaba imbabazi mu izina ry’igihugu cye, mu izina rya Perezida w’igihugu cye Samia Suluhu Hassan, ndetse no mu izina ry’Abadepite b’igihugu cye batanze ibitekerezo birimo amagambo mabi yibasira Abanya-Kenya.

Ayo magambo yavuzwe n’Abadepite ubwo bari mu nama mu Mujyi wa Dodoma, agaragaza ko Abanya-Kenya ari abantu badakunda umuco, kandi bafite ubwenge bucyeya n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe butameze neza.

Bamwe muri abo Badepite ba Tanzania bavuze ko, “ Abanya-Kenya bakwirakwiza ingeso mbi muri Tanzania, kandi rwose Tanzania ntacyo ifite yakwigira ku Banya-Kenya”.

Abo Badepite bakomeje bashimangira ko Tanzania iteye imbere cyane kurusha Kenya. Umwe muri abo Badepite ba Tanzania we yahamije rwose ko Abanya-Kenya bafite ikibazo cy’imitekerereze itameze neza ndetse ko usanga banarwara indwara zihungabanya ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.

Aya magambo yazamuye impaka nyinshi cyane cyane mu bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga muri Kenya, ndetse akurura intambara y’amagambo yo mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga hagati y’abaturage b’ibyo bihugu byombi.

Uwo muturage wa Tanzania we rero yiyemeje kuzana ijwi ry’ituze asaba imbabazi agira ati, " Ku bavandimwe bacu ba Kenya, ni ukuri rwose muturi imbere mu bintu byinshi, harimo iby’ikoranabuhanga no gukoresha ‘Artificial Intelligence (AI)’. Rero ndashaka kubasaba imbabazi mu izina ry’igihugu na Perezida wacu tumubabarire”.

Ikinyamakuru Tuko cyo muri Kenya cyatangaje ko Juma yibukije Abatanzania bagenzi be umubano mwiza usanzwe urangwa hagati y’ibihugu byombi guhera mu mateka ya cyera.

Yakomeje agira ati, " Kandi ndasaba abayobozi bacu ba Tanzania, rwose mufite uburenganzira bwo kuganira mwisanzuye mu nteko ishinga amategeko, ariko gutuka Abanya-Kenya mu ruhame bigomba guhagarara.Abanya-Kenya bemerewe nabo gutanga ibitekerezo byabo, kandi mu gihe bakoze ibisa no kwihorera bashobora gutuma Perezida wacu yinjira mu mpaka zitari ngombwa. Ushobora kwibwira ngo urarinda Perezida ahubwo ukisanga urimo umukururira kujya mu byondo”.

Juma yavuze ko ibyo Abadepite ba Tanzania bamwe bakora mu nteko ishinga amageteko babinyujije mu mbwirwaruhame zabo ari ukutagira dipolomisi, kandi amagambo akomeye mabi bakoresha ari ibitekerezo byabo bwite bitandukanye n’iby’Abatanzania muri rusange, abasaba kureka izo mvugo zikurura ubwumvikane bucyeya mu baturage.

Juma kandi yanasobanuye ko gusaba imbabazi Abanya-Kenya muri ubwo buryo, ari ibitekerezo bye bwite, kubera ko atari umuvugizi wa Leta ya Tanzania, ahubwo ko ari umuturage wa Tanzania na Afurika y’u Burasizuba, ubona ko izo mvugo z’Abadepite b’igihugu cye zidakwiye kuko zikurura ibibazo mu baturanyi.

Yagize ati, " Simvugira Guverinoma, nta muntu wantumye. Njyewe ndi Umutanzania ukunda igihugu cye kandi nkaba n’umuturage wa Afurika y’u Burasirazuba. Bavandimwe Banya-Kenya, twe turi abaturanyi beza, ntidushaka gukomeza kubona Perezida wacu asuzugurwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, ku bantu twakoshereje, dusabye imbabazi. Rwose birangirire aha. Niba koko namwe muri abaturage ba Afurika y’u Burasirazuba, ndabasabye ngo mureke twubahe abayobozi bacu”.

Amakuru ubwo buroso butanga muri telefoni y’ukoresha iyo porogaramu, aba yerakana ko uburoso bukoreshejwe ku isaha runaka, n’iminota ibyo bigafasha mu kumenya inshuro umuntu yoza amenyo ye ku munsi n’ibindi.

Kuri uwo mugore wo mu Bwongereza, nk’umubyeyi w’abana babiri, yaguze ubwo buroso bw’amashanyarazi agamije gushishikariza abo bana be kujya bagira isuku yo mu kanwa, kubera ko bazi ko nyina amenya niba bogeje amenyo cyangwa batabikoze abirebeye kuri telefoni ye igezweho, ariko n’ababyeyi bombi batangira gukoresha ubwo buroso.

Gusa, uwo mugore yatangiye kujya acyeka ko umugabo we yaba amuca inyuma, kubera ko mu gihe yagenzuraga inshuro abana be boza amenyo, yabonye ko umugabo akoresha ubwo buroso mu masaha ubundi yagombye kuba ari mu kazi.

Byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru The Mirror, mu kiganiro cyagiranye na Paul Jones, umugenzacyaha wigenga wakoranye n’uwo mugore mu gukurikirana iyo dosiye idasanzwe.

Yavuze ko bitangira, uwo mugore yabonaga uburoso bukoreshwa kandi ari mu masaha abana bari ku ishuri n’umugabo we yagombye kuba ari mu kazi. Ariko umunsi umwe nyuma yo kugeza abana ku mashuri, ngo yabajije umugabo we niba ari we ukoresha uburoso ku wa Gatanu mu masaha y’akazi, aramuhanakanira, amubwira ko no ku wa Gatanu aba ari ku kazi umunsi wose.

Paul Jones yagize ati “Umukiriya wanjye yatangiye kujya abona ko umugabo we akoresha uburoso bwo mu kanwa mu rugo mu masaha adasanzwe, ubundi yagombye kuba ari mu kazi. Ku ntangiriro ntabwo byahise bigaragara nk’ikibazo, ndetse nta nubwo byabaye nk’impuruza by’ako kanya”.

Gusa ngo uko iminsi yagendaga ishira, uwo mugore yabonye ko buri ku wa Gatanu w’icyumweru, atangira kugira amakenga. Paul Jones yavuze ko mu by’ukuri yari amaze amezi atatu (3) adakora buri ku wa Gatanu, ahubwo akazana umukobwa bakoranaga banakundana, bakiriranwa aho mu nzu y’umuryango, kubera ko nta wundi muntu wabaga uhari yaba umugore n’abana.

Paul Jones yagize ati “Yafashwe hashingiwe ku makuru yatangwaga n’iyo porogaramu yashyizwe muri telefoni ihujwe n’uburoso bwo mu kanwa, kuko bwagaragaje ko hari umuntu wogeje amenyo saa yine n’iminota mirongo ine n’umunani (10:48) za mu gitondo, kandi yagombaga kuba ari mu kazi guhera saa tatu za mu gitondo (9h:00), ibyo rero ni ibintu bikomeye kubisobanura”.

Paul Jones yaboneyeho umwanya wo kuburira abantu bajya baca inyuma abo bashakanye, ko uretse ibyo gukurikirana amakuru binyuze mu guhamagara kuri telefoni no ku butumwa bugufi abantu baba bandika kuri za telefoni, hari n’utundi dukoresho duto nk’uburoso bwo mu kanwa dushobora kwifashishwa mu gufata abaca inyuma abo bashanye, kuko amakuru butanga aba yizewe.

Nk’uko byatangajwe na Dr. Long Shuang, isuzuma ryakozwe ku bitaro ryagaragaje ko uwo mugore afite urugero ruto cyane rwa vitamin D ku buryo rutuma amagufa ye avunagurika byoroshye ndetse ko byamuteye uburwayi bukomeye bw’amagufa (osteoporosis).

Nyuma yo gukora ubushakashatsi kuri icyo kibazo cye cy’amagufa yoroshye cyane ndetse yivunagura, byaje kugaragara ko yirinze izuba ndetse n’urumuri rwaryo guhera akiri muto ndetse ngo gacye cyane yambaraga imyenda ifite amaboko magufi no mu gihe asohotse hanze yahitaga yisiga amavuta yagenewe kurinda uruhu kwinjirwamo n’izuba cyane (sunscreen), ibyo rero byagize ingaruka zikomeye cyane ku buzima bw’amagufa ye.

Dr Jiang Xiaobing, umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe ubuzima bw’amagufa n’ubuvuzi bwo kubaga uruti rw’umugongo mu Bitaro bya Kaminuza ya Guangzhou, yagize ati, “ Bibaho ukabona abantu bahora bapfutse umubiri wabo wose guhera ku mutwe kugeza ku mano birinda kugerwaho n’izuba, ariko ni ibintu bibi cyane. Mu by’ukuri ni ibintu byangiza ubuzima”.

Yakomeje agira ati,” Amagufa yose yo mu mubiri wacu agenda asa n’aho yiyuburura bundi bushya buri myaka 10,ariko guhera ku myaka 30, dutangira gutakaza ugukomera kw’amagufa ku kigero kiri hagati ya 0.5 -1% buri mwaka. Kutabona calcium ihagije, kutagera ku zuba ku buryo buhagije no kubura vitamin D, ibyo byose bibangamira uburyo calcium yinijira mu magufa”.

Nubwo ari byiza gukoresha ayo mavuta arinda uruhu kwangizwa n’izuba cyane mu rwego rwo kwirinda ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’uruhu n’ibindi bibazo,ariko abantu bamwe na bamwe bakabya cyane kwirinda guhura n’izuba n’urumuri rwaryo, bigatuma biteza ibibazo bitandukanye cyane cyane ibijyanye n’ubuzima bw’amagufa.

Dr. Long Shuang yasobanuye ko urumuri rw’izuba ari ingenzi cyane mu gufasha umubiri w’umuntu kwakira vitamin D, kandi iyo Vitamin D igira akamaro gakomeye mu buzima bw’amagufa no kuyafasha kwinjiza calcium uko bikwiye. Kwibuza guhura n’izuba n’urumuri rwaryo mu gihe kinini, ngo bigira ingaruka zo guhungabanya ubudahangarwa n’ubuzima bw’amagufa.

Abanyeshuri batwitse inzu bararamo kubera ko babujijwe kureba match gusa

Ni igikorwa cyabaye mu ijoro ryo ku Cyumweru rishyiraho kuri uyu wa Mbere tariki 26 Gicurasi 2025, ubwo abanyeshuri bo muri iryo shuri ryisumbuye rya Mbale ryigamo abahungu bonyine, riherereye muri Kawunti ya Vihiga batwikaga imwe mu nyubako z’ishuri ari na yo bararagamo, bakabikora mu rwego rwo kwerekana ko batishimiye icyemezo cyafashwe n’ikigo ko batazongera kureba imikono, ariko hakiyongeraho no kuba hari ibindi bibazo bari baragejeje ku buyobozi bw’ikigo ntibyashakirwa umuti.

Nyuma yo gutwika iyo nzu bararagamo, abo banyeshuri ngo bafashe utubati ubusanzwe babikamo ibikoresho byabo, badushyira mu muhanda Mbale-Chavakali, unyura kuri iryo shuri ryabo, kandi unyuramo ibinyabiziga byinshi, bituma abasanzwe bawukoresha bahura n’ikibazo gikomeye cyo gushaka izindi nzira banyuramo, ndetse n’inzego z’umutekano zitangira kugerageza guhosha iyo myigaragambyo.

Ikinyamakuru TUKO.co.ke cyandikirwa aho muri Kenya, cyatangaje ko imyigaragambyo yatangiye nyuma gato y’uko bimwe uruhushya rwo kureba umupira w’amaguru, bibatera uburakari bwinshi bibyara imvururu, ubuyobozi bw’ikigo bunanirwa guhita buzihagarika.

Abaturiye iryo shuri babonye uko iyo myigaragambyo yatangiye, bavuga ko byatangiye babona umwotsi mwinshi uzamuka uturuka muri icyo kigo cy’ishuri, nyuma batangira kwangiza ibintu bitandukanye, harimo ibikoresho by’ikigo bajugunyaga mu muhanda, batwika imodoka zimwe na zimwe, basenya bimwe mu bikuta by’inyubako z’ishuri, indi barayitwika, mu gihe abashinzwe umutekano barimo bagerageza kubihosha, ariko ntibyahita bibakundira kugeza mu masaha akuze y’ijoro.

Hari raporo zamaze gutangwa zigaragaza ko hari bamwe mu banyeshuri bajyanywe mu bitaro nyuma yo gukomerekera muri iyo myigaragambyo, abandi baburirwa irengero kuko birutse bahunga inzego z’umutekano, bajya kwihisha mu giturage ahaturiye iryo shuri.

Abinyujije ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa Instagram, kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki 23 Gicurasi 2025, Jose Chameleone yagize ati “Waramutse neza Kigali, ubu ndi mu ndege ya RwandAir, ndimo ndajya mu rugo mu Rwanda”.

Kuri ubwo butumwa bwe yongeyeho akamenyetso k’umutima, agaragaza ko akunda u Rwanda nk’igihugu yita mu rugo cyangwa se imuhira.

Igitaramo kigaruye Jose Chameleone i Kigali, biteganyijwe ko kizaba ku cyumweru tariki 25 Gicurasi 2025, kikabera muri Kigali Universe.

Ni igitaramo cyagombaga kuba cyarabaye muri Mutarama 2025, ariko kirasubikwa kubera impamvu z’uburwayi bwa Jose Chameleone, bwatumye ajya kwivuza muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Jose Chameleone agiye gutaramira mu Rwanda nyuma y’ibitaramo amaze iminsi aririmbamo kuva yava muri Amerika, birimo icyateguwe ubwo yakirwaga muri Uganda avuye kwivuza, hamwe n’ibyo aherutse kuririmbamo muri Kenya ubwo yari agiye kureba uko ubuzima bwe buhagaze.

Mu bitaramo bye bitandukanye, aririmba indirimbo ze zakunzwe cyane nka Kipepeo, Jamila, Badilisha, Tubonge, Valu Valu n’izindi, ariko akanamurika inshyashya yakoze mu gihe vuba.

Amatike yo kwinjira muri icyo gitaramo nk’uko byatangajwe na The New Times aratandukanye, harimo aya 15,000 Frw ku muntu, aya 25,000 Frw ku muntu ariko muri VIP, ndetse n’aya 300,000 ku bantu batandatu (6) bari kumwe, habariwemo n’icupa rinini rya G69 Gin ku meza yabo.

Kuri uwo munsi w’igitaramo, imiryango ya Kigali Universe, izafungurwa guhera saa kumi n’ebyiri z’umugoroba (6h PM) kugeza saa munani z’ijoro (2 AM).

Uwo mugabo avugwaho kuba yarashoboye gukoresha amayeri akomeye agacika abashinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda muri iyo myaka, kandi buri munsi atwara ibinyabiziga mu mihanda itandukanye.

Ubusanzwe itegeko ry’aho mu Bufaransa, ngo riteganya ko iyo umushoferi cyangwa se umumotari yambuwe ‘permis’ igateshwa agaciro kubera icyaha yafatiwemo (annulation de permis de conduire), nk’uko byagenze kuri uwo wafashwe atwaye ikinyabiziga yasinze permis ye igateshwa agaciro, aba asabwa kongera gukora ikizamini cy’amategeko y’umuhanda ndetse n’ikizamini cyo gutwara ibinyabiziga.

Ikindi kandi, aba asabwa ni ukujya kwisuzumisha kwa muganga akabona icyemezo cyo kwa muganga cyemezo ko afite ubuzima bumeze neza, n’ikindi cyemeza ko ubuzima bwe mu mutwe bumeze neza ku buryo yashobora ibikoresho bya tekiniki.

Babinyujije ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa Facebook nk’uko byatangajwe n’Ikinyamakuru Le Figaro abo Bajandarume, batangaje ko batunguwe no gufata umuntu umaze imyaka 28 atwara ibinyabiziga nta permis agira kuko yayambuwe mu 1997 ndetse igateshwa agaciro.

Ku ntangiriro, yahagaritswe n’abo bashinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda kubera ko byagaragaraga ko yatinze gukoresha ubugenzuzi bw’ikinyabiziga cye ( contrôle technique), bituma baboneraho umwanya wo kugenzura n’ibindi byangombwa byose.

Urwego rw’Abajandarume b’aho i Rhône rwatangaje ko “ nyuma yo kugenzura ibyangombwa bye byahise bigaragara ko ikinyabiziga cye nta bwishingizi gifite”.

Ibyo birangiye bashatse kureba uruhushya rwe rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga, ariko batungurwa no gusanga rwarateshejwe agaciro guhera mu 1997, biturutse ku gutwara kandi yasinze.

Abo bajandarume batangaje ko muri iyo myaka hafi 30 amaze atwara ibinyabiziga nta ‘permis’, muri manda z’Abaperezida batanu batandukanye bayoboye icyo gihugu, yashoboye gucika amagenzura y’abajandarume agera ku 112. Ku bw’ibyo rero ngo agomba kugezwa imbere y’urukiko akisobanura nk’uko byemejwe n’urwo rwego rushinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda.

Videwo yafashwe ndetse igakwirakwizwa ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, bamwe bavuga ko bidasanzwe kubona umuntu imashini iyoberwa kubera kwisiga ibintu byinshi mu isura, igaragaza uwo mugore arimo yihanaguza udutambaro dutose, kugira ngo imashini ishobore kumenya isura ye nyayo.

Byabereye ku kibuga cy’indege cya Shanghai, aho muri iyo videwo uwo mugore agaragara afite ‘camera’ ayirebesha mu maso kugira ngo ashobore kwihanagura, muri iyo videwo kandi humvikanamo ijwi ry’umukozi wo kuri icyo kibuga cy’indege, amubwira ko agomba kwihanagura neza akamaraho ibyo yisize, kugeza ubwo isura ye iza isa neza neza n’ifoto iri mu byangombwa bye.

Yagiraga ati “Hanagura ibintu byose wisize, kugeza ubwo uza usa n’ifoto iri muri ‘passport’ yawe. Ubundi se kuki wisiga make-up nyinshi bigeze aha? Uba urimo wikururira ibibazo”.

Mu gihe bamwe mu bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga barimo baseka uwo mugore, abandi bavugaga ko ateye impuhwe, kuko yahuye n’ikimwaro gikomeye, kubona ikintu nk’icyo kimubaho imbere y’abantu, ndetse bamwe bavuga ko aho ibihe bigeze mu iterambere, make-up zitagombye kuba ikibazo muri izo mashini zishinzwe guhuza amasura y’abantu n’amafoto yo ku byangombwa.

Umwe muri abo bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga yagize ati “uko make up yaba imeze kose, ntiyagombye kuba ikibazo gituma isura y’umuntu itamenyekana, si byo? Ahari ubwo igihe ntikigeze cyo kuvugurura imashini zo kuri icyo kibuga cy’indege?”

Icyo kibazo cyabaye kuri uwo mugore, hari n’abandi bagore bo mu Bushinwa bahuye nacyo mu minsi yashize, nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru OddityCentral, aho babaga bavuye muri Koreya y’Epfo kwibagisha mu isura bigamije kongera ubwiza bwabo (facial plastic surgery), bigatuma bahinduka bikabije ku buryo amasura yabo atagisa n’amafoto ari ku byangombwa byabo.

Matata Ponyo wabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe yakatiwe imyaka 10 y’imirimo y’agahato

Ni umwanzuro wasomwe n’urukiko rushinzwe kurinda Itegeko Nshinga ku wa Kabiri tariki 20 Gicurasi 2025, ruhamya Matata Ponyo icyaha cyo kunyereza imari ya Leta ya Miliyoni hafi 247 z’Amadolari y’Amerika, nk’uko byatangajwe na Perezida w’urwo rukiko Dieudonné Kamuleta.

Umunyamategeko wunganira Matata yabwiye ibiro ntaramakuru by’Abongereza, Reuters, ko icyo cyemezo kirimo kurenganya kandi ko gishingiye kuri politiki.

Amwe muri ayo mafaranga yakuwe mu mushinga munini wo guteza imbere ubuhinzi, wari ugamije gukemura ikibazo cy’ibiribwa bidahagije cyabaye karande muri icyo gihugu.

Matata Ponyo waje no kuba umudepite ndetse akaba na Perezida w’ishyaka ritavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi rya ‘Leadership et Gouvernance pour le Développement (LGD), ntiyari ari mu rukiko ubwo umwanzuro w’urubanza rwe watangazwaga, urubanza rwari rumaze imyaka hafi ine (4) kuko rwatangiye mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 2021.

Urwo rubanza kandi rwatangiye nyuma y’uko mu mwaka wa 2020, Ikigo cy’igihugu cy’ubugenzuzi bukuru bw’imari ya Leta muri RDC, gitangaje ko habaye ubujura mu mushinga mugari w’ubuhinzi uzwi nka ’Parc agro-industriel de Bukanga-Lonzo’.

Uwo mushinga, bivugwa ko wari umwe mu ishoramari ryo mu buhinzi rinini cyane muri Afurika ndetse Banki y’Afurika yari yiteze ko uzatanga imirimo 22,000. Ni umushinga kandi wari ugamije kugoboka abantu babarirwa muri miliyoni 28 bugarijwe n’ikibazo gikomeye cy’inzara no kutihaza mu biribwa muri DRC.

Matata Ponyo mu rubanza rwe kandi yari kumwe na bagenzi be babiri, harimo Déogratias Mutombo wahoze ari umuyobozi wa banki nkuru ya DRC mu gihe ibyo byaha bya ruswa bakurikiranyweho byakorwaga, ndetse n’undi ukomoka muri Afurika y’Epfo witwa Grobler Christo, wari umuyobozi wa sosiyete yo muri Afurika y’Epfo yakoreraga aho muri RDC, abo bombi nabo buri wese yakatiwe imyaka itanu (5) yo gukora imirimo y’agahato nk’uko bikubiye mu mwanzuro w’urukiko.

Urukiko kandi rwemeje ko uwo Grobler Christo we azanahita yirukanwa burundu ku butaka bwa RDC, akimara kurangiza icyo gihano cy’imyaka itanu yakatiwe.

Ufite iki cyemezo ni we wambara inkweto ndende akagenda muri uyu mujyi

Ku bantu benshi, ayo mabwiriza yatanzwe n’Umujyi wa Carmel-by-the-Sea yumvikana nk’adasanzwe, ariko ni ko kuri abagenda muri uwo Mujyi, bagomba kubanza gusaba no guhabwa icyemezo gitangwa n’ubuyobozi bw’Umujyi wa Monterey city, ari wo ubarizwamo Carmel-by-the-Sea.

Muri uwo Mujyi, iyo ufite inkweto zifite ‘taro’ irengeje uburebure bwa santimetero eshanu, ntuba wemerewe kuzambara mu ruhame, kuko binyuranyije n’amategeko, keretse ubanje kubisabira uburenganzira.

Icyo cyemezo gitangwa ku buntu, ku buryo ngo abenshi mu basura uwo Mujyi bagisaba nk’urwibutso gusa ko bawusuye, nubwo nta gahunda baba bafite yo kuzambara inkweto ndende mu gihe cyose bazawumaramo.

Impamvu ituma bamwe basaba icyo cyangombwa cyangwa se ‘certificate’, ngo kigaragara neza, cyanditswe mu mazina y’uwagisabye, gisinyweho n’umwe mu bakozi b’Umujyi ubishinzwe.

Iryo tegeko ribuza abantu kwambara inkweto ndende mu ruhame no mu mihanda yose yo mu Mujyi wa Carmel-by-the-Sea, ngo ryatowe mu 1963, ritorwa ahanini hashingiwe ku kuba muri uwo Mujyi harimo ibiti binini, rimwe na rimwe usanga bifite n’imizi iri hejuru ku buryo yatega abantu, bikabateza ibyago mu buryo bworoshye mu gihe baba bambaye inkweto ndende.

Carmel-by-the-Sea, ni umujyi uri ku mazi

Nyuma yo kubona ko umuntu wategwa n’imizi y’ibiti yambaye inkweto ngufi atagira impanuka ikomeye nk’uko byagenda ku muntu wambaye inkweto ndende, byatumye hashyirwaho iryo tegeko ribuza abantu kwambara inkweto ndende mu rwego rwo kwirinda impanuka.

Polisi ntabwo ari yo ishyira mu bikorwa iryo tegeko ridasanzwe, ariko iyo bibayeho ko umuntu agira impanuka akagwa nabi atezwe n’iyo mizi y’ibiti, yambaye izo nkweto ndende, ntabwo aba yemerewe kurega ubuyobozi bw’Umujyi kuko ngo bifatwa nk’aho yizize.

Uretse iryo tegeko ridasanzwe ryo kubuza abantu kwambara inkweto ndende batabanje gusaba icyangombwa, uwo Mujyi wa Carmel-by-the-Sea ngo wari ufite n’irindi tegeko ribuza abantu kurya ‘ice-cream’ ku muhanda, kubera impungenge z’imyanda ishobora gutuma abazirya bagubwa nabi.

Ibyo byose uwo Mujyi wagiye ubikora mu rwego rwo kwirinda kuregwa mu nkiko ku mpamvu zitari ngombwa.

Raporo y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Bana (UNICEF), yagaragaje ko mu bice bikennye birimo n’ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima byo hirya no hino ku Isi, ibura ry’ibiribwa bihagije n’imirire mibi ku bana byakomeje kwiyongera muri iyi myaka itandatu (6) yikurikiranya, ibyo bigatuma abantu babarirwa muri za miliyoni bahora mu bibazo by’ubukene bukabije.

Muri iyo raporo ya UNICEF yatangajwe ku wa Gatanu tariki 16 Gicurasi 2025, igaragaza ko ibibazo birimo intambara, ibyo mu rwego rw’ubukungu, ibijyanye n’ihindagurika ry’ikirere rikabije, ubwiyongere bw’abahunga bava mu byabo kubera impamu zitandukanye, ibyo byose bigira uruhare rukomeye mu kurushaho gutuma ibura ry’ibiribwa n’imirire mibi byiyongera hirya no hino ku Isi, ariko bikagira ingaruka zikomeye by’umwihariko mu bice bikennye, ndetse biri no mu bindi bibazo by’ubuzima bitandukanye.

Mu mwaka wa 2024, nk’uko byagaragajwe muri iyo raporo, abantu bagera kuri Miliyoni 295 bo mu bihugu 53 bahuye n’inzara ikabije, ibyo bikaba bivuze ko biyongereyeho Miliyoni 13.7 ugereranyije n’abagize ikibazo cy’inzara gikabije mu mwaka wabanje wa 2023.

Iyo mibare yiyongera ityo, UNICEF ivuga ko ari ikibazo gihangayikishije cyane, by’umwihariko, kubera ko kugeza ubu muri rusange abantu 22.6 % by’abashoboye kubarurwa, bugarijwe n’ikibazo cy’inzara n’imirire mibi, kandi mu myaka itanu yikurikiranya imibare y’abafite ibyo bibazo hirya no hino ku Isi, ngo yakomeje kuba iri hejuru ya 20%.

Ikibazo cy’imirire mibi by’umwihariko kandi, nk’uko bigaragazwa muri iyo raporo, cyugarije cyane ndetse ku buryo bukabije abana bari mu gace ka Gaza kari mu ntambara, abari muri Mali, muri Sudani no muri Yemen.

Iyo raporo yagaragaje ikibazo cy’inzara gikomeye cyanongerewe n’ibibazo by’abakurwa mu byabo n’impamvu zitandukanye, harimo n’ababa impunzi batasohotse mu bihugu byabo, abasaba ubuhungiro mu bindi bihugu.

Muri uyu mwaka wa 2025 gusa hakaba habarurwa abantu bagera kuri Miliyoni 95, bataye ibyabo kubera impamvu zitandukanye cyane cyane intambara, umubare munini w’abo bantu ngo bakaba baboneka mu bihugu bya Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo, Colombia, Sudani, Syria ku buryo ku rwego rw’Isi muri rusange, abo bakuwe mu byabo kugeza ubu babarirwa muri Miliyoni 128.

Abayobozi bo mu nzego zo hejuru mu Burusiya hamwe n’abo muri Ukraine bahuriye mu biganiro by’imbonankubone ku wa Gatanu tariki 16 Gicurasi 2025 mu Mujyi wa Istanbul muri Turkiya, bikaba ari ubwa mbere ibiganiro nk’ibyo byari bibayeho, guhera mu myaka isaga itatu (3) ishize bari mu ntambara.

Muri ibyo biganiro, impande zombi ntizashoboye kwemeranya ku guhagarika iyo ntambara yatangiye muri Gashyantare 2022 n’ubu ikaba igikomeje, mu byo bemeranyije harimo gutegura uburyo bwo guhererekanya imfungwa z’intambara.

Buri ruhande rugomba guha urundi imfungwa gihumbi (1000) muri iyo gahunda. Impande zombi kandi, ziyemeje ko zigomba gukomeza ibiganiro.

Itsinda rihagarariye u Burusiya muri ibyo biganiro ryari riyobowe na Vladimir Medinsky, umujyanama wa Perezida Vladimir Poutine, mu gihe itsinda ryaturutse muri Ukraine ryari riyobowe na Minisitiri w’umutekano, Rustem Umerov.

Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga wa Turkiya Hakan Fidan, ni we wari muri ibyo biganiro nk’umuhuza w’impande zombi.

Aganira n’itangazamakuru, M. Medinsky w’u Burusiya, yagize ati “Twishimiye cyane ibivuye muri ibi biganiro, kandi twiteguye gukomeza kugirana ibiganiro”.

M. Umerov wa Ukraine we yagize ati “Ndatekereza intambwe izakurikiraho ari ugutegura uko hazabaho inama hagati y’Abakuru b’ibihugu byombi, kandi ni yo izaba ari intego yacu”.

Ikinyamakuru Aljazeera cyatangaje ko Perezida wa Ukraine, Volodymyr Zelenskyy yari yasabye ko habaho inama yahuriramo na Perezida Vladimir Poutine, riko ubutegetsi bwa Moscou ntibwigeze bugaragaza ko bushyigikiye icyo cyifuzo cya Perezida wa Ukraine. Hari byinshi impande zombi zitumvikanaho, ibyo ngo bikaba bigomba kwigwaho mbere y’uko ibiganiro by’ubutaha bibaho.

Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’amahanga wa Turkiya wari umuhuza muri ibyo biganiro, yabwiye impande zombi ko zifite inzira ebyiri imbere yazo, imwe iganisha ku mahoro n’iganisha ku n’urupfu.

Yagize ati “Inzira imwe izatujyana itugeza ku mahoro, mu gihe indi nzira yo izatugeza ku gusenyuka kurushaho ndetse n’urupfu. Buri ruhande ruzanzura uko rubyifuza, rumenye inzira ruzanyura bijyanye n’amahitamo yarwo”.

Iyo raporo ivuga ko abo 138 bishwe n’icyo cyorezo guhera muri Mutarama kugeza ku matariki 15 Gicurasi 2025, iyo mibare ikaba igize 19.3% by’abanduye icyo cyorezo muri rusange muri ayo mezi abanza y’umwaka wa 2025.

Iyo raporo kandi igaragaza ko imibare y’abishwe n’icyo cyorezo yiyongereye, kubera ko mu mezi nk’ayo mu mwaka wa 2024, icyo cyorezo cyishe 18.0 % y’abari bacyanduye muri rusange.

Muri iyo raporo byasobanuwe ko muri rusange abanduye icyo cyorezo ari abantu 717 muri Leta ya Epi, ariko no mu zindi Leta enye zirimo Ondo, Edo, Bauchi, ndetse na Benue zo muri Nigeria, na zo zagaragayemo icyo cyorezo muri iki cyumweru.

Iyo raporo kandi yagaragaje ko 71% by’abanduye icyo cyorezo bagaragaye muri Leta eshatu, harimo 30% Ondo, 25% muri Leta ya Bauchi, 16% muri Leta ya Taraba.

Icyo cyorezo kandi ngo cyibasira cyane urubyiruko ruri hagati y’imyaka 21 na 30, kandi kikagaragara cyane mu bantu b’igitsina gabo kurusha uko kigaragara bantu b’igitsina gore.

Ikigo cya NCDC cyatangaje ko muri iyi minsi ya vuba aha, nta mukozi wo mu nzego z’ubuzima wanduye icyo cyorezo, ariko ko muri rusange guhera mu ntangiriro z’uyu mwaka wa 2025, hari abakozi bo mu nzego z’ubuzima bagera kuri 22 bacyanduye.

Ikinyamakuru Daily Post cyatangaje ko icyo kigo gishinzwe gukumira no kurwanya indwara z’ibyorezo, cyasobanuye ko gahunda zo gukumira no kurwanya icyo cyorezo zikomeza kubangamirwa no kuba abacyanduye batinda kugaragara, kuba hari abantu benshi badakunda kujya kwa muganga nubwo baba barwaye, ikindi kuba nta makuru menshi abantu bafite kuri icyo cyorezo kandi batuye bice cyamaze kugeramo.

Ikindi rero ngo ni ukuba n’inzego z’ubuzima zidakora neza, ibyo byose bigatuma icyorezo kirushaho gukwirakwira.

Bimwe mu bimenyetso by’icyo cyorezo cya Lassa Fever harimo kugira umuriro mwinshi, kuruka, kugira isesemi nyinshi, kuribwa mu nda, kubabara imikaya, kubabara mu ngingo, ndetse no kugira umunaniro mwinshi.

Ikigo cya NCDC cyaboneyeho umwanya wo gusaba abaturage b’aho muri Nigeria, gukomeza kugira isuku, gutanga amakuru igihe umuntu agaragaje ibimenyetso by’icyo cyorezo, ndetse no kwirinda gukora ku matembabuzi y’abamaze kucyandura.

Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesu

Yabitangaje ku wa Gatatu tariki 14 Gicurasi 2025, agira ati “Itsinda ry’abayobozi ba OMS rishya ku cyicaro gikuru i Genève mu Busuwisi, rizagabanuka kuva ku bakozi 11 kugeza kuri 6, kandi izo ngamba zizatangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa guhera ku itariki 16 Kamena 2025”.

Ku itariki 22 Mata 2025 nabwo, Umuyobozi wa OMS yari yatangarije ibihugu by’ibinyamuryango ko hagiye kubaho igabanya ry’abakozi rikomeye, bitewe n’uko Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika zagabanyije amafaranga zashyiraga muri OMS, icyo cyemezo kigatuma itakibona ingengo y’imari ihagije.

Kuva muri Mutarama 2025, ubwo Perezida Donald Trump yari agarutse ku butegetsi, nyuma yo gutsinda amatora, yahise ategeka ko Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika ziva muri OMS. Kuri ubu rero, hashize iminsi uwo muryango witegura ko Amerika iwuvamo ku buryo busesuye muri Mutarama 2026.

Ubuyobozi bwa Trump bwahise bwanga no gutanga umusanzu wo mu mwaka wa 2024 na 2025, ndetse buhagarika n’inkunga zose Amerika yageneraga amahanga harimo n’imfashanyo zakoreshwaga mu mishinga ijyanye n’ubuzima hirya no hino ku isi.

OMS kandi iteganya kugabanya amashami yayo hagasigara atagera no kuri kimwe cya kabiri cy’ayahari ubu. Ni ukuvuga ko mu mashami 76 (departments) hazasigara 34 gusa, nk’uko byemejwe na Dr Tedros.

Radio mpuzamahanga y’Abafaransa (RFI), yatangaje ko izo ngamba zose zatangajwe na OMS ndetse n’amavugurura agenda akorwa mu ngengo y’imari y’umwaka utaha, bitewe n’uko igomba kugabanuka, ntabwo bihita bitangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa mu buryo bw’ako kanya, ahubwo bizategereza kuganirwaho mu nama ngarukamwaka izahuza ibihugu by’ibinyamuryango bya OMS, iteganyijwe mu cyumweru gitaha, guhera ku itariki 19-27 Gicurasi 2025 i Genève mu Busiwisi.

Mu mpera z’ukwezi gushize kwa Mata 2025, nibwo ubuyobozi bwo muri Turkey, bwafashe icyemezo ko hagiye gutwikwa toni zisaga 20 z’urumogi zafashwe mu bihe bitandukanye zirunze mu Mujyi wa Lice. Nyuma yo gutangaza gahunda yo gutwika urwo rumogi, umwuka wo mu kirere cyo muri uwo Mujyi wahindutse umwotsi w’urumogi gusa, bitewe n’uko rwari rwinshi bituma rutwikwa mu minsi itanu yose.

Muri uko gutwika, abaturage bo mu Mujyi wa Lice, ngo ntibashoboraga gukingura amadirishya cyangwa inzugi z’inzu zabo, abandi bakirinda gusohoka mu mazu yabo ngo bajye hanze, kubera ko bari bafite impungenge zo guhumeka uwo mwuka ukaba wabamerera nabi.

Gusa, nubwo byari bimeze bityo, ngo abenshi bisanze bafite ibimenyetso bisanzwe biranga abantu banyoye iryo tabi ry’urumogi harimo kutabona neza, kugira isesemi no kuruka, kureba no kubona ibintu bidahari (hallucinations) n’ibindi.

Urumogi rwatwitswe muri rusange muri uwo Mujyi wa Lice, rwari Toni 20 zirengaho ibiro 766 n’amagarama 679, rufite agaciro ka Miliyari 10 z’Ama-Lira yo Turkey, ni ukuvuga Miliyari 371.2 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda.

Urwo rumogi rwose ngo rwari rwarafashwe mu mikwabu itandukanye yabaye muri iyo Ntara ya Diyarbakır mu myaka ya 2023 na 2024.

Umwe mu batuye muri ako gace yagize ati, “ umwotsi w’ibiyobyabwenge watwikiriye akarere kose muri iyi minsi, ntidushobora gufungura amadirishya. Abana barwaye, ubu turahora tujya kwa muganga bya hato na hato”.

Umwe mu bayobozi b’ishyirahamwe ry’uburenganzira bwa muntu witwa Yahya Öğer we yavuze ko nubwo gufata ibyo biyobyabwenge bingana bityo ari intego ikomeye yagezweho n’abayobozi mu rwego rwo kubihashya, ariko ngo uburyo byatwitswemo ntabwo bukwiye.

Ikindi yashimangiye ko gutondeka ibipfunyika by’urwo rumogi ku buryo bikora izina ry’uwo Mujyi LICE mu gihe cyo kubitwika, nabyo byongereye ibibi mu bindi.

Yagize ati, “ Wenda ibi byakozwe nk’uburyo bwo gukumira ibiyobyabwenge, ariko gutwikirwa hagati mu Mujyi byagombaga guteza abaturage ikibazo kubera guhumeka uwo mwuka w’ibiyobyabwenge bitwikwa. Twagira inama Polisi ko ubutaha yajya ibitwikira mu nganda zifite uburyo bwagenwe bukwiye bwo gusohora umwotsi, kugira ngo irinde abaturage kugerwaho n’ingaruka zawo”.

“ Nk’uko mubizi, gutwika ibiyobyabwenge nka biriya by’ibyatsi bishobora gutera abantu indwara. Kimwe n’uko bigenda ku itabi rikagira ingaruka no ku muntu utarinyoye, ahubwo wegereye aho barinywera, umwotsi w’urumogi nawo utuma abantu bawegereye bagira ibibazo byo kumva batamerewe neza mu buryo butandukanye harimo nko kumva basinze, kumva bahita isereri, kuruka no kubona ibintu bidahari”.

Iyo nkuru idasanzwe yabaye hagati y’abaturanyi babiri, yabereye mu Mujyi witwa Zurich, aho uwo mukecuru aregwa gukoresha amayeri yo guhora agaburira injangwe y’umuturanyi yitwa Leo, kugira ngo azayimwibe ayitware nimara kumumenyera.

Uwareze mu rukiko ngo yavuze ko uwo mukecuru amubona nk’umushotoranyi, kubera ari kenshi yamwiyamye amubuza kujya agaburira injangwe ye, kugeza nubwo abikora mu nyandiko amusaba kubihagarika, ariko bikaba iby’ubusa, ahubwo agakomeza.

Uretse kugaburira iyo njangwe y’abandi kandi, uwo mukecuru ngo yanashyirishije umwenge mu rugi rw’inzu ye, kugira ngo iyo njangwe izajye yinjira inasohoke iwe uko ibishaka.

Icyakurikiyeho, ngo ni uko iyo njangwe yageze igihe ireka kuzajya itaha kwa nyirayo, ahubwo ikigumira mu nzu y’uwo mukecuru, nubwo kwa nyirayo nabo babaga bayiteguriye amafunguro meza, ariko bikanga bikaba iby’ubusa.

Uwo nyiri injangwe amaze kubibona atyo, yahise ategura ikirego agishyikiriza ubushinjacyaha, arega uwo mukecuru wakoresheje amayeri yo kugaburira injangwe ye kenshi birangira yanze kugaruka mu rugo.

Ibiro by’umushinjacyaha byategetse uwo mukecuru kwishyura amande y’Amafaranga yo mu Busuwisi 800 (ni ukuvuga asaga 1,300,000 by’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda), ayo akiyongeraho andi mande yari yaciwe mbere agera ku 3600 by’Amafaranga yo mu Busuwisi (ni ukuvuga asaga 6,106,000 z’Amafaranga y’u Rwanda), kubera icyaha cyo kwiha ikintu cy’undi mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko.

Nubwo uwo mukecuru yabonye izo mpapuro zo mu bushinjacyaha zimusaba gutanga ayo mande, ngo yanze kuyishyura yose, birangira ikirego kijyanywe mu rukiko.

Mu mategeko yo mu Busuwisi, kugaburira injangwe y’abandi bya rimwe na rimwe ntabwo bigize icyaha, ariko kubikora ku buryo buhoraho ni icyaha gihanwa n’amategeko, ariko mu rukiko uwo mukecuru yaburanye ahakana icyaha aregwa.

Iki gihugu kivuga ko amafaranga macyeya ahari ngo agiye gushorwa mu kuvugurura imikorere no kongera ubushobozi bw’amashuri makuru na za Kaminuza z’imbere mu gihugu.

Abayobozi ba Nigeria kandi basanga abanyeshuri b’abanyagihugu bazahita bashishikarira kwiga muri za Kaminuza zabo, no mu mashuri yigisha ibijyanye n’ubumenyingiro, kuko bazaba bazi ko imyigishirize n’imibereho y’abanyeshuri byitabwaho neza.

Radio mpuzamahanga y’Abafaransa (RFI) yatangaje ko umwe mu banyeshuri bageze mu gihe cyo kujya kuri kaminuza, witwa Namo Namo, umusore urerwa na nyina wenyine, yari yizeye ko ashobora kubona kuri izo ‘buruse’ zo kujya kwiga mu mahanga, none kuzikuraho ngo ni ibintu avuga ko byamubabaje cyane.

Kugeze ubu, ngo yari yaramaze kwiyandikisha ku buyobozi bushinzwe ibyo bya za buruse, ku cyicaro cya Kaminuza ya Abuja (campus fédéral d’Abuja). Namo afite inzozi zo kuzajya kwiga mu mahanga.

Yagize ati, “ Haracyari icyizere kuri njyewe, sindabona umuterankunga kugeza ubu. Iyo buruse yari isanzwe itangwa na Guverinoma ya Nigeria yo kujya kwiga mu mahanga n’ubusanzwe ntibonwa na bose, ariko hari za porogaramu zitegurwa n’ibigo na za sosiyete zigenga, zigatanga za buruse zo kujya kwiga hanze mu mahanga, kandi uburyo batangamo za buruse ubona bukurikiza aho isi ya none igeze. Uko bimeze kose sinibona nk’umuntu ugomba kurambiriza gusa kuri iyo gahunda yihariye yakuweho na Leta”.

Undi munyeshuri w’imyaka 17 witwa Chioma Maduboko, wiga mu by’icungamutungo muri Kaminuza ya UniAbuja we yavuze ko yizera ko abategetsi bo muri Nigeria, bazakoresha iyo ngengo y’imari izaboneka nyuma yo guhagarika izo buruse zo kujya kwiga mu mahanga, bakavugurura imyigishirize muri za Kaminuza zo muri Nigeria.

Yagize ati, “ Guverinoma ya Nigeria ntigomba kwibanda gusa ku byo kongera imishahara y’abarimu ba za Kaminuza no gutanga inguzanyo zo kwiga gusa, nubwo izo nguzanyo zo kwiga hari abanyeshuri zifasha yego, ariko abategetsi ba Nigeria bagomba kugira icyo bakora ku rwego rw’igihugu, bakazamura urwego rw’imibereho muri rusange, cyane cyane bakibanda ku kintu cyo kurwanya ubukene”.

Chioma we yemeza ko inzozi ze ari ukwiga amashuri ye ya Kaminuza muri Nigeria, akahabonera impamyabumenyi ndetse akaba ari naho azakora mu gihe azaba arangije kwiga.

Yahamijwe icyaha cy’ihohotera yakoreye umwana we

Mu 2023, ngo nibwo habayeho inkubiri y’ababyeyi bo hirya no hino ku Isi, bashyira za videwo ku rubuga nkoranyambaga rwa TikTok, aho babaga bifotoye bamena amagi ari uko babanje kuyakubita ku duhanga tw’abana babo, nubwo hari abana babaga babyanze ababyeyi bakabibahatira, kuko ngo babifataga nk’ibintu byo gusetsa kuri TikTok.

Nubwo kuri benshi icyo gikorwa cyafatwaga nko gusetsa gusa ndetse ko ntacyo bihungabanyijeho abana babo, ariko uwo mugore wo muri Suwede yahamijwe n’urukiko icyaha cyo guhohotera umwana we, ndetse no kumukoza isoni agamije gushimisha abamukurikira kuri TikTok.

Uwo mugore yahonze igi ku gahanga k’umwana we, we abibona nk’ibinejeje, ndetse no mu rukiko akomeza gushimangira ko kumena igi ribisi arikubise ku gahanga k’umwana ari ibintu bisanzwe byo kwishimisha, kandi ko hari n’abandi babikora kuri TikTok. Gusa ibyo byose yasobanuraga ntabwo umucamanza yigeze abyumva nk’ingingo imurengera.

Videwo uwo mugore yashyize kuri TikTok yayifashe imwerekana we n’umukobwa we, bagiye gukora ‘cake’ noneho akajya amena amagi ayakubise ku gahanga k’uwo mwana, hamwe igaragaza ururenda rwo mu igi rumushokera mu isura, ahandi yumvikana abwira nyina wari urimo aseka, ati “birababaza ntiwongere gukubita igi ku gahanga”.

Nk’uko yabyifuzaga rwose, iyo videwo uwo mugore yakoze, ngo yarebwe n’abantu 100,000 (views) ku rubuga rwa TikTok, ariko umwe muri abo ni we wayijyanye kuri polisi, atanga ikirego kuri uwo mugore, maze atangira gukurikiranwa ku cyaha cyo kuba yaba ahohotera umwana we.

Cecilia Andersson, Umushinjaha mu rubanza rw’uwo mugore, aganira n’itangazamakuru yagize ati “Nkibona iyo videwo, naratekereje nti nta wakora ibintu nk’ibi abikorera ku mwana. Noneho ukabifata videwo, ugakoza isoni umwana imbere y’abantu ibihumbi bakoresha imbuga nkoranyambaga. Njyewe nabifashe nko gutesha umwana agaciro, ni ko mbyumva”.

Yakomeje agira ati “Ni umwana w’umukobwa mutoya uri kumwe na nyina, azi ko bagiye gufatanya gukora ‘cake’ yumva abikunze kandi abyishimiye, agiye kubona abona nyina arimo aramena amagi abanje kuyamukubita ku gahanga. Iki ni igikorwa kigayitse”.

Ikinyamakuru OddityCentral cyatangaje ko uwo mugore yavuze ko yabikoze atagamije kubabaza umwana, ahubwo ko yashakaga gukora videwo yarebwa cyane n’abamukurikira kuri TikTok.

Ibyo byose umucamanza ntiyabyumvise nk’impamvu zamuhanaguraho icyo cyaha cyo guhohotera umwana, ahubwo yanzuye ko icyaha kimuhama, ahanishwa gutanga amande y’amafaranga yo muri Suwede (SEK 20,000), ni ukuvuga angana n’Amadolari y’Amerika 2,070, ayo akaba agomba kwishyurwa uwo mwana wahohotewe na nyina.